江蘇專版2024-2025學年新教材高中英語Unit1Lightscameraaction!素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)練一牛津譯林版必修第二冊

素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)練（一）Ⅰ.閱讀理解AJoeClarkwasanon-traditionalhighschoolprincipal,whoseunusualwayofcarryingoutrulesbecamethesubjectofa1989Hollywoodmovie.HegainednationalattentionforhisleadershipatEastsideHighSchoolinPaterson,NewJersey.“Youarenotinferior.”iswhatClarkwouldoftentellhisstudents,manyofwhomwereAfricanAmericanorLatino.Theygrewupinadifficultenvironmentandfacedviolence,drugsandtroubledfamilylifewhichcouldpreventthemfromsucceedinginschoolandinlife.Beforebecominganeducator,ClarkservedintheU.S.AmyReserve.Hisexperiencemighthaveinfluencedhowheranhisschool.Hewasknowntowalkaroundwithabullhornandabaseballbat.InClark'sfirstdaysofworking,heexpelled300studentsforbreakingschoolrules.Thestudentswhoremainedatschoolbelievedthathigherexpectationswerebeingplacedonthem.Theyfeltmorepressuretoperformbetter.Somepraisedhiseffortsatdisciplinewhileotherscriticizedhismethods.PresidentRonaldReaganofferedClarkaWhiteHousepolicyadviserpositionafterhissuccessatthehighschool.In1988,oneteacher,saidhismethodsweremorelikebeinginalaborcampthanapublichighschool.In1989,actorMorganFreemanplayedClarkinthemovieLeanonMe.ThatmoviewasbasedonClark'sexperiencesatEastside.“Joewasafatherfiguretoschoolkids,”Freemansaid.“Hewasthebestofthebestintermsofeducation.”Recently,oneofJoeClark'sformerstudents,ThomasMcEntyresaid,“Ineverreallygotachanceto...thankhim.Weareyourproduct.Youdidnotfailus.Nomatterwhetheryoukickedmeout,youdidnotfailme.Youbetteredme.”AfterheretiredfromEastsidein1989,Clarkwroteabookcalled“LayingDowntheLaw:JoeClark'sStrategyforSavingOurSchools.”HedescribedhowhemanagedtoturnEastsideHighfromafailingschoolintoasuccess.1.WhatdidJoeClarkmeanbysaying“Youarenotinferior”tohisstudents?A.Tomakethestudentsfacethereality.B.Toleadthestudentstoacceptthemselves.C.Topressthestudentsnottomakemistakes.D.Toencouragethestudentstobetterthemselves.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“expelled”inParagraph3mean?A.Drewout. B.Kickedout. C.Broughtout. D.Smoothedout.3.WhocriticizedJoeClark?A.Thepresident. B.Oneteacher.C.MorganFreeman. D.ThomasMcEntyre.4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesJoeClark?A.Toughandunique. B.Demandingandhumorous.C.Kindandconsiderate. D.Well-meaningandprofessional.BFromclassicbookslikeAWrinkleinTimetoclassicmovieslikeBacktotheFuture,childrenandadultsbothhavebeenfascinatedbytheconceptoftimetravelforhundredsofyears.Butisitevenpossible?Timetravelsoundssimple:youjustmovebackandforthbetweendifferentpointsintimelikeyouwouldbetweendifferentpointsinspace.Youcouldjumpforwardintothefuture,oryoucanjumpbacktosometimeinthepast.Exactlyhowwouldthisbedone?Mostartisticworksthatfeaturetimetravelfinishitwiththehelpofaspecialdeviceusuallycalledatimemachine.Thetimemachinefeatureswhatevertechnologyhasbeendevelopedtotransportpeoplesuccessfullytootherpointsintime.Butcouldtimetravelreallyhappen?SomescientistsbelievethatpartsofAlbertEinstein'stheoriesofspecialandgeneralrelativitymightallowforthepossibilityoftimetravel.Thesetheoriesarecomplexandveryhardtounderstand.