02 雅萬(wàn)高鐵以實(shí)力彰顯“中國(guó)名片”魅力-2023年中考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)材料題型專練

02雅萬(wàn)高鐵以實(shí)力彰顯“中國(guó)名片”魅力2023年中考英語(yǔ)熱點(diǎn)材料題型專練背景材料：雅萬(wàn)高鐵以實(shí)力彰顯“中國(guó)名片”魅力來(lái)源：西安網(wǎng)

時(shí)間：2022/12/0116:43

閱讀量：1269211月16日，在G20峰會(huì)上，印尼政府向全世界展示了雅萬(wàn)高鐵的建設(shè)成果。之后，中印尼兩國(guó)元首共同視頻觀摩了雅萬(wàn)高鐵的成功試驗(yàn)運(yùn)行。雅萬(wàn)高鐵是“一帶一路”倡議和中印尼兩國(guó)務(wù)實(shí)合作的標(biāo)志性項(xiàng)目，也是中國(guó)高鐵在海外落地的首個(gè)典范工程。(央視新聞客戶端11月28日)雅萬(wàn)高鐵是印度尼西亞乃至整個(gè)東南亞地區(qū)首條設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)速350公里的高速鐵路，連接首都雅加達(dá)和印尼第四大城市萬(wàn)隆，線路全長(zhǎng)142.3公里。雅萬(wàn)高鐵的建成將極大改善印尼交通，推動(dòng)印尼經(jīng)濟(jì)加速發(fā)展，更將向世界展現(xiàn)中國(guó)高鐵技術(shù)“硬核實(shí)力”和“一帶一路”倡議強(qiáng)大吸引力。雅萬(wàn)高鐵助力印尼經(jīng)濟(jì)加速發(fā)展。印尼是世界第四人口大國(guó)，全世界最大的群島國(guó)家，因地形因素限制，交通基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)缺口較大，雅萬(wàn)高鐵建成通車后，雅加達(dá)到萬(wàn)隆的出行時(shí)間將由現(xiàn)在的3個(gè)多小時(shí)縮短至40分鐘，將極大改善兩地交通，方便兩地人員的流動(dòng)往來(lái)和貨物流通，為沿線的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展帶來(lái)新機(jī)遇，更為沿線地區(qū)創(chuàng)造出更多就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì)，它的建成將有力助推印尼經(jīng)濟(jì)的加速發(fā)展，提升老百姓的幸福感和獲得感。雅萬(wàn)高鐵展現(xiàn)中國(guó)高鐵技術(shù)“硬核實(shí)力”。雅萬(wàn)高鐵是我國(guó)高鐵全系統(tǒng)、全要素、全生產(chǎn)鏈海外“第一單”，中國(guó)建設(shè)者們面對(duì)地形復(fù)雜，且多火山、多地震等極大不利地理?xiàng)l件，深入勘測(cè)、調(diào)研，不斷攻克技術(shù)難題，為雅萬(wàn)高鐵“量身定制”建設(shè)方案。在建設(shè)過(guò)程中，中國(guó)建設(shè)者們不畏艱難，先后有效解決了山川溝壑縱橫，巖層地質(zhì)復(fù)雜、抗震防下沉、爬坡提速等一系列施工難題，保障雅萬(wàn)高鐵建設(shè)高質(zhì)量高效率穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)，如期成功試驗(yàn)運(yùn)行，向世界展現(xiàn)了中國(guó)建設(shè)者攻堅(jiān)克難、勇往直前的寶貴品質(zhì)，以及中國(guó)高鐵先進(jìn)的建造技術(shù)和“走出去”的硬實(shí)力。雅萬(wàn)高鐵盡顯“一帶一路”倡議強(qiáng)大吸引力。雅萬(wàn)高鐵是“一帶一路”倡議和中印尼兩國(guó)務(wù)實(shí)合作的標(biāo)志性項(xiàng)目，對(duì)深化中印尼兩國(guó)經(jīng)貿(mào)合作和人文交流、促進(jìn)“一帶一路”合作具有十分重要的意義。雅萬(wàn)高鐵高質(zhì)量體現(xiàn)了“一帶一路”項(xiàng)目的效果，體現(xiàn)了“一帶一路”所倡導(dǎo)的“共商、共建、共享”理念，以及和平合作、開(kāi)放包容、互學(xué)互鑒、互利共贏為核心的絲路精神。它的建成將在國(guó)際范圍內(nèi)起到極佳的示范作用，打造出互利共贏的典范和共同發(fā)展的樣板，向世界彰顯了“一帶一路”倡議的強(qiáng)大吸引力。雅萬(wàn)高鐵雅的建設(shè)再次擦亮了中國(guó)這張金光閃閃的“中國(guó)名片”。相信在新時(shí)代新征程上，中國(guó)高鐵將不斷地續(xù)寫(xiě)華章，成為各國(guó)信任的“世界高鐵”，更將讓“一帶一路”的朋友圈越擴(kuò)越大。(曾繁鯤)中國(guó)基建狂魔，中國(guó)高鐵熱點(diǎn)材料題型專練題目?jī)?nèi)容題型篇目?jī)?nèi)容閱讀理解A中美之間交通方式，特別是鐵路運(yùn)輸?shù)牟顒e閱讀理解B介紹拉薩—林芝鐵路閱讀理解C中國(guó)高鐵上的一些高科技閱讀理解D中老鐵路正式通車的新聞以及它給老撾帶來(lái)的發(fā)展閱讀理解E了21世紀(jì)偉大的工程奇跡之一——青藏鐵路閱讀理解F京張高鐵閱讀理解G講述青藏鐵路的修建歷程和對(duì)人們交通出行的影響閱讀理解H從四川省會(huì)成都火車站出發(fā)，開(kāi)往毗鄰的貴州省遵義市的旅游列車“熊貓列車”。閱讀填表高鐵讓安家莊從過(guò)去一個(gè)安靜的小村莊變成了現(xiàn)在的現(xiàn)代都市多任務(wù)混合閱讀介紹重慶的穿城輕軌一、閱讀理解AInChina,travelingbytrainisacommonwaytovisitnewplacesandgobacktoone’shometownduringholidays.ButintheUS,travelingbytrainisalmostanancienttradition,thoughitwasn’talwaysthatway.

TheUSrailwaysystem(系統(tǒng))startedtogrowin1828,withmanyrailwaycompanies(公司)startingupandcompeting(競(jìng)爭(zhēng))witheachothertobuildnewrailwayroutes(路線).Trainsbecameasymbolofprogress,withNewYorkCity’sGrandCentralStationbecominganimportantculturallandmark(地標(biāo)).Musiciansevenwrotesongsabouttrains,suchasJohnnyCash’s“FolsomPrisonBlues”.

Butfinally,intheUS,railwayswerereplacedbyhighways(公路).Chinawouldgoontoadopt(采用)trainsevenmorequicklyandwidelythantheUS.China’srailwaynetwork(鐵路網(wǎng))connects(連接)thewholecountry,allowingpeopletotraveleasily.ThisisespeciallyobviousduringchunyunwhenChina’strainstationsarecrowdedwiththousandsofpeoplewhoaretryingtogethome.

