2019屆廣東地區(qū)中考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)專題十七閱讀理解試卷部分講義

第三部分閱讀理解專題十七閱讀理解中考英語(yǔ)

(廣東專用)題組一

Passage1(2018廣東,A)A組2014—2018年廣西中考題組五年中考1.Thedangerthatbeesarefacingiscausedby

.A.beekeepersB.foodproductionC.humanactivityD.otherpollinators2.TheWorldBeeDaywascreated

.A.toadvisepeopletokeephealthyB.tohelpbeekeeperssellmorebeeproductsC.tocelebratethecomingofspringD.tomakepeopleknowtheimportanceofbees3.Duringtheactivities,youcanlearnallthefollowingEXCEPT

.A.tomakeacandleB.toimprovethequalityofbeesC.tomaketeaandcoffeeD.tounderstandthedancesofbees4.Bill,amemberofBIPC,andhis5-year-oldsonwillpay

forticketstotheactivities.A.10dollarsB.12dollarsC.16dollarsD.18dollars5.Themoneyfromthesalesoftickets

.A.willbeusedtoprotectbeesB.willmakeBIPCveryrichC.willbegiventobeekeepersD.willbespentonthecelebrations答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一則廣告,通過(guò)介紹蜜蜂的重要性及其面臨的危險(xiǎn),動(dòng)員養(yǎng)蜂人參加世界

蜜蜂日的相關(guān)活動(dòng)。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一句“Beesarenowindangeranditsnumberisgoingdownev-

eryyearlargelybecauseofhumanactivity,...”可知答案為C。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的todrawpeople'sattentiontotheimportantroleofbees可知?jiǎng)?chuàng)

立蜜蜂日的目的是讓人們知道蜜蜂的重要性。故答案為D。3.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)candle-makinglessons可知A選項(xiàng)為學(xué)到的內(nèi)容。根據(jù)第三段第一

句...learningtoimprovethequality(質(zhì)量)oftheirbees排除B選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)BeeCommunication下的

explainthedancesofbees排除D選項(xiàng)。故答案為C。4.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由Ticketsare$8formembersofBIPC以及Halfpriceforachild.可知Bill的

票價(jià)是8美元,他兒子的票價(jià)是他的一半,為4美元,故總價(jià)為12美元。5.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二行“AllthemoneywillgototheCityBeeProtectionPro-

ject.”可知錢用于保護(hù)蜜蜂。長(zhǎng)難句Beesarenowindangeranditsnumberisgoingdowneveryyearlargelybecauseofhu-

manactivity,whileathirdoftheworld'sfoodproductiondependsonthisyellowandblackinsect

andotherpollinators.現(xiàn)在蜜蜂處于危險(xiǎn)的境地,而且因?yàn)槿祟惖幕顒?dòng),它的數(shù)量正逐年大量減

少,然而三分之一的世界糧食生產(chǎn)有賴于這種黃黑色的昆蟲和其他的傳授花粉者。本句中while連接兩個(gè)并列分句,意為“然而”。while前的分句中的and連接兩個(gè)并列分句,其

中becauseof為介詞短語(yǔ),在句中作原因狀語(yǔ);while后的分句中的第二個(gè)and連接兩個(gè)并列名詞

insect和pollinators,作dependson的賓語(yǔ)。重點(diǎn)詞匯putforwardtheidea提出了想法;drawone'sattentiontosth.吸引某人的注意力到某

事上詞匯積累improvev.改進(jìn),改善;celebratev.慶祝,慶賀;behaviorn.行為,態(tài)度;insectn.昆蟲;quali-

tyn.質(zhì)量;waxn.蠟Passage2(2018廣東,B)There'smuchtoseeunderthesea,butyouneedtorememberthatlightbehavesdifferentlyinwa-

terthaninair.Theobjectsappearclosertoyouthantheyexactlyare.Youmightfindyourself

reachingouttotouchsomethingandcompletelymissingit.Objectsunderwaterwillappearlargerthantheywouldonthesurface,too.Becarefulnottotell

anystoriesaboutthebigfishthatgotaway.Thatfishmightnotbesobigafterall!It'sjustbecause

sometimesthingscanseemtobeasmuchasabout33percentbiggerinwater!What'smore,indeeperwater,colorsjustdon'tseemasbright.Infact,itlooksasifsomecolors

aremissing.Rememberthecolorofanobjectresultsfromthewavelengths(波長(zhǎng))oflightthatare

