黑龍江省哈爾濱市六校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語試題（解析版）

高級(jí)中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1黑龍江省哈爾濱市六校2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAhugenumberofexchangeprogramsandsummerschoolprogramsareofferedtointernationalstudentsaroundforeignuniversitiesworldwide.Todayweexplainthetopstudentexchangeprogramsandsummerprogramsofferedtoforeignstudents.SUSIStudentLeadersProgramBachelor-levelstudentsinPakistanwhoareinterestedinthetopicofpublic,local,stateandfederalpolicy-makingareinvitedtostudyintheUSAthroughtheshort-termSUSIstudentprogram2023.ThisisanexchangeprogramforPakistanistudents.AllexpensesandaccommodationcostsattheUniversityofMassachusettswillbecoveredbySUSI.Sotheapplicationperiodisveryshort.ViennaSummerSchoolViennaSummerSchoolprovidesanincredibleopportunityfor30bachelor-levelstudentstoresearchsidebysidewithworldtopresearchersinthefieldofbioengineering.Thispaidsummerprogramaimstoattractinternationalstudentsandcreateanexcellentresearchenvironment.Thisisaperfectopportunityforthosestudentswhoareinterestedinthefieldoflifescience.ThedurationofViennaSummerSchoolisfromSaturday,July1toAugust28,2023.HansenLeadershipExchangeProgramTheHansenSummerInstituteforLeadershipisnowopenforthesummerexchangeprogram2023.TheHansensummerprogramofferstheopportunitytotheUSAandinternationalstudentstobuildbetterleadershipskillsandaculturalunderstandingenvironmentforthefuture.This3-weeksummerexchangeprogramisopenforundergraduate,graduate,anddoctoralstudentswithanyacademicbackground.IWPSummerExchangeProgramIWPSummerExchangeProgram2023isatwo-weekwritingandcultureexchangeprogramforPakistaniandIndianstudentsinIowaCity,USA.Theapplicantfrom18to22fromthesecountrieswithabackgroundinarthumanitiesiswelcometoapply.Thisprogramwillfocusoncreativityandisfreefortheselectedapplicants.Theselectedcandidateswillworktogetheronthecreationofpaintingsandsculptures.1.WhatcanwelearnfromSUSIStudentLeadersProgram?A.Itisfullyfunded. B.Itislimitedtopostgraduates.C.Itisalong-termprogram. D.Itissupportedbythegovernment.2.Whichprogramsuitsstudentswholikebiology?A.SUSIStudentLeadersProgram. B.HansenLeadershipExchangeProgram.C.ViennaSummerSchool. D.IWPSummerExchangeProgram.3.WhatwillstudentsinIWPSummerExchangeProgramdo?A.Offerpolicyadvice. B.Createartworks.C.Conductscientificresearch. D.Writeacademicpapers.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【語篇解讀】本文為一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四個(gè)國際交換生項(xiàng)目?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)SUSIStudentLeadersProgram中關(guān)鍵句“ThisisanexchangeprogramforPakistanistudents.AllexpensesandaccommodationcostsattheUniversityofMassachusettswillbecoveredbySUSI.(在馬薩諸塞大學(xué)的所有費(fèi)用和住宿費(fèi)將由SUSI承擔(dān))”可知，SUSIStudentLeaders項(xiàng)目全力資助交換生費(fèi)用。故選A項(xiàng)。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)ViennaSummerSchool中關(guān)鍵句“ViennaSummerSchoolprovidesanincredibleopportunityfor30bachelor-levelstudentstoresearchsidebysidewithworldtopresearchersinthefieldofbioengineering.(維也納暑期學(xué)校為30名本科水平的學(xué)生提供了與生物工程領(lǐng)域的世界頂級(jí)研究人員并肩研究的絕佳機(jī)會(huì))”及“Thisisaperfectopportunityforthosestudentswhoareinterestedinthefieldoflifescience.(對(duì)于那些對(duì)生命科學(xué)領(lǐng)域感興趣的學(xué)生來說，這是一個(gè)絕佳的機(jī)會(huì))”可知，ViennaSummerSchool項(xiàng)目適合喜歡生物的學(xué)生。