上海頂尖名校期中預(yù)測卷01-新高考英語一輪總復(fù)習(xí)（上海專用）（解析版）

PAGE1PAGE2上海頂尖名校期中預(yù)測卷01（解析版）學(xué)校:___________姓名：___________班級：___________考號：___________GrammarSectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.（2023秋·上?！じ呷虾＝淮蟾街行？奸_學(xué)考試）Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.MicrosoftbakesChatGPT-liketechintosearchengineBingMicrosoftisbakingChatGPT-liketechnologyintoitssearchengineBing,1(transform)anInternetservicethatlagsfarbehindGoogleintoanewwayofcommunicatingwithAI.Thoughthenewversionisnowlimitedtodesktopsandhasnointerfaceforsmartphones,2mostpeoplenowaccesstheInternet,Mehdi,aMicrosoftexecutive,hassaidthatthetechnologywillscaletomillionsofusersincomingweeksandcometothesmartphoneapps.Theimprovementmaygivethesoftwaregiantacuttingedge3othertechcompaniesincapitalizingontheworldwideexcitementsurroundingChatGPT,atoolthat4(awaken)millionsofpeopletothepossibilitiesofthenewestAItechnologyinthepastfewweeks.Asidefromit,MicrosoftisalsointegratingthechatbottechnologyintoitsEdgebrowser.“Thinkofitasfaster,moreaccurate,morepowerfultechnology5(tune)forsearchqueries”,saidMehdi.Theshifttomakingsearchenginesmoreconversational—abletoconfidentlyanswerquestions6offerlinkstootherwebsites—couldchangetheadvertising-fueledsearchbusiness,butalsoposesrisksiftheAIsystemsdon’tgettheirfactsright.Theiropaqueness(不透明性)alsomakesithardtosourcebacktotheoriginalhuman-madeimagesandtexts,7thenewBingincludesnotesthatreferencethesourcedata.“BingispoweredbyAI,sosurprisesandmistakesarepossible.Makesuretocheckthefacts.”isamessagethatappearsatthebottomofthepreviewversionofBing’snewhomepage.Asanexampleofhowitworks,Mehdi8(quiz)iton1990s-erarap,showingitsabilitytodistinguishbetweenthesong“Jump”and“JumpAround”.Healsousedittoshowhowitcouldplanavacationorhelpwithshopping.Googlehasbeencautiousaboutsuchmoves.ButinresponsetopressureduetoChatGPT’spopularity,GoogleannouncedonMondayanewconversationalservicenamedBardthatwillbeavailabletoagroupof“trustedtesters”before9(release)globallythisyear.ChinesetechgiantBaidualsoannouncedasimilarsearchchatbotcominglaterthisyear.OthertechrivalssuchasMetaandAmazonhavebeenresearchingsimilartechnology,butMicrosoft’slatestmovesaimtoposition10atthecenteroftheChatGPTzeitgeist(時代潮流).【答案】1．transforming2．a(chǎn)s3．a(chǎn)gainst4．hasawakened5．tuned6．ratherthan7．though8．quizzed9．beingreleased10．it【導(dǎo)語】本文是篇說明文。文章介紹了微軟正在將類似chatGPT的技術(shù)應(yīng)用于其搜索引擎必應(yīng)，將一項遠遠落后于谷歌的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N與人工智能交流的新方式。1．考查非謂語動詞。句意：微軟正在將類似ChatGPT的技術(shù)融入其搜索引擎必應(yīng)，將一項遠遠落后于谷歌的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)服務(wù)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐环N與人工智能通信的新方式。根據(jù)句中謂語動詞“isbaking”可知，空處應(yīng)為非謂語動詞，與“Microsoft”之間為主動關(guān)系，作伴隨狀語，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。故填transforming。2．考查連詞。句意：雖然新版本目前僅限于臺式機，沒有智能手機的接口，但由于現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)人都上網(wǎng)，微軟高管Mehdi表示，這項技術(shù)將在未來幾周內(nèi)擴展到數(shù)百萬用戶，并應(yīng)用到智能手機應(yīng)用程序中。分析句子和句意可知，空處應(yīng)為連詞，連接作插入語的句子，表示“由于”，可用連詞as。故填as。3．考查介詞。句意：這一改進可能會讓這家軟件巨頭在利用全球?qū)hatGPT的興奮感方面比其他科技公司更具優(yōu)勢，ChatGPT是一種在過去的幾周里，已經(jīng)喚醒了數(shù)百萬人，讓他們認識到最新人工智能技術(shù)的可能性的工具。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)為介詞，后接名詞短語“othertechcompanies”；動詞短語givesbacuttingedgeagainst...表示“使某人比……占優(yōu)勢”，符合句意。故填against。4．考查動詞時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：這一改進可能會讓這家軟件巨頭在利用全球?qū)hatGPT的興奮感方面比其他科技公司更具優(yōu)勢，ChatGPT是一種在過去的幾周里，已經(jīng)喚醒了數(shù)百萬人，讓他們認識到最新人工智能技術(shù)的可能性的工具。