初中英語語法總結(jié)

初中英語語法總結(jié)初中英語語法總結(jié)「篇一」1(see、hear、notice、find、feel、listento、lookat(感官動詞)+doeg:Ilikewatchingmonkeysjump2（比較級and比較級）表示越來越怎么樣3apieceofcake=easy小菜一碟（容易）4agreewithsb贊成某人5allkindsof各種各樣akindof一樣6allovertheworld=thewholeworld整個世界7alongwith同……一道，伴隨……eg:Iwillgoalongwithyou我將和你一起去thestudentsplantedtreesalongwiththeirteachers學生同老師們一起種樹8Assoonas一怎么樣就怎么樣9asyoucansee你是知道的10askfor……求助向…要…（直接接想要的東西）eg:askyouformybook11asksbforsth向某人什么12asksbtodosth詢問某人某事asksbnottodo叫某人不要做某事13attheageof在……歲時eg：IamsixteenIamattheageofsixteen14atthebeginningof…………的起初；……的開始15attheendof+地點/+時間最后；盡頭；末尾eg:Attheendoftheday16atthistimeofyear在每年的這個時候17be/feelconfidentofsth/thatclause+從句感覺/對什么有信心，自信eg:Iam/feelconfidentofmyspokenEnglishIfeelthatIcanpassthetest18be+doing表：1現(xiàn)在進行時2將來時19beableto(+v原)=can(+v原）能夠……eg:SheisabletosingShecansing20beabletodosth能夠干什么eg:sheisabletosing21beafraidtodo(ofsth恐懼，害怕……eg:ImafraedtogooutatnightImafraidofdog22beallowedtodo被允許做什么eg:ImallowedtowatchTV我被允許看電視IshouldbeallowedtowatchTV我應(yīng)該被允許看電視23beangrywithsb生某人的氣eg:Dontbeangrywithme24beangrywith(at)sbfordoingsth為什么而生某人的氣25beas…原級…as和什么一樣eg:Sheisastallasme她和我一樣高26beashamedto27beawayfrom遠離28beawayfrom從……離開29bebadfor對什么有害eg:Readingbooksinthesunisbadforyoureyes在太陽下看書對你的眼睛不好30beborn出生于31bebusydoingsth忙于做什么事bebusywithsth忙于。32becareful當心；小心33bedifferentfrom……和什么不一樣34befamousfor以……著名35befriendlytosb對某人友好36befrom=comefrom來自eg：HeisfromBejingHecomesfromBejingIshefromBejing?DoeshecomefromBejing?37befullof裝滿……的befilledwith充滿eg:theglassisfullofwatertheglassisfilledwithwater38beglad+to+do/從句39begoingto+v(原）將來時40begoodat(+doing)=dowellin在某方面善長,善于。41begoodfor對什么有好處eg:ReadingaloudisgoodforyourEnglish42behappytodo很高興做某事43behelpfultosb對某人有好處eg:Readingaloudishelpfultoyou大聲朗讀對你有好處Exercisingishelpfultoyourbady鍛煉對你的身體有好處44beingoodhealth身體健康45beintrouble處于困難中eg:SheisintroubleTheyareintronble46beinterestedin對某方面感興趣47belatefor=comelateto遲到eg:Belateforclass上課遲到48belike像……eg:Imlikemymother49bemadat生某人的氣50bemadefrom由……制成(制成以后看不見原材料)51bemadeof由……制成(制成以后還看得見原材料)52benotsure表不確定53beonavisitto參觀54bepopularwithsb受某人歡迎55bequiet安靜56beshortfor表的縮寫eg:陶isshortfor陶俊杰57besickinbed生病在床58besorrytodosthbesorryforsbeg:Iamsorryforyou59besorrytohearthat60besorrytotroublesbeg:Iamsorrytotroubleyou61bestrictindoingsth嚴于做某事eg:Hesstrictinobeyingnoles62bestrictwithsb對某人要求嚴格eg:Somestudentsarenotstrictwiththemselves這些學生對自己不嚴格63bestrictwithsbinsth某方面對某人嚴格64besupposedtodo被要求干什么65besure表確定66besureofdoingsth對做某事有信心eg:HeissureofwinningIamsureoflearningEnglishwell67besureofsth對做某事有信心eg:Imsureofmyhead(myteacher我相信我的大腦（老師）68besurethatsth對做某事有信心eg:Imsuerthathecanpassthetest我相信他能通過考試69besuretodosth一定會做某事eg:Wearesuretopassthetest我們一定會通過這次考試WearesuretolearnEnglishwell我們一定能學好英語70beterrifiedof+名/動doing害怕……71beterrifiedtodosth害怕做某事72bethesameas…和什么一樣73beusedtodoingsth習慣做某事eg:Myfatherisusedtogettingupearly我爸爸習慣早Heisusedtosleepinginclass他習慣上課睡覺74beworthdoing值得做什么75be(feel)afraidtodosth害怕做某事beafraidofsth害怕某物beafraidthat叢句76because+句子becauseof+短語eg:HewaslatebecausehehadaheadacheHewaslatebecauseofhisheadache77begintodo=starttodo開始做某事start…with…=begin…with…以什么開始什么eg:LetsbeginthegamewiththesongIbegintogohome78between…and…兩者之間79borrowsthfromsb向……借……lendsthtosb(lendsbsth借給……什么東西eg:Iborrowedapenfromhimhelentapentome(helentmeapen80both=thesame(as)=notdifferent(from)表相同81bother打擾bothersbtodostheg:Imsorrytobotheryou,butcanyoutellmetowaytothestation我十分道歉打擾你，但是你能告訴我怎么去車站theproblemhasbeenbotheringmeforweeks這個問題困擾了我?guī)讉€周了Hesbotheringmetolendhimmoney82bytheendof到……為止83callsbstheg:Wecallhimoldwang84care關(guān)心eg:Dontyoucareaboutthiscountrysfuture?你為什么不關(guān)心國家的未來85catchupwithsb趕上某人86chatwithsb和某人閑談takesbto+地點帶某人去某地87comein進88comeoverto過來89comeupwith提出eg:Canyoucomeupwithagoodidea你能想出一個好辦法嗎？90communicatewithsb和某人交流91consider+doing考慮做什么eg:Whynotconsidergoingtoluzhou為什么不考慮去瀘州？92danceto隨著……跳舞eg:Shelikesdancingtothemusic她喜歡隨著音樂跳舞93decidetodosth決定做某事94doasurveyof做某方面的調(diào)查95dobetterin在……方面做得更好96dowrong做錯97Dontforgettodosth不要忘了做某事98Dontmind+doing/從句/名詞不要介意。99each+名（單）每一個…eg:Eachstudenthasmanybooks每一個學生都有一些書100endup+doing101enjoy+doing喜歡102escapefrom從……逃跑eg:Theprisonershaveescapedfromtheprison犯人從監(jiān)獄里逃跑出來103expecttodosth期待做某事104falldown摔下來falloff從哪摔下來105fallinlovewithsb/sth愛上什么106farfrom離某地遠eg:Theschoolisfarfrommyhome107find+it+adj+todo發(fā)現(xiàn)做某事怎么樣108findsb/sth+adj發(fā)現(xiàn)什么怎么樣eg:Ifindthebookinteresting109finish完成+doing（名詞）110fittosb=befitforsb適合某人111forgettodo沒有做而忘了forgetdoing做了而又忘了eg:DontforgettogohomeIforgetclosingdoor112from…to…從某某到某某eg:Frommeforher113get/havesthdown做完，被（別人）做…eg:Ihavemyhaircut我理了發(fā)(頭發(fā)被剪了）Tomgothisbadtoothpulledout湯母把他的壞牙拔掉了（被牙醫(yī)拔掉了）114getapart-timejob=findapart-timejob115getalongwellwithsb=getonwellwithsb與某人相處得好116getalongwithsb=getonwithsb與某人相處117getreadyfor=bereadyfor為什么而準備eg:IgetreadyformathIamreadyformath118getsbintotrouble給某人麻119getsbtodosth120get…from…從某處得到某物121giveatalk做報告eg:Heisgiveatall122givesthtosbgivesbsth給某人某物123gofish釣魚goswimming游泳124goontodo去做下一件事goondoing繼續(xù)做這件事125gooutawayfromgooutof126gotoschool上學（用于專業(yè)的）gototheschool去學校（不一定是上學）127goodwayto好方法128hatetodo討厭沒做過的事hatedoing討厭做過的事129haveapartyforsb舉辦誰的晚會130haveatalk聽報告談一談131havebeendoing現(xiàn)在完成進行時eg:YouhavebeentalkingYouhavebeensleepingsince132havebeento…(地方）……去過某過地方havegoneto…（地方）去了某地還沒回來133havefun+doing玩得高興134havesthtodo有什么事要做eg:Ihavealotofhomeworktodo我有很多家庭作業(yè)要做Ihavenothingtodo我沒什么事情做135havetodosth必須做某事136havetrouble(problem)(in)doingsth做什么事情有麻煩137have…time+doing138have…(時間)…off放……假eg:Ihavemonthoff我請一個月得假139