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)IWPSummerExchangeProgram中關(guān)鍵句“Thisprogramwillfocusoncreativityandisfreefortheselectedapplicants.Theselectedcandidateswillworktogetheronthecreationofpaintingsandsculptures.(這個(gè)項(xiàng)目將注重創(chuàng)造力，對(duì)入選的申請(qǐng)者免費(fèi)開放。被選中的候選人將共同創(chuàng)作繪畫和雕塑)”可知，IWPSummerExchange項(xiàng)目中，學(xué)生可以創(chuàng)造藝術(shù)作品。故選B項(xiàng)。BThinkoftheMississippiDelta.Maybeyouimaginecottonfieldsandbluesmusic.Ithasbeenallthat.Butformorethanacentury,theDeltahasalsobeenapopulardestinationforimmigrants.Recently,Iwasassignedtolearnmoreaboutoneimmigrantgroupinparticular:theChineseinGreenville,asmallcityalongtheMississippiRiver.ThereImetRaymondWong,whosefamilyhaslongbeenpartofthecommunity.ThefirstwaveofChineseimmigrantscametotheMississippiDeltasoonaftertheCivilWar,andthepacepickedupbytheearly1900s.TheChineseoriginallycametopickcotton,buttheyquicklystartedopeninggrocerystores,mostlyintheAfrican-Americancommunitieswheretheylived.Thestoressoldmeat,freshvegetables,cannedgoods,anythingyoumightneed.NothingChineseaboutthem,excepttheowners.“Onmystreetalone,therewereatleastfourgrocerystores.I’mtalkingaboutasmallstreet,”Wongrecalls.“Iwasraisedinagrocerystore.Allmyfamily—sixofus—livedinacoupleofroomsatthebackofourstore.AssoonasIcouldcountmoneyIhadtoworkinthestore.”In1968,Wong’sfatheropenedaChineserestaurantcalledHowJoyinGreenville,oneofthefirstinthetown.Atthetime,nobodyknewwhatChinesefoodwas.“Buttherestaurantexistedfor40years.Iworkedthere,too,”Wongsays.Wongremembersatimeofbigexcitementwhenhewasyoung:Thefamilyfinallycouldaffordtobuyahouseinawhiteneighborhood.Thensuddenly,thatconversationstopped.“Whenpeoplefoundoutthatweweremovingin,theystartedthrowingbottlesinthedriveway,”Wongsays.“Weendedupbuildingahousedirectlybehindthegrocery.”Andthefuture?It’sprobablynotintheDelta.Wongremembersthequestionhissonaskedwhenhewasstillinhighschool:“Dad,doyouwantmetotakeoverthestorewhenyouretire?”Wong’sresponsewasimmediate:“No.Iwantyoutodobetterthanme.”That’sthestoryofthetypicalDeltaChinese.4.WhatdidtheDeltaChineseoriginallydoshortlyaftertheCivilWar?A.Workingincottonfields. B.Runningrestaurants.C.ImportingChinesefood. D.Openinggrocerystores.5.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.RaymondWonghadafunandcarefreechildhood.B.Thestoreowners’childrenwereverytalentedinmath.C.Therewasintensecompetitionamongthegrocerystores.D.TheWongswasthemostsuccessfulfamilyinGreenville.6.TheWongsstoppedbuyingthehousebecause______.A.thehouseownerraisedtheprice B.theirbusinessfailedunexpectedlyC.theydidnothaveenoughmoney D.thewhitepeopledidnotacceptthem7.HowdothetypicalChinesefeelabouttheirlifeintheDelta?A.Excited. B.Insecure. C.Unconcerned. D.Optimistic.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。雷蒙德·王是很典型的格林維爾華人，文章講述了這家人的移民經(jīng)歷和生活?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“TheChineseoriginallycametopickcotton,buttheyquicklystartedopeninggrocerystores,mostlyintheAfrican-Americancommunitieswheretheylived.(中國人最初是來摘棉花的，但他們很快就開始開雜貨店，主要是在他們居住的非洲裔美國人社區(qū)。)”可知，內(nèi)戰(zhàn)后不久，德爾塔華人最初在棉花田里工作。故選A。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句中的“Onmystreetalone,therewereatleastfourgrocerystores.I’mtalkingaboutasmallstreet(僅在我住的那條街上，就至少有四家雜貨店。我說的是一條小街道)”可知，雜貨店之間的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)很激烈。故選C。