專題16科技智能-備戰(zhàn)2022年中考英語閱讀理解熱點話題特訓

16科技智能Passage1Lookatthesmallcarinthepicture.Infact,it'sasmartstreetsweeper(智能道路清掃機).Itisblackandwhite.Isitlovely?ThesmartstreetsweeperworksinNandaWestStreetinYangquancity,ShanxiProvincethesedays.Ithelpscleanthestreetsmorequicklyandmakestheworkofthecleaningworkerseasier.Tohelpthecleaningworkers,YangquanZhonghuanjieCityEnvironmentalServiceCompanybringthestreetsweeperintothecity.Thiscleaningmachine(機器)cancleanandwaterthestreets,anditcansweep5,000squaremeterseveryhour.Thesameworkcantakesixcleaningworkersoneday!ThemachineusesAItechnology(人工智能技術(shù)).Itcandriveandstopbyitself.GaoMingliang,themanagerofYangquanZhonghuanjieCityEnvironmentalServiceCompany,saysthatthestreetsweeperhelpsthecleaningworkersalotwhenalotofleavesfellontothestreets.YangquanZhonghuanjieCityEnvironmentalServiceCompanywillnextputmorestreetsweepersinotherstreets.1．Whydoesthecompanybringthestreetsweeperintothecity?A．Tomakelotsofmoney(錢). B．Tomakethecitybeautiful.C．Tostudythestreetsweeper. D．Tohelpthecleaningworkers.2．Howlongwillittakesixcleaningworkerstosweep10,000squaremeters?A．Aboutoneday. B．Abouttwodays. C．Aboutthreedays. D．Aboutfourdays.3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthestreetsweeper?A．Itcannotwaterthestreets. B．Itcandriveandstopbyitself.C．Itlookslikeablackandwhitecar. D．Ithelpscleanthestreetsmorequickly.4．What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?A．Acleanstreet. B．Agreatcity. C．Asmartmachine. D．Agreatcompany.Passage2Thisyear’stwosessions(兩會)featurednotonlynewreportsandproposals(提案),butalsotheuseofadvancedtechnology.AIanchor(主播)Theworld’sfist3DAInewsanchorwasintroducedbyXinhuaonMay22nd,2020.NamedXinXiaoweitheanchorreportedonthetwosessions.Shecanmovearoundeasily,makegesturesandshowfacialexpressionslikenoddingandblinking(眨眼).Shecanevenchangeherclothesandhairstyle.TheAIanchorwas“cloned”afterZhaoWanwei,aXinhuareporter.Designersusedahigh-techhelmettocollectdatafromZhao.Theyalsousedhundredsofcamerastorecordhermovements.SpecialinterviewsDoctorCaiWeipingisadeputytotheNationalPeople’sCongress.OnMay20th,2020,hetookpartinaspecialtalkwithXinhua.Heandthereporterwereintwodifferentcities.Butpeoplecouldseetheirholographicimages(全息影像)onthesamescreen.Itlookedliketheywereinthesameroom.Thiswasmadepossiblethankstoholographicimagingtechniques(技術(shù)),aswellas5Gtechnology.Holographicimagingisawaytoshow3Dimagesofpeopleorthings.Itneedshigh-speeddatathatisonlypossiblewith5G.5．Theworld’sfirst3DAInewsanchorwasintroducedby________onMay22nd,2020.A．Renmin B．Xinhua C．Qiushi D．Fenghuang6．Theunderlinedword“It”refersto“________”.A．Thesamescreen B．The3Dimage C．The5Gtechnology D．Theholographicimaging7．Wherecanweprobablyreadthispassage?A．Inamoviemagazine. B．Inahealthmagazine. C．Inasciencemagazine. D．