IhadnevertraveledbytrainuntilImovedtoChina.MyfirsttripbytrainwasfromBeijingtoTianjinbyhigh-speedtrain.ItwasamazinghowquicklyIcouldgetthere—justhalfanhour.Sincethen,I’vetakenthetraintolotsofothercities—Shanghai,ChongqingandShenzhen,tonameafew.It’salwaysagoodtime.Peopleonthetrainusuallyarefriendlyandhappytochat.Andforsomereasons,instantnoodles(方便面)tastebetteronthetrainthantheydoanywhereelse.1．WhendidtherailwaysystembegintogrowintheUS?A．About20yearsago. B．About90yearsago.C．About190yearsago. D．About260yearsago.2．WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutChina’srailwaysystem?A．Railwayshavebeenreplacedbyhighways.B．Thereisnoneedtoaddnewroutestotherailwaynetwork.C．PeoplecantraveleasilybytraininChina.D．It’simpossibleforpeopletotravelbytrainduringchunyun.3．Theauthor’sfirsttripbytrainwas________.A．fromBeijingtoTianjin B．fromBeijingtoShanghaiC．fromBeijingtoChongqing D．fromBeijingtoShenzhen4．Whatdoestheword“obvious”mean?A．明顯的 B．乏味的 C．明白的 D．平淡無(wú)奇的5．Whatcanweinfer(推斷)fromthestory?A．MusiciansintheUSprefertotravelbytrain.B．TrainsdevelopedmorequicklyinChinathanintheUS.C．Peopleseldomtalktoeachotherontrains.D．Theauthor’sfavoritefoodisinstantnoodles.【短文大意】本文主要講述了中美之間交通方式，特別是鐵路運(yùn)輸?shù)牟顒e?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】C【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TheUSrailwaysystem(系統(tǒng))startedtogrowin1828”可知美國(guó)鐵路系統(tǒng)在1828年開(kāi)始發(fā)展，也就是大約190年前，故選C。2．【答案】C【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MyfirsttripbytrainwasfromBeijingtoTianjinbyhigh-speedtrain.ItwasamazinghowquicklyIcouldgetthere—justhalfanhour.”可知在中國(guó)人們乘火車旅行很方便。故選C。3．【答案】A【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“MyfirsttripbytrainwasfromBeijingtoTianjinbyhigh-speedtrain.”可知作者的第一次火車旅行是從北京到天津，故選A。4．【答案】A【理解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“China’srailwaynetwork(鐵路網(wǎng))connects(連接)thewholecountry,allowingpeopletotraveleasily.”（中國(guó)的鐵路網(wǎng)連接全國(guó)，使人們旅行方便。）可推知此句表示“這在春運(yùn)期間尤為明顯”，故選A。5．【答案】B【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Chinawouldgoontoadopt(采用)trainsevenmorequicklyandwidelythantheUS.”可知中國(guó)的火車發(fā)展比美國(guó)快。故選B。BTheFuxingtrainhasstartedrunninginsouthwestChina’sTibetalongtheLhasa—NyingchiRailway(拉薩—林芝鐵路).The435-kilometerrailwaylinksLhasaandNyingchi.ItisChina’sfirstelectrified(電氣化的)railroadonthe“RoofoftheWorld”.ItshortensthejourneybetweenLhasaandNyingchifromoverfivehourstoabout3.5hours.Thenewrailwaycoversanareaof226,000squarekilometers.Itgoesthrough47tunnels(隧道)andcrosses121bridges.Thetrainhasatopspeedof160kilometersperhour.Itisthefastesttrainonthehighland,butit’sabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountrybecauseofthespecialenvironment.Therailwaynotonlymakeslocalpeople’slifeeasier,butalsobringsmoretouriststothearea.“Therailwaytripissorelaxingandfast.Thenewtrainhasbroughtourfamilymemberscloserthaneverbefore,”saidateacherwholivesinNyingchi.SheusedtodrivemorethanfivehoursfromNyingchitoLhasatovisitherparentsduringthesummervacation.Besidescarryingpassengers,therailwayalsoprovidesgoodchancesforfarmerstoselllocalproductstomoreplaces.It’ssuretoputnewenergyintoTibet’seconomic(經(jīng)濟(jì)的)development.1．HowmanyhoursdoesthejourneytakebetweenLhasaandNyingchibyFuxingtrain?A．About5hours. B．About4hours. C．