2024年中考模擬試卷英語（廣東廣州卷）

2024年中考第二次模擬考試（廣州卷）英語（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：90分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、語法選擇(本題15小題；每小題1分，共15分)Oneday,Ihadamealin1expensiverestaurant.Ayoungcouplewithasmallboyorderedapieceofthecheapestbeefsteak.“Sir,anythingelse?Onepieceisnotenoughforallofyou!”Thewaitersaid.Thedadwasalittle2.Hesaid,“Thanks.It’senough.Wejustwanttobringtheguytohavebeefsteak,andwe3supper.”Iwatch4forawhile.Ifoundthattheparentsnotonlytooktheboytohavebeefsteak,butalsoregardedasaprocessof5.Theparentstaughtthekid6tousetheknifeandforkandtoldhimsometablemanners.I’dlike7goodfriendswiththefamily.ThenIwalkedoverandasked8.“9Ioffereachofyouacupofcoffee?”Theyacceptedmycoffeewithasmile.Webegantochat.“Tobehonest,weareverypoor,10wecan’taffordanyexpensivefoodatall.However,wehaveeveryconfidenceinourboy.Helivesinapoorfamily,butIbelievehe11greatsuccessinthefuture.That’swhyweteachhimthegoodtablemanners,”saidthedad.“Wehopeourkidcanbeaperson12respectshimselfandothers.”Webecamefriendsandgotonwell13eachother.Afterwards,greatprogress14bythekid,andhesucceeded.AndIhavethehonortodrinkacupofcoffeefromhim,especiallyin15restaurantinEngland.1．A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/2．A．embarrass B．embarrassed C．embarrassing D．embarrassment3．A．eat B．a(chǎn)reeating C．haveeaten D．willeat4．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs5．A．learn B．learns C．tolearn D．learning6．A．how B．what C．why D．who7．A．become B．becoming C．tobecome D．becomes8．A．polite B．politeness C．politely D．politer9．A．May B．Must C．Need D．Should10．A．but B．or C．because D．so11．A．a(chǎn)chieves B．hasachieved C．a(chǎn)chieved D．willachieve12．A．who B．which C．when D．where13．A．of B．with C．from D．in14．A．makes B．made C．hasmade D．wasmade15．A．expensive B．moreexpensive C．mostexpensive D．themostexpensive二、完形填空（本題10小題；每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，理解大意，然后從各小題的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文連貫完整。CashDaniels,a12-year-oldboy,lovesnatureandwantstoprotectourplanet.HegrewupneartheTennesseeRiverandwas16tolearnthatitisoneofthemostpollutedriversintheworld.He17hehadtoact.Atfirst,Cashandhisparentsworkedto18garbageneartheTennesseeRiver.Butsoonherealizedhewouldneedmorehelp.SohestartedorganizingcleanupsoftheTennesseeRiverwithhisfriends,neighborsandvolunteers.Mostofthemwerefromthecommunity.Cashalsowroteachildren’sbookaboutriverpollutiontohelpothers19whyitwassoimportanttoprotectourplanet.Heevenslowlyraisedenough20toplace17recyclingdustbinsalongtheriver.Cash’s21workanddevotion(奉獻)havehadabiginfluenceinhishometown.Hewasgiven“GreenYouth”forhisefforttoprotecttheenvironmentin2021.ButCashisn’tstoppingthere.Heknowsthere’sstill22worktodo.Hewantstotravelaroundtheworld,teachothersabouttheoceananditscreatures(生物),and23peopletoprotectit.Cashbelievesthateverylittle24countsandthateveryonecanmakeapositivechange.Heencourageseveryonetostandupandtakepartinprotectingour25.16．A．happy B．sad C．nervous D．a(chǎn)fraid17．A．hid B．a(chǎn)voided C．refused D．knew18．A．pickup B．lookup C．setup D．getup19．A．express B．compare C．understand D．develop20．A．jobs B．money C．hobbies D．clubs21．A．hard B．common C．terrible D．safe22．A．less B．worse C．more D．slower23．A．decide B．encourage C．manage D．choose24．A．interview B．courage C．direction D．a(chǎn)ction25．A．dream B．speech C．planet D．website閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從26-40各題所給的A、B、C、D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ALifeisfullofsurprisesandyouneverknowhowthingswillturnout.SirJohnGurdonisagoodexampleofthis.Asaboy,hewastoldthathewashopelessatScienceandwasatthebottomofhisclass.Later,aged79,theverysameGurdonsharedthe2012NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithJapanesestemcell(干細胞)researcherShinyaYamanaka.Likesomanyscientists,Gurdonshowsuswherethepowerofcuriosityandperseverancecanleadto.Attheageof15in1948,Gurdonrankedlastoutthe250boysathishighschoolinBiology.Gurdon’shighschoolscienceteacherevensaidthathisdreamofbecomingascientistwas“quiteridiculous.”Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticisms,Gurdonfollowedhiscuriosityandkeptworkinghard.Hewenttothelabearlierandleftlaterthananyoneelse.Heexperiencedthousandsoffailures.“Myownbeliefisthatwewill,intheend,understandeverythingabouthowcellsactuallywork,”Gurdonsaid.Inthe1960s,Gurdontookacellfromanadultfrogandmoveditsgeneticinformationintoaneggcell.Theeggcellthengrewintoaclone(克隆)oftheadultfrog.ThistechniquelaterhelpedtocreatethesheepDollyin1996,thefirstclonedmammal(哺乳動物)intheworld.In2006,Gurdon’sworkwasdevelopedbyYamanakatoshowthatasampleofaperson’sskincanbeusedtocreatestemcells.Usingthetechnique,doctorscanrepairapatient’sheartafteraheartattack.“Luckfavoursthepreparedmind,”GurdontoldtheNoblePrizeOrganization.“Ninetypercentofthetimethingsdon’twork,butwhentheydo,youhavetoseize(抓住)thechance.”26．Whowonthe2012NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicine?A．SirJohnGurdon.B．ShinyaYamanaka.C．SirJohnGurdonandShinyaYamanaka.D．Gurdon’sscienceteacher.27．Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementaboutSirJohnGurdonisTRUE?A．Asaboy,hewastoldthathewashopeful.B．HerankedfirstathishighschoolinBiology.C．It’simpossibleforthedoctorstorepairapatient’sheartafteraheartattack.D．Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticisms,hekeptworkinghard.28．Fromthepassage,weknowSirJohnGurdon’ssuccessdependedonmanythingsEXCEPT________.A．perseverance B．criticisms C．diligence D．curiosity29．What’sthemainideaofthepassage?A．Ninetypercentofthetimethingsdon’twork.B．Luckfavoursthepreparedmind.C．Lifeisfullofsurprises.D．Howcellsactuallywork.BAfterChinesePoetryConferenceandLettersAlivebecameprettypopularinChina,anewshowfocusingonnationaltreasuresalsobecamepopular.ItshowedChineseviewers’growinginterestinthetraditionalculture.AssoonasNationalTreasurewasshownonTV,itquicklybecameoneofthemostpopularTVshowsinChina.“Fun”,“Creative”and“Informative(增進知識的)”werethemostwidely-usedwordstodescribetheshowontheInternet.TheshowmainlyintroducedthehistoryandstoriesofsomenationaltreasureswhichwerekeptinninekeymuseumsinChina.Tosomeviewers’surprise,theyfoundsomefamousactorsineveryepisode(一集)oftheshow,whichmadethemfeelmoreinterested.Attheendoftheshow,theninemostvaluabletreasureswouldbechosenbyviewerstotakepartinanexhibitionatthePalaceMuseuminBeijingtocelebratethe600thanniversary(周年紀念日)oftheForbiddenCity.InthefirstepisodeofNationalTreasure,thePalaceMuseumshowedthreetreasures:StoneDrum,ThePanoramicPaintingofRiversandMountainsbyWangXimengandLargeVasewithVariegatedGlazes(斑釉大花瓶).FamousactorsWangKai,LiChenandTonyLeungKa-faiplayedrolesofnationaltreasurekeepersalongwithotheractors.Theyintroducedthetreasuresandtoldviewersstoriesaboutthesetreasures.Doyouwanttowatchtheshow?Youcangoonlinetowatchit!30．TheshowNationalTreasure________.A．