InasportsmagazinePassage3Technology（技術(shù)）isveryimportantinourlifetoday.FourstudentsfromDublintellushowtheyusetechnologyinthecity.1.OnlineShoppingIloveonlineshopping.Isendmyshoppinglisttothesupermarketandtheysendthethingstomyhouse.It’ssoeasyariditsavesmelotsoftime.2.TabletsIuseatablettogetonlineIlookuptheopeningtimesofshopsandmuseums.Ialsofindoutwhat’splayingatthecinemaandwhattimefilmsstart.It’seasier,cheaperandquickerthanaphonecall.3.Apps&SmartphonesI’mlearningFrench.ButIhaven’tgotmuchtimetopracticeit.NowI’mlearningwordsandexpressionswithanapponmysmartphone.It’sgreatbecauseIcanuseitanywhereinthecity.4.WIFIZones&LaptopsI’mlucky.I’vegotasmalllaptop.Iuseittosendemailsandtochatwithmyfriends.IcannowdothosethingsinthecitycenterbecausetherearelotsofplaceswithfreeWIFIzonescafes,thelibrary,parks,eta,likeusingmylaptopinthepark.Icandomyhomeworkandgetfreshairatthesametime!8．Whogetsonlinetolookuptheopeningtimesofmuseums?A．Lucas. B．Jessica. C．Sophia. D．Ava.9．WhatdoesJessicausehersmartphonetodo?A．Tobuyfruits. B．Tosendemails. C．TolearnFrench. D．Tocheckinformation.10．WheredoesLucasliketousehislaptop?A．Inthelibrary. B．Inthepark. C．Inthecafe. D．Inthesupermarket.11．Thetechnologyhelpsthestudentslivea________life.A．busy B．lucky C．happy D．hardPassage4“Bookswillsoonbeobsolete(廢棄的，淘汰的)inschools,”ThomasEdisonsaidin1913:theywould,hebelieved,soonbereplacedbysilentfilms.Eachnewinventionhasbroughtthesimilarpredictions.Andeachtime,theoldtechnologiesofbooks,classroomsandteachershavestayed.Liketeachers,educationaltechnologycomesinmanyforms,fromwonderfultoterrible.But,usedproperly,itnowisimportantinschools,especiallyinpourareas.TheUN’sgoalsincludedthatby2015alltheworld’schildrenwouldfinishprimaryschool.Thegoalhasbeenachieved:nineoutoftenchildrenarenowatschool.However,thefigureisnotasbrilliantasitsounds.Evenmostofthechildrengotoschool,alotofthemlearnprettymuchnothingthere.ArecentWorldBankstudyshows,halfofnine-year-oldchildreninanAfricancountrycannotreadasimplewordandathree-fourthscannotreadasimplesentence.Thereasonisterribleteaching.Only7%oftheteachershadthenecessaryknowledgeandhalfthetimetheteacherwasnotintheclassroom.Payingteachersmore,inhopeofbetterones,isnottheanswer.Manymethodsaretriedandthingsdon’tchangemuch.Severalstudiessuggested-techcanhelp.Itseemstohaveaneffect.Butitdoesnotmeanputtingcomputersonschoolsinthehopethatchildrenwillunderstandhowtousethem.Iftheydoso,plentyofmoneyiswasted.Instead,itmeansofferingschoolswithsoftwarethatchildrencanusewithalittlehelpfromanadult.Inthisway,wecangetthingsrightmoreoftenandmanythingscanbeincontrol.Technologycannotbeeverything.Goodtraditionalteachersarenotobsolete,buted-techcanhelpgreatly--bothstudentsandteachersintheirownway.12．Withthenewinventions,books,classroomsandteachers________A．becomemoreimportant B．surviveallalongC．a(chǎn)reclearedout D．becomesilentfilms13．WhatwasUN’sgoalforprimaryschools?A．Allthekidscompleteprimaryschool. B．90%ofkidgotoschool.C．Halfchildrencanreadsimplewords. D．Three-fourthsofkidscanreadsentences.14．Whydidkidslearnpoorlyatschoolaccordingtothepassage?A．Theydidn’tworkhardenough. B．