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)為謂語動詞；根據(jù)時間狀語“inthepastfewweeks”可知，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時，表示過去幾周已經(jīng)完成的動作并對現(xiàn)在有所影響；主語是關(guān)系代詞“that”，代替先行詞“atool”，故謂語動詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。故填hasawakened。5．考查非謂語動詞。句意：可以把它看作是適合搜索查詢的更快、更準(zhǔn)確、更強大的技術(shù)。tune可作動詞，意為“使適合”；根據(jù)謂語動詞“Thinkof”可知，空處應(yīng)為非謂語動詞，作定語修飾“technology”，并與其形成被動關(guān)系；表示“適合搜索查詢的技術(shù)”，故應(yīng)用過去分詞形式。故填tuned。6．考查固定短語。句意：轉(zhuǎn)向讓搜索引擎更具對話性——能夠自信地回答問題，而不是提供指向其他網(wǎng)站的鏈接——可能會改變廣告驅(qū)動的搜索業(yè)務(wù)，但如果人工智能系統(tǒng)不能正確獲取事實，也會帶來風(fēng)險。根據(jù)空處后動詞原形“offer”和句意，固定短語ratherthan表示“而不是”，后可跟省略to的動詞不定式，符合句意和語法結(jié)構(gòu)。故填ratherthan。7．考查從屬連詞。句意：它們的不透明性也使得很難追溯到原始的人造圖像和文本，盡管新的Bing包括參考源數(shù)據(jù)的注釋。分析句子和句意可知，空處應(yīng)為從屬連詞，連接狀語從句，位于主句后，表示“雖然、盡管”，用though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，故填though。8．考查動詞時態(tài)。句意：作為其工作原理的一個例子，Mehdi測試了20世紀(jì)90年代的說唱歌曲，展示了它區(qū)分歌曲“Jump”和“JumpAround”的能力。分析句子可知，空處應(yīng)為謂語動詞；根據(jù)下一句中的“Healsoused”和句意可知，本句應(yīng)為一般過去時，表示過去發(fā)生的動作。故填quizzed。9．考查動名詞。句意：但為了應(yīng)對ChatGPT受歡迎帶來的壓力，谷歌在周一宣布了一項名為Bard的新會話服務(wù)，該服務(wù)將在今年全球發(fā)布之前向一組“值得信賴的測試者”開放。根據(jù)介詞“before”可知，空處應(yīng)用動名詞形式，作賓語；由句意，release與“anewconversationalservice”之間為被動關(guān)系，表示“一項新會話服務(wù)被發(fā)布”，故應(yīng)用被動形式。故填beingreleased。10．考查代詞。句意：其他科技競爭對手，如Meta和亞馬遜也一直在研究類似的技術(shù)，但微軟的最新舉措旨在將其定位于ChatGPT時代精神的中心。分析句子可知，空處可用代詞，作賓語，指代名詞短語“similartechnology”，應(yīng)用代詞it。故填it。SectionBDirections:（2023秋·上?！じ呷虾Ｊ写笸袑W(xué)?？奸_學(xué)考試）Directions:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A．including

B．urgent

C．features

D．targets

E.lengths

F.chasing

G.accused

H.commands

I.fed

J.restock

K.collectingPokemonStickersAreBackforKoreansNostalgic(懷舊的)forChildhoodSmallpastriesincludeasurprisesticker,andthegoalistofindall159varieties—justlikeatrendmorethan20yearsago.JeongBo-ram’snewfascinationhashim11mass-producedpastries(糕點),deliverytrucksandhischildhoodmemories.His12are$1.20bakeryitemssoldwithrandomPokemonstickersthatflyoffstoreshelvesinSouthKorea.Justafewshortofafull159-stickercollection,29-year-oldMr.Jeonghasgonetomorethan10conveniencestoresandsupermarketsaday,oftenleavingempty-handed.Hehaspaidhundredsofdollars.Hehaslearnedtheevening13timesthroughouthisneighborhoodtoknowwhenfreshdrop-offsoccur.Morethantwodecadesago,thePokemonsticker-treatduocaughtonwithagenerationofSouthKoreanchildren,beforethecrazepassedafterafewyearsandtheproductswerediscontinued.Nowthegoodiesarebackjustintimeforthecountry’sbroaderretroboom,14byadultsnostaglicforsimplertimes.SouthKoreansaregoingtogreat15toliveoutthePokemontaglineof“Gottacatch’emall,”withsome16thestickersindisplaybooklets.Pokemon,originallyaJapanesegamefortheNintendoGameBoythat17hundredsofmonstercharacters,hasexpandedintogloballypopularanimatedseries,toysandvideo-games,18therecenthitPokemonGoforsmartphones.Retailershavepostedsignsontheirentrancesthatread,“WehavenoPokemonbread,”whilesomestoreownersare19ofbundlingthein-demandpastrieswithunpopularitems.Hunterscampoutsidesupermarketsearlyinthemorning.Therarestofstickers,suchasthatofthelegendarycharactersMew(夢幻)andMewtwo(超夢),fetch$40online.Afullcollection20morethan$700,thelistingsshow.Actualchildrenalsotrytofindthestickers,butadultsareusingtheirgreaterresourcesforthehunt.KoHyo-jinshriekedwhensherippedopenapackageof“DiglettStrawberryCustardBread”recentlyanddiscoveredinsideastickerofMewtwo-atwo-leggedmonstershownextendingitspaw.Sheimmediatelydialedupherhusband.