河南省平頂山市2023-2024學年高二上學期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河南省平頂山市2023-2024學年高二上學期期末考試英語試題第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatistheoriginalpriceoftheconditioner?A.$5.B.$10.C.$20.2.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Relatives.B.Colleagues.C.Doctorandpatient.3.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Putabagaway.B.Fetchabag.C.Pickupherson.4.WhatgiftdidAnnagetfromherjob?A.Awaterbottle.B.AT-shirt.C.ACD.5.Whatisthemandoing?A.Talkingtoanewneighbour.B.Enjoyingclassicalmusic.C.Givingawarming.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?A.Canada.B.TheUK.C.America.7.Whatkindofteadoesthewomanlikebest?A.Oolongtea.B.Longjingtea.C.Pu’ertea.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whenwillthemanreturn?A.OnWednesday.B.OnFriday.C.OnSaturday.9.Howmuchwillthemanpayforhisjourney?A.$850.B.$815.C.$425.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Howlonghasthemanbeenincollege?A.Forlessthanoneyear.B.Forabouttwoyears.C.Foralmostthreeyears.11.Whatdoesthemanwanttostudyrightnow?A.Art.B.Medicine.C.Chemistry.12.Howdoesthewomanprobablyfeelintheend?A.Worried.B.Happy.C.Angry.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whathasdrawntheofficer’sattentiontotheman?A.Heisbuyingamagazineatnight.B.Heisoutlateatnightwearingawoman’shousecoat.C.Heisdrivingacarathighspeedtoanotherneighborhood.14.Whatisthemanusedtodoing?A.ReadingtheTimemagazinebeforesleep.B.Goingoutforawalkbeforegoingtobed.C.Talkingwithhiswifeaboutreading.15.Whydoestheofficeraskthemantogetintohercar?A.Shehascaughttheman.B.Shewillsendhimtothepolicestation.C.Shewantstodrivehimbackhome.16.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Attheairport.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inthestreet.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whydocollegestudentsneedtobeefficientreaders?A.Becausetheyworkfull-time.B.Becausetheyhavetodomuchreading.C.Becausetheyareaskedtoreadthreeorfourtimes.18.Howshouldstudentsdealwithheavyreadingtasks?A.Payattentiontosmalldetailswhilereading.B.Readatleastseveralchaptersatonesitting.C.Getkeyinformationbyreadingjustonceortwice.19.Howdostudentsmarkatextbook?A.Bychoosingone’sownsystemofmarking.B.Byunderliningthekeywordsandphrases.C.Byhighlightingdetailsinaredcolor.20.Howshouldstudentsprepareforanexam?A.Byreviewingonlythemarkedparts.B.Byworkingwiththeirpartners.C.Byreadingthetextbookscarefullyagain.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。APetparents—catsanddogsunder20pounds—cantravelonCapitolCorridorfor$30one-way!Ifyourfurryfamilymemberfitsthebill,takethemonyournextadventure.Checkouttheinformationbelowandhowtobookyournexttrip.Ourcheck-inprocessissimple,makingtravelingwithyourfour-leggedfriendeasyandenjoyable.WhattoKnowAsyouplanyournexttraintripwithyourpet,notethatwewelcomeamaximum(最大)of6petspertrain.Bookingneedstohappeninadvanceandonlyonepetreservationisallowedpercustomer.Petscannotbebookedwithmulti-ridetickets,busconnectionsorunaccompaniedminors(未成年人).Whenatthestation,yourpetmustalwaystravelinacarrier,whichcountsasonepieceofcarry-onbaggage,andthecombinedweightofyourpetandcarrieris20pounds.Whileaboardtrains,itmustbeabletosit,liedownandremainentirelyinsidewithouttouchingthesidesofthecarrier.ItisnotpermittedintheCafé,orQuietCars.HowtoBookSelectyourtriponthebookingmachine.Addyourtraveldetailsandproceeduntilyouseetheoptiontocustomize(定制)yourtrip.Addapettoyourbookingfor$30.Contact800-USA-RAILifyouneedtochangeyourreservation.TheRulesYourpetmustbeatleasteightweeksoldandbeunsmelly,harmless,notdisruptive,andrequirenoattentionduringtravel.Youconfirmthatyourpetisuptodateonallvaccinationsandacceptresponsibilityforyourpetbysigningthepetreleasedocumentatcheck-in.1.Howmuchdoesapetownerhavetopayforthepetforaround-trip?A.$15. B.$30. C.$45. D.$60.2.Whatdoesapetownerneedtodoifhe/sheistotakeacatonboard?A.Bookaheadofschedule. B.Takeacarrierweighing20pounds.C.Buyamulti-rideticket. D.Contact800-USA-RAILfirst.3.Whatarepetsallowedtodo?A.EatintheCafé. B.SleepinQuietCars.C.Travelinacarrier. D.Liebehindthedoor.【答案】1.D2.A3.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了攜帶寵物乘坐火車的一些相關政策和要求?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Petparents—catsanddogsunder20pounds—cantravelonCapitolCorridorfor$30one-way!(寵物父母——20磅以下的貓和狗——可以在國會走廊旅行，單程30美元！)”可知，體重在20磅以下的貓和狗乘坐火車單程需要支付30美元，那么往返則需要支付60美元。故選D?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Bookingneedstohappeninadvanceandonlyonepetreservationisallowedpercustomer.(需要提前預訂，每位顧客只允許預訂一只寵物)”可知，攜帶寵物乘坐火車需要提前預訂。故選A?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Whileaboardtrains,itmustbeabletosit,liedownandremainentirelyinsidewithouttouchingthesidesofthecarrier.(在火車上，它必須能夠坐下，躺下，并完全留在里面，而不接觸載體的側(cè)面)”可知，寵物必須待在籠子里。故選C。BSadaf’schildhoodwashappy.Sheenjoyedgoingtoschoolandmeetingherfriends.Butoneday,shereturnedhomerunningahightemperature.“Wethoughtitwasregularflu.ButweweretoldthatIwouldnotbeabletowalkeveragainnow,”sherecalls.Sadafwasjust10yearsoldthen.AfterthefamilywasturneddownbydoctorsinKashmir,theywenttoMumbai,whereanoperationwasperformedtotreatherlegs.Buteventually,Sadafhadtorelyonawheelchairtomovearound.Bythistime,shehadtodiscontinuehereducation.Thingsworsenedwhenherfather,her“onlysourceofsupport”,passedaway.“Everyoneexceptmyfatherdoubtedmycapabilities.Buthealwaysencouragedmetodreambig.Imissedhim.”“ThereweredayswhenIwouldendupcryingallday,sittingaloneinmyroom.Iwasgettingintodepression,”shesays.“Bynow,I’verealizedthatIhavetoeitherendmylifeorstruggletoprovemyself.Ichosethelatter.Iwantedtoprovetotheworldthatpeoplelikemecanalsoachievesomething.Ihadjustlostmyabilitytowalk,notmyabilitytousemybrain,”sheadds.ThatiswhenSadafdecidedtostepupforherself.In2015,sheopenedashopbuthadtoshutitacoupleofyearslaterastheworkaffectedhereyesight.Shesays,“ButIwantedtotrymyhandsateverything.SoIdecidedtoplaybasketballaswell.IhavealsobeenawardedmultipletimesbytheJammuandKashmirBasketballAssociation.”Recently,SadaftriedsellinguniquespicesoftheKashmirvalley.“Today,Ihaveestablishedmyownbusinesswithoutanyone’semotionalorfinancialsupport.PeoplewouldquestionmewhatIcouldachievesittinginawheelchair,whentheireducatedandable-bodiedchildrensatidly(閑散地).Nowtheverysamepeoplegivemyexampletoothers,”shesays.Sadafbelievesthatpeoplewithdisabilitiesshouldneverdoubtthemselves.