Therewerenoteachersintheclassroom.C．Theteachersdidn’thaveanyknowledge. D．Theteachersteachterribly.15．Whatdoestheunderlineworded-techmean?A．網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技 B．軟件技術(shù) C．教育科技 D．教學技能16．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofed-tech?A．Theauthorthinksitisuseful. B．Theauthordoubtsitisuseful.C．Theauthorthinksteacherswillbeobsolete. D．Theauthordoesn’tlikeitatall.Passage5Manyyoungpeoplelikeeatingchocolates.Theyareverydelicious.Manypeoplealsoknowsomethingabout3Dtechnology(技術(shù)).Andthe3Dtechnologyischangingourlives.TodayIwilltellyousomethingaboutbothofthem.Acompany3D-prints(3D打印)allkindsofchocolates.Thesechocolatesarecolorfulandhealthy.Theyalsohavedifferentshapes.Somearelikebears,somearelikedogsandothersarelikehorses.Butpeoplecan'tbuytheminanysupermarketatthemoment.ThecompanyisfromBelgium(比利時).Anditisaveryfamouscompany.Becausethechocolatesarehardtotransport(運送),thecompanywantstoopenlotsofshopsaroundtheworld.Ibelievewewillbeabletoeatchocolatesmadeby3Dprintersinthefuture.17．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"referto?①chocolates②3Dtechnology③youngpeople④acompanyA．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④18．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaboutthechocolatesmadeby3Dprinters?A．Theyarecolorfulandhealthy. B．Theyhavedifferentshapes.C．Someofthemlooklikesomeanimals. D．Therearesomeoftheminsupermarketsnow.19．Theunderlinedword"shape"means________inChinese.A．巧克力 B．顏色 C．動物 D．形狀20．Whydoesthecompanywanttoopenshopsaroundtheworld?A．BecausethecompanyisfromBelgium. B．Becauseitschocolatescomefrom3Dprinters.C．Becausethechocolatesarehardtotransport. D．Becausethechocolatesareverydelicious.21．Thepassagemaycomefrom________.A．a(chǎn)report B．a(chǎn)sciencebook C．a(chǎn)storybook D．a(chǎn)noticePassage6About30yearsago,Chinawasknownasthe“BicycleKingdom”.Withthedevelopmentofourcountry,peopleprefertouseothermodernvehicleslikesubwayandcars.Becauseofthenewtechnology(技術(shù)),in2014,bike-sharingcameintopeople’slives.YoufindanOfoorMobikebike,scanitsQRcode,thenthebikeisyours.Afterusingit,youcanparkthebikealmostanywhere.Accordingtoaresearch,atthefirstweekofthisyear,thereare5.85millionactiveusersofMobikewhileOfohad1.4millionactiveusers.Bike-sharinghasbecomemoreandmorepopularacrossChina’smajorcitiesandmuchnewshasreportedit.However,therearesomeproblemscausedbybike-sharing.Ononeside,bike-sharingmakesitveryconvenientofpeopletraveling.Youcanfindabicycleanywhereatanytimewhenyouwanttogooutforacycling,andthepriceofonetripisverylow.Itcansavetimeforpeople.Ontheotherside,itsmanagementisnotperfect.Evenkidscanopenthelockandridethebicycle,itissurelyverydangerous.What’smore,somepeoplebreakit,likethrowittotheriverordestroytheQRcodeaboveit.Infact,theseproblemsarealsoshowedbybike-sharingsystemsabroad.Now,Chinesearetryingtosolvetheseproblems.Forexample,Mobikesetsa100-pointcreditscore(信用分數(shù))foreachuser.Onceascoredropsbelow80,bikerental(租金)isincreasedto100yuanper30minutes,whichis0.5—1yuannow.22．