isonlyshownonTVB．isadocumentaryaboutnatureC．mainlyintroducessomenationaltreasuresD．mainlyintroducesexperiencesoffamouspeople31．Whichofthefollowingwordscan’tbeusedtodescribeNationalTreasure?A．Informative. B．Strange. C．Interesting. D．Creative.32．WhyisNationalTreasuresopopular?A．Becauseit’sonlyshownonTV.B．Becausepeoplecanseemanyfamousactorsinit.C．BecausepeoplecanenjoynationaltreasuresfromanymuseuminChina.D．Becauseithelpspeoplelearnaboutnationaltreasuresinaninterestingway.33．Whydoesthewriterwritethepassage?A．TointroduceaTVshowcalledNationalTreasure.B．Tointroducethereasonwhysomeactorsaresopopular.C．TointroducesomeofthemostpopularTVshowsinChina.D．TointroducethereasonwhyChinesepeoplelikethetraditionalculture.CAspeoplegetolder,thetypesoffriendstheyhavetendtochange.Asyoungadults,humanshavealotoffriends.Withage,theyoftenprefertospendtheirtimewithjustafewclose,positivepeople.Researcherslongbelievedthatthischangewasuniquetohumans,butanewstudyfindsthatchimpanzeesalsohavesimilartrends.Oneexplanationforthehumanstogetpickyaboutsocialconnectionshastodowithawarenessofourlimitedlifetime.“Peoplemonitorhowmuchtimewehaveleftinourlifeandchooseemotionally-fulfillingrelationshipsinoldage,”saysoneofthestudy’sleadauthorsAlexandraG.Rosati,apsychologistattheUniversityofMichigan.Aspeopleage,theydon’twanttobesurroundedbyalargegroupofnegativefriends,butwouldprefertobenearsomeoptimisticones.Rosatiandhercolleaguewerecuriouswhetherchimpanzeewouldshowsimilarfeatureseventhoughtheydon’tseemtobeawareoftheirupcomingdeath.Researchersused78,000hoursofobservationsmadeover20yearsfromtheKibaleChimpanzeeProjectinUganda.Thedatalookedatthesocialinteractions（互動）of21malechimpanzeebetween15and58yearsold.Theresearchersonlystudiedmalechimpanzeebecausetheyshowstrongersocialbondsandhavemoresocialinteractionsthanfemalechimpanzee.Researchersfoundthatwildchimpanzeeshareasimilarpattern.“Theyinteractwithothersinmorepositivewaysastheygetolder.Youngeradults,incontrast,showmoreaggression（好斗情緒）andweremorelikelytoformone-sidedrelationshipswheretheirpartnerdidnotreciprocate.”saysRosati.Forexample,theolderchimpanzeeswouldsitclosetotheirlong-timecompanionsandgroom（給……梳毛）eachother,whileyoungerchimpshadmoreone-sidedrelationshipswheretheywouldgroomafriend,buttheactionwasn’treturned.ThestudywaspublishedinthejournalScience.“Thisagingpatternmaybetheresultofsharedchangesinourabilitiestomanageouremotionswithage,”Rosatisays.“Thissharedpatternbetweenchimpanzeeandhumanscouldrepresentanadaptiveresponsewhereolderadultsfocusonimportantsocialrelationshipsthatprovidebenefitsandavoidinteractionsthathavenegativeresultsastheylosecompetitivefightingability.”34．Whydohumanschangetheirpreferenceforfriendsinoldage?A．Theydon’tlikemakingnewfriends. B．Theirfriendspassawayonebyone.C．Theyadapttothechangesinnature. D．Theyknowtheirlifeisrunningout.35．WhatisthepurposeofParagraph3?A．Toshowthestudywasdonescientifically.B．Toshowhowscientiststriedtoprovetheirguessing.C．Toshowhowharditwastoobservethechimpanzee.D．Toshowmalechimpanzeeareunawareofupcomingdeath.36．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reciprocate”inParagraph4mean?__________A．Repaytheirkindness. B．Takecareofthem.C．Getalongwellwiththem. D．Sitclosetothem.37．Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?__________A．PeoplepreferpositivePartnersinOldAgeB．PositiveBondsBenefitChimpsinManyWaysC．AgingChimpslikeUsactPickyAboutFriendsD．