reflected(反射)fromitssurface.Andlightistakeninasitmovesdownthroughthewater.Swimmerswearwetsuitstokeepwarmunderwater.Let'stakeabrightred,yellow,andbluewet

suitasanexample.Thesecolorsarehardtomissonthesurfaceofwater.Watchcarefullythe

changesincolorasyoudescendinthewater.Theredpartnowlooksalmostblackbecausethered

lightwavelengths,thelongestamongthesethreecolors,aremissing.Asyougodowndeeper,thesamethingwillhappentotheyellowpartandintheendtothebluepart.Evenataplaceofabout6

to9metersunderwater,youwilllookterrible,likeaghost(鬼怪)!Andyouhavetowaitforyour

returntothesurfacetoenjoythebrightcolorsagain!1.Youmisstheobjectunderwaterwhenyouwanttotouchitbecause

.A.youreyesightisquitepoorB.youarenotquickenoughC.itisnotascloseasitseemsD.itdisappearsveryquickly2.Theexampleofthewetsuitisusedtoexplainthechangeof

ofanobjectunderwater.A.thesizeB.thecolorC.thepositionD.theweight3.Theunderlinedword“descend”probablymeans

inChineseinthispassage.A.上升B.漂浮C.屏息D.下潛4.Whichofthefollowingistrue?A.Afour-meter-longfishlooksthreemeterslongunderwater.B.Thewavelengthsofredlightarelongerthanthoseofbluelight.C.Muchwaterwillbetakeninbytheswimmerdeepinthewater.D.Youwillseeaghostifyougoasdeepas6to9metersintothesea.5.Thebesttitleofthispassageis

.A.TheStandardofColorUnderwaterB.TheDirectionofLightUnderwaterC.TheBrightnessofColorUnderwaterD.TheBehaviorofLightUnderwater答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。講解了一些水下光學(xué)現(xiàn)象,并舉例說(shuō)明水下顏色變化的原

因。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Theobjectsappearclosertoyouthantheyexactly

are.”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第四句的“Watchcarefullythechangesincolor”可知答案為B

項(xiàng)。3.D詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上句可知顏色在水面是幾乎沒(méi)有變化的;根據(jù)下文的“Asyougo

downdeeper,thesamethingwillhappentotheyellowpart”可知越往水的深處游,顏色的變化

就會(huì)越大。故答案為D項(xiàng)。4.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第五句“...becausetheredlightwavelengths,thelongestamong

thesethreecolors,...”可知紅色的光波是三種顏色光波中最長(zhǎng)的,故答案為B選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第二

段最后一句“...seemtobeasmuchasabout33percentbiggerinwater!”可知在水中見(jiàn)到的物

體,看起來(lái)比實(shí)際上的體積大,故排除A選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Andlightistakeninasitmovesdownthroughthewater.”可知光在水下被吸收了,故排除C選項(xiàng)。根據(jù)第四段倒數(shù)第二

句“...youwilllookterrible,likeaghost(鬼怪)!”可知你看起來(lái)很可怕,像鬼一樣,故排除D選

項(xiàng)。5.D主旨大意題。通讀全文可知本文主要講解了一些水下光學(xué)現(xiàn)象,故答案為D項(xiàng)。長(zhǎng)難句There'smuchtoseeunderthesea,butyouneedtorememberthatlightbehavesdiffer-

entlyinwaterthaninair.海底有很多東西可看,但是你需要記住光在水中與在空氣中的表現(xiàn)并

不相同。本句是并列復(fù)合句。but連接兩個(gè)并列分句,前后兩個(gè)分句之間為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。but前的分句是簡(jiǎn)

單句,使用了“Therebe...”句型,but后的分句中含有that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。重點(diǎn)詞匯exactlyadv.精確地,準(zhǔn)確地;surfacen.表面,水面;afterall畢竟;resultfromsth.起因于

某物;takein吸收詞匯積累wavelengthn.波長(zhǎng);reflectv.反射;descendv.下降;ghostn.鬼Passage3(2018廣東,C)配對(duì)閱讀左欄是對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化感興趣的五位外國(guó)學(xué)生的描述,右欄是中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化