【6題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段第一句““Whenpeoplefoundoutthatweweremovingin,theystartedthrowingbottlesinthedriveway,”Wongsays.(“當(dāng)人們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們要搬進(jìn)來的時(shí)候，他們開始往車道上扔瓶子?！蓖跽f。)”可知，由于白人不接受他們，王家不再買房子了。故選D。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段前兩句“Andthefuture?It’sprobablynotintheDelta.(未來呢？可能不在德爾塔。)”和倒第二段““Whenpeoplefoundoutthatweweremovingin,theystartedthrowingbottlesinthedriveway,”Wongsays.“Weendedupbuildingahousedirectlybehindthegrocery.”(“當(dāng)人們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們要搬進(jìn)來的時(shí)候，他們開始往車道上扔瓶子?！蓖跽f?！拔覀冏詈笤陔s貨店后面蓋了一棟房子?！?”可知，典型的中國人對(duì)在德爾塔的生活感到不安全。故選B。CAJapanesecompanytriedtolandthefirstM1privatespacevehicleonMoon.However,on25April,2023,theM1spacecraftbecamethelatestinalonglineofMoonmissionsthatdidn’tquitemakeit.Untilnow,onlythreegovernment-fundedspaceagencieshavesoft-landedonMoonandonlyChinaissuccessfulinitsfirstattempt.WhyisitsohardtotouchdownsafelyonMoon?GettingamissiontoMoon,around384,000kilometresfromEarth,ismuchmorechallengingthansendingasatelliteintolow-Earthorbit—andfailurescanoccurearlyon,evenformissionsthatdon’tplantoland.ThishappenedwithNASA’sLunarFlashlightmission,asmallspacecraftthatwaslaunchedinDecember,2022andwassupposedtomapMoon’sice.Itsenginesstoppedworkingsoonafterlaunch.EvenifalandermakesittotheneighborhoodofMoon,itstillhastofinditswaydowntothesurfacewithnoglobal-positioningsatellitesforguidanceandvirtuallynoatmospheretohelptoslowitdown.Onceitgetswithinthecriticallastfewkilometres,itssoftwarehastodealquicklyandautonomouslywithanylast-minutechallenges,suchasitssensorspotentiallybecomingconfusedbylargeamountsofdustkickedupbytheengines.Topulloffasuccessfullandinginsuchachallengingenvironment,thegovernment-fundedspaceagencieshavespenthugeamountofmoneyonrepeatedtestsandhavelearnedalotfromeachfailedandsuccessfulattempt.“Inthe1960s,whentheUnitedStatesandtheSovietUnionwereracingtolandthere,theycrashedspacecraftafterspacecraftbeforeeachfinallysucceededin1966,”saysStephenIndyk,directorofspacesystemsatHoneybeeRoboticsinGreenbelt,Maryland.“Withoutlessonslearnedfromthesetbacksandsuccesses,it’salottoaskofaprivatecompanytogetitrightinthefirstattempt.”8.WhatcanbelearnedaboutM1spacecraft?A.ItbecamethelatestunsuccessfulMarsmission. B.ItwaslaunchedbyaChineseprivatecompany.C.ItwasJapan’sfirstpublic-fundedspacevehicle. D.Itfailedtosoft-landonthesurfaceofMoon.9.WhatledtothefailureoftheLunarFlashlightmission?A.Thecomputers. B.Theengines. C.Thesensors. D.Thesatellites.10.Whatisparagraph4ofthetextmainlyabout?A.Thelandingchallenges. B.Thenecessityofcooperation.C.ThestepstolandonMoon. D.Thecostsofspaceexploration.11.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“setbacks”inthelastparagraphmean?A.Difficulties. B.Benefits. C.Failures. D.Attempts.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。一家日本公司試圖將第一艘M1私人宇宙飛船送上月球，以失敗告終，文章就此對(duì)為什么安全著陸月球這么難進(jìn)行了分析和說明?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“However,on25April,2023,theM1spacecraftbecamethelatestinalonglineofMoonmissionsthatdidn’tquitemakeit.