Theyinvolveunusualastronomicalthingslikeblackholesandwormholes.Travelingfasterthanthespeedoflightmightalsoberequired.Itcanbefun,though,tothinkaboutwhatproblemsmightbepresentedbytimetravel.Itmaycreateanabsurdsituation.Forexample,let'ssaythatyoutravelbackintimetothedayyourparentsmet.Whatifyourshowinguponthedayyourparentsmetcausedaripple（連鎖反應）intimethatledtothemnotmeeting?Iftheyhadnevermet,youwouldneverhavebeenborn.Ifyouhadneverbeenborn,howcouldyoueverexisttotravelbackintimetocausetheproblemyoujustcaused?Thoughitmaysoundconfusing,wehopethatanyscientistwhoevermanagestomaketimetravelpossibleworksouttheseproblemsinadvance.5.WhatkindoffilmisBacktotheFuturemostlikelytobe?A.Anactionfilm. B.Asciencefictionfilm.C.Ahistoricalfilm. D.Aromanticfilm.6.WhatdoestheauthormainlydoinParagraph2?A.Addatopic. B.Giveanexample.C.Explainaconcept. D.Makeaconclusion.7.Whatissomescientists'judgmentonthepossibilityoftimetravelbasedon?A.Previoussimilarcases. B.Detailedscientificreport.C.Somescientifictheories. D.Advancedspacetechnology.8.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoftimetravel?A.Itwillcertainlycometrueoneday.B.Itisapossibleandabsurdidea.C.Itwillchangesomehistoricalevents.D.Itmaycauseconfusionwithtimeandspace.Ⅱ.七選五WhyOlderPeopleShrinkWhenwesayolderpeopleshrink,wedon'tmeantheybecometinyenoughtofitinyourpocket.Wejustmeanthatit'scommonforolderpeopletobecomealittleshorterovertime.1Ittakesplaceoveryearsandmayadduptoonlyaninchorsooffoftheiradultheight.Thiskindofshrinkingcan'tbereversed（逆轉(zhuǎn)）,althoughpeoplecansloworstopthisprocess.Butwhydoesshrinkinghappenonearth?Onereasonwhysomeolderpeopleshrinkisbecauseofosteoporosis（骨質(zhì)疏松）.Osteoporosisoccurswhentheboneisbrokendownandnotenoughnewbonematerialismade.2Bonesbecomesmallerandweakerandcaneasilybreakifsomeonewithosteoporosisisinjured.Doyouwanttodosomethingrightnowtobuildstrongbones?Takethesetwosteps.They'resmartideasforkidsandadults.3Foodsrichintheimportantbone-buildingmineralcalcium（鈣）—includingmilk,tofu,cheese,greenleafyvegetablesanddrinksthatarefortifiedwithcalciumlikesomekindsoforangejuice—aregoodchoices.Exerciseregularly.4Doyouknowthateverydayyoushrinkalittle,too?Youaren'tastallattheendofthedayasyouareatthebeginning.That'sbecauseasthedaygoeson,waterinthedisksofthespinegetscompressed（被壓縮）duetogravity（重力）,makingyoujustatinybitshorter.5Onceyougetagoodnight'srest,yourbodyrecovers,andthenextmorning,you'restandingtallagain!A.Don'tworry,though.B.Eatawell-balanceddiet.C.Itisn'tdramaticorsudden.D.Smokingmakestheproblemworse.E.Doingso,overtime,helpsbonesstaystrong.F.Peopleshouldbemorecarefulastheyaregettingolder.G.Overtime,theboneissaidtobelostbecauseit'snotbeingreplaced.Ⅲ.完形填空ThemiddleofMayisoneofmyfavoritetimesoftheyearhereinthemountains.Thetreesareallfulloflightgreenleaves.The1soundofbirdsongsmixestogetherwiththelaughterofchildrenplayingoutside.Thereisone2partaboutit,however.TherecomesapointwhereIhavetomow（修剪）myyardand3mybuttercups.IalwaysmowaroundthelittleyellowflowersthefirstfewtimesIcutmygrass,but4,theygetafoothighandIhavetomowthemtoo.IapologizetothemwhenImowthemdown,butIam5toseethateachSpringthereareevenmoreofthem.It6withjustafewbuttercupsinmyyardhereandtherebutnowtheentirefrontpartofitis7withthem.Eachyeartheir8scatter（四散）andtheymultiply（大量繁殖）moreandmore,makingthenextSpringmore9thanthelast.Ourlivesarealotlikethese10aswell.Ioftenencouragepeopletofreely11theirlovetotheworld,butthe12isthatitisn'tjustaddition.Itismultiplication（倍增）.Eachsmileyousharebringsoutthe13ofothers.Ourlivesarelikebuttercupsscatteringseedsof14andbeautyandmakingthisworlda15place.1.A.annoying