ChimpsShareSimilarTendencieswithHumansDStopmotionmoviesStopmotionisaspecialtypeofmovie-making.Itusesrealobjects,insteadofdrawings,totellastory.Thestoryrolescanbepeople,animals,oreveneverydayobjects.Youcanmakethemoutofclay(橡皮泥)orjustusesomesmalltoys.MakeamovieGiveitatry,andbecreative!Getyourparentsandfriendstogetherandshowyourfilm!Whatyouwillneed*Asmartphoneorcamerathatshootsvideos*Asupportwiththreelegsusedforthephoneorcamera*Yourimaginationandastorytotell*Roles(Useactionfigures(動態(tài)木偶),toys,etc.,ormakesomewithclay)*Agoodplacetoshootamovie*Whateverelseyouneedforyourstory▲Makeupashortstory.Makesureithasabeginning,middleandanend.Thenwritedownyourstory.Pickaplacewhereyou’regoingtoshootthemovie.Makesureyou’llhaveenoughroomtotakepictures.Collectormaketherolesyou’llneedforyourmovie,thenprepareanybackdrops(背景幕布)(Evenapieceofclothwillwork).Setupyourfirstshot.Putyourrolesandprops(道具)attherightplaceforyourfirstscene.Keepyour“moviecamera”steady(穩(wěn)定的)withthethreelegs.Repeatthestepaboveoverandoveranduntilyoucompleteyourstory.38．Thispassageisfromawebsitefor________.A．children B．parents C．a(chǎn)dults D．teachers39．Whyis“asupportwiththreelegs”needed?A．Toshootamovie. B．Tosupportthebackdropswell.C．Tomakecharacters. D．Tostopthecameramovingeasily.40．Whichofthefollowingcanbestfillintheblank“▲”?A．Thingstoprepare B．StepstodoC．Storiestochoose D．Rolestocollect閱讀填空（本題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從文后選出適當(dāng)?shù)木渥友a全短文，使短文意思通順，內(nèi)容完整?！癢illplantsgrowontheMoon?”Foryears,scientistskeeptryingtofindtheanswertothisquestion.Luckily,withtheirgreateffort,theanswerturnsouttobe“Yes.”41ScientistsfromUniversityofFloridamadethisgreatdiscovery.42Theyplantedthalecress,asmallfloweringplant,thenaddedwater,nutrientsandlight,andrecordedtheresults.Atfirst,thescientistsweren’tsureiftheseedswouldgrow.Butnearlyallofthemdid.Scientistswereamazedwiththeresult.43Thegoodnewswasalmostallseedsgrew.Butafterthefirstweek,theygrewslowly.Mostplantsendedupsmallandnotfullydeveloped.ScientistsalsofoundthatthelongerthesoilwasontheMoon,theworsetheplantsseemedtogrow.Themoonsoil,stayingforseveralbillionyearslong,wastheleasthelpfulforgrowth.44Only382kilogramsofmoonrocksandsoilwerebroughtbackbytheastronautsthatlandedonthemoon.45Thescientistshopetoreusethesoillater,plantingmorethalecressbeforepossiblymovingontootherplants.“Growingplantsisabigstepforward.Thenextstepistogoandgrowplantsonthemoon.”ascientistsaid.A．Twelvegramsofthesoilwasgivenfortheplantingexperiment.B．Soanewmethodmightbetouseyoungermoonsoil.C．Scientistshavegrownplantsinmoonsoil,afirstinhistory.D．Astimewenton,scientistsmademorediscoveries.E．Theydidasimpleexperimenttogrowplantsinmoonsoil.四、語篇填詞(本題共5小題，每小題1分，共5分）閱讀短文，根據(jù)上下文和所給的首字母寫出所缺單詞。注意使用正確的形式，每空限填一詞。答卷時，要求寫出完整的單詞。Theworld’sfamouspalace,the600-year-oldForbiddenCity,receivesmorethan17millionv46everyyear.Butifweweretotravelbacktothepast,thishugepalacewouldbeatotalmysterytous.Atthattime,allbuildingsinBeijingwerelowexcepttheForbiddenCity.Itwasguardedbyhighwalls.Aftergettingalookatthegoldenrooffromtheoutside,commonpeoplecouldonlyimaginewhatitlookedlikeinside.TheForbiddenCitywhichisintheheartofBeijingisoneofthel47palacesonEarth.Itc48morethan720,000squaremetresandhas1,050buildingsandmorethan8,700rooms.Itwasb49bytheYongleEmperoroftheMingDynasty.Afterthat,itservedasthelivingandworkingplaceforfourteenemperorsoftheMingDynastyandtenemperorsoftheQingDynastyu50thelastemperorPuYileftin1924.ThepalacesawthehighsandlowsoftheMingandQingDynasties,aswellashowQingDynastyfinallycametoanendinChina.