Untilnow,onlythreegovernment-fundedspaceagencieshavesoft-landedonMoonandonlyChinaissuccessfulinitsfirstattempt.(然而，在2023年4月25日，M1飛船成為一長(zhǎng)串未能成功著陸的月球任務(wù)中最新的一個(gè)。到目前為止，只有三個(gè)政府資助的航天機(jī)構(gòu)在月球上軟著陸，只有中國首次嘗試成功)”可知，M1宇宙飛船未能在月球表面軟著陸。故選D。【9題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Itsenginesstoppedworkingsoonafterlaunch.(它的引擎在發(fā)射后不久就停止了工作。)”可知，引擎導(dǎo)致了月球手電筒任務(wù)的失敗。故選B?！?0題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“EvenifalandermakesittotheneighborhoodofMoon,itstillhastofinditswaydowntothesurfacewithnoglobal-positioningsatellitesforguidanceandvirtuallynoatmospheretohelptoslowitdown.Onceitgetswithinthecriticallastfewkilometres,itssoftwarehastodealquicklyandautonomouslywithanylast-minutechallenges,suchasitssensorspotentiallybecomingconfusedbylargeamountsofdustkickedupbytheengines.(即使著陸器到達(dá)了月球附近，它仍然需要在沒有全球定位衛(wèi)星引導(dǎo)和幾乎沒有大氣層幫助減速的情況下找到降落到月球表面的路。一旦進(jìn)入關(guān)鍵的最后幾公里，它的軟件就必須迅速自主地應(yīng)對(duì)任何最后時(shí)刻的挑戰(zhàn)，比如它的傳感器可能會(huì)被引擎揚(yáng)起的大量灰塵弄糊涂。)”可知，第四段主要是講成功著陸的挑戰(zhàn)。故選A。【11題詳析】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段“Withoutlessonslearnedfromthe

setbacks andsuccesses,it’salottoaskofaprivatecompanytogetitrightinthefirstattempt.(如果沒有從setbacks和成功中吸取教訓(xùn)，要求私營公司在第一次嘗試時(shí)就把事情做好是很困難的)”可知，此處是指從失敗和成功中學(xué)到的教訓(xùn)，所以setbacks意為“失敗”。故選C。DThegreenrevolutioninthe1960swasoneofthegreatestachievementsinhumanhistory.Bypromotingmoreproductivevarietiesofwheatand,especially,rice,scientistsinIndia,Mexico,ChinaandthePhilippinesdoubledAsia’sriceyieldsfrom1965to1995.Buttheworldhasreachedacrossroadagain.Byoneestimate,theworldwillneedtoproducealmostathirdmorericeby2050.Yetriceproductionhasincreasedbylessthan1%ayearoverthepastdecade.Thishasmanyexplanations.Urbanizationandindustrializationhavemadelabourandfarmlandscarcer(稀缺的).Overuseofchemicalsandirrigationhavepoisonedsoilsanddriedupgroundwater.Butthebiggestreasonmaybeglobalwarmingthatoftenleadstoextremeconditions.HeavyrainsanddroughtslastyearinIndia,theworld’sbiggestriceexporter,ledtoareducedharvestandanexportban.FloodsinPakistan,thefourth-biggestexporter,wipedout15%ofitsriceharvest.Risingsea-levelsarecausingsalttoentertheMekongDelta,Vietnam’s“ricebowl”.Itisgettingworse.Riceisnotjustavictimofclimatechange,butalsoacontributortoit.Itisabiggersourceofgreenhousegasthananyfoodstuffexceptbeef.Ifyoucountthedestructionofforestlandforricefields,thatfootprintisevenbigger.Therefore,governmentsneedtoattractproducersandconsumersawayfromrice.IndiaandIndonesiaarepromotingmillet,whichismorenutritiousandusesmuchlesswater.Cancelingsubsidies(補(bǔ)貼)thatfavourriceoverothercropswouldmakesucheffortsmoreeffective.India,forexample,purchasesricefromfarmers,oftenatabove-marketrates,thendistributesitasfoodaidtothepoor.Itshouldmakeitsinterventionsmorerice-unfriendly,byreplacingsubsidiesandfreericewithincomesupportforfarmersandthepoor.Thatwouldencouragefarmerstochoosethebestcropfortheirlocalconditions—muchofIndia’sagriculturalnorth-westwouldswitchfromricetowheatovernight.PoorIndianswouldbefreetochooseamorebalanceddiet.Asaresult,itwouldcorrectamarketunfavorabletoenvironmentandhealth.12.WhatcanweknowaboutthegreenrevolutioninAsia?A.Ithasremarkablyreducedtheuseofwaterandchemicals.B.Itonceincreasedriceproductionbymorethan3%ayear.C.Ithaspopularizedmoreproductivecrops’especiallywheat.D.IthasbeenmainlyledbyscientistsfromAmericaandEurope.13.Whatisthemostseriousthreattoriceproductionaccordingtothetext?A.Worseningglobalwarming. B.Unnecessarybansonriceexport.C.Loweringpricesforthecrop. D.Urbanizationandindustrialization.14.WhatdoestheauthorsuggesttheIndiangovernmentdo?A.Expandtheplantingofrice. B.Givericefarmersmoresubsidies.C.Replacericewithbetterlocalcrops. D.Distributericeasfoodaidtothepoor.