專題04 任務(wù)型閱讀-5年（2018-2022）中考1年模擬英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編（北京專用）（解析版）

5年（2018-2022）中考1年模擬英語真題分項(xiàng)匯編（北京專用）專題04任務(wù)型閱讀（2022年北京市中考英語真題）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。WorkingOutthroughOnlineVideosPhysicalexerciseisgoodforourmind,bodyandspirit.Today,workingoutthroughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.SincetheInternetiswidelyused,it’sveryeasyforustodoso.Thatmeanswecanworkoutanytimeanywhere.Oneofmyfriends,LinFei.followedshortworkoutvideostododailyexercise.“Withliveprograms,Ifeellikeworkingoutwithmyfriends,whichencouragesmetoholdontothelastminute.”shesaid.Anotherfriendofmine,Michael,toldmethatworkoutvideoslethimfeelsocomfortable.“Ihaveafearofworkingoutatthegym（健身房）becauseIdon’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.Workingoutathomemakesworkingoutmuchmoreenjoyable.”hesaid.Withtheirexamples,Idecidedtogiveitatry.WhenItoldmyplantomyeldersister,aP.E.teacher,sheremindedmethatworkoutvideoscouldbehelpfulbutmightstillcarrysomeproblems.“Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswilling（愿意的）toworkouttoyourbest.Workingoutatthegymallowsyoutohaveadviceinrealtimeandgetpushedharder.”mysistersaidtome.“Well,ifyoureallywanttohaveatry.first,chooseproperprogramsorvideos.That’sveryimportant.Andthenaskyourfriendsforadvice.Theirexperiencescangiveyouagoodsightintowhatyoucanexpect.Anyway,don’tbeaddicted（沉迷的）toit.Youshouldtrydifferentwaystoworkouttobehealthy.”Athersuggestions,Ifinallyfollowedanonlineworkoutprogramwithpersonalizedhelpthatisheldforthreemonths.Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamount（量）ofworkalongwithastrongwill.Comparedwithgoingtothegym,usingonlinevideostoworkoutisamuchcheaperandtime-savingchoice.ButitcanbedifficultsometimeswhenI’mtoolazyortoobusytosticktoit.34．Whichwaytoworkoutisbecomingverypopulartoday?__________________________________________________________________35．WhydoesMichaeldislikeworkingoutatthegym?__________________________________________________________________36．Whatistheproblemofworkingoutwithoutsomeoneelseinperson?__________________________________________________________________37．Howdidthewriterfeelabouthisfirstperiodoftraining?__________________________________________________________________38．Wouldyouliketofollowonlinevideostoworkout?Whyorwhynot?__________________________________________________________________【答案】34．Workingoutthroughonlinevideos.35．Becausehedoesn’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.36．Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.37．Itisverypracticalandhelpful.38．Yes.BecauseIfeelfreeandrelaxedwhenIfollowonlinevideostoworkout.Itdoesn’tcostmoneyandsavesmytime.【解析】本文是一篇記敘文，作者在朋友的鼓勵下跟著視頻進(jìn)行鍛煉，這是方便又節(jié)省時間的選擇。34．根據(jù)“Today,workingoutthroughonlinevideosisbecomingverypopular.”可知，如今，通過在線視頻健身變得非常流行。故填Workingoutthroughonlinevideos.35．根據(jù)“IhaveafearofworkingoutatthegymbecauseIdon’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.”可知，Michael害怕在健身房鍛煉，因?yàn)椴幌矚g被別人注視。故填Becausehedoesn’tlikebeingwatchedbyothers.36．根據(jù)“Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.”可知，如果沒有和某人在一起，你就不太愿意努力做到最好。故填Withoutbeingwithsomeoneinperson,youwillbelesswillingtoworkouttoyourbest.37．根據(jù)“Afterthefirstperiodoftraining,IfeltitverypracticalandhelpfulwhenIputintherightamountofworkalongwithastrongwill.”可知，在第一階段的訓(xùn)練后，我覺得我投入了適量的工作和堅強(qiáng)的意志，這是非常實(shí)際和有用的。故填I(lǐng)tisverypracticalandhelpful.38．