hearsb+do/doing聽見某人做某事/正在做某事140helpalot很大用處141helpsbwithsth\onessth幫助某人某事（某方面）helpsb(to)dosth幫助某人做某事142hopetodosth希望做某事143Howabout(+doing)=Whatabout(+doing)144howdoyoulike=whatdoyouthinkof你對什么的看法145if:是否＝wethereg:Idontknowif(wether)Ishouldgototheparty我不知道我是否應(yīng)該去參加晚會Hedontknowif(wether)wewillarriveontimetomorrowmorning他不知道我們明天早上是否能準時到達146if:如果，假如（全部接一般時態(tài)）＋條件語態(tài)從句eg:IllgotoLuZhouifitdoestrain假如明天不下雨，我就去瀘州Iftheychangetheplantheywillletmeknow假如他們要改變計劃，他們會讓我知道的IllgotoEngland,ifIhaveenoughmoneynextyear如果我明年由足夠的錢，我就要去英國147inonesopinion=sbthink某人認為148insomeways在某些方面149intheend=finally(adv)最后150inthenorthof…什么在什么的北方（north北sowth南west西east東）151inthesun在太陽下152increase增加eg:Theyveincreasedthepreceofpetrolby3%他們把石油價增加了3%thepopulationhasincreasedfrom12milliontenyearsagoto18millionnow153insteadof+（名）代替eg:Idlikeanappleinsteadofapear我想要蘋果，而不要梨子IlikeEnglishinsteadofmath我喜歡英語而不喜歡數(shù)學154introducesbtosb介紹某人給某人introduceoneself自我介紹155invitesbtodosth邀請某人做某事156Ittakessbsometimetodosth做某人花掉某人多少時間eg:Ittookme5minutestodomyhomeworkIttakesmehalfanhourtocook157Its+adj+forsbtodosth對某人來說做某事怎么樣158Its+adj+todo做某事怎么樣159Its+adjforsb對于某人來說怎么樣Its+adjofsb對某人來說太怎么樣160Its+adj(forsb)todo（對某人來說）做某事怎么樣Its+adjofsbtodosth對某人來說做某事太怎么樣eg:ItsniceofyoutohelpmewithmyEnglish161Itsagoodideaforsbtodosth對……來說是個好主意162Itsimportanttosb對某人來說很重要eg:Itsimportanttome163ItstimetodosthItstimeforsth到了該去做某事的時間eg:ItstimetohaveclassItstimeforclass該去上課了164join=takepartin參加165justnow剛才166keep+sb/sth+adj/介詞短語讓什么保持什么樣？167keepout不讓……進入168keepsbadj讓……保持……eg:Iwanttokeepmymotherhappykeephealthy保持健康169keyto+名詞表示：某物的鑰匙或某題的答案170keyto…anserto…key可以是答題或鑰匙171laughat…取笑……eg:DontlanghatothersWelanghedatthejoke172learnbyoneslfe自學173learnfromsb向某人學習eg:WeshouldlearnfromLeiFeng174learntodosth學做某事175letsbdosth讓某人做某事176Letsbdown讓某人失望eg：Weshouldntletourfarentsdown我們不應(yīng)該讓我們的父母失望177livefrom:離某地遠178livein+大地方/at+小地方居住在某地eg:IliveinLuZhouShelivesatXuanTan179lookafter=takecareof照顧照看180loseonesway誰迷路eg:Loseyourway你迷路181makeadecisiontodosth決定做某事182makefriendswithsb和誰成為朋友eg:Iwanttomakefriendswithyou183makeitearly把時間定的早一點184makeonexhibitionofoneself讓某人出洋相185makesb/n+n使什么成為什么eg:ImadehermystepmollerImadeyoumywife186makesb/sth+adj使某人（某物）怎么樣eg:Youmustmadeyourbedclean187makesb/sthadj使某人/某物怎么樣188makesbdosth讓某人做某事eg:Imadehimwrite我以前讓他寫189makeupbemadeupof(被動語態(tài)）由……組成190make…differenceto。191mindsbtodomindonesdoing介意……做什么192most+名mostof+代193muchtoo+形容詞194mustbe一定195need+名詞196needsbdosth需要某人做某事197needtodo(實義動詞）needdo(情態(tài)動詞）198no/neithrofhatetodono/neithrofhatedoing199no+名詞200notanymore=nomore再也不……eg:HedidntcryanymoreHecriednomore他再也不哭201not…(形、副）atalleg:Hesnottallatallshedoesntjunpfaratall202not…atall一點都不203not…either表否定，也不eg:IdontjapanseeitherIdonthavesister,either我也沒有姐姐204not…until直到……才。