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AchievementsoftheGreenRevolution B.EffortstoPromoteMoreSuitableCropsC.ConsequencesoftheGreenRevolution D.IdeastoFixtheCurrentGlobalRiceCrisis【答案】12.B13.A14.C15.D【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了全球大米危機(jī)這一現(xiàn)象，并給出了合理建議?！?2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Thegreenrevolutioninthe1960swasoneofthegreatestachievementsinhumanhistory.Bypromotingmoreproductivevarietiesofwheatand,especially,rice,scientistsinIndia,Mexico,ChinaandthePhilippinesdoubledAsia’sriceyieldsfrom1965to1995.(20世紀(jì)60年代的綠色革命是人類歷史上最偉大的成就之一。通過推廣更高產(chǎn)的小麥品種，特別是水稻品種，印度、墨西哥、中國和菲律賓的科學(xué)家從1965年到1995年將亞洲的水稻產(chǎn)量提高了一倍)”可知，30年中，水稻的產(chǎn)量增加了一倍，計(jì)算下來，亞洲的綠色革命曾使水稻產(chǎn)量每年增加3%以上。故選B項(xiàng)。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Butthebiggestreasonmaybeglobalwarmingthatoftenleadstoextremeconditions.(但最大的原因可能是全球變暖，它經(jīng)常導(dǎo)致極端情況)”可知，全球變暖加劇是水稻產(chǎn)量的嚴(yán)重威脅。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Therefore,governmentsneedtoattractproducersandconsumersawayfromrice.IndiaandIndonesiaarepromotingmillet,whichismorenutritiousandusesmuchlesswater.Cancelingsubsidies(補(bǔ)貼)thatfavourriceoverothercropswouldmakesucheffortsmoreeffective.India,forexample,purchasesricefromfarmers,oftenatabove-marketrates,thendistributesitasfoodaidtothepoor.Itshouldmakeitsinterventionsmorerice-unfriendly,byreplacingsubsidiesandfreericewithincomesupportforfarmersandthepoor.Thatwouldencouragefarmerstochoosethebestcropfortheirlocalconditions—muchofIndia’sagriculturalnorth-westwouldswitchfromricetowheatovernight.(因此，政府需要吸引生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者遠(yuǎn)離大米。印度和印度尼西亞正在推廣谷子，因?yàn)楣茸痈袪I養(yǎng)，而且耗水量少得多。取消對(duì)大米的補(bǔ)貼將使這些努力更加有效。例如，印度通常以高于市場(chǎng)的價(jià)格從農(nóng)民手中購買大米，然后將其作為糧食援助分發(fā)給窮人。它應(yīng)該通過對(duì)農(nóng)民和窮人的收入支持取代補(bǔ)貼和免費(fèi)大米，使其干預(yù)措施對(duì)大米更加不友好。這將鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)厍闆r選擇最好的作物——印度西北部的大部分農(nóng)業(yè)將在一夜之間從水稻轉(zhuǎn)向小麥)”可推知，作者建議印度政府用更好的當(dāng)?shù)刈魑锎娲竺?，盡力吸引生產(chǎn)者和消費(fèi)者遠(yuǎn)離大米。故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第一段提出的綠色革命對(duì)于人類大米生產(chǎn)的成就，第二段提出世界大米的產(chǎn)量有所下降，第三段講解了這背后的原因，第四段“Riceisnotjustavictimofclimatechange,butalsoacontributortoit.Itisabiggersourceofgreenhousegasthananyfoodstuffexceptbeef.(水稻不僅是氣候變化的受害者，也是氣候變化的推動(dòng)者。它是除牛肉以外最大的溫室氣體來源)”表明大米的生產(chǎn)會(huì)導(dǎo)致溫室氣體的進(jìn)一步加劇造成惡性循環(huán)，最后一段建議印度和印度尼西亞政府應(yīng)該采取的措施可知，本文介紹了全球大米危機(jī)這一現(xiàn)象，并給出了合理建議，D選項(xiàng)“解決當(dāng)前全球大米危機(jī)的思路”適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Vegetablesarefilledwithnutrients.However,kidsusuallyhateeatingthem.Herearefiveofthemostcommonreasonswhymostkidsdon’treallyenjoythem.Kidslackinexposure.Thebestwaytogetkidstoeattheirvegetablesistoensurethattheyareexposedtothemearlyon.____16____.Therefore,ifyouwantyourkidstolovevegetables,start,exposingthemearly.Thevegetablestastebitter.Kidsaresuperintothesweetandsaltyflavors,butsometimesvegetableshaveabittertaste.Thegoodnewsisthatthemoreyoueatvegetables,thelessunpleasantthey’lltaste.Ifyourkidsjustwon’teatthem,youcanmixthemwithotherfoodorcookthemdifferently.____17____.Kidsareallergic(過敏的).Vegetablescontainvitaminsandminerals.