活動(dòng)的簡(jiǎn)介,請(qǐng)為左欄的每位學(xué)生選擇一個(gè)合適的活動(dòng)。1.LisabecomesinterestedintraditionalChinesepaintingandshewants

tolearnhowtopaintbambooinink.2.AlanisfromIndia.HeisstudyingChinesehistory.Hehaslearnedalot

aboutthefourgreatinventionsofancientChina.3.SamisanAustralianboylivinginBeijing.Hetakesgreatinterestin

traditionalChineseopera(amusicalplay).Hehopestotakeaclassofthe

localopera.4.Marylikesclassic(經(jīng)典的)Chineseworks.Shehasreadtheoneabout

MonkeyKingsinceshecametoChina.5.SusanlovesChinesepapercutting.ShewantstomakeaChinese

“Fu”toputuponherwindowthisSpringFestival.A.Inthisweekend'sstory-tellingtime,you'llhearplentyofstoriesabout

Chinesetraditions,forexample,whypeopleputuptheChinese“Fu”

upsidedownonthedoororwindow.B.BeijingOperaisaformoftraditionalartinChina.Ourclubissetup

forfansandwelcomesyoutojoinus.Wehaveinvitedsomefamouslocal

actorstogiveactingclasses.C.Papercuttingsoundssimplebutisdifficulttodo.Bringredpaperand

learnthemakingofpapercutting.Youcantakehomethepapercutting

youmakeinclass.D.Wewillholdacompetitiononthefourgreatinventionsofancient

Chinanextmonth.Thefirstroundwillbeawrittentest.Thenextround

willbeashortspeechinChinese.E.AshowoftraditionalChineseinkpaintingswillbeheldintheArtMu-

seumthisweekend.Manyworksofanimalsbyfamousartistswillbeonshow.F.Adiscussionwillbeheldinourreadingclubthisweekend.Thetopicis

aboutJourney

to

the

West,oneofthefourgreatclassicChineseworks.G.TraditionalChinesepaintingisaformoffineartsinChineseculture.

Inourtrainingclass,Mr.Sunwillteachyouhowtopaintbamboowith

brushesandinkstepbystep.1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇信息匹配類文章,內(nèi)容是為對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化感興趣的五位外國(guó)學(xué)生

選擇一個(gè)合適的活動(dòng)。1.G本題關(guān)鍵詞traditionalChinesepainting,paintbambooinink和G項(xiàng)中的TraditionalChinese

painting,paintbamboo,ink相對(duì)應(yīng)。2.D本題關(guān)鍵詞thefourgreatinventionsofancientChina和D項(xiàng)中的thefourgreatinventionsof

ancientChina相對(duì)應(yīng)。3.B本題關(guān)鍵詞traditionalChineseopera,class,localopera和B項(xiàng)中的BeijingOpera,traditional

art,localactors,actingclasses相對(duì)應(yīng)。4.F本題關(guān)鍵詞classicChineseworks,MonkeyKing和F項(xiàng)中的Journey

to

the

West,oneofthe

fourgreatclassicChineseworks相對(duì)應(yīng)。5.C本題關(guān)鍵詞papercutting,putuponherwindow和C項(xiàng)中的Papercutting,takehomethepa-

percutting相對(duì)應(yīng)。重點(diǎn)詞匯inventionn.發(fā)明;papercutting剪紙;aformof...……的一種形式;finearts美術(shù)詞匯積累roundn.(游戲、體育的)一回合,一輪,一局;operan.歌劇;classicadj.經(jīng)典的;brushn.

毛筆,刷子Passage4(2018廣東廣州)閱讀短文及文后A~E選項(xiàng),選出可以填入46~50各題空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。MostofusthinkthetelephonewasinventedbyAlexanderGrahamBell.1

Infact,anItalian

namedAntonioMeucciwasofficiallyrecognised(認(rèn)定)astheinventorafewyearsago.Whois

Meucciandwhywasn'theknownforhisinventionatthetime?AntonioMeucciwasborninItalyin1808.Hestudiedengineeringanddrawing.Duringhisstud-

ies,Meuccistartedtoexperimentwithelectricity.2

Whentwoplaceswereconnectedwith

wire,peopleinthoseplacescouldheareachothertalk.In1850,Meucciandhiswife,Ester,movedtoNewYork.Meucciwasworriedabouthiswife,be-

causeshehadbecomeveryill.3

Tosolvethisproblem,heconnectedmetalcablesbetween

hishomeandhisworkshop.Thisway,theycouldtalktoeachotherconveniently.Meucciinvitedagroupofpeopletoseehisnewinvention.Theylistenedinamazementasthe

voiceofasingerwasheardthroughthewires.4

Evenworse,Meuccineverappliedforapatent(專利)onhisinvention.Meanwhile,Alexan-derGrahamBellwasworkingonthesameideaandin1876thepatentforthetelephonewasgiven

tohim.In2002,morethanacenturyafterMeucci'sdeath,hisworkwasfinallyrecognisedbythegov-

ernment.5

答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇記敘文,講述了AntonioMeucci是第一個(gè)發(fā)明電話的人以及他發(fā)明電

