2025屆中考英語復(fù)習(xí)寫作培優(yōu)冊（外研版廣西專用）02-二、改錯潤色技巧講練

第一部分

書面表達(dá)提分講練二、改錯潤色技巧講練

書面表達(dá)答案的多樣性和評分的靈活性是其顯著特點(diǎn)。在撰寫作文時，首要任務(wù)是確保所寫內(nèi)容嚴(yán)格遵循題目要求。細(xì)節(jié)的失誤往往是書面表達(dá)中常見的扣分因素。因此，學(xué)生在完成作文后，應(yīng)進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的校對和潤色，重點(diǎn)檢查并糾正可能存在的差錯，以避免不必要的扣分。以下是在作文完成后，學(xué)生應(yīng)著重排查的錯誤類型：類型1

語法錯誤1.檢查句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否正確：英語句子必須符合六大句型或其他特殊句式結(jié)構(gòu)，如祈使句等。缺主干成分是比較嚴(yán)重的語法錯誤，寫作時，應(yīng)確保句子主干成分正確、完整【句子成分和簡單句六大基本句型見課堂精講冊P97】。如：The

environment

in

our

school

is

become

better

and

better.（×，出現(xiàn)了兩個謂語動詞，不符合英語的語法習(xí)慣,應(yīng)將become改為becoming）2.檢查詞性使用是否正確。如：Bob

thinks

helping

others

can

bring

him

happy.（×，bringhim后接名詞，happy是形容詞，happy應(yīng)改為happiness）3.名詞使用注意事項(xiàng)：不可數(shù)名詞無復(fù)數(shù)形式、可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式不能單獨(dú)出現(xiàn)（可以出現(xiàn)的形式：可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)；a/an/the/其他修飾詞+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)/復(fù)數(shù)）、上下文形式應(yīng)一致等。如：What

a

nice

weather

we

are

having

today!（×，weather是不可數(shù)名詞，前面不能用冠詞a）4.動詞使用注意事項(xiàng)：不同語境下，應(yīng)注意使用正確形式，動詞與主語在人稱和數(shù)上應(yīng)保持一致。如：When

Li

Hua

sees

these

plastic

bottles,

he

picked

them

up.（×，表示過去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過去時，應(yīng)將sees改為saw）5.情態(tài)動詞使用注意事項(xiàng)：情態(tài)動詞后跟動詞原形。如：The

boy

can

sings

very

well.（×，can后接動詞原形）

動詞的使用最為復(fù)雜，考生在檢查時，應(yīng)注意時態(tài)、語態(tài)、詞形、及物動詞/不及物動詞、實(shí)義動詞/連系動詞、瞬間動詞、延續(xù)性動詞、謂語動詞/非謂語動詞的正確使用【動詞系統(tǒng)知識講解見課堂精講冊P106】6.形容詞/副詞使用注意事項(xiàng)：辨明在句中所作成分，選用正確形式。如：I

always

finish

my

homework

careful.（×，作狀語，修飾動詞finish應(yīng)用副詞，應(yīng)將careful改為carefully）7.介詞使用注意事項(xiàng)：辨明各介詞的用法；辨明介詞to與動詞不定式to。如：Huang

Yuting

was

born

in

September

3,

2006,

in

Taizhou.（×，具體日期前用介詞on）8.連詞使用注意事項(xiàng)：根據(jù)語境使用正確的連詞。I

will

go

to

the

UK,

I

am

sure

I

will

have

a

good

time

there.（×，兩個完整的句子應(yīng)用連詞連接，表示遞進(jìn)用and）9.代詞使用注意事項(xiàng)：形式正確、語法正確、避免指代不清。如：Jack

and

Tom

are

good

friends

because

he

is

always

friendly.（×，he指代不清）Jack

and

Tom

are

good

friends

because

they

are

always

friendly

to

each

other.(√)10.冠詞使用注意事項(xiàng)：注意冠詞的缺失或多余、注意a，

an，

the用法的區(qū)別、注意冠詞的固定搭配。如：When

I

was

in

Liuzhou，

I

had

a

great

time

with

kind

girl.（×，girl是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，空前無限定詞，應(yīng)加冠詞a/the,a表示“一個”；the表示特指）11.數(shù)詞使用注意事項(xiàng)：基數(shù)詞與序數(shù)詞的正確使用、序數(shù)詞前必須加the/其他限定詞、概數(shù)詞是否加-s。如：Thousand

of

people

go

to

Chongqing

Zoo

to

celebrate

two

pandas’

birthday

on

July

22，

2024.（×，表示概數(shù)，后接of時，thousand需加-s）12.復(fù)合句使用注意事項(xiàng)：引導(dǎo)詞/連接詞使用正確、主謂一致、從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整。I