eg:IdidntsleepuntilmymothercamebackThechilddidntstopcryinguntilIgivehersugar205offer/providesbwithsth給某人提供206offersbsth(offersthtosb提供什么東西給某人eg:Iofferyouwater(Iofferwatertoyou我給你提供水207ononeswayto…在誰去那的路上208ontheonehand一方面ontheotherhand另一方面209onthephone=overthephone用電話交談210ontime準時intime及時211oneday＝someday＝someday一天，有一天212oneof+可數(shù)名詞的復數(shù)形式213onetoanother一個到另一個214overandoveragin一遍又一遍的eg:Hecleanedtheflooroverandoveragin215part-timejob兼職工作fall-timejob全職工作216payfor…付……錢paythebill開錢，付錢217please+do218pleasehelpyourself219pleasedwithsb220poolinto=poreinto221practice+doing練習做某事222prefersthtosth相對……更喜歡……eg:Ipreferphysicstochemisty在物理和化學中，我更喜歡物理preferdoingtosth更喜歡去做…不愿意去做…eg:Heprefersridingabiketodiving他更喜歡騎自行車，不開小車prefertodosthratherthandosth寧愿做…也不愿eg:Myundepreferstobuyanowcarratherthanrepaivtheusedone我叔叔更喜歡買新的車，也不去修舊車prefersbnottodosth更愿意…eg:Ipreferhernottocome我不喜歡她不來223pretendtodosth裝著去做什么pretendthat從句eg:Thetwocheatspretendedtobeworkingveryhard這兩個騙子裝著努力工作Hepretendedthathedidnotknowtheanswer他裝著不知道答案224rather…than寧可……也不。eg:Iwouldratherbeadoctorthanateacher我愿肯當醫(yī)生，也不當老師Helikesdogsratherthancats他喜歡狗，不喜歡貓225regard…as把……當作。eg:Pleasegivemybestregardstoyourfamily請帶我向你的家人我最好的問候Iregardyouasmyfriend我把你當作我的朋友Heshowslittleregardforothers他不愛關(guān)心別人226remidsbaboutsth提醒某人什么事remidsbtodosth提醒某人做某事eg:heremidsmeaboutcooking(heremidsmetocook他提醒我做飯227remidsbofsth使某人想起什么eg:thepicturesremindmeofmyschooldays這照片使我想起了我的學校thewordsthat(which)theteachertalketoremindmeofmymother228returnsthtosb還什么東西給某人229saytooneself對自己說230saytosb對某人說231sbspendsomemoneyonsth花了多少錢在某事上232sbspendsometimewithsb花了多少時間陪誰233sbspendsometime(in)doingsth花了多少時間做某事234sbwithsb+issbandsb+are235seesbdo看見某人做過某事seesbdoing看見某人正在做某事236seemtodo/be+adj顯得怎么樣eg:YouseemtobetiredYouseemtobehappy237send+sbsth送給某人某物238send…to…把什么寄到哪里去？239shock使……震驚eg:Oh,Itsonlyyou！Yougivemeashock啊，是你呀！嚇我一跳240showsbsth向某人展示某物eg:Ishowherthebook。241showsbsth=showsthtosb拿什么東西給某人看eg:ShowmeyourpenShowyourpentome242showsthtosb向某人展示某物eg:Ishowthebooktoher。243some…others…一些……另一些。244start…with…從……開始begin…with…從……開始245stayawayfrom遠離。eg:Weretoldtostayawayfromtheanimalswhevisitingthezoo當我們參觀zoo時，我們要遠離動物Ifyouwanttoloseweightyoudbetterstayauayfromthesweetfood徒工你想減肥，你最好遠離甜食246stopdoing停下正在做的事247stopsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事248stopsb(from)doing阻止某人做某事249stoptodo停下正在做的事去做下一件事250such+名這樣，這種251suitsb適合某人252surprisesb使某人驚奇toonessurprise令某人驚奇253takeclasses上課254takesbto把某人帶去eg:Itakeyoutothehospital255takewalks=takeawalk＝goforawalk散步256①talkto對誰說eg:Italktoyou②talkwith和誰說eg:Italkwithhim③talkof談到eg:wetalkedofyou④talkabout談?wù)撽P(guān)于。257talkwithsb和某人說話258teachsbsth教某人做某事259tellsbdosth告訴某人做某事260tellsbsthtellsbthat叢句tellsbnottodosthtellastory261tellsbsth告訴某人某事262tellsbtodosth告訴某人做什么tellsbnottodosth告訴某人不要做什么263tell…from。