專題05-閱讀理解之說明文(解析版)

專題05閱讀理解之說明文難度：★★★★☆建議用時：40分鐘得分：2022年新高考I卷之B篇Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.Thearugula(芝麻菜)wastomakeanicegreensalad,roundingoutaroastchickendinner.ButIendedupworkinglate.Thenfriendscalledwithadinnerinvitation.Istuckthechickeninthefreezer.Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;IcouldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.Inaworldwherenearly800millionpeopleayeargohungry,“foodwastegoesagainstthemoralgrain,”asElizabethRoytewritesinthismonth’scoverstory.It’sjaw-droppinghowmuchperfectlygoodfoodisthrownaway—from“ugly”(butquiteeatable)vegetablesrejectedbygrocerstolargeamountsofuneatendishesthrownintorestaurantgarbagecans.Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andotherresourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”Ifthat’shardtounderstand,let’skeepitassimpleasthearugulaatthebackofmyrefrigerator.MikeCurtinseesmyarugulastoryallthetime—butforhim,it'smorelike12bonesofdonatedstrawberriesnearingtheirlastdays.CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington,D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)producethatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.Suchmethodsseemobvious,yetsooftenwejustdon’tthink.“Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat,”Curtinsays.24.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbytellingthearugulastory?A.Wepaylittleattentiontofoodwaste. B.Wewastefoodunintentionallyattimes.C.Wewastemorevegetablesthanmeat. D.Wehavegoodreasonsforwastingfood.25.Whatisaconsequenceoffoodwasteaccordingtothetest?A.Moraldecline. B.Environmentalharm.C.Energyshortage. D.Worldwidestarvation.26.WhatdoesCurtin’scompanydo?A.Itproduceskitchenequipment. B.Itturnsrottenarugulaintocleanfuel.C.Ithelpslocalfarmersgrowfruits. D.Itmakesmealsoutofunwantedfood.27.WhatdoesCurtinsuggestpeopledo?A.Buyonlywhatisneeded. B.Reducefoodconsumption.C.Goshoppingonceaweek. D.Eatinrestaurantslessoften.【答案】24.B25.B26.D27.A【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了我們日常生活中的食物浪費現(xiàn)象以及華盛頓DC中央廚房的首席執(zhí)行官科廷為解決食物浪費而采取的努力?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Likemostofus,Itrytobemindfuloffoodthatgoestowaste.(像我們大多數(shù)人一樣，我努力關注那些被浪費的食物)”及“Butasdayspassed,thearugulawentbad.Evenworse,Ihadunthinkinglyboughtwaytoomuch;couldhavemadesixsaladswithwhatIthrewout.(但隨著時間的推移，芝麻菜變壞了。更糟糕的是，我不假思索地買了太多東西；我扔掉的東西可以做六份沙拉)”可推知，作者想通過講述芝麻菜的故事來表明我們有時會無意間浪費食物。故選B。25題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Producingfoodthatnooneeatswastesthewater,fuel,andother,resourcesusedtogrowit.Thatmakesfoodwasteanenvironmentalproblem.Infact,Roytewrites,“iffoodwastewereacountry,itwouldbethethirdlargestproducerofgreenhousegasesintheworld.”(生產沒人吃的食物會浪費用于種植食物的水、燃料和其他資源。這使得食物浪費成為一個環(huán)境問題。事實上，羅伊特寫道，“如果食物浪費是一個國家，它將是世界上第三大溫室氣體排放國?！?”可知，根據(jù)文中的說法，浪費食物的一個后果是對環(huán)境的危害。故選B。【26題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“CurtinisCEOofDCCentralKitcheninWashington.D.C.,whichrecoversfoodandturnsitintohealthymeals.Lastyearitrecoveredmorethan807,500poundsoffoodbytakingdonationsandcollectingblemished(有瑕疵的)produce,thatotherwisewouldhaverottedinfields.Andthestrawberries?Volunteerswillwash,cut,andfreezeordrythemforuseinmealsdowntheroad.(科廷是華盛頓DC中央廚房的首席執(zhí)行官，該公司把食物復原，變成健康的食物。去年，該組織通過接受捐贈和收集有瑕疵的農產品，收回了超過807500磅的食物，否則這些農產品就會在地里腐爛。