HowmanyactiveusersofMobikebikeandOfobikehave?A．5.85million. B．1.4million. C．4.45million. D．7.25million.23．Whybike-sharingbecomesmoreandmorepopular?A．Becauseitisconvenientforpeopletotravel.B．Becausethepriceofonetripisverylow.C．Becauseitcansavetimeforpeople.D．Becauseofallthereasonsabove.24．Whatdoestheunderlineword"management"meaninChinese?A．經(jīng)理 B．管理 C．信息 D．能力25．WhichoneisNOTtrueaccordingtothearticle?A．Chineseusedtoridebikestoschoolandtoworkmanyyearsago.B．MobikehasmoreactiveusersthanOfoatthefirstweekofthisyear.C．TheQRcodeabovethebikecan’tbedestroyed.D．BothChinaandtheforeigncountriesmeetthesamebike-sharingproblemsPassage7Sooncomputersandothermachineswillbeabletorememberyoubylookingatyoureyes!Theprogramworksbecauseeveryone’seyesaredifferent.Sointhefutureyouwon’thavetorememberanumberwhenyouwanttouseamachineortakemoneyoutofabank.You’lljusthavetolookatthemachineanditwillbeabletotellwhoyouare.Theeye-recognition（眼睛識別）programhasalreadybeentestedinshopsandbanksintheUSA,Britain,Spain,ItalyandTurkey.Soonthistechnology（技術(shù)）willtaketheplaceofallotherwaysoffindingoutwhopeopleare.However,scientistsarealsoworkingonothersystems.Machineswillsoonbeabletoknowyoufromtheshapeofyourfaceorhandorevenyoursmell!Wealreadyhavemachinesthatcantellwhoyouarefromyourvoiceorthemarkmadebyyourfinger.Eye-recognitionisbetterthanotherkindsbecauseyoureyesdon’tchangeasyougetolder,anddon’tgetdirtylikehandsorfingers,andeventwinshavedifferenteyes.Sotheeye-recognitionprogramcanbeupto94%correct,dependingonhowgoodthetechnologyis.However,someotherprogramsmayonlybe51%correctatpresent.InBritain,itwasfoundthat91%ofpeoplewhohadtrieditsaidthattheylikedtheideaofeye-recognition.Inthefutureyourcomputerwillbelookingyouintheeye.Sosmile!26．Whereistheeye-recognitionprogrambeingtested?A．ShopsinChina. B．SchoolsinBritain. C．BanksinAmerican.27．Whichrecognitionprogramisalreadyinuse?A．Smell-recognition. B．Finger-recognition. C．Face-recognition.28．Howmanyrecognitionprogramsarementionedinthistext?A．4 B．5 C．629．What’sthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Mostpeopleliketheeye-recognition.B．Computerscanrememberyoubylookingatyourclothes.C．Theeye-recognitionisthebestprogram.30．Whyarescientistsworkingontherecognitionprograms?A．Tomakepeople’slifeeasier.B．Tomakethebusinessdevelopbetter.C．Tomakecomputersandmachinesworkfaster.Passage8SaraDu,a16-year-oldChinese-Americangirl,startedwritingcomputerprogramstwoyearsagoafterreadingnewarticlesaboutkidswhocreatedsmartphoneapps.Shethenboughtan828bookaboutcreatingappsandspentanhourortwoeverydaylearningtoprogram.“Itwasn’tdifficult,becauseitwasfun,”Dusaid.