264thankyoufor+doing265thesame+名詞(doing)+as。266thesame…(名)…asas…(adjadv)…as相同267thewaytodosth＝thewayofdoingst做某方面的方法thewayto+地方去哪的路eg:DoyouknowthewaytolearnEnglishDoyouknowthewayoflearningEnglish268thewayto…（地點）到哪的269too…to…太怎樣而不能……adj+enoughto足夠…能…so…that+叢句eg:Heistooyoungtogotoschool=HeissoyoungthathecantgotoschoolHeisoldenoughtogotoschool＝Heissooldthathecangotoschool270transalte……into……把什么翻譯成什么eg:TrasalteEnglishintochinese271travelwithsb和某人去旅游272tryonesbesttodosth盡某人最大的努力去做某事eg:IwilltrymybesttolearnEnglishwell273trytodosth想干什么，但沒成功trydoingsth想干什么，已經(jīng)做過了eg：Hetriedtoclimb他想爬上去，但沒成功Hetriedclimbing他想爬上去，已經(jīng)做過了274try…試衣服haveatry試一下275turndown開小←→turnup開大276turnoff關(guān)上←→turnon打開open拆開277upsidedown倒著278visitto…參觀某個地方279waitforsb等某人初中英語語法總結(jié)「篇二」admitdoingsth.承認做某事advisedoingsth.建議做某事allowdoingsth.允許做某事appreciatedoingsth.感激做某事avoiddoingsth.避免做某事considerdoingsth.考慮做某事delaydoingsth.推遲做某事denydoingsth.否認做某事discussdoingsth.討論做某事dislikedoingsth.不喜歡做某事enjoydoingsth.喜愛做某事escapedoingsth.逃脫做某事excusedoingsth.原諒做某事fancydoingsth.設(shè)想做某事finishdoingsth.完成做某事forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事forgivedoingsth.原諒做某事giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事imaginedoingsth.想象做某事keepdoingsth.保持做某事mentiondoingsth.提及做某事minddoingsth.介意做某事missdoingsth.錯過做某事pardondoingsth.原諒做某事permitdoingsth.允許做某事practicedoingsth.練習做某事preventdoingsth.阻止做某事prohibitdoingsth.禁止做某事putoffdoingsth.推遲做某事reportdoingsth.報告做某事riskdoingsth.冒險做某事stopdoingsth.停止做某事suggestdoingsth.建議做某事understanddoingsth.理解做某事初中英語語法總結(jié)「篇三」remembertodosth.記住要做某事rememberdoingsth.記住曾做過某事forgettodosth.忘記要做某事forgetdoingsth.忘記曾做過某事regrettodosth.后悔(遺憾)要做某事regretdoingsth.后悔(遺憾)曾做過某事trytodosth.設(shè)法要做某事trydoingsth.做某事試試看有何效果meantodosth.打算做某事meandoingsth.意味著做某事canthelptodosth.不能幫助做某事canthelpdoingsth.禁不住做某事goontodosth.做完某事后接著做另一事goondoingsth.繼續(xù)做一直在做的事注：stoptodosth.與stopdoingsth.也不同，前者指停下來去做某事，后者指停止正在做的事，但stoptodosth.中的不定式不是賓語，是目的狀語。初中英語語法總結(jié)「篇四」二、初高中英語銜接專題一：名詞考點集匯，講解和訓練【名師點睛】一、名詞的數(shù)1．單數(shù)和復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞有單數(shù)和復數(shù)兩種形式。復數(shù)形式通常是在單數(shù)形式后加詞尾“-s”構(gòu)成，其主要變法如下：（1）一般情況在詞尾加-s，例如：book→books，girl→girls，boy→boys，pen→pens,doctor→doctors,boy→boys。（2）以s，x，ch，sh，結(jié)尾的詞加-es，例如：bus→buses，class→classesbox→boxes，watch→watches，brush→brushes。（3）以ce,se,ze,（d）ge結(jié)尾的名詞加s，例如：orange-oranges。（4）以輔音母加y結(jié)尾的詞變“y”為“i”再加-es,例如：city→cities,factory→factories,country→countries,family→families。但要注意的是以元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞的復數(shù)形式只加s，如：boy→boys,day→days。（5）以o結(jié)尾的詞多數(shù)都加-es。例如:hero→heroes，potato→potatoes，tomato→tomatoes,但詞末為兩個元音字母的詞只加-s。例如：zoo→zoos，radio→radios，還有某些外來詞也只加-s，例如：photo→photos，piano→pianos。