草莓呢？志愿者們將清洗、切割、冷凍或干燥它們，以便在路上的餐食中使用)”可知，科廷的公司用人們不想要的食物重新制作食物。故選D?！?7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的““Everyonecanplayapartinreducingwaste,whetherbynotpurchasingmorefoodthannecessaryinyourweeklyshoppingorbyaskingrestaurantstonotincludethesidedishyouwon’teat,”Curtinsays.(“每個人都可以在減少浪費方面發(fā)揮作用，無論是在每周的購物中不購買不必要的食物，還是要求餐館不包括你不吃的配菜，”科廷說)”可知，科廷建議人們只買需要的東西來避免浪費食物。故選A。2022年新高考I卷之C篇Theelderlyresidents(居民)incarehomesinLondonarebeinggivenhenstolookaftertostopthemfeelinglonely.Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity(慈善組織)toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople’swellbeing,Itisalsobeingusedtohelppatientssufferingdementia,aseriousillnessofthemind.Staffincarehomeshavereportedareductionintheuseofmedicinewherehensareinuse.Amongthosetakingpartintheprojectis80-year-oldRuthXavier.Shesaid:“IusedtokeephenswhenIwasyoungerandhadtopreparetheirbreakfasteachmorningbeforeIwenttoschool.”“Iliketheprojectalot.Iamdownthereinmywheelchairinthemorninglettingthehensoutanddownthereagainatnighttoseethey’vegonetobed.”“It’sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I’menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.”Therearenow700elderlypeoplelookingafterhensin20carehomesintheNorthEast,andthecharityhasbeengivenfinancialsupporttorollitoutcountrywide.WendyWilson,extracaremanagerat60PenfoldStreet,oneofthefirsttoembarkontheproject,said:“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.”LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”28.Whatisthepurposeoftheproject?A.Toensureharmonyincarehomes. B.Toprovidepart-timejobsfortheaged.C.Toraisemoneyformedicalresearch. D.Topromotetheelderlypeople’swelfare.29.HowhastheprojectaffectedRuthXavier?A.Shehaslearnednewlifeskills. B.Shehasgainedasenseofachievement.C.Shehasrecoveredhermemory. D.Shehasdevelopedastrongpersonality.30.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“embarkon”meaninparagraph7?A.Improve. B.Oppose. C.Begin. D.Evaluate.31.Whatcanwelearnabouttheprojectfromthelasttwoparagraphs?A.Itiswellreceived. B.Itneedstobemorecreative.C.Itishighlyprofitable. D.Ittakesagestoseetheresults.【答案】28.D29.B30.C31.A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。主要講述了旨在減少孤獨，改善老年人健康狀況的項目?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theprojectwasdreamedupbyalocalcharity(慈善組織)toreducelonelinessandimproveelderlypeople’swellbeing(該項目由當?shù)匾患掖壬茩C構構想，旨在減少孤獨，改善老年人的健康狀況)”可知，這個項目的目的是為了提高老年人的幸福。故選D。【29題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段““It’sgoodtohaveadifferentfocus.Peoplehavebeenbringingtheirchildrenintoseethehensandresidentscomeandsitoutsidetowatchthem.I’menjoyingthecreativeactivities,anditfeelsgreattohavedonesomethinguseful.”(有不同的關注點很好。人們把自己的孩子帶進來看母雞，居民們也來外面坐著看它們。我喜歡創(chuàng)造性的活動，做一些有用的事情的感覺很好)”可推知，RuthXavier通過該項目獲得了一種成就感。故選B?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.(居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創(chuàng)意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們帶來好處和樂趣)”以及劃線處前的“oneofthefirst(第一批人之一)”可知WendyWilson是著手這項工程的人之一，劃線處的含義與C項：“Begin(開始)”含義相近。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Residentsreallywelcometheideaoftheprojectandthecreativesessions.Wearelookingforwardtothebenefitsandfuntheprojectcanbringtopeoplehere.(居民們非常歡迎該項目的想法和創(chuàng)意會議。