“Ifyouhearotherssaysomethingnotsopositive,youmayendupdepressed.Insteadoflivingwithintheconfines(限制)ofaroom,trytoproveyourself,”sheadvises.4.WhatdidSadafloseafterherfather’sdeath?A.Walkingability. B.Financialsupport.C.Spiritualbacking. D.Preciouseyesight.5.WhydidSadaftrybasketball?A.Tobuildupherbody. B.Toproveherself.C.Towinawards. D.Topursueherdream.6.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeSadaf?A.Talentedbutinflexible. B.Disabledbutlearned.C.Independentandhonest. D.Determinedandcapable.7.WhatmessagecanwegetfromSadaf'sstory?A.Afineexamplehaslimitlesspower. B.Donotletyourdisabilityruleyou.C.Encouragementisthesourceofpower. D.Donotputallyoureggsinonebasket.【答案】4.C5.B6.D7.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了殘疾人Sadaf不顧他人的質(zhì)疑用行動證明自己的勵志故事?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Thingsworsenedwhenherfather,her‘onlysourceofsupport’,passedaway.(當她“唯一的支柱”父親去世后，情況變得更糟了)”可知，Sadaf的父親是她的支柱，是唯一一個支持鼓勵她的人，因此父親的去世讓她失去了精神支柱。故選C項?！?題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段中的“Bynow,I’verealizedthatIhavetoeitherendmylifeorstruggletoprovemyself.(到現(xiàn)在為止，我意識到我要么結(jié)束自己的生命，要么努力證明自己)”以及第七段中的“ButIwantedtotrymyhandsateverything.SoIdecidedtoplaybasketballaswell.(但我想嘗試一切。所以我也決定打籃球)”可知，Sadaf打籃球是為了證明自己。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段“Iwantedtoprovetotheworldthatpeoplelikemecanalsoachievesomething.Ihadjustlostmyabilitytowalk,notmyabilitytousemybrain(我想向世界證明，像我這樣的人也能有所成就。我只是失去了走路的能力，而不是失去了思考的能力)”和第七段中的“ButIwantedtotrymyhandsateverything.SoIdecidedtoplaybasketballaswell.(但我想嘗試一切。所以我也決定打籃球)”和最后一段的“Sadafbelievesthatpeoplewithdisabilitiesshouldneverdoubtthemselves.(薩達夫認為，殘疾人永遠不應該懷疑自己)”可知，Sadaf雖然殘疾，但是她開店、打籃球、做生意，非常能干，而且在別人的質(zhì)疑中勇敢地證明自己的能力，因此也是意志堅定的，所以用“有決心，有能力”能最好描述Sadaf。故選D項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Sadaf的故事以及最后一段中“Ifyouhearotherssaysomethingnotsopositive,youmayendupdepressed.Insteadoflivingwithintheconfines(限制)ofaroom,trytoproveyourself,(如果你聽到別人說一些不太積極的話，你可能會感到沮喪。不要限制在一個房間里，試著證明你自己)”可推知，她建議人們要去證明自己的能力，而不要讓殘疾限制自己。故選B項。CAnewstudyfromtheNetherlandshasfoundthatanimportantfactorinachild’sultimatelevelofeducation,evenmoreimportantthantheirownfamily’seconomicsituation,iswhethertheygrowupwithrichneighborsnearby.ResearcherAgataTroostandhercolleaguesatDelftUniversityofTechnologyusedanationaldatabasetotracktheaddressofeveryDutchbabybornin1995,atotalof140,338people,frombirthtoage23.Usinggeolocatingsoftware,theydrewupasocioeconomicprofile(概況)foreachchild'simmediateneighborhood,figuringthepercentageofneighborswhowererich,middleclassordisadvantaged.Aftercontrollinganumberofotherfactors,includingparents’earningsandlevelsofeducation,theresearchersfoundthatachild'sownexperienceofwealthorpovertymatteredlesstotheirultimatelevelofschoolingthanexposuretowell-offneighbors.Thedatasuggestthatgrowingupinaricharea,withwell-maintainedparks,librariesandsoccerfields,aswellasinteractionswitheducatedneighbors,couldboostapoorchild'sabilitytoseebeyondtheirimmediatehorizons(眼界).