“Itfeltlikewinningthelottery,”saidthe39-year-oldhomemakerintheSeoulSuburbs.ThenostalgicchasehasbeenembracedbyyoungadultsfacingKorea’sstagnanteconomy,soaringreal-estatepricesandatightlabormarket.【答案】11．F12．D13．J14．I15．E16．K17．C18．A19．G20．H【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要講述了寶可夢貼紙在韓國人懷舊的童年中回歸。11．考查非謂語動詞。句意：鄭寶蘭的新愛好是追逐大批量生產(chǎn)的糕點、送貨車和童年記憶。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和句子的邏輯主語之間是邏輯的主動關(guān)系，chase“追逐，追趕”為動詞，應(yīng)用動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞chasing的形式作補語。故選F。12．考查名詞。句意：他的目標(biāo)是售價1.2美元的烘焙食品，這些食品帶有隨機的口袋妖怪貼紙，在韓國的商店貨架上一搶而空。設(shè)空處在句中作主語，空前為形容詞性的物主代詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)為名詞的形式，謂語動詞為are，故設(shè)空出應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)的形式，target“目標(biāo)”，應(yīng)用targets做句子的主語。故選D。13．考查名詞作定語。句意：他了解了整個社區(qū)晚上的進貨時間，以便知道什么時候會有新鮮的貨會出現(xiàn)。設(shè)空處后為名詞，設(shè)空處作定語修飾名詞times，restocktime“補貨時間”，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)為restock“重新進貨；再儲存，備辦新貨”。故選J。14．考查非謂語動詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，這些好東西又回來了，正好趕上了這個國家更廣泛的復(fù)古熱潮，這是由懷念簡單時光的成年人提供的。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和句子的邏輯主語thegoodies之間是邏輯的被動關(guān)系，feed“喂養(yǎng)，為……提供食物”，應(yīng)用動詞的過去分詞的形式作狀語，其形式為fed。故選I。15．考查名詞。句意：為了實現(xiàn)《口袋妖怪》的宣傳語“一定要抓住他們”，韓國人不遺余力，有些人甚至收集了展示小冊子上的貼紙。設(shè)空處前為形容詞，形容詞修飾名詞，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞的形式，固定短語gotogreatlengthstodosth“不遺余力地努力做某事”，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用名詞的復(fù)數(shù)的形式。length“長，長度；（持續(xù)）時間的長短；”其復(fù)數(shù)形式為lengths。故選E。16．考查非謂語動詞。句意見上題解析。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，其結(jié)構(gòu)為“with+賓語+賓語”，設(shè)空處和其邏輯主語之間為邏輯的主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞的的形式作補語，collect“收集”，其現(xiàn)在分詞形式為collecting。故選K。17．考查謂語動詞。句意：《口袋妖怪》最初是任天堂游戲機上的一款日本游戲，有數(shù)百個怪物角色，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)擴展到全球流行的動畫系列、玩具和電子游戲中，包括最近大熱的智能手機游戲《口袋妖怪Go》。設(shè)空處在that引導(dǎo)的定語從句中作謂語，先行詞為Pokemon，feature為動詞“以……為特色，以……為主要組成；”敘述客觀事實應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，結(jié)合主謂一致，故設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)的形式features。故選C。18．考查非謂語動詞。句意見上題解析。設(shè)空處在句中作非謂語，和句子的邏輯主語之間是邏輯的主動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞的形式作狀語，include“包含”，其現(xiàn)在分詞的形式為including。故選A。19．考查謂語動詞。句意：零售商在入口處張貼了“我們沒有口袋妖怪面包”的標(biāo)語，而一些店主則被指責(zé)將熱門糕點與不受歡迎的商品捆綁在一起。設(shè)空處在while引導(dǎo)的句子中作謂語，和句子的主語somestoreowners之間是被動關(guān)系，應(yīng)用動詞的過去分詞的形式，accuse“指責(zé)”，其動詞的過去分詞的形式為accused。故選G。20．考查謂語動詞。句意：清單顯示，一個完整的收藏需要700多美元。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語，敘述客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，句子的主語為Afullcollection，結(jié)合主謂一致，設(shè)空處應(yīng)用動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)的形式；command“控制，掌管”，其第三人稱單數(shù)的形式為commands。故選H。ReadingComprehension(21–35題，每題1分；36–50題，每題2分；共45分)SectionADirections:eachblankinthefollowingpassagemarkedB,CandD.ineachblankwiththeorphrasethatbestthecontext.（2023·上海·上海中學(xué)?？