本題屬于開放性試題，言之有理即可。參考答案：Yes.BecauseIfeelfreeandrelaxedwhenIfollowonlinevideostoworkout.Itdoesn’tcostmoneyandsavesmytime.2021年北京中考真題四、閱讀回答問題Screen-FreeDaysIrememberthefirsttimeIsuggestedscreen-freedaysinourschooltosomeofourstudentleaders.Jokingly,Isaidtothegroup,“Whatdoyouthinkifwegoaweekwithoutusingourlaptopsorsmartphones?”Theylaughed,andoneofthemsaid,“Noway,Mr.White.Theywouldbetoomuch.”Icouldfeeltheirworry,andtoldthemthatIwasonlyconsideringsinglescreen-freedays.Eventhatidealeftthemfeelingupset.Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.Manyofmystudentsstarttheirdaybycheckingtheirsmartphones.Ioftenseethemlookingattheirphoneswhengettingoffthebusoratparents’drop-off,theycan’tusetheirown“screens”atschool.Theyusuallyworkoncomputersatschoolforatleasttwohoursduringtheday.It’sclearthatourstudentsspendalotoftimeonscreens.Wedoseethebenefitsoftechnology.However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That’swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.Duringthecourseoftheyear,wehavebuiltinseveralscreen-freedaysthatrequireustomakedifferentplansforourstudentsabouthowtheywillcommunicatewithoneanotherandtheworldaroundthemwithout“screens”.Forsometeachers,thismeansbringingbackavaluablelessonplanthathasbeenputoffforsometimebecauseitis“outofdate”.Othershavedesignedsomethingcompletelynew.Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脫)games,areorganizedatschool.Intheseactivities,studentssocializewithoutsmartphonesandhaveface-to-facecommunicationwithoutcheckingon“l(fā)ikes”they’vegotonline.Thesefunactivitiesalsomakeitpossibleforthewholegradetoenjoythecompanyoftheirfriendswithnosmartphones.Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.Findingwaystohelpourstudentsconnectwithoneanotherisimportant.Whiletechnologyisalreadypartofourworld,itshouldn’tplaysuchanimportantroleinalearner’slife.34．Howmanyhoursdomoststudentsintheschoolspendonscreenseveryday?35．Whyhavetheteacherscomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays?36．Whatfunactivitiescanthestudentshaveatschool?37．Howdidthestudentsfeelafterthefirstscreen-freeday?38．Whatdoyouthinkoftheideaofscreen-freedays?Whydoyouthinkso?【答案】34．Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.35．Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.36．Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.37．Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.38．本題屬于開放性試題，言之有理即可。參考答案：Ithinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnotonlygoodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.

【分析】本文向我們介紹學(xué)校的無屏幕日，起初學(xué)生認(rèn)為這是不可能的，但是慢慢發(fā)現(xiàn)無屏幕日帶來更多的是好處。34．根據(jù)“Accordingtoasurveywedid,moststudentsinourschoolspendaboutsixhoursadayonscreens.”可知，根據(jù)調(diào)查，學(xué)校的大多數(shù)學(xué)生每天花大約6小時在屏幕上。故填Theyspendaboutsixhoursonscreenseveryday.35．根據(jù)“However,weteachersalsowanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.That’swhywehavecomeupwiththeideaofscreen-freedays.”可知，我們老師也希望確保學(xué)生在遠(yuǎn)離屏幕的情況下能夠平衡學(xué)習(xí)和社交體驗(yàn)，這就是提出“無屏幕日”理念的原因。故填Becausetheywanttomakesurethatstudentshavebalancedlearningandsocialexperiencesawayfromtheirscreens.36．根據(jù)“Funactivities,forexample,cardgamesandroomescape(密室逃脫)games,areorganizedatschool.”可知，學(xué)校組織了一些有趣的活動，比如紙牌游戲和密室逃生游戲。故填Theycanhavefunactivitieslikecardgamesandroomescapegames.37．根據(jù)“Afterourfirstscreen-freeday,studentsmentionedthattheyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.”