上肢骨幻燈片

2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨上

肢

骨

2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Bonesofupperlimb上肢骨

Shouldgirdle

上肢帶骨Clavicle鎖骨Scapula肩胛骨Bonesoffreeupperlimb

自由上肢骨Arm:humerus肱骨ForearmRadius橈骨

Ulna尺骨

BonesofhandCarpalbones腕骨Metacarpalbones掌骨Phalangesoffingers指骨2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Clavicle鎖骨“S”shaped,medial2/3convexforwardandlateral1/3convexbackwardSternalend胸骨端

(medially)Acromialend肩峰端

(laterally)2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Scapula

肩胛骨ThreebordersSuperior:coracoidprocess喙突

scapularnotch肩胛切跡Lateral(axillary)border腋緣Medial(vertebral)border脊柱緣ThreeanglesSuperior:oppositetothe2ndribInferior:oppositetothe7thribor7thintercostalsspaceLateral:glenoidcavity關節(jié)盂

supra-andinfraglenoidtubercles盂上、下結節(jié)TwosurfacesAnteriorsurfaceconcave:subscapularfossa肩胛下窩Posteriorsurface:spineofscapula肩胛岡acromion肩峰supra-andinfraspinousfossae岡上、下窩2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Humerus肱骨Upperend:

Headofhumerus

肱骨頭Anatomicalneck

解剖頸Greatertubercle

大結節(jié)Lessertubercle

小結節(jié)Crestofgreatertubercle

大結節(jié)嵴Crestoflessertubercle

小結節(jié)嵴Intertuberculargroove

結節(jié)間溝Surgicalneck

外科頸2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Humerus肱骨Shaft:

Deltoidtuberosity

(onlateralsurface)

三角肌粗隆

Grooveforradialnerve

(onposteriorsurface)橈神經(jīng)溝2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Humerus肱骨Lowerend:

Lateralepicondyle外上髁Medialepicondyle內(nèi)上髁Capitulum肱骨小頭Trochlea肱骨滑車Coranoidfossa冠突窩(anteriorly)Radialfossa橈窩

(anteriorly)Olecranonfossa鷹嘴窩

(posteriorly)Sulcusforulnarnerve尺神經(jīng)溝2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Radius橈骨Upperend:

headofradius

橈骨頭neckofradius

橈骨頸radialtuberosity

橈骨粗隆articularcircumference環(huán)狀關節(jié)面Shaft：interosseousborder

骨間緣Lowerend:styloidprocess(laterally)

橈骨莖突ulnarnotch

(medially)尺切跡carpalarticularsurface

(inferiorly)腕關節(jié)面2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Ulnar尺骨Upperend:

Olecranon鷹嘴

coronoidprocess冠突

trochlearnotch滑車切跡

radialnotch橈切跡ulnartubersity尺骨粗隆

Lowerend

styloidprocess尺骨莖突headofulna尺骨頭2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Anteroposteriorradiographoftheforearmofagirlaged112.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Colles’fractureNormally,theradialstyloidprocessprojectsfurtherdistallythantheulnarstyloidprocess.Consequently,whenfracturewithinthedistal2cmoftheradius(Colles’fracture)occurs,thisrelationshipisreversedbecauseofshorteningoftheradius.2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Carpalbones腕骨

Proximalrow―(lateraltomedial)Scaphoid手舟骨Lunate

月骨Triquetral三角骨

Pisiform

豌豆骨Distalrow―(lateraltomedial)Trapezium

大多角骨Trapezoid小多角骨Capitate

頭狀骨

Hamate

鉤骨2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Carpalbones腕骨P.S.L.Tq.Tm.Td.C.H.記憶口訣：舟、月、三角、豆scaphoid,lunate,triquetralandpisiform

大、小多角、頭狀、鉤trapezium,trapezoid,capitateandhamate2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Metacarpalbones掌骨

NumberedonetofivefromthumbtolittlefingerStructureofeachbase(proximally)Shafthead(distally)2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Phalangesoffingers指骨Consistof14―twoforfirstdigit(thumb)andthreeforeachofotherfourdigitsStructureofeachbase(proximally)Shafttrochleaofphalanx(distally)tuberosityofdistalphalanx遠節(jié)指骨粗隆2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨BonesofLowerLimb下肢骨

Pelvicgirdle:hipbone

髖骨Bonesoffreelowerlimb:ThighFemur股骨

Patella髕骨

LegTibia脛骨

Fibula腓骨FootTarsalbones跗骨Metatarsalbones跖骨Phalangesoftoes趾骨2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Hipbone髖骨

ConsistingofthreefusedbonesIlium髂骨Ischium坐骨Pubis恥骨Acetabulum髖臼Formedbybodiesofilium,ischiumandpubisLunatesurface月狀面Acetabularfossa髖臼窩Acetabularnotch髖臼切跡2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Ilium髂骨Bodyofilium

髂骨體

Alaofilium

髂骨翼Iliaccrest

髂嵴Anteriorsuperioriliacspine

髂前上棘

Anteriorinferioriliacspine

髂前下棘Tubercleofiliaccrest

髂結節(jié)Posteriorsuperioriliacspine

髂后上棘Posteriorinferioriliacspine

髂后下棘Greatersciaticnotch

坐骨大切跡Glutealsurface

臀面Iliacfossa

髂窩Arcuateline

弓狀線Auricularsurface

耳狀面Iliactuberosity

髂粗隆2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Animaginarylinejoiningthehighestpointontheiliaccrestsoverthefourthlumbarspine.2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Ischium坐骨

Bodyofischium坐骨體Ischialspine坐骨棘Lessersciaticnotch坐骨小切跡Ramusofischium坐骨支ischialtuberosity坐骨結節(jié)2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Pubis

恥骨

Bodyofpubis恥骨體Iliopubiceminence

髂恥隆起Superiorramusofpubis恥骨上支pectenofpubis恥骨梳pubictubercle恥骨結節(jié)pubiccrest恥骨嵴symphysialsurface恥骨聯(lián)合面Inferiorramusofpubis恥骨下支Obturatorforamen閉孔2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Femur股骨UpperendFemoralhead股骨頭Foveaoffemoralhead股骨頭凹Neckoffemur股骨頸Greatertrochanter大轉子Lessertrochanter小轉子Intertrochantericline轉子間線Intertrochantericcrest轉子間嵴2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Fractureofthefemoralneck2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Femur股骨Shaft:

Lineaaspera粗線Glutealtuberosity臀肌粗隆Pectinealline恥骨肌線

Poplitealsurface腘面2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Femur股骨Lowerend:Medialcondyle內(nèi)側髁Lateralcondyle外側髁Medialepicondyle內(nèi)上髁Lateralepicondyle外上髁Adductortubercle收肌結節(jié)Intercondylarfossa髁間窩Patellarsurface髕面2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Tibia

脛骨Upperend:

Medial

condyle內(nèi)側髁lateralcondyles外側髁Intercondylareminence髁間隆起fibulararticularsurface腓關節(jié)面tuberosityoftibia脛骨粗隆

ShaftInterosseousborder骨間緣

Solealline比目魚肌線Lowerend:Fibularnotch腓切跡Medialmalleolus內(nèi)踝2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨

Fibula腓骨Upperend:fibularhead

腓骨頭

neckoffibula腓骨頸Shaft:

interosseousborder骨間緣Lowerend:

lateralmalleolus外踝2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Patella髕骨triangularsesamoidbone2.Bonesoflimb上肢骨Tarsalbones

跗骨ConsistofsevenshortbonesarrangedinthreerowPosteriorrow

talus距骨calcaneus跟骨Intermedi