B.loud C.sharp D.sweet2.A.important B.happy C.sad D.strange3.A.pickup B.bringup C.carryaway D.cutdown4.A.moreorless B.atsomepoint C.asusual D.atatime5.A.disappointed B.confused C.encouraged D.eager6.A.happened B.started C.developed D.showed7.A.supplied B.equipped C.caught D.filled8.A.seeds B.leaves C.soils D.insects9.A.beautiful B.peaceful C.different D.crowded10.A.flowers B.trees C.people D.fruits11.A.introduce B.lend C.add D.return12.A.problem B.purpose C.challenge D.truth13.A.doubts B.smiles C.dreams D.hugs14.A.luck B.patience C.love D.wisdom15.A.better B.simpler C.safer D.cleanerⅣ.語法填空BeijingOperahas1.historyofover200years.Inthe55thyearofthereignofEmperorQianlongoftheQingDynasty,fourbigoperagroups2.AnhuiProvinceenteredthecapital,joiningotheroperastogether3.（create）whatwenowknowasBeijingOpera.Overaperiodofmorethanhalfacenturyofcombinationofdifferentkindsofoperasthere4.（appear）presentBeijingOpera.ItisthemostimportantofalltraditionalChineseoperas,andithasarich5.（collect）ofworksandalargenumberoffamousartists6.giveitagreatinfluenceinChina.Thetraditionalplayssharealargerolein7.（protect）Chineseculturefornewgenerations.SinceMeiLanfang,thegreatmasterofBeijingOpera,visitedJapanin1919,BeijingOpera8.（become）moreandmorepopularwithpeopleallovertheworld.Ithasmadeanexcellentcontributiontothe9.（culture）exchangebetweenChinaandtheWest.Nowadays,youcan10.（frequent）findtravellinggroupsofBeijingOperaperformersinmanyforeigncitiesandlocalChinatowns.素養(yǎng)培優(yōu)練（一）Ⅰ.閱讀理解1.D[解析]推理推斷題。依據(jù)其次段可推知，通過說“你并不比其他的學生差”，JoeClark激勵學生提高自己。2.B[解析]詞義揣測題。依據(jù)畫線詞后breakingschoolrules可知，這300名學生違反校規(guī)，應是受到了某種懲處。結(jié)合下文中Thestudentswhoremainedatschool可推知，那300名學生應當是被開除了。3.B[解析]細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)倒數(shù)其次段中“In1988,oneteacher,saidhismethodsweremorelikebeinginalaborcampthanapublichighschool.”可知，一位老師指責了JoeClark。4.A[解析]推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段中“...unusualwayofcarryingoutrules...”以及第三段中“...heexpelled300studentsforbreakingschoolrules...”可推知，JoeClark強硬且獨特?！菊Z篇導讀】本文主要介紹了一位非傳統(tǒng)的中學校長JoeClark是如何教化學生的，以及他的教化特點。5.B[解析]推理推斷題。依據(jù)第一段可知，無論是書籍《時間的皺紋》，還是電影《回到將來》內(nèi)容都與時間旅行有關(guān)，這一類的書籍或者電影屬于科幻類。6.C[解析]主旨大意題。依據(jù)其次段可知，本段是對時間旅行這個概念的說明。7.C[解析]細微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第四段可知，阿爾伯特·愛因斯坦的狹義相對論和廣義相對論為時間旅行供應了理論支持。故選C項。8.D[解析]推理推斷題。依據(jù)最終一段“...maycreateanabsurdsituation.Forexample...howcouldyoueverexisttotravelbackintimetocausetheproblemyoujustcaused...”可推知，作者認為時間旅行可能會造成時間和空間的混亂。故選D項。【語篇導讀】本文主要介紹了時間穿越，并探討了這種概念的可能性和本身存在的問題，并期盼著時間穿越本身的問題能得到解決。Ⅱ.七選五1.C[解析]下文提到老年人變矮是一個緩慢的過程，須要幾年的時間。因此，C項（它不是急劇或突然發(fā)生的）與下文語意一樣。2.G[解析]上下文講的都是人體的骨骼發(fā)生的改變，因此G項（隨著時間的推移，由于沒有更新補充，骨量會流失）符合語境。3.B[解析]依據(jù)下文可知，該段講的是通過合理飲食來令骨骼更強壯的方法。因此，B項符合題意。4