可知，在第一個無屏幕日之后，學(xué)生們提到，他們很驚訝自己能喜歡它。故填Theyweresurprisedtheyenjoyedit.38．本題屬于開放性試題，言之有理即可。參考答案：Ithinkitisagoodidea.Becauseitisnotonlygoodforourhealthbutalsohelpsuskeepagoodrelationshipwithrealfriends.2020年北京中考真題This12-year-oldGirlBuiltaRobottoFindPlasticsintheOceanAnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.Shereacheddowntopickthemup,andquicklyrealizedthereweremanymoretinypiecesthanshecoulddealwith.Itseemedimpossibletocleanthemallup.Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist—first,bydoingalittleresearch.That’showshelearnedthat8milliontonsofplasticsendupintheoceanseveryyear.Thenshegottoworkbuildingsomethingthatcouldhelpsolvetheproblem;aremote-operatedvehicle(遙控潛水器),orROV.HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.TheactuallycoolpartofDu’sROVisthedetection(探測)system.Sheusesacameraalongwiththreedifferentkindsoflighttofindtheplastics.Shealsousesvisible(可見的)lighttofindunnaturalcolorsthatmightmaketheplasticsstandout.“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit,”saysengineerCaseyMachado.“Itsoundssimple,butit’salevelofthinkingthat’sreallyamazing.”Dustartedattendingpubliceventsandworkshopsatauniversitywhenshewasfiveyearsold,andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV.ShesaysactuallygettingherROVtomovethroughwaterwellwasnoteasy.Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.Whenaskedaboutfutureplans,shementionswantingtoaddresstheeffectsofclimate(氣候)change.“Ithinktherearealotofproblemsthatcouldbesolvedwithnewinventions,”saysDu.Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).Shesaysshehasbeenabletomeetstudentsandscientiststhere.“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems,”saysDu.“ButI’mnotsurewhatkindofengineerIwanttobeyet.”34．WhatdidAnnaDunoticewhilewalkingalongthebeach?___________________________________________________35．HowoldwasDuwhenshedidalittleresearchtosolvetheproblem?___________________________________________________36．WhatcanDu’sROVdo?___________________________________________________37．WhydoesDuwanttobeanengineerinthefuture?___________________________________________________38．WhatmadeDusucceedinbuildingherROV?___________________________________________________【答案】34．Shenoticedplastics.35．Attheageof12./Whenshewas12yearsold.36．Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.37．Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.38．Hergoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildit,herpersistence(notgivingup)andherparents'support.（另外答出thecarefulobservation,theawarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情給分）【解析】34．根據(jù)第1段中“AnnaDuwaswalkingalongthebeachwhenshenoticedplasticsthere.”可知AnnaDu在海灘散步的時候注意到了塑料。故答案為：Shenoticedplastics.35．根據(jù)第2段中“Du,12yearsoldatthetime,triedtosolvetheproblemlikeanygoodscientist—first,bydoingalittleresearch.”可知Du做了一點(diǎn)調(diào)查來解決這個問題的時候，她12歲了。故答案為：Attheageof12./Whenshewas12yearsold.36．根據(jù)第3段中“HerROVcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.”可知Du的ROV能夠在水中移動，找到海底的塑料。故答案為：Itcanmovethroughwaterandfindplasticsontheoceanfloor.37．根據(jù)最后一段中Du的話“IknowIwanttobeanengineerbecauseIlikebuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems”可知她想要成為一名工程師是因?yàn)樗矚g制造東西來幫助解決世界問題。故答案為：Becauseshelikesbuildingthingstohelpsolveworldproblems.38．