話的過(guò)程。1.B根據(jù)下一句可知他并不是第一個(gè)想到這個(gè)主意的人,故答案為B項(xiàng)。2.A根據(jù)下一句可知他發(fā)現(xiàn)了聲音可以通過(guò)金屬電纜傳播,故答案為A項(xiàng)。3.E根據(jù)上文可知他需要隨時(shí)和妻子聯(lián)系,故答案為E項(xiàng)。4.C由下文可知此處表示不好的內(nèi)容,故答案為C項(xiàng)。5.D根據(jù)上文可知他現(xiàn)在被公認(rèn)為電話的發(fā)明者,故答案為D項(xiàng)。重點(diǎn)詞匯inamazement驚訝地,吃驚地詞匯積累recognisev.承認(rèn),認(rèn)出;cablen.電纜;patentn.專利Passage5(2018廣東廣州,A)Forhiseleventhbirthday,Linwasgivenagiftthatwouldshapehislife.Onthatdayhisfathertook

himtotheChildren'sActivityCentreandsaidhecouldchooseanycoursethatinterestedhim.

Therewasjustonerequirement:Linwouldhavetopromisetostudyitforatleastoneyear.TothatpointLinhadhadmanyhobbies,butnonekepthisinterestformorethanaweekortwo.

Hismumoncegavehimabagofstampstoencouragestampcollecting.Thathobbylastedaweek.

ThenhisfathergothimsomepaintshopingthatLin'sartisticsidewouldshinethrough.Those

paintswerenowunderhisbed,stillunopened.ThistimeLin'sparentswouldlethimdecide.Lin'seyesmoveddownthenoticeboardthatlistedallthecoursesonoffer.Hestoppedat“Pho-

tography”.Helikedtheideaoftakingbeautifulpicturesbutthenoticesaidthateachstudent

neededtheirowncamera.AlthoughLin'sfamilyweren'tpoor,theyweren'tricheither,anda

cameracostalotofmoney.Hecontinuedlooking.Thenextcoursetocatchhiseyewas“LanguageArt”.Hedidn'tevenknowwhatthatmeant.

Hisfatherexplainedthatittaughtpeoplehowtomakepublicspeeches.Lin,ashyboy,couldthinkofnothingworse.Thenhesawit.“Cooking”soundedlikesomethinghe'dliketodo.Itwasinexpensiveandcon-

venient,itcouldbedonealoneanditwasalsocreative.BasedonLin'shobbyhistory,hisdadhaddoubts,butheagreed.Muchtohisparents'surprise,

Linkepthispromise.HestudiedcookingattheCentreeverySaturday,andpractisedathome,

makingdeliciousmealsforhisfamily.Everyonelookedforwardtobirthdays,whentheycouldeat

hiscakes.Lingotgreatsatisfactionfromthepleasurehisfoodbroughttoothers.Themonthsturnedtoyearsbuthishobbyneverchangedagain.NowLinisanadultandrunsasuccessfulrestaurant.Whencustomerssaytheyenjoyhismeal,he

stillgetsthesamepleasurehedidasachild,andremembersthespecialgifthereceivedallthose

yearsago.1.Whydidn'tLinchoosetostudyphotography?A.Itwastooexpensive.B.Hehadnointerestinit.C.Hewasnotverycreative.D.Itwasnotofferedthatterm.2.Theunderlinedexpression“catchhiseye”inParagraph4means“

”.A.makehimexcitedB.causehimsurpriseC.gethisattentionD.helphimseeclearly3.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesLin'sinterestincooking?A.Itonlylastedforashorttime.B.Itseemedtomatchhischaracter.C.Itwasforcedonhimbyhisparents.D.Itdevelopedslowlyovermanymonths.4.WhydidthefatherhavedoubtsaboutLin'schoiceofcooking?A.Linwasn'tgoodatcooking.B.Cookingwasn'tveryconvenient.C.Hedidn'tthinkLinwouldcontinue.D.Cookingwasn'tagoodhobbyforaboy.5.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.AStrictFatherB.AChangeableBoyC.TheFunofCookingD.TheBirthdayGift答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文介紹了Lin11歲生日時(shí)父母送給他的禮物——烹飪課程,這成為了他終身的