（6）以f或fe結(jié)尾的詞，多數(shù)變f為v再加-es，例如：knife→knives，leaf→leaves,half→halves。復數(shù)詞尾s（或es）的讀音方法如下表所示。復數(shù)詞尾s（或es）的讀音方法情況讀法例詞在[p][t][k][f]等清輔音后[s]cups,hats,cakes在[s][z][t][d3][F]等音后[iz]glasses,pages,oranges,buses,watches,faces在[b][d][g][v]等濁輔音后[z]beds,dogs,cities,knives（7）少數(shù)名詞有不規(guī)則的復數(shù)形式，例如：man→men，woman→women，tooth→teeth，foot→feet，child→children，mouse→mice?！咀⒁狻颗cman和woman構(gòu)成的合成詞，其復數(shù)形式也是-men和-women。例如：anEnglishman，twoEnglishmen。但German不是合成詞，故復數(shù)形式為Germans；man,woman等作定語時，它的單復數(shù)以其所修飾的名詞的單復數(shù)而定，如：menworkers，womenteachers。有個別名詞單復數(shù)一樣，例如：Chinese，Japanese，sheep，deer，fish等。但當fish表示不同種類的魚時，可以加復數(shù)詞尾。（8）單數(shù)形式但其意為復數(shù)的名詞有：people,police等。（9）數(shù)詞+名詞作定語時，這個名詞一般保留單數(shù)形式，中間加連字符。例如an8-year-oldgirl,aten-milewalk。（10）還有些名詞僅有復數(shù)形式，如：trousers，clothes，chopsticks，glasses，goods，ashes，scissors，compasses。（11）只用作單數(shù)的復數(shù)形式的名詞有：科學名詞：physics,mathematics/maths游戲名稱：bowls專有名詞：theUnitedStates,NiagaraFalls其他名詞：news,falls2．不可數(shù)名詞“量”的表示方法在英語中，不可數(shù)名詞如果要表示“量的概念”，可以用以下兩種方法：（1）用much,alittle,alotof/lotsof,some,any等表示多少，例如：Therichmanhasalotofmoney．Thereissomemilkinthebottle．Isthereanywaterintheglass？Idontlikewinterbecausetherestoomuchsnowandice．（2）用apieceof這類定語，例如：apieceofpaperapieceofwoodapieceofbreadabottleoforangeaglassofwater（milk）acupofteaacupofteaabagofricethreebagsofrice如果要表示“兩杯茶”、“四張紙”這類概念時，在容器后加復數(shù)，例如：twocupsofteafourpiecesofpaperthreeglassesofwater不可數(shù)名詞也可用alotof,lotsof,some,any,much等來修飾。二、名詞的所有格名詞所有格，用來表示人或物的所有，以及領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系。1.表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數(shù)形式是加s,其復數(shù)形式是s，例如：astudentsroom,studentsrooms,fathersshoes。2.如其結(jié)尾不是s的復數(shù)形式仍加s，如：ChildrensDay。3.在表示時間、距離、長度、重量、價格、世界、國家等名詞的所有格要用s，例如：atwentyminuteswalk，tenmilesjourney，aboatslength，twopoundsweight,tendollarsworth。4.無生命名詞的所有格則必須用of結(jié)構(gòu)，例如：amapofChina，theendofthisterm，thecapitalofourcountry,thecoloroftheflowers。5.雙重所有格，例如：afriendofmyfathers?！咀⒁狻咳绻麅蓚€名詞并列，并且分別有s，則表示“分別有”，例如：JohnsandMarysrooms（約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間）；TomsandMarysbikes（兩人各自的自行車）。兩個名詞并列，只有一個s，則表示“共有”，例如：JohnandMarysroom（約翰和瑪麗共有一間）；TomandMarysmother（即Tom與Mary是兄妹）。【演練】1．Wherehaveyoubeen,Tim?Ivebeento______。A.theHenryhouseB.theHenryfamilyC.TheHenryshomeD.Henrys2．InEngland,if____isinthemiddleoftheday,theeveningmealiscalledsupper。A.foodB.lunchC.breakfastD.dinner3．Youlookedforittwice,butyouhaventfoundit.Whynottry____。A.threetimesB.athirdtimeC.thethirdtimeD.once4．Theyarethirsty.Willyoupleasegivethem______?Certainly。A.somebottlesofwatersB.somebottlesofwaterC.somebottleofwaterD.somebottleofwaters5．Mikehurtoneofhis______intheaccidentyesterday。A.toothB.feetC.handD.ear6．Thereissome_______ontheplate。A.cakesB.meatC.potatoD.pears7．