“Richfamiliescreateneighborhoodsandactivitiesthatcreateopportunities,”saidMs.Troost,andtheseadvantagesaresharedwithotherchildrenwhohappentolivenearby.ThefindingechoesanearlierstudybyMr.Chettyandhiscolleagues,whichshowedthathavingevenoneinspiringteacherinmiddleschoolcanimproveastudent’scareerprospects.Whetherintheclassroomoronthestreet,itseemsthatsocialinteractionsoutsidethefamilycanstartayoungperson'smotivationandambition.Atthesametime,thestudyalsostressedtheimportanceofthehomeenvironment.Whenparentsarewelleducated,childrenarelikelytobe,too.Andthat'sthemoralofthestory:Neighborhoodscanhavedifferenteffectsondifferentchildren,dependingonhoweducatedtheirparentsare,whethertheyaremaleorfemale,andhowmuchcasualcontacttheyhavewithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromtheirownfamilies.“Location,location,location”maybeaoldsayingforbuyingahouse,butwe'relearningthatitalsoholdstrueforchildren'sdevelopment.8.Whataspectoftheresearchisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Itspurpose. B.Itsprinciple. C.Itsmethod. D.Itsresult.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“echoes”inparagraph4mean?A.Goesagainst. B.Agreeswith. C.Worksfor. D.Relatesto.10.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Anovel. C.Amagazine. D.Aguidebook.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheBenefitsofEducatedParents B.ThePowerofaGoodNeighborhoodC.TheDecisiveFactorinaChild'sGrowth D.TheLocationYourNewHouseShouldHave【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項新的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，即對一個孩子最終的教育水平而言，其鄰居的富裕程度是一個重要因素，其影響甚至超過了他們自己家庭的經(jīng)濟狀況?！?題詳析】主旨大意題。由文章第二段“ResearcherAgataTroostandhercolleaguesatDelftUniversityofTechnologyusedanationaldatabasetotracktheaddressofeveryDutchbabybornin1995,atotalof140,338people,frombirthtoage23.Usinggeolocatingsoftware,theydrewupasocioeconomicprofile(概況)foreachchild'simmediateneighborhood,figuringthepercentageofneighborswhowererich,middleclassordisadvantaged.(代爾夫特理工大學的研究員阿加塔·特羅斯特和她的同事們利用一個國家數(shù)據(jù)庫追蹤了1995年出生的每一個荷蘭嬰兒的住址，從出生到23歲，總共有140338人。利用地理定位軟件，他們?yōu)槊總€孩子的近鄰繪制了一份社會經(jīng)濟概況，計算出富人、中產(chǎn)階級或弱勢群體的鄰居所占比例。)”可知，本段主要介紹了研究的方法：使用地理定位軟件，為140338個荷蘭孩子的直接鄰居繪制社會經(jīng)濟狀況概況，計算富裕、中產(chǎn)階級或貧困鄰居的百分比。故選C?！?題詳析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第四段中“Richfamiliescreateneighborhoodsandactivitiesthatcreateopportunities,”saidMs.Troost,andtheseadvantagesaresharedwithotherchildrenwhohappentolivenearby.(“富裕的家庭創(chuàng)造了社區(qū)和活動，創(chuàng)造了機會，”特羅斯特說，而碰巧住在附近的其他孩子也能分享這些優(yōu)勢。)”和“anearlierstudybyMr.Chettyandhiscolleagues,whichshowedthathavingevenoneinspiringteacherinmiddleschoolcanimproveastudent’scareerprospects.(切蒂和他的同事們早些時候的一項研究，該研究表明，即使在中學有一位鼓舞人心的老師，也能改善學生的職業(yè)前景。)”可知，富裕家庭創(chuàng)造社區(qū)和活動，創(chuàng)造機會，與其他住在附近的孩子分享這些優(yōu)勢。即該研究結(jié)果與Chetty及其同事之前的一項研究相一致，劃線詞的意思為“與……一致，與……相呼應”。A.Goesagainst違背，違反；B.Agreeswith與……一致；C.Worksfor為……工作；D.Relatesto與……相關。故選B。【10題詳析】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)文章第一段“AnewstudyfromtheNetherlandshasfoundthatanimportantfactorinachild’sultimatelevelofeducation,evenmoreimportantthantheirownfamily’seconomicsituation,iswhethertheygrowupwithrichneighborsnearby.