興趣,也是他成功經(jīng)營(yíng)餐館的原因。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段倒數(shù)第二句(雖然Lin家不窮,但是他們家也不富裕,并且買相機(jī)要

花很多錢。)可知A項(xiàng)“它太貴了”符合題意,故答案為A項(xiàng)。2.C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“Hedidn'tevenknowwhatthatmeant.”可知由于Lin對(duì)演講一

無(wú)所知,因此這個(gè)課程吸引了他的注意力。故答案為C項(xiàng)。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第二句“‘Cooking’soundedlikesomethinghe'dliketo

do.”可知烹飪符合他的性格特點(diǎn)。故答案為B項(xiàng)。4.C推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“...nonekepthisinterestformorethanaweekortwo”

和第六段第一句“BasedonLin'shobbyhistory,...”可推斷出爸爸認(rèn)為L(zhǎng)in也會(huì)像以前那樣不

會(huì)堅(jiān)持很久。故答案為C項(xiàng)。5.D主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章開(kāi)頭“Forhiseleventhbirthday,Linwasgivenagift...”和文章結(jié)

尾的“...thespecialgifthereceived...”可知文章關(guān)鍵詞為“禮物”。故答案為D項(xiàng)。長(zhǎng)難句Whencustomerssaytheyenjoyhismeal,hestillgetsthesamepleasurehedidasachild,

andremembersthespecialgifthereceivedallthoseyearsago.當(dāng)客人們說(shuō)他們喜歡吃他的菜時(shí),

他仍然和他小時(shí)候一樣快樂(lè),并想起多年前他收到的這份特別的禮物。本句為復(fù)合句。when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句hedidasachild修飾先行詞pleasure。定

語(yǔ)從句hereceivedallthoseyearsago修飾先行詞gift。重點(diǎn)詞匯shapeone'slife塑造某人的生活;onoffer提供的,削價(jià)出售的;basedon以……為基

礎(chǔ),基于詞匯積累requirementn.要求,必要條件,必需品Passage6(2018廣東廣州,B)Expertsbelievethattherearemorethan8millionrestaurantsintheworldtoday.Soitmightsur-

priseyoutolearnthatrestaurants,asweknowthem,haveonlyexistedforafewcenturies.Before

1765,therewerenorestaurants.Thatis,therewerenoplacesthatprovidedtherestaurantexperi-

ence.Therewasnowhereinwhichawaiterbroughtyoufoodanddrinkthatyoupickedfroma

menu.Infact,therewerenomenusanywhere.Therewereeatingplacestravellerscouldgotocenturiesbeforethat.Thecountrysidewasfullof

innsthatwouldservefood.Andthereweretavernswhereonecouldgetdrinks.Therichcouldalso

eatspecialmealspreparedbyprivatecooks.Butnoneofthemcouldbecalleda“restaurant”.AmancalledBoulangerchangedthat.In1765,heopenedaplaceinParisthatsoldsoups(湯).On

hissignheusedtheword“restaurant”todescribewhathewasselling.Atthattime,soupswere

consideredsomethingthatcouldhelp“restore”(恢復(fù))yourhealth—inFrenchtheword“re-

store”is“restaurer”—sohecalledthesoups“restaurants”.Soon,peoplestartedbuying

Boulanger'ssoupsevenwhentheywerenotill.Andovertime,peoplebegantousetheword“restaurant”torefertoaplacesellingsoupratherthanthesoupitself.More“restaurants”

openedinFrance,andpeoplebegantobuysoupsmoreoften.Later,restaurantsinParisbegantoserveotherfoodbesidessoup.Inthe1790s,menusstartedto

appear.Bythemid-1800s,thereweremanytypesofrestaurantsthroughouttheworld.TheUnited

Statesofferedcoffeeshops.TeahousesbecamepopularthroughoutChina.Pariscreatedbeautiful

restaurantsfortherich.TheBritishbegantocopytheFrench,andtherestaurantideaspread

throughouttheBritishEmpire.Todaycitiesarefilledwithalltypesofrestaurants.Dinershavemillionsofoptionsfromwhichto