寄M預(yù)測）ManypeopleIknow(includingmembersofmyfamily)feelexerciseisatime-consumingandunpleasantactivity.Theyneedtochangeintootherclothes,tofrequentlytakeablockoftimeoutofbusylives,andtogetdirtyandexhausted:theyfinditall21.ButI’vealways22thehardworkandeventhesatisfactionofearningthenextday’ssoremuscles.AndIhadaslightsenseofprideinknowingnotonlythatIwashelpingthebiologicalmachinerythatpromoteshealthbutalsothatIgotaniceside23ofbeingabletoeatcookiesbecauseI’dburnedextracalories.24Or,atleast,notentirelyright.Asscienceshowsoverandoveragain,ourintuitiveideasofhowthingsworkoftendon’t25inthefaceofdataandcarefulanalysis.Thebenefitsofexerciseareacaseinpoint.Inthisissue’scoverstory,“TheExerciseParadoxscientistHermanPontzerdescribesasurprisingandfascinatingresultofevolution:humansbumaboutthesamenumberofcaloriesregardlessof26level.Andcomparedwithotheranimals,weusealotofcalories.Inadditionto27ourcommonsense,thefindingsprovidefurtherinsightsaboutwhyourkindhasbeensoextraordinarilysuccessful,becomingthe28forceontheplanet.Bytheway,tobeclear,weshouldall29.Regularactivitydoeshelpourinnerenginesrunright,andithassomebenefitsinelevatingmoodandimprovingcognition(認知).Butenablingweightlossregardlessofdiet?Notsomuch.Theknowledgethatwehavehadthecapabilitytoruleoverourownworldhas30theideathatwewouldsomedayalsocometoliveonotherplanets.Tobesure,that31encompasseshealthyamountsofromanticism,asenseofadventureandevenconcernsabouthavingsufficientoptionstoensureourspecieslong-termsurvival.32the“easy”problemsoflongerspacejourneysincludeescapingEarth’sgravitywithrockets,buildingairtightshipswithenoughairtobreathe,andcarryinghugeamountsfoodandwater.Amuchharder33isonethatHollywoodnevertoldyouabout:thedamagetothebraindonebycosmicradiation(宇宙射線)，whichneuroscientistCharlesL.Limolidescribesin“Deep-SpaceDealBreaker.”Willitprovetobethebarriertoour34“thefinalfrontier?Onethingiscertain:thehumanambitionmeanswewon’t35trying.21．A．a(chǎn)musing B．unappealing C．convincing D．shocking22．A．enjoyed B．minded C．reflected D．forgot23．A．obstacle B．benefit C．impact D．view24．A．Wonderful B．Wrong C．Pointless D．Right25．A．standup B．takeoff C．endup D．turnoff26．A．service B．income C．a(chǎn)ctivity D．demand27．A．underrating B．over-impressing C．under-training D．overturning28．A．dominant B．singular C．cultural D．declining29．A．celebrate B．return C．remember D．exercise30．A．rejected B．considered C．questioned D．inspired31．A．ruling B．survival C．knowledge D．shift32．A．Besides B．Otherwise C．Similarly D．Unfortunately33．A．routine B．version C．challenge D．option34．A．demanding B．measuring C．conquering D．recognising35．A．stop B．a(chǎn)dvise C．deserve D．keep【答案】21．B22．A23．B24．B25．A26．C27．D28．A29．D30．D31．C32．D33．C34．C35．A【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章通過講述生活中人們認為鍛煉會燃脂，而科學(xué)結(jié)論證實不管運動水平如何，人類消耗的卡路里數(shù)量是相同的。進而提出人們的探索不會停止。21．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們需要換上別的衣服，經(jīng)常從繁忙的生活中抽出一段時間，變得又臟又累:他們覺得這一切都沒有吸引力。A.amusing有趣的；好玩的；B.unappealing令人不快的；C.convincing有說服力的；D.shocking驚人的。根據(jù)上文“getdirtyandexhausted”可知，鍛煉會讓他們變得又臟又累，因此他們覺得是令人不快的。故選B。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但是我一直享受著辛苦的工作，甚至是第二天肌肉酸痛的滿足感。A.enjoyed欣賞；B.minded介意；C.reflected反思；D.forgot忘記。結(jié)合下文“andeventhesatisfaction”可知，我很享受鍛煉。故選A。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我有一點點自豪感，因為我知道我不僅幫助了促進健康的生物機制，而且我還得到了一個很好的附帶好處，那就是我能夠吃餅干，因為我燃燒了額外的卡路里。A.obstacle障礙；B.benefit好處；益處；C.impact影響；D.view觀點。根據(jù)上文“helpingthebiologicalmachinerythatpromoteshealth”及下文“beingabletoeatcookiesbecauseI’dburnedextracalories”可知，鍛煉不僅幫助我促進健康的生物機制，還能燃燒額外的卡路里，這都是鍛煉的好處。故選B。24．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：錯?；蛘?，至少，不完全正確。A.Wonderful精彩的；B.Wrong錯誤的；C.Pointless無意義的；D.Right正確的。根據(jù)下文“notentirelyright”可知，不完全對，說明是錯的。