(荷蘭的一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，影響孩子最終教育水平的一個重要因素，甚至比他們自己家庭的經(jīng)濟狀況更重要，那就是他們是否與附近富裕的鄰居一起長大。)”可知，本文主要介紹了兒童成長過程中，鄰居等因素的影響，這是一個研究。因此文章可能選自雜志。故選C?！?1題詳析】標題判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是根據(jù)文章第一段“AnewstudyfromtheNetherlandshasfoundthatanimportantfactorinachild’sultimatelevelofeducation,evenmoreimportantthantheirownfamily’seconomicsituation,iswhethertheygrowupwithrichneighborsnearby.(荷蘭的一項新研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，影響孩子最終教育水平的一個重要因素，甚至比他們自己家庭的經(jīng)濟狀況更重要，那就是他們是否與附近富裕的鄰居一起長大。)”可知，本文主要講述對一個孩子最終的教育水平而言，其成長的鄰居的富裕程度是一個重要因素，其影響甚至超過了他們自己家庭的經(jīng)濟狀況。故選項B“ThePowerofaGoodNeighborhood(好鄰居的力量)”符合題意。故選B。DImagineyouneedmilk,soyougotothegrocerystoretopicksomeup,onlytofindtherearedozensofoptions.Thesedays,youhavetomakeadecisiononnotonlythepercentageoffatyouwant,butalsowhatsourceyouwantyourmilktobecomingfrom:cows,soybeans...Youhavenoideawhatmilktopick.Therearesomanychoicesthatyouareconfused.Thisphenomenonisknownastheparadox(悖論)ofchoiceanditisbecomingaconcerninthemodernworld,wheremoreandmoreoptionsarebecomingeasilyavailabletous.Whilewemightbelievethatbeingpresentedwithmultipleoptionsactuallymakesiteasiertochooseonethatwearehappywith,andthusincreasesconsumersatisfaction,havingtoomanyoptionsactuallyrequiresmoreefforttomakeadecisionandcanleaveusfeelingunsatisfiedwithourchoice.TheideawaspopularizedbyAmericanpsychologistBarrySchwartzwhenhepublishedhisbook,TheParadoxofChoice:WhyMoreIsLess.Schwartz,whohaslongstudiedthewaysinwhicheconomicsandpsychologyintersect(交叉),becameinterestedinseeingthewaythatchoiceswereaffectingthehappinessofcitizensinWesternsocieties.Heidentifiedthattherangeofchoicesthatwehaveavailabletousthesedaysisfargreaterthanthatpeoplehadinthepast;however,consumersatisfactionhasnotincreasedasmuchastraditionaleconomicstheoriesmightexpect.Schwartzidentifiedthattheparadoxofchoicecarriesthemostconsequenceforpeoplethataremaximizers.Maximizers,unlikesatisficers,areconcernedwithmakingthebestchoiceinsteadofsimplymakingachoicethattheyarehappywith.Whentherearemanyoptionsavailabletomaximizers,itbecomesharderforthemtodeterminewhichisthebest,whichcancausethemtofeelagreatdealofregretaftertheyhavemadeachoice.Insteadofbelievingthatfreedomofchoiceisunlimited,Schwartzadvocatesthattheroleofpsychologyandbehavioraleconomicsshouldbetofindthekindoflimitationsonfreedomthatcanleadtothegreatestlevelofhappinesswithinsociety.12.What’stheauthor’spurposeinmentioningbuyingmilkinparagraph1?A.Toleadinthetopic.B.Todrawaconclusion.C.Toshowthatwehavemorechoiceswhenshopping.D.Toindicatethatpeoplepaygreaterattentiontohealthwhenshopping.13.Whatdoestheparadoxofchoicesuggest?A.Moreoptionsmeanlesssatisfaction.B.Consumersatisfactionhasgreatlyincreased.C.Peoplearehappywithmorechoices.D.Modernpeoplearehappierthantheirancestors.14.Whatcanbelearnedaboutsatisficers?A.Theyaimfortheverybest. B.Theytendtofollowtheirfeelings.C.Theyoftenregrettheirdecisions. D.Theyhavetroublemakingadecision.15.WhatdoesSchwartzsuggestpeopledo?A.Holdontotheirbeliefs. B.Accepttheirownbehavior.C.Giveupfreedom. D.Limittheirownchoices.