____18____.Somekidsareallergictocertainvegetables,makingithardtoeatthem.Soit’sbesttofindoutifyourkidsareallergictoanyvegetablesbeforeyoutrytogetthemtoeat.Kidsareforcedtoconsume.Ifyouhavenoideawhytheydon’teatthem,trygivingthemasnackwithsomevegetables.____19____.Instead,praiseyourkidsforeatingthem.Thenthey’remorelikelytotryandeat.____20____.Sometimeskidsgowiththeflowanddowhatothersdo.Theytendtocopythebehavioroftheirparents.Soifyou’renoteatingyourvegetables,yourkidswon’t,either.Thebottomlineisthatifyourkidsarepickyeaters,it’sprobablybecauseofyou.A.JustkeeptryingB.FamilyhatevegetablesC.However,thisdoesn’tmeanthey’reforeveryoneD.Don’ttrytoohardtogetyourkidstoeatvegetablesE.Somevegetablesarenotfreshanddon’tlookappealingF.Mostkidsdon’tstarteatingvegetablesuntilaboutage2or3G.Whattheyhearaboutvegetablesaffectstheirthoughtsaboutthem【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.D20.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了大多數(shù)孩子不喜歡吃蔬菜的原因及應(yīng)對(duì)方法。【16題詳析】下文“Therefore,ifyouwantyourkidstolovevegetables,start,exposingthemearly.(因此，如果你想讓你的孩子喜歡蔬菜，那就早點(diǎn)讓他們接觸。)”建議讓孩子早點(diǎn)兒接觸蔬菜，選項(xiàng)F“大多數(shù)孩子直到2歲或3歲才開始吃蔬菜”和下文是因果關(guān)系，說明孩子開始接觸蔬菜的年齡。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】上文“Ifyourkidsjustwon’teatthem,youcanmixthemwithotherfoodorcookthemdifferently.(如果你的孩子不吃，你可以把它們和其他食物混合在一起，或者用不同的方法烹飪。)”建議如果孩子不吃，就要想辦法，選項(xiàng)A“要不斷去嘗試(其他方法)”承接上文，建議繼續(xù)去嘗試新的辦法。故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳析】上文“Vegetablescontainvitaminsandminerals.(蔬菜含有維生素和礦物質(zhì)。)”說明蔬菜好處多，選項(xiàng)C“然而，這并不意味著它們適合所有人”承接上文，轉(zhuǎn)折語義，蔬菜雖然好，但也不是適合所有人，引出下文“Somekidsareallergictocertainvegetables,makingithardtoeatthem.(有些孩子對(duì)某些蔬菜過敏，吃起來很困難。)”說明有些孩子就不能吃某些蔬菜。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】下文“Instead,praiseyourkidsforeatingthem.Thenthey’remorelikelytotryandeat.(相反，贊美你的孩子吃了它們。然后他們更有可能嘗試吃東西。)”建議用贊揚(yáng)的方法鼓勵(lì)孩子嘗試吃東西，選項(xiàng)D“不要強(qiáng)迫讓你的孩子吃蔬菜”引領(lǐng)下文，建議態(tài)度不要太強(qiáng)硬，不能強(qiáng)迫。強(qiáng)迫和贊揚(yáng)意義相對(duì)。故選D項(xiàng)。【20題詳析】下文“Sometimeskidsgowiththeflowanddowhatothersdo.Theytendtocopythebehavioroftheirparents.Soifyou’renoteatingyourvegetables,yourkidswon’t,either.Thebottomlineisthatifyourkidsarepickyeaters,it’sprobablybecauseofyou.(有時(shí)孩子們隨大流，做別人做的事。他們傾向于模仿父母的行為。所以如果你不吃蔬菜，你的孩子也不會(huì)吃。最重要的是，如果你的孩子挑食，那可能是因?yàn)槟恪?”說明孩子不吃蔬菜的原因可能是模仿父母的行為，選項(xiàng)B“家人不喜歡蔬菜”概括本段主題，說明家人討厭蔬菜是孩子不吃蔬菜的原因之一。故選B項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。KristinSchellturnedadeliverymistakeintoawaytoconnectwithneighbors.Tenyearsago,herfamily____21____toanewhomeinTexas.Oneday,Kristin____22____afewpicnictablesonlineforapartyinherbackyard.Thedeliverymansetonetabledowninherfrontyard____23____,andKristincouldn’tgetthe____24____outofherhead.“Aftertheparty,Ipaintedthetableturquoise(青綠色)—myfavoritecolor—andputitinthefrontyard,justafewfeetfromthesidewalk,”shesaid.ThatturquoisetablebecametheplacewhereKristinandherkids____25____.Theyusedtodoactivitiesatthekitchentable,buttheynowdidthemoutfrontatthepicnictable.“Wegot____26____aboutwherewespentourtime,”Kristinsaid.Neighborsbegantostopbytointroducethemselvesandsitdownforachat.Kristinaskedpeopleto____27____heratthetableforcoffee.