故選B。25．考查短語詞義辨析。句意：正如科學(xué)一次又一次地顯示的那樣，我們對事物如何運作的直覺想法在面對數(shù)據(jù)和仔細分析時往往站不住腳。A.standup（論點、論據(jù)）站的住腳的；B.takeoff脫下；起飛；C.endup結(jié)束；D.turnoff關(guān)掉。根據(jù)空處前后內(nèi)容可知，這里指面對數(shù)據(jù)和經(jīng)過仔細分析之后，我們的直覺想法并不可靠，即站不住腳。故選A。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：運動悖論科學(xué)家HermanPontzer描述了進化的一個令人驚訝和迷人的結(jié)果:不管運動水平如何，人類消耗的卡路里數(shù)量是相同的。A.service服務(wù)；B.income收入；C.activity活動；D.demand要求。根據(jù)下文“Regularactivitydoeshelpourinnerenginesrunright,andithassomebenefitsinelevatingmoodandimprovingcognition(認知)”可知，此處指不管運動的水平怎樣，消耗的熱量都是同樣的。故選C。27．考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意：除了顛覆我們的常識之外，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)還提供了進一步的見解，說明為什么我們?nèi)祟惾绱朔欠驳爻晒?，成為地球上的主?dǎo)力量。A.underrating低估；B.over-impressing印象深刻；

C.under-training訓(xùn)練不足；D.overturning推翻。根據(jù)上文“humansbumaboutthesamenumberofcaloriesregardlessof6level.”可知，科學(xué)家HermanPontzer描述的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)和我們對鍛煉的常識剛好相反，即推翻了我們的認知。故選D。28．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：除了顛覆我們的常識之外，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)還提供了進一步的見解，說明為什么我們?nèi)祟惾绱朔欠驳爻晒?，成為地球上的主?dǎo)力量。A.dominant支配的；統(tǒng)治的；B.singular非凡的；顯著的；C.cultural文化的；D.declining衰落的。根據(jù)下文“wehavehadthecapabilitytoruleoverourownworld”可知，我們有能力統(tǒng)治這個世界，因而人類成為了地球上的主導(dǎo)。故選A。29．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：順便說一句，我們都應(yīng)該鍛煉身體。A.celebrate慶祝；B.return返回；C.remember記??；D.exercise鍛煉。根據(jù)下文“Regularactivitydoeshelpourinnerenginesrunright,andithassomebenefitsinelevatingmoodandimprovingcognition(認知)”提到了定期鍛煉的好處，所以此處指所有人都要鍛煉。故選D。30．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：知道我們有能力統(tǒng)治我們自己的世界激發(fā)了這樣的想法，我們有一天也會來到其他星球上生活。A.rejected拒絕；B.considered考慮；C.questioned詢問；D.inspired啟發(fā)。根據(jù)上文“wehavehadthecapabilitytoruleoverourownworld”可知，我們有能力統(tǒng)治世界的這個知識激發(fā)了我們有了一個想法：我們有一天也會來到其他星球上生活。故選D。31．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：可以肯定的是，這些知識包含了大量的浪漫主義、冒險精神，甚至是對有足夠的選擇來確保我們物種長期生存的擔(dān)憂。A.ruling統(tǒng)治；B.survival存活；C.knowledge知識；D.shift轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)上文“Theknowledgethatwehavehadthecapabilitytoruleoverourownworld”可知，此處指的就是我們有能力統(tǒng)治我們自己的世界的知識，故選C。32．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：不幸的是，長途太空旅行的“簡單”問題包括用火箭逃離地球引力，建造有足夠空氣呼吸的密封飛船，以及攜帶大量的食物和水。A.Besides此外；B.Otherwise否則；C.Similarly同樣地；D.Unfortunately不幸運地。根據(jù)下文“escapingEarth’sgravitywithrockets,buildingairtightshipswithenoughairtobreathe,andcarryinghugeamountsfoodandwater”可知，要長途太空旅行需要解決這些問題，而事實是實現(xiàn)是困難的，所以這是不幸地。故選D。33．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：一個更加困難的挑戰(zhàn)是好萊塢從來沒有告訴你的:宇宙輻射對大腦造成的損害，這是神經(jīng)科學(xué)家CharlesL.Limoli在“深空交易破壞者”中描述的。A.routine常規(guī)；B.version版本；C.challenge挑戰(zhàn)；D.option選擇。根據(jù)上文“escapingEarth’sgravitywithrockets,buildingairtightshipswithenoughairtobreathe,andcarryinghugeamountsfoodandwater”講述了長途太空旅行要解決的問題，即這是一個挑戰(zhàn)，此處指比這還難的挑戰(zhàn)就是宇宙輻射對大腦造成的損害。故選C。34．考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意：它會成為我們征服“最后邊疆”的障礙嗎？A.demanding要求；B.measuring測量；C.conquering征服；D.recognising認出。根據(jù)上文提到人類某一天會到其它星球生活，要像在地球上一樣成為統(tǒng)治者。所以此處指不遭受宇宙輻射可能會成為實現(xiàn)這個征服的障礙。故選C。35．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：有一件事是肯定的：人類的野心意味著我們不會停止嘗試。A.stop停止；B.advise建議；C.deserve應(yīng)得到；D.keep保持。根據(jù)上文“thehumanambition”可知，有抱負就不會停止嘗試。故選A。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.