choose.1.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Howrestaurantsdeveloped.B.Whatmadeagoodrestaurant.C.Whocreatedthefirstrestaurant.D.Whyrestaurantsbecamepopular.2.Accordingtothefirstparagraph,whatmaderestaurantsdifferentfromearliereatingplaces?A.Restaurantsonlyservedfood.B.Restaurantsweremoreexpensive.C.Restaurantsweremainlyincities.D.Restaurantshadalistofmealchoices.3.WhodidBoulangerexpecttocomeandeatathisrestaurant?A.Richpeople.B.Sickpeople.C.Travellers.D.Workers.4.Whenitwasfirstused,whatdidtheword“restaurant”referto?A.Aperson.B.Aplace.C.Illness.D.Soup.5.Whendidrestaurantsbegintogrowinternationally?A.Inthe1600s.B.Inthe1700s.C.Inthe1800s.D.Inthe1900s.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了restaurant(餐館)名字的由來(lái)及餐館的發(fā)展。1.A主旨大意題。通讀全文可知文章主要是關(guān)于餐館的發(fā)展的,故答案為A項(xiàng)。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句中“therewerenomenusanywhere”可知,D項(xiàng)“餐

館有一份可供選擇的食物清單”符合題意,故答案為D項(xiàng)。3.B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“...soupswereconsideredsomethingthatcouldhelp

‘restore’yourhealth”可推斷出“病人”需要恢復(fù)健康,故答案為B項(xiàng)。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第四句“...sohecalledthesoups‘restaurants’”可知答案為

D項(xiàng)。5.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三句“Bythemid-1800s,thereweremanytypesofrestaurants

throughouttheworld.”可知答案為C項(xiàng)。長(zhǎng)難句Atthattime,soupswereconsideredsomethingthatcouldhelp“restore”yourhealth—

inFrenchtheword“restore”is“restaurer”—sohecalledthesoups“restaurants”.那時(shí),湯

被認(rèn)為是可以幫助恢復(fù)你健康的食物——在法語(yǔ)里“恢復(fù)”是“restaurer”——所以他把這些湯稱為“restaurants”。本句是復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞something。破折號(hào)間的句子起解釋說(shuō)明的作

用。詞匯積累existv.存在;optionn.選擇,選項(xiàng)Passage7(2018廣東廣州,C)ManypeopleknowthatrubbishisabigproblemonplanetEarth.Whatmanypeopledon'tknowis

thatjunk(垃圾)hasbecomeaprobleminouterspacetoo.AccordingtoBBCNews,therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloatingaroundthe

earth.Andthesearejustthethingsthatwecanseefromthesurfaceoftheearthbytelescopes(望遠(yuǎn)

鏡).Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunkthatwecan'tsee.Objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundtheplanetatveryhighspeed,so

fastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangeroustoastronauts.

Ifthetiniestpieceofjunkcrashedintoaspaceship,itcoulddamagethevehicle.Tomakethingsworse,whentwoobjectsinspacecrash,theybreakintomanysmallerpieces.For

example,whenaU.S.satellitehitanoldRussianrocketin2009,itbrokeintomorethan2,000

pieces,increasingtheamountofspacejunk.Toreduceadditionalspacejunk,countrieshaveagreedthatallnewspacetoolscanonlystayin

spacefor25yearsatmost.Eachtoolmustbebuilttofallsafelyintotheearth'satmosphereafterthattime.Intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburnup.Manyscientistsarealsosuggestingdifferentwaystocleanupspacejunk.InEnglandscientistsare

testingametalnetthatcanbefiredintospacejunk.Thenetcatchesthejunkandthenpullsitinto

theearth'satmospheretoburnup.TheGermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollectpiecesof

spacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.“Theproblemisbecomingmorechallengingbecausewe'resendingmoreobjectsintospaceto

helppeopleusetheirmobilephonesandcomputers,”saysMarcoCastronuovo,anItalianspace

researcher.“Thetimetoactisnow.Thelongerweleavetheproblem,thebiggeritwillbecome,”hesays.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“these”inParagraph2referto?A.Telescopes.B.Satellites.C.Piecesofspacejunk.D.BBCnewsreports.2.Whyisspacejunkconsideredaproblem?A.Itburnsupafteritre-enterstheatmosphere.B.ItoftenstopstheviewoftelescopesonEarth.C.Itcouldforcenewspacetoolstotravelatslowerspeed.D.Itmaycrashintootherspacetoolscausingdamageordeath.3.Countrieswantfuturespacetoolstobeabletofallbackintotheearth'satmospheresothat

