光源的選擇與認知-Light source selecti

光源的選擇與認知Lightsourceselectionandcognition閃光燈的作用是什么？Whatisthefunctionofaflash?現(xiàn)場補光、提高快門速度、增加景深、突出前景、降低反差、調整色溫On-sitelightingsupplementation,increasingshutterspeed,increasingdepthoffield,highlightingtheforeground,reducingcontrast,andadjustingcolortemperature.1、光源的基礎知識

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources光源直接影響到圖像的質量，進而影響到系統(tǒng)的性能。Thelightsourcedirectlyaffectsthequalityoftheimage,whichinturnaffectstheperformanceofthesystem.使用光源的目的是什么？Whatisthepurposeofusingalightsource?目的是：獲得對比鮮明的圖像。圖像質量的好壞，也就是看圖像邊緣是否銳利，具體來說：Thepurposeistoobtainanimagewithaclearcontrast.Thequalityoftheimageisdeterminedbywhethertheedgesaresharp,specifically:①

將感興趣部分和其他部分的灰度值差異加大Increasethedifferenceingrayscalevaluesbetweentheareaofinterestandotherparts②盡量消除不感興趣的部分Minimizetheuninterestedpartsasmuchaspossible③提高信噪比，利于圖像處理Improvethesignal-to-noiseratio,whichisbeneficialforimageprocessing.④減少因材質、照射角度對成像的影響Reducetheimpactonimagingduetomaterialpropertiesandilluminationangles.1、光源的基礎知識

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources機器視覺常用的光源種類有：高頻熒光燈、光纖鹵素燈、LED燈、氙燈等。Commontypesoflightsourcesusedinmachinevisioninclude:high-frequencyfluorescentlamps,fiber-optichalogenlamps,LEDlights,andxenonlamps,etc.高頻熒光燈high-frequencyfluorescentlamps光線鹵素燈fiber-optichalogenlampsLED燈LEDlights1、光源的基礎知識

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources不同類型光源的區(qū)別

Differencesamongvarioustypesoflightsourcesfiber-optichalogenlampsLEDlightsfluorescentlampsxenonlampsxenonlampshalogenlampsLEDlightsfluorescentlamps1、光源的基礎知識

BasicKnowledgeofLightSourcesLED燈的優(yōu)點：壽命長，成本低，外形尺寸設計靈活，顏色光譜可按需選擇，響應迅速適合頻閃等優(yōu)點已經(jīng)成為機器視覺系統(tǒng)中廣泛采用的主流照明光源。TheadvantagesofLEDlights:longlifespan,lowcost,flexibledesigninsizeandshape,colorspectrumcanbechosenasneeded,andrapidresponsesuitableforstroboscopiclightinghavemadethemwidelyadoptedasthemainstreamlightsourceinmachinevisionsystems.可制成各種形狀、尺寸及各種照射角度；

Canbemadeintovariousshapes,sizes,andilluminationangles;可根據(jù)需要制成各種顏色，并可隨時調節(jié)亮度；

Canbemanufacturedinvariouscolorsasneeded,andbrightnesscanbeadjustedatanytime;散熱效果更好，光亮度更穩(wěn)定；

Betterheatdissipation,resultinginmorestablebrightness;可根據(jù)客戶的需要，進行特殊設計；

Canbespeciallydesignedaccordingtocustomerrequirements;運行成本低、壽命長的LED，會在綜合成本和性能方面體現(xiàn)出更大的優(yōu)勢。

ThelowoperatingcostandlonglifespanofLEDswilldemonstrategreateradvantagesintermsofoverallcostandperformance.1、光源的基礎知識

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources提供不同照射角度、不同顏色組合Providesvariousilluminationanglesandcolorcombinations;突出物體的三維信息Highlightsthethree-dimensionalinformationofobjects;解決對角照射陰影問題Solvestheshadowproblemscausedbydiagonalillumination;可選配漫射板導光，光線均勻擴散Anoptionaldiffuserplatecanbeusedtoevenlydiffusethelight.環(huán)形光源

RingLightSource：1、光源的基礎知識

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources可以從任何角度提供配合物體的斜射照明Canprovideobliqueilluminationforobjectsfromanyangle;常用于較大被檢測物體的表面照明Commonlyusedforsurfacelightingoflargerobjectstobeinspected;照射角度與安裝位置隨意可調Illuminationangleandinstallationpositionareadjustableatwill;在條形結構中具有高亮度的分布Featureshighbrightnessdistributioninabarstructure;可選配漫射板導光，光線均勻擴散Anoptionaldiffuserplatecanbeusedtoevenlydiffusethelight.條形光源

BarLightSource：1、光源的基礎知識

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources背光光源BacklightSource：大面積均勻發(fā)光；Providesuniformilluminationoveralargearea;用高密度LED陣列面提供高強度的背光照明；Offershigh-intensitybacklightingwithahigh-densityLEDarray;能充分突出被測物的外形輪廓特征。Effectivelyhighlightsthecontourfeaturesoftheobjectbeingmeasured.1、光源的基礎知識

BasicKnowledgeofLightSources2、照明技術

IlluminationTechnology照射光的種類

TypesofIlluminationLight：平行光ParallelLight照射角度整齊的光。太陽光就是平行光。發(fā)光角度越窄的LED直射光越接近平行光。Lightwithauniformangleofincidence.Sunlightisanexampleofparallellight.ThenarrowertheemissionangleofanLED'sdirectlight,thecloseritistoparallellight.直射光DirectLightLED光源直接照射對像物的光。LightfromtheLEDsourcethatisdirectlyprojectedontotheobject.散射光DiffuseLight各種角度的光源混合在一起的光。日常生活用光幾乎都是擴散光。Lightthatisamixtureoflightsourcesfromvariousangles.Almostalllightingusedindailylifeisdiffuselight.偏光光光源的傳遞方向在特定的垂直平面上波動受到限制的光。通常是利用偏光板來防止特定方向的反射。PolarizedLight:Lightwhosetransmissiondirectionhasrestrictedoscillationwithinaspecificverticalplane.Polarizingfiltersaretypicallyusedtopreventreflectionsfromaspecificdirection.直射光：明亮、射角窄，會有光點DirectLight:Bright,withanarrowbeamangle,resultinginlightspots散射光：較暗、射角寬、無光點光斑均勻DiffuseLight:Dimmer,withawidebeamangle,nolightspots,andevenlightdistribution直射光和散射光

DirectLightandDiffuseLight2、照明技術

IlluminationTechnology明視野和暗視野：光源經(jīng)由物體，而反射/折射進入相機，而形成的圖像，主要為明場圖像和暗場圖像。Bright-fieldandDark-field:Thelightsourcepassesthroughtheobjectandisreflected/refractedintothecamera,formingimagesthatareprimarilybright-fieldanddark-fieldimages.bright-fielddark-field2、照明技術

IlluminationTechnology顏色的應用

ApplicationofColor：Bluereflection,withallothercolorsbeingabsorbed.white2、照明技術

IlluminationTechnology濾光技術

FilteringTechnology濾光鏡FilterLensWithoutfilteringoutstraylightFilteringoutstraylight2、照明技術

IlluminationTechnology偏光技術

PolarizationTechnologyWithoutpolarizationtechnologyUs