【答案】12.A13.A14.B15.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要介紹了“選擇悖論”這一現(xiàn)象，即過多的選擇會讓人們感到困惑和不滿，從而降低消費者的滿意度。文章還介紹了“最大化者”和“滿足者”的區(qū)別，以及心理學和行為經(jīng)濟學在解決這一問題中的作用?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“Imagineyouneedmilk,soyougotothegrocerystoretopicksomeup,onlytofindtherearedozensofoptions.(想象一下，你需要牛奶，所以你去雜貨店買了一些，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)有幾十種選擇)”以及“Youhavenoideawhatmilktopick.Therearesomanychoicesthatyouareconfused.(你不知道該選什么牛奶。有太多的選擇讓你感到困惑)”可知，購物時牛奶品類眾多，以至于很難做出決策。是下文“選擇的悖論”這一現(xiàn)象的一個案例。由此可推知，文章第一段提到買牛奶就是為了引出文章的話題。故選A。【13題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“Whilewemightbelievethatbeingpresentedwithmultipleoptionsactuallymakesiteasiertochooseonethatwearehappywith,andthusincreasesconsumersatisfaction,havingtoomanyoptionsactuallyrequiresmoreefforttomakeadecisionandcanleaveusfeelingunsatisfiedwithourchoice.(雖然我們可能認為，提供多種選擇實際上會讓我們更容易選擇一種我們滿意的選擇，從而提高消費者滿意度，選擇太多實際上需要付出更多的努力才能做出決定，這會讓我們對自己的選擇感到不滿意)”可知，選擇太多實際上需要付出更多的努力才能做出決定，這會讓我們對自己的選擇感到不滿意。由此可推知，更多的選擇意味著更少的滿足感。故選A?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的“Maximizers,unlikesatisficers,areconcernedwithmakingthebestchoiceinsteadofsimplymakingachoicethattheyarehappywith.(與滿足者不同，最大化者關心的是做出最好的選擇，而不是簡單地做出他們滿意的選擇)”可推知，滿足者跟隨自己的感覺，不糾結(jié)于必須做出“最好的”決定。故選B?！?5題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Insteadofbelievingthatfreedomofchoiceisunlimited,Schwartzadvocatesthattheroleofpsychologyandbehavioraleconomicsshouldbetofindthekindoflimitationsonfreedomthatcanleadtothegreatestlevelofhappinesswithinsociety.(施瓦茨不認為選擇的自由是無限的，而是主張心理學和行為經(jīng)濟學的作用應該是找到對自由的限制，從而在社會中獲得最大程度的幸福)”可知，施瓦茨建議人們限制自己的選擇。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Drawingisagreatwaytoexpressyourselfandshareyourcreativitywithothers.___16___That’sbecauseyouneedonlysimplesupplies.Checkoutthesetipstomakeyourdrawingskillsbetter.GathersuppliesOneofthebestpartsaboutdrawingisthatyoucangetstartedrightawaywithpaperandpencilsyoualreadyhaveDrawinginasketchbook(素描冊)isalsoagreatidea.___17___Youcanalsoexperimentwithotherdrawingmaterials,likecoloredpencilsormarkers.PickyoursubjectWhenthinkingaboutwhattodraw,choosesomethingyoufeelexcitedabout.____18____Itemsaroundyourhome,likeabowloffruitorafavoritetoy,canalsobegreatsubjects.Ifyoucan’tfindexactlywhatyou'relookingfor,seekinspirationonlineandprintoutwhatyou'dliketodraw.Drawoften___19___Ifsomethingdoesattractyou,trytoworkonitasoftenasyoucan.Putasmallsketchbookinyourbackpacksoyoucandrawwhenyouhavefreetime,likewhenyou'rewaitingforanactivitytostart.Youcouldevengiveyourselfminichallenges.Forexample,youcandrawthesameobjectforaweekandseehowmuchyouimprove.SeekoutmoreresourcesYoucanimproveyourdrawingbypracticingonyourown,butyoucanalsogetbetterwithhelp.Askalibrariantohelpyousearchforstep-by-stepdrawingbooksatyourlocalorschoollibrary.Museumsandartstudiosinyourareamayalsoofferdrawingclasses.