InEngland,thelastnameisthe_______。A.familynameB.middleC.givennameD.fullname8．Theyaregoingtofly_______toBeijing。A.GermenB.GermanyC.GermanysD.Germans9．The______hastwo_______。A.boys;watchesB.boy;watchC.boy;watchesD.boys;watch10．Thelittlebabyhastwo_______already。A.toothB.toothsC.teethD.teeths11．Whatsyour_______forbeinglateagain?A.ideaB.keyC.excuseD.news12．Itsdangeroushere.Wedbettergooutquickly。ButIthinkweshouldlet_______gooutfirst。A.womanandchildrenB.womenandchildC.womanandchildD.womenandchildren13．YoucanseeMr.Smithifthereisasign“_______”onthedoorofhisshop。Thanks。A.ENTRANCEB.BUSINESSHOURSC.THISSIDEUPD.NOSMOKING14．Aretheygoingtohaveapicnicon_______?A.ChildrensDayB.ChildrenssDayC.ChildrensDayD.ChildrenDay15．Wherearethestudents?Aretheyin_______?A.theRoom406B.Room406C.the406RoomD.406Room【練習答案】1.D2.B3.B4.B5.B6.B7.A8.D9.C10.C11.C12.D13.B14.A15.B專題二：形容詞、副詞考點集匯，講解和訓練【名師點睛】1.形容詞的用法(1)形容詞在句中作定語,表語,賓語補足語。例如：Ourcountryisabeautifulcountry.（作定語）Thefishwentbad.（作表語）Wekeepourclassroomcleanandtidy.（作賓語補足語）(2)形容詞修飾something,anything,nothing,everything等不定代詞時,形容詞放在名詞后面。Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.Isthereanythinginterestinginthefilm.(3)用and或or連接起來的兩個形容詞作定語時一般把它們放在被修飾的名詞后面。起進一步解釋的作用。Everybody,manandwoman,oldandyoung,shouldattendthemeeting.Youcantakeanyboxaway,bigorsmall.(4)the＋形容詞表示一類人或物Therichshouldhelpthepoor。2.副詞的用法(1)副詞在句中可作狀語,表語和定語。Hestudiesveryhard.（作狀語）Lifehereisfullofjoy.（作定語）Whenwillyoubeback?（作表語）副詞按其用途和含義可分為下面五類：1)時間副詞時間副詞通常用來表示動作的時間。常見的時間副詞有：nowtoday,tomorrow,yesterday,before,late,early,never,seldom,sometimes,often,usually,always等。例如：Heoftencomestoschoollate。Whatarewegoingtodotomorrow?HeisneverbeentoBeijing。2)地點副詞地點副詞通常用來表示動作發(fā)生的地點。常見的地點副詞有：here,there,inside,outside,home,upstairs,downstairs,anywhere,everywhere,nowhere,somewhere,down,up,off,on,in,out等。例如：Imetanoldfriendofmineonmywayhome。Hewentupstairs。Putdownyournamehere。3)方式副詞方式副詞一般都是回答“怎樣的？”這類問題的，其中絕大部分都是由一個形容詞加詞尾-ly構(gòu)成的,有少數(shù)方式副詞不帶詞尾-ly,它們與形容詞同形。常見的方式副詞有：anxiously,badly,bravely,calmly,carefully,proudly,rapidly,suddenly,successfully,angrily,happily,slowly,warmly,well,fast,slow,quick,hard,alone,high,straight,wide等。例如：Theoldmanwalkedhomeslowly。Pleaselistentotheteachercarefully。Thebirdsareflyinghigh。Herunsveryfast。4)程度副詞程度副詞多數(shù)用來修飾形容詞和副詞，有少數(shù)用來修飾動詞或介詞短語。常見的程度副詞有：much,(a)little,abit,very,so,too,enough,quite,rather,pretty,greatly,completely,nearly,almost,deeply,hardly,partly等。例如：Herpronunciationisverygood。Shesingsquitewell。Icanhardlyagreewithyou。5)疑問副詞是用來引導特殊疑問句的副詞。常見的疑問副詞有：how,when,where,why等。例如：Howareyougettingalongwithyourstudies?Wherewereyouyesterday?Whydidyoudothat?(2)副詞在句中的位置1)多數(shù)副詞作狀語時放在動詞之后。如果動詞帶有賓語，則放在賓語之后。例如：MrSmithworksveryhard。ShespeaksEnglishwell。2)頻度副詞作狀語時，通常放在行為動詞之前，情態(tài)動詞，助動詞和be動詞之后。