hope

what

you

can

enjoy

yourself

when

you

are

here.（×，賓語從句不缺成分，引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)用that）13.固定搭配使用注意事項(xiàng)：注意動詞、介詞等固定用法是否使用正確。如：He

suggested

to

go

there

on

his

bike.（×，suggestdoingsth.為suggest的固定用法，應(yīng)改為going）

語法錯誤的種類繁多，但在此僅列舉一些關(guān)鍵的注意事項(xiàng)和錯誤示例，以供參考。學(xué)生可結(jié)合課堂精講冊P97~P161內(nèi)容，扎實(shí)掌握初中階段的語法知識，并在實(shí)際的試題訓(xùn)練中加以應(yīng)用，以預(yù)防和糾正語法錯誤。技巧訓(xùn)練在使用錯誤的單詞下劃橫線，并將正確形式寫在句子后的橫線上。1.My

uncle

is

play

basketball

now.________playing2.Jane

often

fly

a

kite

with

her

classmates._____flies3.It’s

nice

for

you

to

help

me

with

my

English.___of4.There

are

some

restaurant

near

the

park.___________restaurants5.Dave

has

already

wrote

a

letter

to

his

mother.________written6.The

boy

is

real

a

smart

and

hard-working

student._______really7.Jenny

is

such

a

kind

and

helpful

person

that

we

all

like

she._____her8.His

six-year-old

daughter

wants

learn

to

ride

a

bike._________to

learn9.Tom

usually

goes

to

school

by

the

bike.________刪掉the10.I

fed

some

sheeps

this

morning._______sheep11.The

nurse

was

exciting

to

see

the

scientist

in

her

office.________excited12.I’m

not

sure

if

or

not

he

will

come

on

time._________whether13.It

is

much

cold

than

it

was

yesterday._______colder14.What

a

good

advice

it

is!_______刪掉a15.Country

music

sounds

beautiful

and

many

people

enjoy

to

listen

to

it._________listening16.September

is

the

nine

month

of

the

year.______ninth17.She

can

play

the

piano

and

she

can’t

play

it

well._____but18.To

my

surprised,

they

helped

me

find

my

lost

bike.________surprise19.You

can

keeps

this

book

for

14

days.______keep20.About

two

hundreds

people

come

to

the

National

Park

on

sunny

days._________hundred類型2

語意不通

語意不通錯誤通常指的是句子或段落在邏輯上不連貫，或者表達(dá)的意思不清晰，針對此類問題，學(xué)生應(yīng)注意語法結(jié)構(gòu)的正確運(yùn)用、詞匯的正確選擇。I’m

Li

Hua,

a

student

who

cares

for

the

school

environment.（×，caresfor表示“照顧”，用在這里語意不通，可改為caresabout）I’m

Li

Hua,

a

student

who

cares

about

the

school

environment.（√）技巧訓(xùn)練1.How

long

is

it

from

here

to

your

home?____far2.I

hurt

myself

when

I

played

basketball

the

day

after

yesterday.

_______before3.We

could

visit

the

happy

kids

in

the

hospital

to

cheer

them

up._____sick4.I

forgot

my

homework

at

home.

What

should

I

do?____left類型3

單詞拼寫錯誤、大小寫使用錯誤1.檢查寫作中的單詞拼寫，注意易混淆詞、同音詞、注意不規(guī)則變形形式。如：She

is

a

grate

singer.（grate錯誤單詞，應(yīng)改為great）2.注意大小寫的正確運(yùn)用，以下為常見的需要大寫首字母的情況：（1）專有名詞：人名、地名、機(jī)構(gòu)名等專有名詞的首字母需要大寫。（2）句首單詞：每個句子的第一個單詞的首字母需要大寫。（3）縮寫：縮寫詞的每個字母通常都大寫，如the

USA（美國）。（4）代詞：I（我）是唯一需要始終大寫的代詞。（5）月份和星期：月份和星期的名稱首字母需要大寫，如：January（一月），

Monday（星期一）。技巧訓(xùn)練1.I

have

already

read

three

of

the

English

noevls._______novels2.take

the

medicine

and

rest

for

a

few

days.______Take3.Tom

likes

tuesday

because

he

has

an

art

lesson

on

that

day.

_________Tuesday4.Neither

Tony

nor

Frank

likes

the

cd

very

much.

_____CD5.Don’t

eat

too

much

chocolate.