“Itwasasimple____28____toslowdownandconnectwithothers,”shesaid.Theturquoisetablewas____29____andhadasharedfeeling.Peopleoften____30____toinviteothersintotheirhomes.Theythinktheirhouseisnotspacious,ortheydon’thaveenoughtime.Kristin’spicnictabletakesawaythepressureandtheexcuse.____31____bytheact,neighborsputapicnictableintheirfrontyardtoo.Amovementwas____32____.AdecadeaftertheirTexasbeginnings,thousandsofTurquoiseTables____33____inthecountry.Notallofthemareactuallyturquoise.TexasChristianUniversityinFortWorthhasseveralpurpletablesto____34____theirteamcolor.“Nomatterwhat____35____itis,it’safriendshiptable,”Kristinsaid.21.A.admitted B.related C.moved D.applied22.A.changed B.bought C.missed D.held23.A.bychoice B.byluck C.byheart D.bymistake24.A.image B.driver C.truck D.voice25.A.ranout B.calmeddown C.hungout D.sliddown26.A.careful B.worried C.curious D.happy27.A.join B.call C.thank D.save28.A.word B.way C.mind D.ability29.A.terrible B.endless C.familiar D.inviting30.A.expect B.learn C.hesitate D.offer31.A.Inspired B.Qualified C.Forced D.Trusted32.A.recorded B.registered C.born D.paid33.A.exist B.fall C.matter D.agree34.A.ignore B.mix C.hide D.match35.A.grade B.color C.honor D.model【答案】21.C22.B23.D24.A25.C26.D27.A28.B29.D30.C31.A32.C33.A34.D35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文?？死锼雇　ぶx爾(KristinSchell)在前院放置了一張青綠色餐桌，與鄰居和陌生人建立聯(lián)系。在她的宣傳和帶動(dòng)下，現(xiàn)已形成了一場(chǎng)全國性的運(yùn)動(dòng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：十年前，她的家人搬到了德克薩斯州的一個(gè)新家。A.admitted承認(rèn)；B.related聯(lián)系；C.moved移動(dòng)，搬家；D.applied應(yīng)用。由下文“anewhomeinTexas”可知，這里指“搬家”到新家。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一天，Kristin在網(wǎng)上買了幾張野餐桌，準(zhǔn)備在自家后院舉辦派對(duì)。A.changed改變；B.bought買；C.missed錯(cuò)過；D.held持有。由“afewpicnictablesonline”可知，這里指KristinSchell“買了”幾張野餐桌。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：送貨員錯(cuò)誤地把一張桌子放在了她的前院，Kristin無法從腦海中抹掉這一圖像。A.bychoice自愿；B.byluck幸運(yùn)地是；C.byheart背得出，靠記憶；D.bymistake錯(cuò)誤地。由上文“adeliverymistake”可知，這里指“錯(cuò)誤地”把一張桌子放在了前院。故選D項(xiàng)?！?4題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：送貨員錯(cuò)誤地把一張桌子放在了她的前院，Kristin無法從腦海中抹掉這一圖像。A.image圖像，印象；B.driver驅(qū)動(dòng)器；C.truck卡車；D.voice嗓音。由下文“outofherhead”以及語境可知，這里指Kristin無法把桌子放前院的“圖像”從腦海里抹去。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞組辨析。句意：那張綠松石色的桌子成了Kristin和她的孩子們逗留的地方。A.ranout用完；B.calmeddown使...平靜下來；C.hungout閑逛，逗留；D.sliddown滑下。由下文“Theyusedtodoactivitiesatthekitchentable,buttheynowdidthemoutfrontatthepicnictable.”以及語境可知，這里指Kristin和孩子們經(jīng)常在前院這桌子旁“逗留”玩。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我們很高興在那里度過了時(shí)光。A.careful小心的；B.worried憂心忡忡的；C.curious好奇的；D.happy快樂的。由上文“Theyusedtodoactivitiesatthekitchentable”可知，他們很“高興”在那度過快樂的時(shí)光。故選D項(xiàng)?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：Kristin請(qǐng)人們和她一起到桌子旁喝咖啡。A.join加入；B.call呼叫；C.thank謝謝；D.save拯救。由下文“atthetableforcoffee”以及語境可知，Kristin邀請(qǐng)鄰居“加入”自己喝咖啡。故選A項(xiàng)。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這是一種放慢速度并與他人建立聯(lián)系的簡(jiǎn)單方法。A.word單詞；B.way方式；C.mind心智；D.ability能力。由上文“Kristinaskedpeopletoheratthetableforcoffee.”以及語境可知，這樣做是一種很好建立和別人溝通的“方法”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：綠松石色的桌子很有吸引力，有一種共同的感覺。A.terrible糟糕的；B.endless無盡的；C.familiar熟悉的；D.inviting吸引人的。由上文“Theyusedtodoactivitiesatthekitchentable,buttheynowdidthemoutfrontatthepicnictable.”可知，這里指綠松石色的桌子“很有吸引力”。故選D項(xiàng)。【30題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：人們常常在邀請(qǐng)別人到家里做客時(shí)猶豫不決。