例如：識急硎盡耙病保但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：Shecandance,andIcandance,too。Ihaventreadthebookandmybrotherhasnteither。3)already,yetalready一般用于語肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：Hehasalreadyleft。Haveyouheardfromhimyet?Hehasntansweredyet。4)so,neitherso和neither都可用于倒裝句，但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。例如：MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI。Mybrotherdoesntli7?br>1)very,much這兩個副詞都可表示“很”，但用法不同。Very用來修飾形容詞和副詞的原級，而much用來修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級。例如：SheisaverynicegirlImfeelingmuchbetternow。Much可以修飾動詞，而very則不能。例如：Idontliketheideamuch。Theydidnottalkmuch。2)too,either這兩個副詞都表示“也”，但too用于肯定句，either用于否定句。例如：Shecandance,andIcandance,too。Ihaventreadthebookandmybrotherhasnteither。3)already,yetalready一般用于語肯定句，yet一般用于否定句。例如：Hehasalreadyleft。Haveyouheardfromhimyet?Hehasntansweredyet。4)so,neitherso和neither都可用于倒裝句，但so表示肯定，neither表示否定。例如：MybrotherlikesfootballandsodoI。MybrotherdoesntlikedancingandneitherdoI。3.形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級(1)兩個人或事物的比較時（不一定每一方只有一個人或一個事物），用比較級。Ourteacheristallerthanweare.Theboysinherclassaretallerthantheboysinyourclass。(2)most同形容詞連用而不用the,表示"極,很,非常,十分"。Itsmostdangeroustobehere.在這兒太危險。(3)“The+形容詞比較級,the+形容詞比較級,”表示“越,就越,”。Themoreyoustudy,themoreyouknow.(4)“形容詞比較級+and+形容詞比較級”,表示“越來越.”。Itsgettinghotterandhotter.(5)主語+謂語(系動詞)+as+形容詞原形+as+從句。表示兩者對比相同。Thisboxisasbigasmine.(6)the+形容詞，表示某種人。Healwayshelpsthepoor.(7)形容詞和副詞最高級用于三個或三個以上的人和物進行比較。ShanghaiisoneofthebiggestcitiesinChina?！狙菥殹?．Therearemanyyoungtreesonsidesoftheroad。A.everyB.eachC.bothD.all2．Itssocoldtoday。Yes,itsthanitwasyesterday。A.morecoldB.morecolderC.muchcolderD.cold3．LittleTomhasfriends,soheoftenplaysalone。A.moreB.alittleC.manyD.few4．Sheisntsoatmathsasyouare。A.wellB.goodC.betterD.best5．Peterwritesofthethree。A.betterB.bestC.goodD.well6．Heisenoughtocarrytheheavybox。A.strongerB.muchstrongerC.strongD.thestrongest7．Iboughtexercise-bookswithmoney。A.afew;afewB.afew;alittleC.alittle;afewD.alittle;alittle8．Theboxisheavyforthegirlcarry。A.too;toB.to;tooC.so;thatD.no;to9．Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter.Itsstrongenoughtoskateon。A.longB.highC.thickD.wide10．WuLinranfasterthantheotherboysinthesportsmeeting。A.soB.muchC.veryD.too11.Jonelooksso_______todaybecauseshehasgotan“A”inhermathstest。A.happyB.happilyC.angryD.angrily12.Thesmileonmyfathersfaceshowedthathewas______withme。A.sadB.pleasedC.angryD.sorry13.Mum,couldyoubuymeadresslikethis?Certainly,wecanbuy______onethanthis,but______this。A.abetter;betterthanB.aworse;asgoodasC.acheaper;asgoodasD.amoreimportant;goodas14.Thisdigitalcameraisreallycheap！The______thebetter.Imshortofmoney,yousee。A.cheapB.cheaperC.expensiveD.moreexpensive15.IfyouwanttolearnEnglishwell,youmustuseitas_______aspossible。A.