About3.5hours. D．About1.5hours.2．What’sthetopspeedofFuxingtrainfromLhasatoNyingchi?A．160kilometersperhour. B．121kilometersperhour.C．47kilometersperhour. D．160metersperhour.3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shortens”meaninChinese?A．克扣 B．下降 C．縮短 D．缺少4．What’sspecialabouttheLhasa—NyingchiRailway?A．Itcoversalargearea.B．Itcancarrypassengers.C．Thetraingoesthroughlotsoftunnelsandbridges.D．It’sChina’sfirstelectrifiedrailwayonthe“RoofoftheWorld”.5．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Therailwaytripisnotrelaxingorfast.B．Therailwaydoesnotbringmoretouriststothearea.C．Thetraingoesthrough121tunnelsand47bridges.D．It’sabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountry.【短文大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹拉薩—林芝鐵路的相關(guān)信息?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】C【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItshortensthejourneybetweenLhasaandNyingchifromoverfivehourstoabout3.5hours.”可知，它將拉薩和林芝之間的路程從5個(gè)多小時(shí)縮短到約3.5小時(shí)。所以是3.5小時(shí)，故選C。2．【答案】A【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thetrainhasatopspeedof160kilometersperhour.”可知，這列火車的最高時(shí)速為160公里。故選A。3．【答案】C【理解】詞句猜測(cè)題。分析“ItshortensthejourneybetweenLhasaandNyingchifromoverfivehourstoabout3.5hours.”可知，它將拉薩和林芝之間的路程從5個(gè)多小時(shí)縮短到約3.5小時(shí)。所以shortens的意思是“縮短”，故選C。4．【答案】D【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItisChina’sfirstelectrified(電氣化的)railroadonthe‘RoofoftheWorld’.”可知，它是中國(guó)第一條在“世界屋脊”上的電氣化鐵路。故選D。5．【答案】D【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Itisthefastesttrainonthehighland,butit’sabitslowerthansomeotherFuxingtrainsinourcountrybecauseofthespecialenvironment.”可知，它是高原上最快的火車，但由于特殊的環(huán)境，它比我們國(guó)家的一些其他復(fù)興列車要慢一些。故選D。CHaveyouheardoftheBeijing-Zhangjiakouhigh-speedrailway,whichplayedanimportantpartinservingBeijingWinterOlympicGames?ItconnectsBeijing,YanqingandChongli,thethreemainhostingplacestogether.ItshortensthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandChongli,frommorethanthreehourstojustonehour.YanqingandChonglihostallski-related(相關(guān)的)events.Duringpeakseason,thousandsofpassengerstaketherailwayeverydaytoskiinChongli.Ifyoulike,trytoexperiencethehi-techtrainandenjoyatravelinstyle.SmartoperationsSomeofthetrainsalongtheBeijing-Zhangjiakourailwaylinearesmartenoughtodrivebythemselves!Theycanalsoopenandclosethedoorsautomatically(自動(dòng)地).Thereareover2,700sensorscheckingifthetrainisrunningsmoothly.Mostimportantly,thetrainscanrunintemperaturesaslowas-40℃.WatchonthewaySomecarriageshavelargescreens.5Gtechnologyisusedtobroadcast

(播送)gameslive.Soifyoudon’twanttomissanyofthegamesduringyourtrip,noneedtoworry!Mediaworkerscanalsowritenewsreportsbasedonthelivebroadcastwhentheyareonthetrain.NolostbagsAsmallsmartcardwillbetiedtoyourluggage

(行李).ConnectedtoyourphonethroughBluetooth,itcantellyouwhereyourluggageis.Thiswayyoudon’tneedtoworryaboutlosingyourbags!SaferforbabiesSomecarriageshavebedsforbabies.Momsnolongerneedtoholdtheirbabiesintheirarms.Babiescanhaveasoundsleepduringthetrip.Thiswillalsogiveotherpassengersaquieterjourney.1．Fromtheinformationabove,weknow________.A．thetopspeedoftheBeijing-Zhangjiakoutrainis174km/hB．thetrainscanrunnormallyeveninatemperatureof-40℃C．ifyougoskiinginChongli,you’dbettergetoffthetrainatZhangjiakouStation2．Theover2,700sensorsareusedfor________.A．