It

is

bad

for

your

toothes._______teeth類型4

標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號使用錯誤

以下為常見標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號的正確運(yùn)用：1.句號：用于結(jié)束陳述句，表示句子的結(jié)束。2.逗號：用于分隔列表中的項(xiàng)目、插入語、非限制性定語從句等。3.問號：用于結(jié)束疑問句（一般疑問句、特殊疑問句、選擇疑問句和反義疑問句）。4.感嘆號：用于感嘆句后，表達(dá)強(qiáng)烈的情感或驚訝。技巧訓(xùn)練1.Does

your

friend

like

salad.___?2.How

happy

the

children

are

in

the

garden.

__!3.I

have

many

hobbies,

such

as

singing、

dancing

and

drawing.__,4.Denise

has

gone

to

work，

She

will

be

back

at

five

o’clock.

__.類型5

母語干擾錯誤

中文的語法、詞匯或表達(dá)習(xí)慣會對英語使用產(chǎn)生干擾。在寫作中應(yīng)注意以下事項(xiàng)：1.注意語法結(jié)構(gòu)差異：My

school

not

far

from

my

home.（×，英語中完整的句子需要有謂語動詞/連系動詞，此處應(yīng)在not前加is）2.注意詞匯的正確選擇：I

think

the

price

of

this

car

is

very

expensive.（×，英語中表示價格昂貴，不能用expensive，修飾price要用high）3.注意語序：I

very

like

this

bike.（×，根據(jù)英語表達(dá)習(xí)慣，應(yīng)改為Ilikethisbikeverymuch.）技巧訓(xùn)練1.I

hate

the

crowded

traffic

on

weekends._______heavy2.Betty

is

fifteen

years

old.

She

is

enough

old

to

look

after

herself.____________old

enough3.Enjoy

reading

books,

children!

You

can

study

more

knowledge.________get/gain4.The

animals

in

the

cartoon

strong

and

they

have

really

big

noses.___________are

strong綜合訓(xùn)練閱讀短文，從短文中找出錯誤并修改，每篇短文中有10個錯誤。Passage

1

Two

students

were

asked

to

meet

the

teacher

through

a

forest.

There

were

two

path.

One

was

short

and

easy,

and

the

other

was

full

of

fallen

trees.

The

first

student

choosesthe

easy

path.

He

thought

he

was

so

clever

that

he

could

walk

through

1.______________path改為paths2._________________chooses改為chosewith

any

difficulty.

He

certainly

finished

first

and

enjoyed

himself.

The

second

student

decided

to

spend

time

jump.

.

over

the

fallen

trees

in

his

path.

After

arriving

at

the

finishing

line,

he

felt

tiring

and

regretted

choosing

that

path.

The

teacher

nodded

and

smiled

at

all.

.

of

them.

He

asked

them

to

get

prize

by

a

stream

three

days

later.

3.________________4._________________with改為withoutjump改為jumping5._______________6._________________

tiring改為tiredall改為both7.___________prize前加aWhile

the

students

arrived,

they

found

they

needed

to

jump

over

the

stream.

It

was

a

few

meters

widely.

The

teacher

said,

“Everything

you

have

done

till

now

will

be

preparing

well

for

this

moment.

This

jump

will

help

you

become

better.”

The

second

student

made

it

at

last.8._____________________While改為When/Afterwidely改為wide10.______________________preparing改為prepared9._______________Passage

2Dear

Molly,

I’ve

just

got

your

letter

with

the

picture

of

you

riding

your

bike.

I

can

tell

how

much

funny

you’re

having

from

the

smile

on

your

face.

I

still

remember

that

time

when

you

couldn’t

hardly

ride

a

bicycle.

You’ve

come

a

long

way!

Now

here’re

some

new

suggestion.

I’m

sure

you’re

a

good

rider.

So

it

is

1.______________funny改為fun2._________________couldn’t改為could3.________________________suggestion改為suggestions4.___________So改為Butdangerous

to

ride

without

a

helmet

（頭盔）.

So

please

get

you

a

helmet.

Wearing

a

helmet

when

you

ride

a

bike

is

as

important

as

wear

your

seat

belt

when

you

are

in

a

car.

I

not

a

bossy

know-it-all.

I

just

don’t

want

that

smile

to

be

took

away

from

your

face.

When

you

visit

me

in

this

summer,

bring

your

bike

and

helmet.

we’ll

take

some

great

rides

together!Yours,Dora5.________________you改為yourself6._________________wear改為wearing7.___________not前加am8.______________took改為taken9._______刪掉in10.___________we改為WePassage

3

Hi!

I’m

Lin

Tao.

When

I

was

a

little

boy,

I

learned

some

rule.

I

will

never

forget

a

first

class

in

my

primary

school.

All

of

us

entered

our

classroom.

The

teacher

said

hello

to

us

with

a

smil