我們期待這個項目能給這里的人們帶來好處和樂趣)”以及最后一段“LynnLewis,directorofNottingHillPathways,said:“Wearehappytobetakingpartintheproject.Itwillreallyhelpconnectourresidentsthroughasharedinterestandcreativeactivities.”(“諾丁山路徑”的負責人林恩·劉易斯說:我們很高興能參與這個項目。它將通過共同的興趣和創(chuàng)造性活動真正幫助我們的居民聯(lián)系起來)”可知，該項目的反響很好。故選A。（2023·浙江·校聯(lián)考模擬預測）ItiseasytobedoubtfulaboutannouncementsofdrugsthatclaimtoslowtheprogressofAlzheimers,themostcommonformofdementia(癡呆).AnewdrugcalledLecanemab,however,maybetherealdeal.Resultsofaclinicaltrial,conductedbyitsmakers,Eisai,ofTokyo,andBiogen,ofCambridgeMassachusetts,havejustbeenannouncedintheNewEnglandJournalofMedicine(November;2022).After18months,ithadslowedtheprogressofsymptomsbyaquarter.Thetrialinvolved1795participantswhowereintheearlystagesoftheillness.Halfreceivedthedrug.Theothers,aplacebo(安慰劑).Itshowedtwothings.Onewasthemodestbutmeasurableslowingofprogression.TheotherwasthatanexplanationofAlzheimerscalledtheAmyloidHypothesis(淀粉樣蛋白假說)seemscorrect.AmyloidisaproteinwhichaccumulatesinpartsofthebrainsofthosewithAlzheimers,whichisanestablishedsignoftheillness.Lecanemab,containingaspecialantibody,isfoundtobeabletoattachitselftoamyloidandthenattractsimmune-systemcellstocleartheproteinaway(andmeasurablydidsointhosereceivingthedrug).ThatsuggestsamyloiddoesindeeddirectlycreateproblemsassociatedwithdementiaandthatLecanemabcanslowdownthedevelopmentofthedisease.Thisisasmallfirststep.Someexpertsquestionwhetherthetestusedtoshowanimprovementinsymptomsisclinicallymeaningfulbecauseamyloidcanbedetectedonlywiththehelpofapieceofexpensiveequipment,whichisnotsomethingthatcaneasilybeturnedintoaroutineprogram.Moreover,Lecanemabalsocausedswellingandbleedingofthebraininanumberofparticipants.Nowthatthenewdrughasbeenshowntowork,itcanbefollowedupwithfurthertests.Hopeformoregoodnewssoon.1．Whatcanbelearnedfromthefirsttwoparagraphs?A．ThepublicshowsconfidenceinnewdrugsforAlzheimers.B．Allparticipantsdidn’treceivethenewdrug.C．Thenewdrughadanobviouseffectontheparticipants.D．Ittook18monthstomakethenewdrug.2．Theauthorexplainstheeffectivenessofthenewdrugby_______.A．illustratinghowthedruginteractswithamyloidinbodyB．describinghowimmune-systemworksindetailC．makingcomparisonsbetweentwogroupsofparticipantsD．quotingthecommentsofotherscientists3．Whichofthefollowingisadrawbackofthenewdrug?A．Itcan’tbeaccessedeasilyindailytreatment.B．Itcancausesomeside-effects.C．Itcoststoomuchforordinaryfamilies.D．Itneedstobefurthertestedbeforeitslaunch.4．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofLecanemab?A．Reliable. B．GroundbreakingC．Promising D．Risky.【答案】1．B

2．A

3．B

4．C【導語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了人們很容易對那些宣稱可以減緩阿爾茨海默氏癥(老年癡呆癥中最常見的一種)病情發(fā)展的藥物表示懷疑。然而，一種名為Lecanemab的新藥可能是真正的藥物。1．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Thetrialinvolved1795participantswhowereintheearlystagesoftheillness.HalfreceivedthedrugTheothers,aplacebo.Itshowedtwothings.Onewasthemodestbutmeasurableslowingofprogression.TheotherwasthatanexplanationofAlzheimerscalledtheAmyloidHypothesisseemscorrect.”（該試驗涉及1795名處于疾病早期階段的參與者。一半人服用藥物，另一半人服用安慰劑。這說明了兩件事。其中之一是緩慢但可測量的進展。另一個是對阿爾茨海默癥的一種解釋叫做淀粉樣蛋白假說似乎是正確的。）可知，我們可以從前兩段中了解到并非所有參與者都服用了這種新藥。故選B項。2．