根據(jù)第5段中“Shehasaverygoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblemlikethisandthengoafterit”可知她在解決問題方面有良好工程悟性；根據(jù)第6段中“andsoshepickeduptheengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildherROV”可知她學(xué)會了建造ROV所需的工程技術(shù)；根據(jù)第6段中“Shefailedmanytimes,butshenevergaveuptryingandtesting.”可知她不輕言放棄；根據(jù)倒數(shù)第2段中“Duthanksherparents,whoforyearshavetakenhertostudentoutreachactivities,forsupportingherinterestinscience,technology,engineeringandmath(STEM).”可知Du的父母很支持她。這幾點(diǎn)都是她成功制作ROV的重要因素。故答案為：Hergoodengineeringsensetobreakdownaproblem,theengineeringskillsnecessarytobuildit,herpersistence(notgivingup)andherparents'support.（另外答出thecarefulobservation,theawarenessofprotectingtheoceans也可酌情給分）2019年北京中考真題閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。HugeWavesDestroyingArcticIceFasterthanExpectedIcecoversmuchoftheArcticOcean（北冰洋）.Somepiecesoficearehuge,likemovingislands.Astemperatureshaveincreased,however,someoftheicehasbeguntodisappear.Scientistshavediscoveredhugewaves（海浪）inthearcticwaters.ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.OnMay2,theshiptraveledeastandstoppednexttoalargechunkoficearound50milesfromthesmallislandofHopen.MarchenkopreparedtoleadhisstudentsoutontotheIce."WewerereadytogobutwhenIwentout,Idiscoveredmanycracks（裂縫）around,"heremembers.Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.Thefartherintheywent,hethought,thehardertheicewouldbecome.Astheypushedforward,however,theshipexperiencedsmallwaves,andthenbiggerones.Soon,thewavesbrokeuptheicearoundtheshipintothousandsofsmallerpieces．Withinanhour,Marchenkoandhisteamsawawavethatwasabout13feethigh.Theship'snavigation（航行）systemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.Thewavesweresostrongthattheyforcedhugepiecesoficetojumpupanddown,breakingtheiceintosmallerpieceswithinjustonehour.Scientistshadneverimaginedthattheprocesscouldhappensofast.Thewavesintheseareasusedtobesmall.Thespeedandforceofthehugewavestheremakesitimpossibletoknowinadvancewhentheyarecoming.Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunpreparedforhugewavesordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsandwalrusesthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.Somescientiststhinkpeoplewillsoonseeevenbiggerwavesintheseicywaters.Aswavesbreakupicetheseaswillbecomemoreopen,andthewaveswillgetevenstronger.Therearestormytimesahead.34.WhendidMarchenkoandhisstudentsdiscoverhugewavesinthearcticwaters?35.WhydidMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonthetrip?36.WhatdidMarchenkodecidetodotokeepsafe?37.Howhighwerethelargestwavesrecordedbythenavigationsystem?38.WhatisParagraph7mainlyabout?34.InMay.2010.【解析】根據(jù)短文第二段開頭ThewaveswerediscoveredbyaccidentinMay,2010.可知，這些巨大的海浪是在2019年五月份，被科學(xué)家AlekseyMarchenko和他的學(xué)生們發(fā)現(xiàn)的。故答案為InMay2010.35.Becausetheywantedtostudytheicywaters.【解析】根據(jù)短文第二段中ScientistAlekseyMarchenkoandhisstudentssetoutonatrip.Theywantedtostudytheicywaters.可知，Marchenko和他的學(xué)生想要研究冰冷的海水。故答案為Becausetheywantedtostudytheicywaters.36.Hemovedtheshipdeeperintotheice.【解析】根據(jù)短文第五段Hedecidedtomovetheshipdeeperintotheicetokeepsafe.可知，為了安全，Marchenko決定把船開到冰更深的地方。故回答Hemovedtheshipdeeperintotheice.37.Morethan20feet.【解析】根據(jù)短文第六段Theship'snavigation（航行）systemfinallyrecordedthelargestwaves.Theyweremorethan20feetinheight.可知，導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)記錄的最大的海浪有20多英尺高。故答案為Morethan20feet.38.ThedamageofthehugewaterstopeopleandwildlifeinArctic.【解析】根據(jù)短文第七段Thatcouldbedangerousfornavigatorsandlocalcommunitieswhoareunpreparedforhugewavesordependonseaicetoprotectthem.Wildlifelikepolarbearsandwalrusesthatdependonseaicetoliveisalsoindanger.