（A）（2023·上海靜安·統(tǒng)考二模）IwasinChicagoforajobtrainingwhenIknewanearbytheatrewasreleasingafilmaboutsavingdogs.Iloveanimalsandthisfundraisingeventsoundedrightupmyalley.However,noneofmyco-workerscouldsqueezetimeforme.Igotcoldfeetforanxietyaboutnavigatingthestreetsbymyselfatnightalone.ButinmyhotelroomIfeltrestlessandbored.Thetheatrewasonlyaboutfiveblocksawayfromthehotel.HowcouldIstray?Hence,Idecidedtobraveit.Igatheredmyroomkeyandsetoff.ImanagedtofindthestreetofthetheatrebutwhenIturnedthecornerIstoppedinshock.Thestreetinfrontofthetheatrewasfullofbikers-lotsofverybig,tough-lookingbikers.NowIwasawomanallaloneatnight.Thereweremanylargemen,allwearinginsigniasuggestingtheywereinsomesortofcluborgang.Warningbellsbegantosoundandmyheartjumpedinmythroat.WasIattherighttheatre?HadImisreadthedateoftheevent?IfinallydecidedthatIwouldbesaferinsidethetheatrewheretherewas,presumably,acrowdofpeople.Iscurriedintothetheatre.AsIsatthere,heartracing,waitingforthefilmtostart,Imutteredaprayertocontainmyanxieties.Alocalblues-rockbandwastheopeningactandtheirperformancedrewmyattention.Enthusiasmfortheband’sperformancesoontookawayallmyworriesfrommymindandIbegantorelax.Aftertheband,thefilmbeganandIunderstoodthepresenceofthebikersafteraconversationwiththestaff.Beingpartofananimalrescuegroup,theyhadescorteddogsfromNewJerseytoChicago.Atthatmoment,Iwasstruckbythebondthathaddrawnsomanydisparatefolkstothetheatre.Singers,sportsmen,ordinaryworkershadallbeenbroughttogetherbyoursharedloveofanimals.Imadenewfriends.Idiscoveredanewbandandsupportedanimportantcause.Istayedtilltheveryendandmadeittomyhotelwithoutanyincident,overjoyedthatIbrokeoutoftheboundaryIusedtosetformyselfandventuredintotheunknown.Tomyamazement,therewardwasoneofthebestnightsofmylife.36．Theauthordidn’tgotothetheatreatfirstbecause________.A．thetheatrewasfarrightupthealleyB．shecouldn’tsparetimefromthetrainingC．shewasafraidofgettinglostonthewayD．shewasconcernedthatshewouldcatchcoldatnight37．WhichofthefollowingstatementsabouttheauthorisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A．Thegroupofbikersaccompaniedherintothetheatre.B．Peopleinsidethetheatrerescuedherfromtheharmofbikers.C．Sherangbellstowarnpeopleofpossibledangers.D．Theopeningactwassuccessfulincalmingherdown.38．Theunderlinedworddisparateinthepassageisclosestinmeaningto________.A．respectable B．diverse C．restless D．common39．Thewomanreturnedbacktothehotelveryhappybecause________.A．shediscoveredabandshelovedB．shesuccessfullywentbacktothehotelsafeC．sheknewthereasonforthepresenceofallthebikersD．shesteppedoutofcomfortzoneandgotgoodresults【答案】36．C37．D38．B39．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者某次在芝加哥參加工作培訓(xùn)時，勇于走出酒店，去看了一部電影，并有了一次非常美好的體驗。36．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ButinmyhotelroomIfeltrestlessandbored.Thetheatrewasonlyaboutfiveblocksawayfromthehotel.HowcouldIstray?(但在我的酒店房間里，我感到不安和無聊。劇院離旅館只有五個街區(qū)。我怎么會迷路呢？)”可知，作者起初沒有去劇院，因為她害怕在路上迷路。故選C。37．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Alocalblues-rockbandwastheopeningactandtheirperformancedrewmyattention.Enthusiasmfortheband’sperformancesoontookawayallmyworriesfrommymindandIbegantorelax.(一個當(dāng)?shù)氐牟剪斔箵u滾樂隊作為開場表演，他們的表演引起了我的注意。對樂隊演出的熱情很快驅(qū)散了我所有的憂慮，我開始放松下來)”可知，D選項“開場表演成功地使她平靜下來”正確。故選D。38．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后文“Singers,sportsmen,ordinaryworkers-hadallbeenbroughttogetherbyoursharedloveofanimals.Imadenewfriends.