___20___A.Itisalsoaneasyhobbytopursue.B.Ittakespracticetogetreallygoodatdrawing.C.Youwon'tdrawperfectlyunlessyou'repatientenough.D.Askanartteacheratschooltopointyouintherightdirection.E.Itcanhelpyoueasilylookbackatyourworkandseeyourprogress.F.Whenyoustartdrawing,thinkofyoursubjectintermsofsimpleshapes.G.Youcoulddrawabeautifultreeorgotoalocalparkandsketchthelandscape.【答案】16.A17.E18.G19.B20.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了繪畫是一種表達自我和與他人分享創(chuàng)意的好方式，并給出了一些提高繪畫技巧的建議，包括準備簡單的繪畫用品、選擇自己感興趣的主題、經(jīng)常練習、尋求更多資源等?！?6題詳析】由上文“Drawingisagreatwaytoexpressyourselfandshareyourcreativitywithothers.(繪畫是一種很好的表達自己和與他人分享你的創(chuàng)造力的方式)”和下文“That’sbecauseyouneedonlysimplesupplies.(那是因為你只需要簡單的用品)”可知，本空要說跟“繪畫簡單”有關的話題，A選項“Itisalsoaneasyhobbytopursue.(這也是一個容易追求的愛好)”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選A?！?7題詳析】空前“OneofthebestpartsaboutdrawingisthatyoucangetstartedrightawaywithpaperandpencilsyoualreadyhaveDrawinginasketchbook(素描冊)isalsoagreatidea.(關于繪畫的最好的部分之一是，你可以馬上開始用紙和鉛筆，你已經(jīng)在速寫本上畫畫也是一個好主意)”講到在素描冊上繪畫是個好主意，空后“Youcanalsoexperimentwithotherdrawingmaterials,likecoloredpencilsormarkers.(你也可以嘗試其他的繪畫材料，比如彩色鉛筆或馬克筆)”講到你也可以嘗試其他繪畫材料。因此可判斷空格處應與在素描冊上繪畫的好處有關，E選項“Itcanhelpyoueasilylookbackatyourworkandseeyourprogress.(它可以幫助你輕松地回顧你的作品，并看到你的進步)”能承上啟下，符合語境。故選E?！?8題詳析】空前“Whenthinkingaboutwhattodraw,choosesomethingyoufeelexcitedabout.(在考慮畫什么的時候，選擇一些讓你感到興奮的東西)”講到選擇讓你感到興奮的東西作為繪畫主題，空后“Itemsaroundyourhome,likeabowloffruitorafavoritetoy,canalsobegreatsubjects.Ifyoucan’tfindexactlywhatyou'relookingfor,seekinspirationonlineandprintoutwhatyou'dliketodraw.(你家里的東西，比如一碗水果或一個最喜歡的玩具，也可以是很好的主題。如果你找不到你想要的東西，在網(wǎng)上尋找靈感，把你想畫的東西打印出來)”講到家里的物品，如一碗水果或一個最喜歡的玩具，也可以是很好的主題。因此可判斷空格處應與選擇主題的建議有關，G選項“Youcoulddrawabeautifultreeorgotoalocalparkandsketchthelandscape.(你可以畫一棵美麗的樹，或者去當?shù)氐墓珗@畫風景)”符合語境。故選G?！?9題詳析】本段標題“Drawoften(經(jīng)常畫)”講到要經(jīng)常繪畫，可知，本空要說經(jīng)常畫的好處，B選項“Ittakespracticetogetreallygoodatdrawing.(多練習才能變得擅長繪畫)”符合語境。故選B?！?0題詳析】由空前“Youcanimproveyourdrawingbypracticingonyourown,butyoucanalsogetbetterwithhelp.Askalibrariantohelpyousearchforstep-by-stepdrawingbooksatyourlocalorschoollibrary.Museumsandartstudiosinyourareamayalsoofferdrawingclasses.(你可以通過自己練習來提高你的繪畫水平，但你也可以在別人的幫助下變得更好。讓圖書管理員幫你在當?shù)鼗驅(qū)W校圖書館尋找循序漸進的繪畫書籍。你所在地區(qū)的博物館和藝術工作室也可能提供繪畫課程)”可判斷，空格處應與向他人尋求幫助有關，D選項“Askanartteacheratschooltopointyouintherightdirection.(向?qū)W校的美術老師尋求正確的指導)”能承接上文，符合語境。故選D。第三部分語言運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Afterwinningthe100-meterdashatthe2023WorldAthleticsChampionshipsinAugust,26-year-oldsprinter(短跑運動員)NoahLyleswasnamed“World’sFastestMan”.Nowhehashis___21___setonwinningmoremedalsatthe2024ParisOlympics.Lyles,thesonoftwoformerrunners,grewupinAlexandria,Virginia.Hebegan___22___asasprinterwhenhewasateenageranddreamedofgoingtotheOlympics.He___23___foraspot(排名位置)ontheUSOlympicteamin2016butdidnot___24___.Fortunately,in2021,he___25___theUSteamfortheTokyoGamesandwonabronzemedalinthe200-meterrace.Lyleshasbeen___26___withlegendaryJamaicansprinterUsainBolt,whohasheldthesame___27___“World’sFastestMan”.Boltwonthe100meterand200meterracesattheWorldChampionshipsandstillholdsthe___28___inthe200meterwithatimeof19.19seconds,setin2009.Lyles’besttimeforthatraceis19.31,andhesaidhis___29___istorunitin19.10seconds,whichwouldbreakBolt’srecord.Lylessaidthathedidnot___30___toprunnerslikeBoltasidols(偶像)whilegrowingup.