.A.thetoolscanbereusedlaterB.thetoolsdon'tbecomespacejunkC.theearth'satmospherecanstaycleanD.theeffectsofspaceflightcanbestudied4.HowdotheGermansplantodealwithspacejunk?A.Catchitwithnets.B.Userobotstocollectit.C.Burnitintheearth'satmosphere.D.Senditfurtherawayfromtheearth.5.Inwhichsectionofthenewspaperwouldyouprobablyreadthisarticle?A.Environment.B.LocalNews.C.Education.D.Fashion.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,講述了日益嚴(yán)重的外太空垃圾問(wèn)題,以及一些國(guó)家對(duì)此問(wèn)題

的處理情況。1.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“...therearemorethan22,000piecesofspacejunkfloat-

ing...”和下文的“Therearealsomillionsofsmallerpiecesofjunk...”可知these指的是“太空

垃圾碎片”,故答案為C項(xiàng)。2.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第一句“...evenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesor

becomedangeroustoastronauts.”可知即使一小塊(垃圾)都有可能擊破衛(wèi)星或者對(duì)宇航員造

成危險(xiǎn),故答案為D項(xiàng)。3.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“Intheupperpartsoftheatmosphere,itwillburn

up.”可知太空工具可在大氣層外層燒毀,那么它們就不會(huì)成為太空垃圾了,故答案為B項(xiàng)。4.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段最后一句“TheGermansarebuildingrobotsthatcancollect

piecesofspacejunkandbringthembacktoEarthtobesafelydestroyed.”可知德國(guó)人正制造機(jī)

器人去收集太空碎片,故答案為B項(xiàng)。5.A主旨大意題。本文主要講述太空垃圾的問(wèn)題,屬于環(huán)境問(wèn)題,A項(xiàng)“環(huán)境”與題意吻合,

故答案為A項(xiàng)。長(zhǎng)難句Objects,likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites,movearoundtheplanetatveryhigh

speed,sofastthatevenaverysmallpiececanbreakimportantsatellitesorbecomedangeroustoas-

tronauts.像舊的太空火箭或衛(wèi)星的碎片那樣的物體圍繞地球高速運(yùn)行,速度之快以至于甚至是

一小塊(碎片)也能擊破重要的衛(wèi)星或?qū)τ詈絾T造成危險(xiǎn)。本句為復(fù)合句。句子主干為Objectsmovearoundtheplanetatveryhighspeed;so...that引導(dǎo)結(jié)

果狀語(yǔ)從句。介詞短語(yǔ)likebitsofoldspacerocketsorsatellites作后置定語(yǔ)修飾主語(yǔ)objects。重點(diǎn)詞匯atmospheren.大氣,氣氛;damagev.破壞詞匯積累satelliten.衛(wèi)星;astronautn.宇航員;additionaladj.附加的,額外的Passage8(2018廣東廣州,D)1.Howarethebooksonthiswebpagelisted?A.Byprice.B.Bypopularity.C.Byreaders'age.D.Bywriters'name.2.WhatistrueaboutthebookWomen

in

Science?A.ItismainlyaboutMarieCurie'shistory.B.Itlistsalltheimportantscientificachievements.C.Itincludeswomenscientiststhataren'tfamous.D.Itismostlyaboutthedevelopmentofmodernscience.3.HowmuchwillaBestbooksBookClubmemberpayintotalifheordersFirst

Big

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of

How

andA

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of

Nearly

Everythingtoday?A.$34.B.$30.C.$26.D.$24.4.AprimaryschoolstudentwhoneedstowriteasciencereportaboutAfricanelephantsshould

choose

.A.Women

in

ScienceB.First

Big

Book

of

HowC.A

Really

Short

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of

Nearly

EverythingD.First

Big

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the

World5.Whatisthemainpurposeofthiswebpage?A.Tosellbookstoyoungreaders.B.Toattractnewbookclubmembers.C.Toencouragestudents'interestinscience.D.Toreviewbooksyoungreadersmightlike.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是一則廣告。Bestbooks網(wǎng)站向孩子們推薦了4本本月最受歡迎的書。1.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)網(wǎng)頁(yè)上Thismonth'smostpopularbooks可知書是按受歡迎程度排列

的,故答案為B項(xiàng)。2.C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一本書中的“Thisbookisagreatintroductiontothelivesandworks

ofsomeofthemostimportantandup-to-nowunknownwomeninscience.”可知書里會(huì)介紹一

些不出名的女科學(xué)家。故答案為C項(xiàng)。3.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二本書的Price$15和第三本書的Price$15可知兩本書的原價(jià)總價(jià)