drivingthetrainbythemselvesB．openingthedoorsautomaticallyC．checkingifthetrainworkswell3．Peoplecanwatchthelivebroadcastonthetripmainlybecauseof________.A．largescreens B．5Gtechnology C．differentgames4．Youdon’tneedtoworryaboutyourluggagebecauseithas________.A．a(chǎn)smartcard B．Bluetooth C．a(chǎn)phone5．Theunderlinedphrase“asoundsleep”inthelastparagraphmeans“________”.A．a(chǎn)deepsleep B．a(chǎn)safesleep C．a(chǎn)lightsleep【短文大意】本文主要講述了中國(guó)高鐵上的一些高科技?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】B【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Mostimportantly,thetrainscanrunintemperaturesaslowas-40℃.”可知即使在零下40℃的氣溫下，列車也能正常運(yùn)行，故選B。2．【答案】C【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Thereareover2,700sensorscheckingifthetrainisrunningsmoothly.”可知超過(guò)2700個(gè)傳感器用于檢查列車是否運(yùn)行良好，故選C。3．【答案】B【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“5Gtechnologyisusedtobroadcast(播送)gameslive.”可知人們可以在旅途中觀看直播主要是因?yàn)?G技術(shù)。故選B。4．【答案】A【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Asmallsmartcardwillbetiedtoyourluggage(行李).ConnectedtoyourphonethroughBluetooth,itcantellyouwhereyourluggageis.Thiswayyoudon’tneedtoworryaboutlosingyourbags!”可知你不需要擔(dān)心你的行李，因?yàn)樗兄悄芸?，故選A。5．【答案】A【理解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)“Somecarriageshavebedsforbabies.Momsnolongerneedtoholdtheirbabiesintheirarms.Babiescanhaveasoundsleepduringthetrip.Thiswillalsogiveotherpassengersaquieterjourney.”可知有些車廂有嬰兒床。媽媽們不再需要把孩子抱在懷里。嬰兒也會(huì)睡個(gè)好覺(jué)，A“一次深度的睡眠”符合，故選A。DOnDecember3rd,2021,theChina—LaosRailway（中老鐵路）,startedrunning.Therailwayruns1,035kmlong,including422kminLaos.ItconnectsthecityofKunmingwithVientiane（萬(wàn)象）,largestcityandcapitalofLaos.TheChina—LaosRailwayisanotherexampleofthefriendlycooperation（合作）betweenChinaandothercountriesundertheBeltandRoadInitiative（一帶一路）.Withoutdoubt,thisroadwillbeagoldenlinewhichhasgreatinfluenceonthepeopleofbothcontries.SouphanhKeomixay,aformergovernmentleaderinLaos,saidtheChina—LaosRailwaycouldgivenewchancesforLaos.TheWorldBankreportedin2020thatatotalof3.7milliontonsofgoods（貨物）couldbetransported（運(yùn)輸）ontrainsby2030.Butinthepast,fewergoodsweretransported.TherailwaybringsgreatdevelopmentforLaos,too.Whentherailwaycomesintofullservice,itwillgreatlycutthecostoftransportationinthecountryandtherewillbemorevisitors,too.Andthepriceofgoodswhichcomesabroadcanbelower.For22-year-oldSida,aLaostaffmember,said,“Therailwayhasgivenmeagoodjob.NowIcansupportmyfamily.Atthesametime,itwillhelpLaosdevelopmorequickly.”Choosethebestchoiceaccordingtowhatyouread.1．TheChina—LaosRailwayconnectsthecityof________.A．VientianewithLaos B．ChinawithVientiane C．KunmingwithVientiane2．WhatdidSouphanhKeomixaysayabouttheChina—LaosRailway?________A．ItmadeLaopeopleupset.B．Itwasn’thelpfulatall.C．ItcouldgivenewchancesforLaos.3．Whentherailwaycomesintofullservice,therewillbemore________inLaos.A．doctors B．competitors C．visitors4．Accordingtothelastparagraph,Sidafelt________abouttheChina—LaosRailway.A．thankful B．a(chǎn)wful C．careful5．Wherecanwefindthepassage?________A．Inanovel. B．Inanewspaper. C．Inafilmmagazine.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了中老鐵路正式通車的新聞以及它給老撾帶來(lái)的發(fā)展。【答案解析】1．【答案】C【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItconnectsthecityofKunmingwithVientiane（萬(wàn)象）,largestcityandcapitalofLaos.”