人教版八年級英語上冊 Unit 1 Section A知識點梳理

Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?SectionA一般過去時定義:表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)時間狀語：lastsummer/month/week/year/nightyesterday/yesterdaymorning/twodaysago/in2020/justnow/thedaybeforeyesterday不規(guī)則動詞的過去式am/is—wasare—weredo/does—didgo—wentbuy—boughtswim—swammeet—metsee—sawtake—tookfeed—fedfeel—felthave—hadeat—ateride—rodeget—gotbring—broughtforget—forgotstay—stayedstudy—studiedstop—stoppedP11.--Wheredidyougoonvacation?--I(go)tothemountains.我去了山區(qū)。這是一個特殊疑問句,由特殊疑問詞＋助動詞＋主語＋動詞+其它?構(gòu)成。由于是詢問已發(fā)生的動作,所以助動詞用過去式did,其后的動詞用原形。gotothebeachgotothebeach/mountions/farm/library/去海邊/山區(qū)/農(nóng)場/圖書館gotosummer/winnercamp去夏/冬令營gocamping去野營gotoNewYorkCity去紐約市g(shù)otoCenteralPark去中心公園goonvacation去度假gotothemovies去看電影gotothemovies去看電影2.visit(拜訪)myunclevisit(參觀)museumsvisitor(游客)3.stayathome待在家stayuplate熬夜studyfortestsP2(2b)Didyougowithanyone?anyone復合不定代詞，意為“有人，任何人”，相當于anybody,常用于否定句或疑問句中，代替someone/somebody，肯定句中用someone。eg.Didanyonecallmejustnow?Someoneisknockingatthedoor.當anyone/anybody表示“任何人”時，可用于肯定句。eg.Anyonecancomeheretoattendtheparty.Didyoubuyanythingspecial?adj.修飾anyone,someone,anything,something等不定代詞時，adj.要后置。eg.Didyoumeetanyoneinteresting? Didyoudoanythinginteresting?anything,something,nothing和everything是用于指代事物的復合不定代詞，與之相對應的復合不定代詞anyone,someone,noone和everyone(anybody,somebody,nobody和everybody)用于指人。buysb.sth=buysth.forsb.給某人買某物eg.Mymotherboughtmeabicycle.=Mymotherboughtabicycleforme.P2(2d)Longtimenosee.好久不見。此句話用于交際用語中，是老朋友好久不見時的寒暄語。Didyougoanywhereintresting?somewhere意為“在某處”，常用于肯定句中，anywhere意為“在任何地方”，常用于否定句和疑問句中。everywhere意為“到處；各個地方”，相當于hereandthere。Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.我們在那里拍了不少照片。quiteafew相當多；不少修飾可數(shù)n.復數(shù)quitealittle許多修飾不可數(shù)n.quitealotof許多修飾可數(shù)n.復數(shù)/不可數(shù)n.quitealot許多修飾v.takephotos拍照takeaphoto/photosofsb./sth給某人拍照quite相當修飾adj.quitetired9.Notreally.=Notmuch./Nothingmuch.沒什么。10.mostofthetime意為“大部分時間”其中most為代詞，意為“大多數(shù)”。mostof...意為“……中的大多數(shù)”，其后既可以跟可數(shù)n.復數(shù)或不可數(shù)n.也可跟代詞。它作主語時，謂語動詞的單復數(shù)形式取決于mostof后的名詞或者代詞。eg：Mostofusaregoingtothepark.我們大多數(shù)人要去公園。Mostofthefoodgoesbad.大部分的食物都變質(zhì)了。most用作adj.意為“大多數(shù)的；大部分的”。eg：Mostchildrenlikeplayingfootballverymuch.大部分的孩子非常喜歡踢足球。P3(3a)11.復合不定代詞的用法thing(指物)one(指人)body(指人)wheresome某物/事某人某人某地any任何事任何人任何人任何地方every每件事每個人每個人到處no什么也沒有沒人沒人在這些復合不定代詞中，除noone以外，其他都要寫成一個詞。不定代詞作主語，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。eg.Everyoneisexcellent.adj.修飾不定代詞，要放在其后(需后置)Iwanttodosomethinginteresting.nothing=notanythingeg.Iboughtnothing.=Ididn’tbuyanything.Iwouldlikesomethingtodrink.(v.不定式作后置定語修飾不定代詞)12.Howdidyoulikeit?你覺得它怎么樣？常用來詢問對方對某人或某事物的看法Howdoyoulikeit?Whatdoyouthinkofit?Howdoyoufeelaboutit?Howisit？13.Whydon’tyoudosth.?=Whynotdosth?14.goshopping/swimming/boating/fishing/camping15.Ofcourse.=Sure./Certainly.16.反身代詞的用法單數(shù)復數(shù)第一人稱myselfourselves第二人稱yourselfyourselves第三人稱herself/himself/itselfthemselves反身代詞多用于v.或prep后作賓語，強調(diào)某人自己，反身代詞應與自己的邏輯主語保持人稱和數(shù)的一致。eg.IteachmyselfEnglish.含反身代詞的常用詞組：teachoneself自學learn...byoneself自學……byoneself獨自enjoyoneself玩得高興，過得愉快helponeself隨便用/吃P3(3b)17.Theonlyproblemwasthattherewasnothingmuchtodointheeveningbutread.唯一的問題是晚上除了讀書沒什么事可做。nothingmuchtodo意為“沒什么事可做”，其中todo作后置定語，修飾nothing.but作介詞的用法“除......之外”18.seem的用法seem作系動詞,意為“好像；似乎；看來”,其后常接形容詞作表語。eg.Heseemsbored.seemtodosth.似乎/好像做某事eg.Heseemstokonweverything.Itseemsthat...看起來好像...eg.Itseemsthatitisgoingtorain.19.形容詞的-ed與-ing形容詞的-ed形式用來修飾人/人做主；形容詞的-ing形式用來修飾物/物做主interestingboringexcitingsurprisingrelaxinginterestedboredexcite