“ItwasdifferentfromwhatIlearnedatschool.”InJanuary,Duwashonoredatatechtradeshow(技術(shù)貿(mào)易展)intheUnitedStatesfordevelopingBluejay,asmartphoneappthathelpstofindmissingpeople.Rescuers(救援者)canflyadriverless(無人駕駛)planethatcancollectinformation,suchasGPS,ofthosemissingpersons.That’sbecausethesmartphoneofamissingpersoncansendsignalstoachip(芯片)onthedriverlessplanethroughBluetooth.DucameupwiththeideaforBluejaybasedonherownexperiencein2015,whenshehadtowaitaloneinaquietparkintheeveningbecauseshecouldn’tgetawirelesssignal(無線信號).Shestayedinthedarkpark,worryingaboutwildanimals.Ittookmorethantwohoursuntilherfathershowedup.“Iwasthinking,‘AfterIgetout,I’mgoingtosolvethisproblem,’”Dusaid.Shethenstartedtheprojectandworkedonitnearlyeverydayforthenexttwomonths.“IhavemoreconfidenceinwhatIdonow,”shesaid.“Gettingsomegoodnewsonceinawhilemakesmefeelgood.”31．SaraDustartedwritingcomputerprogramsattheageof________.A．14 B．16 C．18 D．2032．Theunderlinedword“It”inParagraph2refersto________.A．readingnews B．writingarticles C．programming D．usingapps33．SaraDucreatedBluejayto________.A．helptofindmissingpeople B．enjoymusic C．listentotheradio D．studyonline34．ThefourthparagraphmainlytellsuswhySaraDu________.A．stayedinthedarkparkalone B．hadtheideaofcreatingBluejayC．lostherwayinthedarkpark D．soldherapptothetechtrade35．Whichofthefollowingistrue?A．Onedayin2015,Sarawenttoaparktoseewildanimalsandgotlost.B．ItwashardbutfunforSaratolearnprogrammingbyherself.C．ThedriverlessplanesendssignalstothelostpersonthroughBluetooth.D．In2015,Sarahadtowaitinaparkallbyherselfoneevening..【答案】1．D2．B3．A4．C【分析】本文主要向我們介紹了智能道路清掃機。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Ithelpscleanthestreetsmorequicklyandmakestheworkofthecleaningworkerseasier.”可知，它幫助清潔街道更快，使清潔工人的工作更容易。故選D。2．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“…anditcansweep5,000squaremeterseveryhour.Thesameworkcantakesixcleaningworkersoneday!”可知，清掃5000平方米需要6個清潔工工作一天，所以10000平方米需要6清潔工工作兩天，故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Thiscleaningmachinecancleanandwaterthestreets”可知，智能道路清掃機可以給街道灑水，A項錯誤。故選A。4．標題歸納題。本文主要向我們介紹了智能道路清掃機，用“Asmartmachine.”做標題最合適。故選C。5．B6．D7．C【分析】本文介紹了2020年兩會帶火了這些黑科技：3D人工智能主播新小微和全息成像技術(shù)。5．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Theworld’sfist3DAInewsanchorwasintroducedbyXinhuaonMay22nd,2020.”可知，2020年5月22日，新華社推出全球首個3D人工智能新聞主播。故選B。6．代詞指代題。根據(jù)“Holographicimagingisawaytoshow3Dimagesofpeopleorthings.”可推知，它需要只有5G才能實現(xiàn)的高速數(shù)據(jù)。此處的1t代指Holographicimaging。故選D。7．推理判斷題。本文介紹了2020年兩會帶火了這些黑科技：3D人工智能主播新小微和全息成像技術(shù)。因此可推知，我們可能在科技雜志上讀到這篇文章。故選C。8．D9．C10．B11．C【分析】本文主要介紹了來自城里的四位同學介紹了他們使用科學技術(shù)的情況。8．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IuseatablettogetonlineIlookuptheopeningtimesofshopsandmuseums.”可知是Ava用平板電腦上網(wǎng)，查閱商店和博物館的開門時間，故選D。9．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“I’mlearningFrench.ButIhaven’tgotmuchtimetopracticeit.NowI’mlearningwordsandexpressionswithanapponmysmartphone”可知Jessica用手機學習法語，故選C。10．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“IcannowdothosethingsinthecitycenterbecausetherearelotsofplaceswithfreeWIFIzonescafes,thelibrary,parks,eta,likeusingmylaptopinthepark”可知Lucas在公園里使用筆記本，故選B。11．推理判斷題。