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“AmyloidisaproteinwhichaccumulatesinpartsofthebrainsofthosewithAlzheimers,whichisanestablishedsignoftheillness.Lecanemab,containingaspecialantibody,isfoundtobeabletoattachitselftoamyloidandthenattractsimmune-systemcellstocleartheproteinaway(andmeasurablydidsointhosereceivingthedrug).ThatsuggestsamyloiddoesindeeddirectlycreateproblemsassociatedwithdementiaandthatLecanemabcanslowdownthedevelopmentofthedisease.”（淀粉樣蛋白是阿爾茨海默氏癥患者大腦中積聚的一種蛋白質，這是該疾病的一個明確跡象。Lecanemab含有一種特殊的抗體，被發(fā)現(xiàn)能夠附著在淀粉樣蛋白上，然后吸引免疫系統(tǒng)細胞將蛋白質清除掉(在接受該藥物的患者中確實如此)。這表明淀粉樣蛋白確實會直接導致與癡呆癥相關的問題，而Lecanemab可以減緩疾病的發(fā)展。）可知，作者通過說明藥物與體內淀粉樣蛋白的相互作用來說明新藥的有效性。故選A項。3．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Moreover,Lecanemabalsocausedswellingandbleedingofthebraininanumberofparticipants.”（此外，Lecanemab還導致一些參與者大腦腫脹和出血。）可知，它會引起一些副作用是新藥的缺點。故選B項。4．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Nowthatthenewdrughasbeenshowntowork,itcanbefollowedupwithfurthertests.Hopeformoregoodnewssoon.”（既然這種新藥已被證明有效，就可以進行進一步的試驗了。希望很快會有更多的好消息。）可推知，作者認為Lecanemab是有希望的。故選C項。（2023·安徽淮北·統(tǒng)考一模）Acollegeprofessoratmyuniversityyearsagoshockedhisclasswithafrog.Heshowedoffawoodfrogthatwasstillalivebutfrozensolid.Thensuddenly,hethrewitagainstawallanditbrokeintopieces.Everyonetookaquickdeepbreath.Momentslater,heexplainedthathehadn’tactuallythrownthefrog.Fordramaticeffecthehadswitchedthefrogforalargepieceofice.Butthegoalwastoillustrateapoint:Thatawoodfrogdoesinfactfreezeassolidasicetosurvivethewinter.Thenitthawsagaininthespring.ThewoodfrogisoneofthemostfrequentlystudiedanimalsonEarththatfreezes.First,it’sliquid,it’shoppingaround,thenicecomesonitfromtheoutside.Itsskingetsfrozenalittlebit,itseyesglazeover,itsbrainfreezes,andicepushesbloodtothefrog’sheartbeforeeventuallythat,too,isrocksolid.Thistransitionrequiresmajorchangesinbiochemistry.Iceslowlyformsaroundtheoutsideoforgansandcells.Atthesametime,thefrog’sliverpumpsoutincredibleamountsofglucose—asugaryliquidthatactslikeantifreezeforvitalorgans—thatflowseverywhereincludingtheinsidesofcellstokeepthemfromdying.Buttruesupercoolinginnature—andespeciallywithhumanorgans—comeswithrisks,saysShannonTessier,anassistantprofessoratHarvardMedicalSchoolwhostudieshowsuspendedanimationinnaturecantranslatetohumanorgantransplants.Woodfrogsandotheranimalsthatsurviveextremeconditionsinnaturehavemanyapplicationsinmedicine,especiallyintheworldoforgantransplants,Tessiersays.Ahumanheart,forexample,canonlyexistoutsidethebodyforaboutfourhours.“Sowe’retryingtousetheprinciplesfromwoodfrogswithhighamountsofglucoseandfreezeawholeheartorotherorgan,keepitinsuspendedanimation,safelyawakeit,andtransplantit.”5．Whydidthecollegeprofessortakeafrogtotheclass?A．Toshowoffhisamazingpet. B．Toswitchapieceoficewithit.C．Totellstudentssomefrogfacts. D．Toconductaspecialexperiment.6．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“thaws”meaninparagraph1?A．Freezesitself. B．Comestolife. C．Becomeswarm. D．Turnsbackintowater.7．Whatprotectsthefrozenfrogfromdying?A．Itsicycell. B．Itsvitalorgan. C．Itswarmblood. D．Itssugaryliquid.8．Whowillprobablybenefitfromthefrog’sprinciplesaccordingtoShannonTessier?A．Theonewhohastotakeahearttransplantoperation.B．TheonewhoisapplyingfortheHarvardMedicalSchool.C．Theonewhoworksonthedevelopmentofanewmedicine.D．Theonewhoplanstoexperienceextremeconditionsinnature.【答案】5．C

6．B

7．D