可知，它連接昆明市和老撾最大的城市和首都萬(wàn)象。故選C。2．【答案】C【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“SouphanhKeomixay,aformergovernmentleaderinLaos,saidtheChina—LaosRailwaycouldgivenewchancesforLaos”可知，老撾前政府領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人SouphanhKeomixay表示，中老鐵路可能會(huì)給老撾帶來(lái)新的機(jī)會(huì)。故選C。3．【答案】C【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whentherailwaycomesintofullservice,itwillgreatlycutthecostoftransportationinthecountryandtherewillbemorevisitors,too.Andthepriceofgoodswhichcomesabroadcanbelower.”可知，當(dāng)鐵路全面投入使用時(shí)，將大大降低國(guó)內(nèi)的運(yùn)輸成本，也會(huì)有更多的游客。出口到國(guó)外的商品價(jià)格可能更低。故選C。4．【答案】A【理解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“Therailwayhasgivenmeagoodjob.NowIcansupportmyfamily.Atthesametime,itwillhelpLaosdevelopmorequickly.”（鐵路部門(mén)給了我一份好工作?，F(xiàn)在我可以養(yǎng)家了。同時(shí)，也將幫助老撾更快發(fā)展）可知，Sida對(duì)“中老鐵路”是非常感恩的。故選A。5．【答案】B【理解】推理判斷題。通讀全文“OnDecember3rd,2021,theChina—LaosRailway（中老鐵路）,startedrunning.Therailwayruns1,035kmlong,including422kminLaos.”及全文可知，本文主要介紹了中老鐵路正式通車的新聞以及它給老撾帶來(lái)的發(fā)展，所以我們可以在報(bào)紙上看到這篇文章。故選B。EAllaboard!Let’stakearideontheworld’shighestrailway—theQinghai-TibetRailway（青藏鐵路）.Sitbackandenjoythejourney.Getreadyforthetripofalifetime.We’releavingQinghaiStation.ThesceneryalongthewayissomeofthewildestinallofChina.Keepyoureyesopenasweracethroughthisbeautifulland.YoumightseearareTibetanantelope（藏羚羊）fromyourwindow.Beforewebeginourjourney,let’slearnaboutthisamazingrailway.It’strulyoneofthegreatengineeringwondersofthe21stcentury.WhenitwascompletedonJuly1,2006,theTibetRailwaysetnineworldrecords,includingtheworld’shighestrailwayat5,072metresabovesealevel,theworld’shighesttunnel（隧道）at4,905metres,andthelongesttunneleverbuiltonpermafrost（凍土）.Aswetravelhigher,theairgetsthinnerandthinner.Soontherewillonlybe50to60percentoftheoxygenwhichweareusedtobreathing.Butdon’tbeafraid.Eachrailcarhastwoseparateoxygensystems.Onesystemspreadsoxygenthroughoutthetrainatalltimes.Andeachpassengercanalsogetapersonaloxygenmaskjustlikethoseusedinplanes.Hereareafewmorethingstothinkaboutasourtrainleavesthestation.Thedesignerssolvedthreemainchallengeswhenbuildingthisgreatrailway.First,thehighaltitude（海拔）madethetaskdifficultbecausetherewasnoenoughoxygen.Second,muchoftherailwayrunsacrosspermafrost,atypeofgroundthatkeepschangingastheweatherwarmsandcools.Finally,therailwaygoesthroughsomeofthemostsensitiveecology（敏感的生態(tài)環(huán)境）inChina.Greatcarewasnecessarytomakesureofthesmallestpossibleinfluenceonnature.Allthreechallengesweremet,makingourtrippossible.Allaboard!ThetraintoTibetisleavinginfifteenminutes.1．Wherearethepassengers?A．Onabus. B．Onatrain. C．Onaship. D．Onaplane.2．Howdoesthetextshowtherailwayisamazinginparagraph3?A．Bytellingastory. B．Byusingadesigner’swords.C．Byintroducingitsworldrecords. D．Bycomparingthepresentwiththepast.3．Howmanyoxygensystemsarethereineachrailcar?A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.4．Whichofthefollowingincreasedthedifficultyofbuildingtherailway?A．Thechangingground.B．Thepollutedair. C．Thedangerousanimals. D．Thehotweather.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了21世紀(jì)偉大的工程奇跡之一——青藏鐵路?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】B【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“We’releavingQinghaiStation.ThesceneryalongthewayissomeofthewildestinallofChina”可知，乘客現(xiàn)在在火車站，故選B。