可知，這一段中主要介紹了巨大的海浪對航海人員、當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)以及野生動物的危害。故答案為ThedamageofthehugewaterstopeopleandwildlifeinArctic.（2018年北京市中考英語試卷）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題．Whenitcomestothelettergradeonyourtestorhomework,youmightnoticethatthereisnoletterE.Haveyoueverthoughtaboutwhythatisso?IntheA,B,C,DandFgradingsystem,thefirstfourlettersaretypicallyconsideredpassinggrades.AnFinthissystemsimplystandsfor“fail”.Theword“fail”happenstostartwiththeletterF,whichseemstoleaveouttheletterE.Thefact”．SomeschoolshaveUgradefor“unsatisfactory”,orIgradefor“incomplete”.Evenwithallthissaid,weshouldalsopointoutthatEgradeactuallyhasbeenusedprettycommonlythroughoutthehistoryoflettergradesintheUS.ThefirstcollegeintheUStousealettergradingsystemliketheonesweusetodayisMountHolyokeCollege.In1897,theybegantousethefollowinggradingscale:A:95-100%(excellent)

B:85-94%(good)

C:76-84%(fair)D:75%(barelypassed)

E:below75%(failed)WecanseetheinclusionofEinsteadofF.Gradually,thelettergradingsystembecamemorepopularthroughouttheUS.However,manyschoolsdecidedtodroptheEgradeandgostraighttoF.Thereisnoevidence(證據(jù))toreallysupportthis,butonepossibleexplanationisthatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”.Whydowehavelettergrades?Well,partofthereasonisthattheymadegradingsimplerduringatimeofgreatchangeforschools.Asthe20thcenturybegan,growingcitiesandanincreaseinimmigrationledtolargerschoolclassrooms.Mostteachersatthattimethoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.Today,moreandmorepeoplearguethatlettergradesdon’tfullyreflect(反映)studentlearning。However，asteacherstrytoimprovegradingmethods,manyparentscontinuetofavorthelettergradestheygotaskids,theyarefamiliar(熟悉)andeasyforparentstounderstand.Sowhiletheymightnotbeperfect,thelettergradesprobablyaren’tgoingawayanytimesoon.34．whatdoesanFstandforintheA、B、C、DandFgradingsystem?35．whenwasthelettergradingsystemfirstusedintheUScollege?36．whatisonepossibleexplanationfordroppingtheEgrade?37．whatdidmostteachersthinkofthelettergradingsysteminthe20thcentury?38．whydomanyparentsstillpreferthelettergradestoday?【答案】34．Itstandsfor“fail”35．In189736．TeacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”37．Theythoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasyfairandclearwaytogradestudents38．Becausethelettergradesarefamiliarandeasyforparentstounderstand【解析】短文講了判定測試或作業(yè)的字母等級方法，詳細(xì)的介紹了字母所代表的含義，及其人們對這種評定方法的看法等。34．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段句子IntheA,B,C,DandFgradingsystem,thefirstfourlettersaretypicallyconsideredpassinggrades.AnFinthissystemsimplystandsfor“fail”.在A、B、C、D和F評分系統(tǒng)中，前四個字母通常被認(rèn)為是及格分?jǐn)?shù)。這個系統(tǒng)中的F僅僅表示"失敗"?？芍狥表示“失敗”。故答案為AnFinthissystemstandsfor“fail”.35．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段句子ThefirstcollegeintheUStousealettergradingsystemliketheonesweusetodayisMountHolyokeCollege.In1897,theybegantousethefollowinggradingscale.美國第一個使用字母評分系統(tǒng)的大學(xué)是MountHolyokeCollege.1897年，他們開始使用以下等級量表?？芍?897年。故答案為In1897年。36．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段句子However,reallysupportthis,butonepossibleexplanationisthatteacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”.然而，許多學(xué)校決定放棄E級，直接進(jìn)入F。真的沒有證據(jù)支持這一點(diǎn)，但一個可能的解釋是，老師擔(dān)心一些學(xué)生和家長可能誤認(rèn)為E為“優(yōu)秀”?？芍蠋煋?dān)心一些學(xué)生和家長可能誤認(rèn)為E為“優(yōu)秀”。