8．A【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了凍成冰塊冬眠的木蛙。這種具有超強耐凍能力的動物在冬眠時甚至連呼吸、心跳都停止了，看起來就像被凍死了，但一到春天，它們也會像其他冬眠動物一樣蘇醒過來。木蛙這種冬眠的方式的確對人類很有啟發(fā)，比如在醫(yī)學上應用于對人體器官的低溫保存，讓病人可以順利進行器官移植，從而有更大幾率存活下來。5．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Acollegeprofessoratmyuniversityyearsagoshockedhisclasswithafrog.Heshowedoffawoodfrogthatwasstillalivebutfrozensolid.Thensuddenly,hethrewitagainstawallanditbrokeintopieces.Everyonetookaquickdeepbreath.Momentslater,heexplainedthathehadn’tactuallythrownthefrog.Fordramaticeffecthehadswitchedthefrogforalargepieceofice.Butthegoalwastoillustrateapoint:Thatawoodfrogdoesinfactfreezeassolidasicetosurvivethewinter.(幾年前，我們大學的一位教授用一只青蛙震驚了全班。他展示了一只林蛙，它還活著，但已經凍成固體了。突然，他把它扔到墻上，它摔成了碎片。每個人都深深地吸了一口氣。過了一會兒，他解釋說他并沒有把青蛙扔出去。為了產生戲劇效果，他把青蛙換成了一大塊冰。但這個實驗的目的是為了說明一個問題：木蛙為了過冬，確實會凍得像冰一樣堅硬)”可知，大學教授要帶一只青蛙去上課是為了告訴學生一些青蛙的事實。故選C。6．詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“Butthegoalwastoillustrateapoint:Thatawoodfrogdoesinfactfreezeassolidasicetosurvivethewinter.(但這個實驗的目的是為了說明一個問題：木蛙為了過冬，確實會凍得像冰一樣堅硬)”以及后文“againinthespring”可知，木蛙為了過冬，確實會凍得像冰一樣堅硬。然后在春天再次復蘇過來。故畫線詞意思是“復蘇”。故選B。7．細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Atthesametime,thefrog’sliverpumpsoutincredibleamountsofglucose—asugaryliquidthatactslikeantifreezeforvitalorgans—thatflowseverywhereincludingtheinsidesofcellstokeepthemfromdying.(與此同時，青蛙的肝臟會排出大量的葡萄糖——一種含糖液體，對重要器官起防凍劑的作用——這些葡萄糖流動到包括細胞內部在內的所有地方，以防止它們死亡)”可知，含糖液體保護凍青蛙免于死亡。故選D。8．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Sowe’retryingtousetheprinciplesfromwoodfrogswithhighamountsofglucoseandfreezeawholeheartorotherorgan,keepitinsuspendedanimation,safelyawakeit,andtransplantit.(因此，我們正試圖利用含有大量葡萄糖的木蛙的原理，冷凍整個心臟或其他器官，使其處于假死狀態(tài)，安全地喚醒它，然后移植)”可知，ShannonTessier準備將木蛙原理運用到器官移植的技術中，因此一個接受心臟移植手術的人最有可能從這個原理中獲益。故選A。（2023·廣東深圳·統(tǒng)考一模）Whenputtotests,beeshavelongprovedthatthey’vegotalotmoretoofferthanpollinating(授粉),makinghoneyandbeingloyaltoaqueen.Thehard-workinginsectscanchangetheirbehaviorwhenthingsseemdifficult,andnowsomescientistsfindthereisproofthattheyalsoliketoplay.ScientistsfromQueenMaryUniversityofLondonperformedanexperiment,inwhichtheysetupacontainerthatallowedbeestotravelfromtheirnesttoafeedingarea.Butalongtheway,thebeescouldchoosetopassthroughaseparatesectionwithsomesmallwoodenballs.Over18days,thescientistswatchedasthebees“wentoutoftheirwaytorollwoodenballsrepeatedly,despitenoapparentincentive(刺激)todoso.”Earlierstudieshaveshownthattheblackandyellowbugsarewillingtolearnnewtricksinexchangeforfoodorotherrewards.Inthiscase,togetridofexternalfactors,scientistsmadesurethebeeshadadaptedtotheirnewhomeandthattheirenvironmentwasstress-free.Thefindingsuggeststhatlikehumans,insectsalsointeractwithobjectsasaformofplay.Alsosimilartopeople,youngerbeesseemtobemoreplayfulthanadultbees.“Thisresearchprovidesastrongindicationthatinsectmindsarefarmorecomplicatedthanweimagine.Therearelotsofanimalswhoplayjustforthepurposeofenjoyment,butmostexamplescomefromyoungmammals(哺乳動物)andbirds,”saidLarsChittka,aprofessorofsensoryandbehavioralecologyatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,wholedthestudy.Thestudy’sfirstauthor,SamadiGalpay,whoisaPhDstudentatQueenMaryUniversityofLondon,statesthatitismoreevidentthatbeesmaybecapableofexperiencingfeelings.“Theymayactuallyexperiencesomekindofpositiveemotionalstates,evenifbasic,likeotherlargeranimalsdo.Thisfindinghaseffectsonourunderstandingofthesenseandwelfareofinsects,which,consequ