2．【答案】C【理解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)“WhenitwascompletedonJuly1,2006,theTibetRailwaysetnineworldrecords”以及“Thedesignerssolvedthreemainchallengeswhenbuildingthisgreatrailway.First...,Second,...Finally...”可知，第三段是通過(guò)介紹它的世界紀(jì)錄來(lái)展示它的驚人之處的，故選C。3．【答案】B【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Eachrailcarhastwoseparateoxygensystems”可知，每節(jié)車廂都有兩個(gè)獨(dú)立的氧氣系統(tǒng)，故選B。4．【答案】A【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“First,thehighaltitude（海拔）madethetaskdifficultbecausetherewasnoenoughoxygen”可知，高海拔使任務(wù)變得困難，因?yàn)闆](méi)有足夠的氧氣，故選A。FTheBeijing-Zhangjiakouhigh-speedrailwayTheBeijing-Zhangjiakouhigh-speedrailwayconnectsBeijing,YanqingandChongli,thethreemainhostingplaces,together.ItshortensthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandChongli,frommorethanthreehourstojustonehour.YanqingandChongliwillhostallski-relatedevents.Duringpeakseason,thousandsofpassengerstaketheBeijing-ZhangjiakourailwayeverydaytoskiinChongli.WhatisthetopspeedofthetrainfromBeijingtoZhangjiakou?A．High-speed. B．120km/h. C．350km/h. D．470km/h.2．HowmanystationsaretherebetweenBeijingNorthandZhangjiakouSouth?A．7. B．9. C．12. D．15.3．HowmanyhourshasitshortenedfromBeijingtoChongli?A．Morethanthreehours. B．Justonehour.C．Justtwohours. D．Morethantwohours.【短文大意】本文主要介紹了京張高鐵的基本信息。【答案解析】1．【答案】C【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖片中的信息可知，京張高鐵的時(shí)速是120km/h到350km/h之間，由此可知，京張高鐵的最高時(shí)速是350km/h。故選C。2．【答案】A【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖片信息和常識(shí)可知，北京北站和張家口南站之間，共有七站，分別是清河站、昌平站、八達(dá)嶺長(zhǎng)城站、東花園北站、懷來(lái)站、下花園北站、宣化北站。故選A。3．【答案】D【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ItshortensthetraveltimebetweenBeijingandChongli,frommorethanthreehourstojustonehour.”可知，京張高鐵使北京和崇禮之間的旅行時(shí)間從三個(gè)多小時(shí)縮短到一個(gè)小時(shí)，故時(shí)間縮短了兩個(gè)多小時(shí)。故選D。GTheQinghai-TibetRailwayisthefirstrailwayinTibet.Beforethen,peoplecouldhardlygetinandoutofTibet.TravelinginsideTibetwasdifficult,too.Peopleoftenwentfromonetowntoanotherbybus.Ittookalongtime.In1958,Chinabegantobuildtherailway.ItstartsinXiningofQinghaiandendsinLhasa.“It’samiracle（奇跡）tobuildarailwayabovetheclouds,”aFrenchnewspaperoncewroteabouttheQinghai-TibetRailway.Therailwayrunsacrossno-man’slandandclimbsupsnowymountains.FromQinghai’sGolmudtoLhasa,about550kilometersoftherailwayrunsonfrozenearth.Morethan100,000workersspentfiveyearsonbuildingthisrailway.In2006,therailwaywasfinallyready.NowmorepeoplevisitTibet.PeopleinTibetgetmorechancestotravel,too.ThetrainalsotakesthingsfromTibettotheworld.TherailwaybringspeopleinTibetahappierandricherlife.AnRongisatrainconductoronthisrailway.Shestartedtoworkonthetrainover10yearsago.IttakesherfourdaystofromXiningtoLhasaandback.“Thetripisniceandsafe.Theviewoutsidethewindowisbeautiful.Weprovideoxygen（氧氣）ineverycarriage（車廂）.Wealsohavedoctorsonthetrain,”shesays.1．TheQinghai-TibetRailwayisthe________railwayinTibet.A．first B．second C．third2．HowdidpeopleinTibetoftentravelfromonetowntoanother?A．Onfoot. B．Bybus. C．Bybike.3．Howlongdidittaketobuildtherailway?A．550days. B．5years. C．15months.4．WhendidAnRongstartedtoworkonthetrain?A．Morethanoneyearago. B．Morethanfouryearsago. C．Morethantenyearsago.5．WhatcanweknowfromAnRong’swords?A．Thetriponthetrainisboring.B．Peoplelovetotravelwithdoctors. C．