“Ibelievedinmyselfandinlearningsomethingfrom___31___people,becauseeveryonehastheirownadvantage,”hesaid.Afterhiswin,Lylessaidhefeltthathisyearsoftrainingandpatiencehavefinally___32___.InParisnextyear,Lyleshopestowinmoregolds.“IfIgotthreegoldmedalsattheWorldChampionships,maybeIhavethe___33___togetthreegoldmedalsattheOlympics,”hesaid.Hisanotherexpectationistomaketrackandfieldmore___34___andaccessibletoalargenumberofpeople.“I’mtryingtomakesurethateverybodycomesand___35___thesport,”hesaid.21.A.sights B.opinions C.predictions D.demands22.A.advertising B.competing C.defending D.debating23.A.looked B.answered C.accounted D.tried24.A.quit B.respond C.qualify D.regret25.A.made B.created C.refused D.recommended26.A.combined B.replaced C.blessed D.compared27.A.dream B.standard C.title D.talent28.A.passion B.record C.feature D.belief29.A.responsibility B.suggestion C.solution D.goal30.A.copy B.view C.recall D.serve31.A.different B.famous C.gifted D.determined.32.A.ranout B.paidoff C.cameback D.spedup33.A.potential B.honor C.pressure D.option34.A.flexible B.stable C.formal D.popular35.A.reports B.evaluates C.enjoys D.improves【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.D27.C28.B29.D30.B31.A32.B33.A34.D35.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了26歲的短跑運動員NoahLyles在2023年8月的世界田徑錦標賽上獲得了100米短跑冠軍后，將目光投向了在2024年巴黎奧運會上贏得更多獎牌，并希望讓田徑運動更受歡迎?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，他的目標是在2024年巴黎奧運會上贏得更多獎牌。A.sights目標；B.opinions意見；C.predictions預測；D.demands需求。根據(jù)后文的“winningmoremedalsatthe2024ParisOlympics”可知，在2024年巴黎奧運會上贏得更多獎牌是他的設定的目標。setone’ssightson“以……為目標,立志于”。故選A項?！?2題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他十幾歲時就作為短跑運動員開始比賽，并夢想著參加奧運會。A.advertising做廣告；B.competing比賽；C.defending保護；D.debating辯論。根據(jù)后文的“asasprinterwhenhewasateenageranddreamedofgoingtotheOlympics.”可知，他十幾歲時就作為短跑運動員比賽。故選B項?！?3題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2016年，他曾試圖進入美國奧運代表隊，但沒有獲得參賽資格。A.looked看；B.answered回答；C.accounted認為；D.tried嘗試。根據(jù)后文的“foraspot(排名位置)ontheUSOlympicteamin2016butdidnot”可知，他沒有獲得參賽資格，可知他曾試圖進入美國奧運代表隊。故選D項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：2016年，他曾試圖進入美國奧運代表隊，但他沒有獲得參賽資格。A.quit退出；B.respond回答；C.qualify具有資格；D.regret后悔。根據(jù)前文的“Heforaspot(排名位置)ontheUSOlympicteamin2016butdidnot”but表示轉(zhuǎn)折可知，他曾試圖進入美國奧運代表隊，但他沒有獲得參賽資格。故選C項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，在2021年，他入選了美國代表團參加東京奧運會，并在200米賽跑中獲得了一枚銅牌。A.made成為；B.created創(chuàng)建；C.refused拒絕；D.recommended推薦。根據(jù)后文的“theUSteamfortheTokyoGamesandwonabronzemedalinthe200-meterrace”可知，他入選了美國代表團參加東京奧運會。maketheteam“加入隊伍，組隊”。故選A項?！?6題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Lyles被拿來與牙買加傳奇短跑運動員UsainBolt相比較，后者擁有相同的“世界上跑得最快的人”的頭銜。A.combined組合；B.replaced取代；C.blessed祝福；D.compared比較。根據(jù)后文的“withlegendaryJamaicansprinterUsainBolt”可知，Lyles被拿來與牙買加傳奇短跑運動員UsainBolt相比較。故選D項?！?7題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Lyles被拿來與牙買加傳奇短跑運動員UsainBolt相比較，后者擁有相