根據(jù)四人的介紹：網(wǎng)購、學習法語、隨時隨地上網(wǎng)等，可知科技幫助學生過上幸福的生活，故選C。12．B13．A14．D15．C16．A【解析】本文談?wù)摻逃夹g(shù)。托馬斯·愛迪生在1913年說：“學校里的書很快就會過時了，他們很快就會被無聲電影取代?！泵恳豁椥掳l(fā)明都帶來了相似的預測。每一次，書籍、教室和教師的舊技術(shù)都留下來了。教育技術(shù)使用得當，它現(xiàn)在在學校很重要。技術(shù)不是萬能的。優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)教師并不過時，但教育技術(shù)可以極大地幫助學生和教師。12．題意：隨著新發(fā)明的出現(xiàn)，書籍、教室和教師________________?？疾榧毠?jié)理解。A.becomemoreimportant變得更重要；B.surviveallalong一直生存下去；C.areclearedout被清除；D.becomesilentfilms成為無聲電影。根據(jù)第1段第4句Andeachtime,theoldtechnologiesofbooks,classroomsandteachershavestayed.（每一次，書籍、教室和教師的舊技術(shù)都留下來了。）可知選B。13．題意：聯(lián)合國的小學目標是什么？考查細節(jié)理解。A.Allthekidscompleteprimaryschool.所有的孩子都讀完小學；B.90%ofkidgotoschool.90%的孩子上學；C.Halfchildrencanreadsimplewords.一半的孩子能讀簡單的單詞；D.Three-fourthsofkidscanreadsentences.四分之三的孩子會讀句子。根據(jù)第2段第1句TheUN’sgoalsincludedthatby2015alltheworld’schildrenwouldfinishprimaryschool.（聯(lián)合國的目標包括到2015年，全世界所有兒童都將完成小學學業(yè)。）可知選A。14．題意：根據(jù)本文，為什么孩子在學校學習不好？考查細節(jié)理解。A.Theydidn’tworkhardenough.他們工作不夠努力；B.Therewerenoteachersintheclassroom.教室里沒有老師；C.Theteachersdidn’thaveanyknowledge.老師們沒有任何知識；D.Theteachersteachterribly.老師們教得很差。根據(jù)第3段特別是倒數(shù)第2句Thereasonisterribleteaching.（原因是糟糕地教學。）可知孩子在學校學習不好是因為老師們教得很差。選D。15．題意：下畫線單詞ed-tech是什么意思？考查詞義猜測題。A.網(wǎng)絡(luò)科技；B.軟件技術(shù)；C.教育科技；D.教學技能。根據(jù)第5段第4句Instead,itmeansofferingschoolswithsoftwarethatchildrencanusewithalittlehelpfromanadult（相反，它意味著向?qū)W校提供軟件，兒童可以在成人的幫助下使用。）可知ed-tech是教育科技（ed是education（教育）的前兩個字母，technology是科技的前三個字母）；故選C。16．題意：作者對ed-tech有什么看法？考查細節(jié)理解。A.Theauthorthinksitisuseful.作者認為它很有用；B.Theauthordoubtsitisuseful.作者懷疑它是否有用；C.Theauthorthinksteacherswillbeobsolete.作者認為教師會過時；D.Theauthordoesn’tlikeitatall.作者一點也不喜歡。根據(jù)第6段第2句Goodtraditionalteachersarenotobsolete,buted-techcanhelpgreatly--bothstudentsandteachersintheirownway.（優(yōu)秀的傳統(tǒng)教師并不是過時的，但教育技術(shù)可以以他們自己的方式極大地幫助學生和教師。）可知作者認為ed-tech很有用；選A。17．A18．D19．D20．C21．B【分析】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了由3D打印技術(shù)制作的巧克力。17．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Manyyoungpeoplelikeeatingchocolates…Manypeoplealsoknowsomethingabout3Dtechnology(技術(shù)).”可知，劃線部分them指代的是前文中提到的巧克力和3D技術(shù)。故選A。18．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Butpeoplecan'tbuytheminanysupermarketatthemoment.”可知，目前由3D打印技術(shù)制作的巧克力在任何超市都不能購買到。故選D。19．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第三段“Theyalsohavedifferentshapes.Somearelikebears,somearelikedogsandothersarelikehorses.”可知，由3D打印制作的巧克力有的像熊，有的像狗，有的像馬，這些都是不同的形狀，故shape意為“形狀”。故選D。20．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Becausethechocolatesarehardtotransport(運送),thecompanywantstoopenlotsofshopsaroundtheworld.”可知，因為巧克力很難運輸，所以公司想在世界各地開很多商店。故選C。21．推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要介紹了3D技術(shù)以及由3D打印制作的巧克力，屬于科學范疇，故本文可能來源于一本科學書籍。故選B。22．D23．D24．B25．C【分析】本文主要介紹了共享單車的便利之處以及它所引起的問題。22．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“thereare5.85millionactiveuse