(歌手、運動員、普通工人——都因我們對動物的共同熱愛而走到了一起)”可知，來劇院的形形色色，有歌手、運動員、普通工人，即不同的人。故畫線詞意思是“不同的”。故選B。39．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Imadenewfriends.Idiscoveredanewbandandsupportedanimportantcause.Istayedtilltheveryendandmadeittomyhotelwithoutanyincident,overjoyedthatIbrokeoutoftheboundaryIusedtosetformyselfandventuredintotheunknown.Tomyamazement,therewardwasoneofthebestnightsofmylife.(我交了新朋友。我發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個新的樂隊，并支持了一項重要的事業(yè)。我一直呆到最后，沒有發(fā)生任何意外地到達我的旅館，我很高興我打破了我過去給自己設(shè)定的界限，冒險進入未知的領(lǐng)域。令我驚訝的是，這是我一生中最美好的夜晚之一)”可知，這位女士很高興地回到了酒店，因為她走出了舒適區(qū)，得到了很好的結(jié)果。故選D。（B）（2023·上?！ど虾Ｊ忻褶k文綺中學(xué)?？既＃〦ightstepstorefocusyouranxietyThinkingofissuesthatseemunfixablecanleadtoananxiousparalysis,butthere’shope.ThisissomeoftheadviceIgivetothoseinneedofhelp.Takeabreakfromthenews.Doomscrollingcanbeaddictiveandincreasethetragicnatureofevents.Inonestudy,researchersfoundthatthosewhowereimmersedintheBostonMarathonbombingnewsformultiplehoursadayintheweekaftertheeventexperiencedhigherstressthanindividualswhowereonthescene.Iadvisethosewhoarefeelingdepressedbytheheadlinestoreadthenewsjustonceaday,turnoffalertsontheirphoneand,ifpossible,checksocialmedialessoften.Takecareofyourself.Youhavetobeingoodfightingshapetocopewiththecurrentproblems.Thatmeansboostingyourresilience(韌性)bytakingcareofyournervoussystem(sleepwell,eatwell,exercisewisely)andengaginginpositiveactivities.Focusonthepresent.Getinthehabitofputtingyourselfinthehereandnow.Worryingaboutthefutureisnothelpful.Tryabreathingexercise.Takingafewdeepbreaths—forinstance,breathinginintothecountoffiveandbreathingouttothecountoffive—willhelpcalmyoursympatheticnervoussystem(thefightorflightresponse)andloweryouranxiety.Attheveryleast,breathinggivesyousomethingtodowhenyourfeelyourheartratepoundingquickly.Thinkaboutyourvictories.Remindyourselfofwhat’sworkingwellinyourownlife—whetherit’syourjob,friendships,orthearrayofhouseplantsyoucultivatedduringthepandemic.Beyourowntherapist.Askyourself,whatdoIspecificallyfeelhopelessaboutandwhy?Beingabletoputintowordswhat’sgettingyoudowncanhelpyoufeellessfloodedbyemotionsandbetterabletoprocesstheinformationrationally(理性地).Takeaction.Worryingdoesn’thelpone’smentalhealth,buttakingactiondoes.Lookaroundyourcommunity.Maybeyourlocalplaygroundwouldbenefitfromabasketballcourt,oryourchurchcouldsponsorarefugeefamily.Whenpeopleengageinlocalissues,theyhavearenewedsenseofoptimism.Joinforceswithafriend.Pickacause.Therearehundredsofnonprofitsdedicatedtoaddressingsomeofthemostbiggestchallengesontheplanet.Donatemoneytoaninspiringorganizationorvolunteer.40．What’sthepurposeofwritingthispassage?A．Toencouragepeopletohelpthoseinneed.B．Tohelpthoseinneedofhelprelieveanxiety.C．Tourgepeopletotakeactiontohelpthemselves.D．Tocheerreadersupandboostafeelingofoptimism.41．Whatdoestheunderlinedpartofthesentencemean?A．“stoppingmovingandstayingwhereyouare”B．“focusingonthepresentmoment”C．“placingyourselfinafavorableenvironment”D．“forgettingaboutthelossesandgains”42．Whichofthefollowingstatementsisinlinewiththeauthor’sadvice?A．Onlychecksocialmediaonceaday.B．Involveoneselfinactivitiesthatboostone’snervoussystem.C．Thinkofthepastvictories.D．Engageinlocalissuesandmakecontributions.【答案】40．B41．B42．D【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了幾種可以幫助人們緩解焦慮的方法。40．推理判斷題。文章第一、二段講到“Thinkingofissuesthatseemunfixablecanleadtoananxiousparalysis,butthere’shope.ThisissomeoftheadviceIgivetothoseinneedofhelp.