故答案為TeacherswereworriedthatsomestudentsandparentsmightmistakeEfor“excellent”.37．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段句子Mostteachersatthattimethoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy,fairandclearwaytogradestudents.當(dāng)時的大多數(shù)老師認(rèn)為這種新的字母評分系統(tǒng)是一種簡單、公平、清晰的給學(xué)生打分的方式?？芍?dāng)時的大多數(shù)老師認(rèn)為這種新的字母評分系統(tǒng)是一種簡單、公平、清晰的給學(xué)生打分的方式。故答案為Mostteachersatthattimethoughtthisnewlettergradingsystemwasaneasy，fairandclearwaytogradestudents.38．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段句子However,asteacherstrytoimprovegradingmethods,manyparentscontinuetofavorthelettergradestheygotaskids,theyarefamiliar（熟悉）andeasyforparentstounderstand.Sowhiletheymightnotbeperfect,thelettergradesprobablyaren'tgoingawayanytimesoon.然而，當(dāng)教師試圖改進(jìn)評分方法時，許多家長仍然喜歡孩子們得到的字母等級，他們對父母來說很熟悉，也很容易理解。因此，盡管他們可能不是完美的，但字母等級不會很快就消失?？芍鼈兪歉改杆煜ず腿菀桌斫獾?。故答案為Theyarefamiliarandeasyforparentstounderstand.（2022·北京·清華附中三模）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。TheSportofConcentrationEveryday,itseems,anewgadget(設(shè)備)promisestohelpmeincreasethedistanceandpaceIrun,orthenumberofhoursIsleep,ortherateofmyheartbeats.Itwillmakemea“betterme,”orsothestorygoes.Maybesomeofthemactuallyhelptodothesethings,butnonetheless,Istilldecidedtosellallofmysportsgadgetsafewmonthsagoandsimplyrecordmyrunningtimeswithapenandanotepad.Soonafter,Ibegantotrainforamarathontheold-fashionedway,withoutsomethingonmywristtellingmemypaceandcurrentheartrate.Asitturnedout,runningwithoutknowingallthatinformationwasagreatpleasure.Inthepast,wheneverIwasrunningslowerthanmysmartwatchsaidIshouldbe,I’dforcemyselftospeedup,evenifitwasclearthatmybodydidn’twantto.Butthistime,IranthewayIwantedto.Onmorethanafewoccasions,whenI’dlookatmynotepadfollowingkeyworkouts(鍛煉),IwasshockedtoseethatI’dhadsomerealbreakthroughs(突破),runningmuchfasterthanIthoughtIcould.IwassoshockedaboutthesenumbersandthoughtthatifI’dseenthemduringtheworkoutitself,Iwouldhaveprobablysloweddown.Yet,becauseIwasblindtothem,Ijustkeptonrunning.Anotherpositivethingaboutgettingridofallmyrunninggadgetsisthatit’shelpingmeconcentrate(集中注意力)moreontherunningitself.SinceInolongerfeellikeIneedtechnologytorunwell,Icangooutandrunwithoutworryingaboutwhethereverythinghasenoughbatterypower.So,what’sthelessonhere?Well,wecouldveryeasilyreplacetheexampleofrunningwithwriting,studying,oranythingelse.Nomatterwhatitisthemoretimewespendworryingabouthowtomakeourselvesbetteratsomething,themoreourperformanceisaffected.Shouldyoustopusingtechnologyto“improve”yourperformance?Ofcourse,that’suptoyou.However,ifIweretobeaskedthatquestion,I’dcertainlysaythatI’mbetteroffwithoutit.1．Whendidthewriterdecidetosellallofthesportsgadgets?________________2．Whywasthewritershocked?________________3．What’sanotherpositivethingwithoutanyrunninggadgets?________________4．Whatdoesthewriterlearnfromtheexampleofrunning?________________5．Whatdoyouthinkofsportsgadgets?Whydoyouthinkso?________________【答案】1．Afewmonthsago.2．Becausethewriter/she/hehadsomerealbreakthroughs,runningmuchfaster.3．It’shelpingthewriter/her/himconcentratemoreontherunningitself.4．Nomatterwhatitisthemoretimewespendworryingabouthowtomakeourselvesbetteratsomething,themoreourperformanceisaffected.5．Onepossiblekey:Iagreewiththewriter.Ithinkthey’renotnecessaryforme.BecauseIdon’tneedtechnologytorunwell,Icangooutandrunwithoutworryingaboutwhethereverythinghasenoughbatterypower.Anotherpossiblekey:Ithinktheyarehelpfulforme.BecauseIcanknowthedatafromsportsgadgetsandimprovemyperformancefromtimetotime.