Itmaybedifficulttobreathe（呼吸）onthetrain.【短文大意】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。文章講述青藏鐵路的修建歷程和對(duì)人們交通出行的影響。【答案解析】1．【答案】A【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“TheQinghai-TibetRailwayisthefirstrailwayinTibet”可知，青海到西藏鐵路線是西藏的第一條鐵路線。故選A。2．【答案】B【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Peopleoftenwentfromonetowntoanotherbybus”可知，人們經(jīng)常坐汽車從一個(gè)鎮(zhèn)到另一個(gè)鎮(zhèn)。故選B。3．【答案】B【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Morethan100,000workersspentfiveyearsonbuildingthisrailway.In2006,therailwaywasfinallyready”可知，修建鐵路花了5年時(shí)間。故選B。4．【答案】C【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“AnRongisatrainconductoronthisrailway.Shestartedtoworkonthetrainover10yearsago”可知，安榮10多年前開(kāi)始在火車上工作。故選C。5．【答案】C【理解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Weprovideoxygenineverycarriage.Wealsohavedoctorsonthetrain”可知，火車上每節(jié)車廂提供了氧氣，火車上也有醫(yī)生?？赏茢嘣诨疖嚿虾粑赡芎芾щy。C選項(xiàng)表述正確。故選C。HOnMarch28,China’sfirstpanda-themedtouristtrainleftChengduRailwayStationforZunyiinGuizhou.Passengersonitgettogoonathree-daytripintheneighboringprovince.Thepandatrainhas12carsanditcancarry252passengers(乘客).Unlikeothertrains,itcanbeahotel.Thecarshavebeentransformed(改造)intoroomsfortwoorfourpassengers.Thetrainalsohasarestaurant,akaraokebarandadancehallandeachroomhasawashroomwithatoiletandashower.ThebiggestinterestforpassengersfromChengdumightbeitsmahjong(麻將)room.Infact,Chengduisbetterknownforitsloveofmahjongthanitsotherthings,suchasthegiantpanda,SichuanOperaandSichuanfood.Chengdupeoplearcknownfortheirloveofnotonlymahjongbutalsothepanda.Itisnotsurprisingthatthepandatrainisdecorated(裝飾)withpicturesofgiantpandas.▲Thethree-daytripcosts1,280yuanforeachpassenger.Ithasfood,abedandentranceticketstoplacesofinterestinGuizhou.“Ifitshowstobeasuccess,thetrainmaytraveltootherpartsofthecountry,”saidZhongShu,anofficialfromChengduRailwayInternationalBusinessTravelGroup.1．Theunderlineword“it”inParagraph1refersto“_______”.A．thestation B．Chengdu C．Guizhou D．thetrain2．Accordingtothepassage,themostinterestingthingonthepanda-themedtouristtrainforChengdupeoplemightbe________.A．a(chǎn)mahjongroom B．a(chǎn)giantpanda C．SichuanOpera D．Sichuanfood3．Whichofthefollowingsentencescanbeputinthe▲?A．ThepicturesofpandaswanttoinvitepeopletovisitGuizhou.B．Passengerscaneventrypanda-shapedfoodattherestaurant.C．PassengerscanevencookSichuanfoodonthetrain.D．Thepicturesofpandascanbetheentrancetickets.4．Thepassagemainlywantstotellusthat________.A．passengersfromChengduwentonathree-daypandatraintripB．ChengduwasknownforitsloveformahjongandthegiantpandasC．China’sfirstpanda-themedtouristtrainleftChengduforGuizhouD．thepanda-themedtouristtraintravelledalloverChinasuccessfully【短文大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了從四川省會(huì)成都火車站出發(fā)，開(kāi)往毗鄰的貴州省遵義市的旅游列車“熊貓列車”?！敬鸢附馕觥?．【答案】D【理解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段中的“China’sfirstpanda-themedtouristtrainleftChengduRailwayStationforZunyiinGuizhou”和“Passengers”可推知，“it”指代的是“從成都開(kāi)往遵義的火車”，故選D。2．【答案】A【理解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“ThebiggestinterestforpassengersfromChengdumightbeitsmahjong(麻將)room”可知，對(duì)于成都人來(lái)說(shuō)“熊貓列車”最感興趣的事是有麻將房，故選A。3．