A.expect預(yù)期；B.learn學(xué)習(xí)；C.hesitate猶豫；D.offer提供。由下文“Theythinktheirhouseisnotspacious,ortheydon’thaveenoughtime.”可知，這里指人們存在擔(dān)心，所以對(duì)邀請(qǐng)別人到家里做客時(shí)“猶豫不決”。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：受此啟發(fā)，鄰居們也在自家前院放了一張野餐桌。A.Inspired啟發(fā)；B.Qualified能勝任；C.Forced強(qiáng)迫；D.Trusted信任。由下文“neighborsputapicnictableintheirfrontyardtoo”可知，鄰居受KristinSchell的行為有所“啟發(fā)”。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一場(chǎng)運(yùn)動(dòng)誕生了。A.recorded記錄；B.registered注冊(cè)；C.born出生，誕生；D.paid支付。由下文“AdecadeaftertheirTexasbeginnings,thousandsofTurquoiseTablesinthecountry”可知，前院放桌子的運(yùn)動(dòng)“誕生”了。故選C項(xiàng)?！?3題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：在得克薩斯州成立十年后，該國已有數(shù)千張綠松石餐桌。A.exist存在；B.fall下降；C.matter要緊；D.agree同意。由上文“neighborsputapicnictableintheirfrontyardtoo”以及語境可知，該國已有數(shù)千張綠松石餐桌“存在”了。故選A項(xiàng)。【34題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：位于沃思堡的得克薩斯基督教大學(xué)有幾張紫色的桌子來搭配他們的球隊(duì)顏色。A.ignore忽略；B.mix混合；C.hide隱藏；D.match搭配。由下文“theirteamcolor”以及語境可知，得克薩斯基督教大學(xué)把桌子弄成紫色是為了“搭配”他們的球隊(duì)顏色故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：不管它是什么顏色，它都是一張友誼桌。A.grade等級(jí)；B.color顏色；C.honor榮譽(yù)；D.model模型。由前文“purpletables”可知，這里指友誼桌應(yīng)不在乎“顏色”。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。GanDewasanancientChineseastronomerbornintheStateofQi.AlongwithShiShen,heisbelievedtobethefirst____36____historyknownbynametoproduceastarcatalogue(星表).Hemade____37____(extreme)detailedobservationsofthefivemajorplanetsduringthe____38____(four)century.GanDemayhavebeenthefirsttodescribeoneofthe____39____(satellite)ofJupiter(木星),usuallyinvisiblewithouttheaidoftelescopes.Hegavethefollowing____40____(describe)ofJupiter’sjourney:Every12yearsJupiterreturnsto____41____samepositioninthesky;every370daysitdisappearsinthefireoftheSunintheeveningtothewest,30dayslateritreappearsinthemorningtotheeast...In1981,Gan’swork____42____(identify)byXiZezongasdescribinganaked-eyeobservationofeitherofthetwo____43____(large)andbrightestsatellitesinsummer365BC.GanwasoneoftheearliestpractitionersofChineseastronomy.Astheearliestattempt____44____(document)theskyduringtheWarringStatesperiod,GanDe’sworkpossesseshighscientificvalue.Hewrotetwobooks,theSuixingJingandtheTianwenXingzhan,____45____sadlybothtextshavebeenlost.Someofhisworks’titlesandfragments(片段)quotedfromthemareknownfromlatertexts.【答案】36.in37.extremely38.fourth39.satellites40.description/descriptions41.the42.wasidentified43.largest44.todocument45.but/yet【語篇解讀】本文為一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了戰(zhàn)國時(shí)期著名的天文學(xué)家甘德，他是中國天文學(xué)的先驅(qū)之一，著有《天文星占》，《歲星經(jīng)》等著作。【36題詳析】考查介詞。句意：他和石珅被認(rèn)為是歷史上第一個(gè)制作星表的人。結(jié)合句意可知，表示“在歷史上”為inhistory。故填in?！?7題詳析】考查副詞。句意：他在公元四世紀(jì)對(duì)五大行星進(jìn)行了極其詳細(xì)的觀測(cè)。空處作狀語修飾detailed，用extreme對(duì)應(yīng)的副詞形式extremely。故填extremely。【38題詳析】考查序數(shù)詞。句意：他在公元四世紀(jì)對(duì)五大行星進(jìn)行了極其詳細(xì)的觀測(cè)。根據(jù)the及century可知，此處為序數(shù)詞，表示“第四”用fourth。故填fourth?！?9題詳析】考查名詞的數(shù)。句意：甘德可能是第一個(gè)描述木星衛(wèi)星的人，通常不借助望遠(yuǎn)鏡是看不見的。oneof后面搭配可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)satellites。故填satellites?！?0題詳析】考查名詞。句意：他對(duì)木星的運(yùn)行歷程作了如下描述：每隔12年，木星會(huì)回到天空中的同一位置；每隔370天，它就會(huì)在太陽的火焰中消失在西邊的晚上，30天后，它又會(huì)在東邊的早晨出現(xiàn)……空處放在gave的后面作賓語，description“描述”可作不可數(shù)名詞，也可作可數(shù)名詞，當(dāng)為