為$30,且由Forthismonthonly,allBestbooksBookClubmemberswillpay20%lessforevery

bookordered.可知這個(gè)月購(gòu)書會(huì)員可以享受每本20%的優(yōu)惠,因此會(huì)員應(yīng)付$24,故答案為D

項(xiàng)。4.D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四本書的“Thisbookistheperfectintroductiontothesevenconti-

nents.Ittellsyoungreadersaboutthedifferentanimalsthatliveoneachoftheselandsandgivesa

simpledescriptionofthepeople'shistoryandculture.”可知書里介紹的是各大洲里生活的不同動(dòng)物,“非洲大象”也包括在內(nèi),故答案為D項(xiàng)。5.A主旨大意題。由四本書下面都有價(jià)格,以及介紹后都有OrderNow可知網(wǎng)站是要賣書。

故答案為A項(xiàng)。重點(diǎn)詞匯offern.出價(jià);membern.會(huì)員;deliveryn.遞送;non-membern.非會(huì)員詞匯積累recommendv.推薦;introductionn.介紹Passage9(2018深圳,A)Whenyougoonavacation,thehotelyouchooseandtheroomyoustayinareimportant.Thereare

manycooltheme(主題)hotelroomsaroundtheworld.Herearesomeofthem.TheHarryPotterRoomTheGeorgeCastleHotelinEnglandgivesitsgueststheexperienceofstayinginHarryPotter'sworld.This19th-centurycastlehotelisbesideHarryPottertourbusstop.ThebuswilltakeyoutotheMakingofHarryPotterstudiotour.IceThemeRoomAnicethemecanbefoundatHotelDeGlaceinCanada.Inwinter,youcangetafireplaceandaprivatespaintherooms.Theicehotelhasnewroomseachyear.Thiswinter,itwillbuildaroomwiththethemeofDisney'smovieFrozen.Pirate(海盜)ThemeRoomIfyouwantamoreattractivethemeroom,theAdventureIslandHotelinAmericaisthebestchoice.Intheirpiratethemerooms,you'llfeellikeyou'reonapirateshipinaworldofseaadventures.NightattheMovieRoomAttheWensleyHotelinAustralia,guestsarecrazyabouttheNightattheMovieRoom.TheretheycanseedifferentthingsofHollywood,suchas

Hollywoodsignsoverthedoor,andhand-paintedactors'picturesabovethebed.1.WhatcanguestsdoduringtheirstayattheGeorgeCastleHotel?A.Visitamoviestudio.B.Haveaprivatespa.C.Enjoyamovienight.D.Playanadventuregame.2.WhoismostlikelytochoosetheAdventureIslandHotel?A.KidswholoveDisneyland.B.Kidswholovepiratestories.C.Adultswholovecastletours.D.Adultswholovewatchingmovies.3.WhatisthepossiblechoiceforasuperfanofHollywoodmovies?A.TheWensleyHotel.B.HotelDeGlace.C.TheGeorgeCastleHotel.D.TheAdventureIslandHotel.4.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Astorybook.B.Ahistorybook.C.Asciencebook.D.Atravelguidebook.答案[語(yǔ)篇解讀]本文是說(shuō)明文。介紹了在旅游時(shí)可供選擇的一些主題酒店房間的信息。1.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一欄中的“This19th-centurycastlehotelisbesideHarryPotter

tourbusstop.ThebuswilltakeyoutotheMakingofHarryPotterstudiotour.”可知答案為A。2.B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三欄中的“you'llfeellikeyou'reonapirateship”可知答案為B。3.A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四欄中的“TheretheycanseedifferentthingsofHollywood...”可

知答案為A。4.D推理判斷題。通讀全文可知文章介紹了四個(gè)主題酒店,與旅游相關(guān),故答案為D。Passage10(2018深圳,B)Lastsummer,MacHollan,aprimaryschoolteacher,wascyclingtoAlaskawithtwofriends.On

theway,hisfriendshadtostopforabicyclerepair,buttheyencouragedMactorideon,andthey

wouldcatchupwithhimsoon.Macbegantocyclealone.Afewminuteslater,Macheardquickandloudbreathingbehindhim.

“Man,that'sabigdog!”hethought.Butwhenhelookedtotheside,hesawimmediatelythatit

wasn'tadogatall,butawolf,quicklycatchingupwithhim.Mac'sheartjumped.Hesearchedandtookouthiscanofbearspray(防熊噴霧).Withonehandon

thebars,hefiredthesprayatthewolf.Abrightredcloudenvelopedtheanimal.ToMac'srelief

(