【答案】B【理解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“Itisnotsurprisingthatthepandatrainisdecorated(裝飾)withpicturesofgiantpandas”和“Thethree-daytripcosts1,280yuanforeachpassenger”可知，空缺處應(yīng)該填的是和熊貓與乘客相關(guān)的內(nèi)容，選項(xiàng)B“乘客甚至可以在餐廳品嘗熊貓形狀的食物”最符合語(yǔ)境，故選B。4．【答案】C【理解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，文章主要介紹了從四川省會(huì)成都火車站出發(fā)，開(kāi)往毗鄰的貴州省遵義市的旅游列車“熊貓列車”。故選C。二、閱讀填表Anjiazhuangusedtobeaquietvillage.Butnow,ithasturnedintoamoderntown.Thisisallbecauseoftherailwaystation.Fiveyearsago,aboutthreehundredpeoplelivedinthisplace.Therewasasmallhillintheeastofthevillage.Aroundthehill,thereweresmalllakesandfarmland.Peoplegrewcropsforaliving.Childrenwenttoasmallprimaryschoolwith3grades.Thereweredirt(泥土)roadsconnecting(連接)thevillagetothetownabout5kilometresaway.Now,thehillisnolongerthere.Attheplaceofthehill,peoplebuilttherailwaystation.Thegovernmentpulleddownmostofthelowhousesandbuiltsomeresidential(住宅的)buildingsforthevillagers.Somehighwayswerebuilttoo.Andtheprimaryschoolisnolongerthere.Sincetherailwaystationwasbuilt,moreandmorefactorieshaveappeared(出現(xiàn)).Andmoreandmorepeoplehavefloodedintothisarea.Now,mostvillagersmakealivingbyworkinginthefactories.Theylivearicherlife.Butthechangeshavealsobroughtmanyproblems.Somepeoplecan’tgetusedtolivingintallbuildings.Andmorepeopleandmorefactoriesbringmorepollution.Astherearefewertrees,morewildanimalshavebeenawayfromthisarea.___1___ofAnjiazhuangAnjiazhuang’spast*Therewasahillwithlakesandfarmland__2___*Peoplemadealivingby___3___crops.*Childrenwenttoasmall___4___schoolwiththreegrades.*Dirtroadsconnectedthevillagetothetown.Anjiazhuang’s___5___*The___6___hasbecomearailwaystation.*Peopleliveinresidentialbuildings.*Highwaysconnecttheareatotheoutsideworld.*Thesmallprimaryschoolisn’tthere__7___longer.The__8___.Anjiazhuangfaces*Somelocalpeoplearenot___9___tolivingintallbuildings.*Thereismore____10_____andfewerwildanimals.【短文大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了安家莊這個(gè)地方的變化，從過(guò)去一個(gè)安靜的小村莊變成了現(xiàn)在的現(xiàn)代都市。【答案解析】1．【答案】Changes【理解】通讀全文，尤其根據(jù)文中“Anjiazhuangusedtobeaquietvillage.Butnow,ithasturnedintoamoderntown.”可知，本文主要介紹了安家莊這個(gè)地方的變化；句首首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Changes。2．【答案】around【理解】根據(jù)文中“Therewasasmallhillintheeastofthevillage.Aroundthehill,thereweresmalllakesandfarmland.”可知，有一座小山，周圍有湖泊和農(nóng)田。故填around。3．【答案】growing【理解】根據(jù)文中“Peoplegrewcropsforaliving.”可知，人們以種植莊稼為生。故填growing。4．【答案】primary【理解】根據(jù)文中“Childrenwenttoasmallprimaryschoolwith3grades.”可知，孩子們上一所有三個(gè)年級(jí)的小學(xué)。故填primary。5．【答案】present【理解】根據(jù)文中“Now,thehillisnolongerthere.Attheplaceofthehill,peoplebuilttherailwaystation.Thegovernmentpulleddownmostofthelowhousesandbuiltsomeresidential(住宅的)buildingsforthevillagers.Somehighwayswerebuilttoo.Andtheprimaryschoolisnolongerthere.”可知，是介紹了安家莊的現(xiàn)在。故填present。6．【答案】hill【理解】根據(jù)文中“Attheplaceofthehill,peoplebuilttherailwaystation.”可知，這座山已成為火車站。故填hill。7．【答案】any【理解】根據(jù)文中“Andtheprimaryschoolisnolongerthere.”可知，那所小小學(xué)已經(jīng)不在了；not…anylonger“不再”。故填any8．【答案】problems【理解】根據(jù)文中“Butthechangeshavealsobroughtmanyproblems.Somepeoplecan’tgetusedtolivingintallbuildings.Andmorepeopleandmorefactoriesbringmorepollution.Astherearefewertrees,morewildanimalshavebeenawayfromthisarea.”可知，是介紹安家莊面臨的問(wèn)題。故填problems。9．【答案】used【理解】根據(jù)文中“Somepeoplecan’tgetusedtolivingintallbuildings.”可知，一些當(dāng)?shù)厝瞬涣?xí)慣住在高樓里；beusedtodoingsth.“習(xí)慣干某事”。故填used。10．【答案】poll