【解析】本文主要是作者結(jié)合自己跑步的經(jīng)歷告訴我們，與其依賴那些計數(shù)設(shè)備來記錄跑步的情況，不如專心地跑步，因?yàn)樽屪约涸谀臣律献龅酶玫臅r間越多，我們的表現(xiàn)就越受影響。1．根據(jù)“Istilldecidedtosellallofmysportsgadgetsafewmonthsago”可知，幾個月前，決定賣掉我所有的運(yùn)動設(shè)備，故填A(yù)fewmonthsago.2．根據(jù)“IwasshockedtoseethatI’dhadsomerealbreakthroughs(突破),runningmuchfasterthanIthoughtIcould”可知，作者很震驚地發(fā)現(xiàn)有了一些真正的突破，跑得比想象的要快得多，故填Becausethewriter/she/hehadsomerealbreakthroughs,runningmuchfaster.3．根據(jù)“Anotherpositivethingaboutgettingridofallmyrunninggadgetsisthatit’shelpingmeconcentrate(集中注意力)moreontherunningitself”可知，另一個擺脫所有跑步設(shè)備的好處是，它幫助作者更專注于跑步本身，故填I(lǐng)t’shelpingthewriter/her/himconcentratemoreontherunningitself.4．根據(jù)“Nomatterwhatitisthemoretimewespendworryingabouthowtomakeourselvesbetteratsomething,themoreourperformanceisaffected.”可知，這讓作者明白無論如何，我們花在如何讓自己在某件事上做得更好的時間越多，我們的表現(xiàn)就越受影響，故填Nomatterwhatitisthemoretimewespendworryingabouthowtomakeourselvesbetteratsomething,themoreourperformanceisaffected.5．開放性題，答案合理即可，參考答案為：Onepossiblekey:Iagreewiththewriter.Ithinkthey’renotnecessaryforme.BecauseIdon’tneedtechnologytorunwell,Icangooutandrunwithoutworryingaboutwhethereverythinghasenoughbatterypower.Anotherpossiblekey:Ithinktheyarehelpfulforme.BecauseIcanknowthedatafromsportsgadgetsandimprovemyperformancefromtimetotime.（2022·北京東城·二模）閱讀短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問題。SpreadingHappinessJessicaMartinandAsherahWeissareartteachersinaprimaryschool.Theythoughttheirstudentsmighthavethemagicwordsthatcouldbringcalmtopeopleindifficulttimes,sotheycreatedaprojectcalled“PepToc”withtheirstudents.Theprojecthadtwoparts—onewassettingupahotline,andtheotherwasmakingencouragingposters.Thetwoteachershadthesamebasicquestionforallthestudents:“Whatcouldyousaytohelporencouragesomeoneelse?”Studentsworkingonthehotlinethoughtofwhattheywouldliketosay.ThenMs.Martinrecordedeachone,andsortedout（分類）therecordingsintodifferentpartsofthetelephonehotline.Whenpeoplecallthehotline,theycanhearhappyvoicesofchildrenofdifferentagessharingpositive（積極的）messages.Forexample,pressing1bringsideasforpeoplewhoare“feelingmadornervous”.Helpfulsuggestionsinclude:“l(fā)istentomusic”,or“goandgetacookie”.Pressing2resultsin“wordsofencouragementandlifeadvice”.Thisincludesmessageslike:“Theworldisabetterplacewithyouinit.”and“Youareokay!”Bypressing3,youcanhearagroupofchildrensayingtogether:“Youcandoit!Keeptrying,don’tgiveup!”O(jiān)therstudentsmadeencouragingpostersandhungthemuparoundthetown.Manypostershadstripsofpaper.Whenpeoplepassedby,theycouldtearoff（撕掉）thestripsandtakewiththem.Forexample,onepostersaid“Ifyouaremad,thinkofpositivethoughts,andhadstripsremindingpeopleto“Behappy”.Ms.Martinthoughttheprojectwouldonlyattractinterestfrompeopleneartheschool.Butinitsfirstsixweeks,thehotlinegot5millioncallsfromaroundtheworld.Ithasbecomeverypopularwithstressedadults,patientsinhospitals,andotherswhojustwanttohearthehappyvoicesofchildren.ForMartinandWeiss,theprojectshowsstudentsthatsmallactscanhaveabiginfluence.“Ifyouhaveanidea,justtrytodoitandseewhathappens,”Weisssays.Studentsnowknowthattheyhaveamazingpower.They’realreadythinkingaboutnewmessagestorecordforthePepTocHotline.6．Whocreatedtheproject“PepToc”?_________________________________7．Whatarethetwopartsoftheproject?_________________________________8．HowdidMs.Martinandthestudentssetupthehotline?_______________________________