(想到看似無法解決的問題可能會導(dǎo)致焦慮的癱瘓，但還是有希望的。這是我給那些需要幫助的人的一些建議。)”可知寫這篇文章的目的是幫助那些需要幫助的人緩解焦慮，故選B。41．句意猜測題。文章本段主旨句“Focusonthepresent.(關(guān)注當(dāng)下)”以及下文“Worryingaboutthefutureisnothelpful.(擔(dān)心未來是沒有幫助的。)”可推知下劃線部分的意思是“關(guān)注當(dāng)下”，故選B。42．推理判斷題。文章倒數(shù)第二段講到“Whenpeopleengageinlocalissues,theyhavearenewedsenseofoptimism.(當(dāng)人們參與當(dāng)?shù)貑栴}時，他們會重新產(chǎn)生樂觀情緒。)”可知符合作者的建議的是參與當(dāng)?shù)貑栴}并做出貢獻，故選D。（C）（2023·上海·上海市建平中學(xué)?？既＃㎝ime(啞劇)opensupanewworldtothebeholder,butitdoessoinsidiously(隱匿地),notbypurposelyinjectingpointsofinterestinthemannerofatourguide.Audiencesarenotunlikevisitorstoaforeignlandwhodiscoverthatthemodes,manners,andthoughtsofitsinhabitantsarenotmeaninglessoddities,butaresensibleincontext.IrememberoncewhenanaudienceseemedpuzzledatwhatIwasdoing.Atfirst,Itriedtogainamoreimmediateresponsebyusingslightexaggerations.Isoonrealizedthattheseactionshadnothingtodowiththeaudience’sunderstandingofthecharacter.WhatIhadbelievedtobeafailureoftheaudiencetorespondinthemannerIexpectedwas,infact,onlytheirconcentrationonwhatIwasdoing;theywereenjoyingagradualawakening—aslowtransitionoftheirunderstandingfromtheirowntimeandplacetoonethatappearedsounexpectedlybeforetheireyes.Thiswasevidencedbytheirgrowingresponsetosucceedingnumbers.Mimeisanelusiveart,asitsexpressionisentirelydependentontheabilityoftheperformertoimagineacharacterandtore-createthatcharacterforeachperformance.Asamime,Iamaphysicalmedium,theinstrumentuponwhichthefiguresofmyimaginationplaytheirdanceoflife.Theindividualsinmyaudiencealsohaveresponsibilities—theymustbealertcollaborators.Theycannotsitback,mindlesslyself-content,andwaittohavetheiremotionsarousedbyfantasticmusicalsoundsorvisualrhythmsoracrobaticfeats,orbywordsthattellthemwhattothink.Mimeisanartthat,paradoxically,appealsbothtothosewhorespondinstinctivelytoentertainmentandtothosewhoseappreciationismoreanalyticalandcomplex.Betweentheseextremesliethoseaudiencesconditionedtoresistanycollaborationwithwhatisplayedbeforethem,andthesethemimemustcharmdespitethemselves.Thereisonlyonewaytoattackthosereluctantminds—takethemunaware!Theywillbedelightedatanunexpectedpleasure.43．Theauthorcomparesmimeartistwithtourguidebecauseboth________.A．bringotherstostrangeplaces B．explorenewmeansofself-expressionC．employartisticmethodstocommunicate D．shapethewayothersperceiveanewsituation44．Theauthormostlikelyincludestheincidentdescribedinparagraph2inorderto________.A．showhowchallengingthecareerofamimecanbeB．eliminatesomemisconceptionsaboutwhatamimeislikeC．portraytheint