五、完成句子(本題共5小題，每小題2分，共10分）51．去年，Ann被選為去中國交流的學(xué)生之一。AnntobeoneoftheexchangestudentstoChinalastyear.52．當(dāng)時她對體驗中國文化習(xí)俗充滿期待。SheChinesecultureandcustomsatthattime.53．這是她第一次來中國，她不知道自己是否能明白中文。ShewonderedChinesebecausethiswasherfirsttimetocometoChina.54．她的寄宿家庭很好，在她空閑的時候為她組織了很多活動。wasniceherhostfamilyalotactivitiesinhersparetime.55．這是一段多么難忘的經(jīng)歷啊！itwas!六、書面表達（15分）56．中考即將到來，有一小部分同學(xué)感到焦慮。學(xué)會放松，保持陽光健康的心態(tài)，有助于同學(xué)們愉快學(xué)習(xí)。最近，學(xué)校英語廣播站舉行以“健康成長”為主題的征文活動。假如你是李華，請根據(jù)以下提示，寫一篇短文參賽。提示如下：焦慮的表現(xiàn)無法安心學(xué)習(xí)、擔(dān)心成績……保持陽光心態(tài)重要性有益身心，有助于學(xué)習(xí)……具體做法多運動、按時作息、多與他人交流……要求：1.必須包含以上要點，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；2.語句通順，意思連貫，語法正確，書寫規(guī)范；3.文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名等相關(guān)信息；4.詞數(shù)100詞左右（開頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，不計入總詞數(shù)）。DearSir/Madam,_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,LiHua

2024年中考第二次模擬考試（廣州卷）英語（考試時間：100分鐘試卷滿分：90分）注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。一、語法選擇(本題15小題；每小題1分，共15分)Oneday,Ihadamealin1expensiverestaurant.Ayoungcouplewithasmallboyorderedapieceofthecheapestbeefsteak.“Sir,anythingelse?Onepieceisnotenoughforallofyou!”Thewaitersaid.Thedadwasalittle2.Hesaid,“Thanks.It’senough.Wejustwanttobringtheguytohavebeefsteak,andwe3supper.”Iwatch4forawhile.Ifoundthattheparentsnotonlytooktheboytohavebeefsteak,butalsoregardedasaprocessof5.Theparentstaughtthekid6tousetheknifeandforkandtoldhimsometablemanners.I’dlike7goodfriendswiththefamily.ThenIwalkedoverandasked8.“9Ioffereachofyouacupofcoffee?”Theyacceptedmycoffeewithasmile.Webegantochat.“Tobehonest,weareverypoor,10wecan’taffordanyexpensivefoodatall.However,wehaveeveryconfidenceinourboy.Helivesinapoorfamily,butIbelievehe11greatsuccessinthefuture.That’swhyweteachhimthegoodtablemanners,”saidthedad.“Wehopeourkidcanbeaperson12respectshimselfandothers.”Webecamefriendsandgotonwell13eachother.Afterwards,greatprogress14bythekid,andhesucceeded.AndIhavethehonortodrinkacupofcoffeefromhim,especiallyin15restaurantinEngland.1．A．a(chǎn) B．a(chǎn)n C．the D．/2．A．embarrass B．embarrassed C．embarrassing D．embarrassment3．A．eat B．a(chǎn)reeating C．haveeaten D．willeat4．A．they B．them C．their D．theirs5．A．learn B．learns C．tolearn D．learning6．A．how B．what C．why D．who7．A．become B．becoming C．tobecome D．becomes8．A．polite B．politeness C．politely D．politer9．A．May B．Must C．Need D．Should10．A．but B．or C．because D．so11．A．a(chǎn)chieves B．hasachieved C．a(chǎn)chieved D．willachieve12．A．who B．which C．when D．where13．A．of B．with C．from D．in14．A．makes B．made C．hasmade D．wasmade15．A．expensive B．moreexpensive C．mostexpensive D．themostexpensive【答案】1．B2．B3．C4．B5．D6．A7．C8．C9．A10．D11．D12．A13．B14．D15．D【導(dǎo)語】本文講述了作者看見一對夫婦帶著自己兒子去餐廳吃牛排。他們雖然窮，但是相信自己的兒子將來一定會取得很大成就的，于是就教他良好的餐桌禮儀。作者請他們喝咖啡，和他們成為了朋友。后來，這個男孩取得了成功，并請作者在英國最豪華的餐廳喝咖啡。1．句意：有一天，我在一家豪華餐廳吃飯。a一個，修飾輔音音素開頭的單詞；an一個，修飾元音音素開頭的單詞；the那個，表示特指；/是零冠詞。restaurant是可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，此處表示泛指，且“expensive”是元音音素開頭，因此用不定冠詞an修飾，故選B。2．句意：這位父親有點尷尬。embarrass使尷尬；embarrassed尷尬的；embarrassing令人尷尬的；embarrassment尷尬。作為系動詞“was”的表語，用形容詞，主語是“Thedad”，因此描述人的感受，用embarrassed，故選B。3．句意：我們只是想帶他去吃牛排，我們已經(jīng)吃過晚飯了。eat吃，是一般現(xiàn)在時；areeating吃，是現(xiàn)在進行時；haveeaten吃，是現(xiàn)在完成時；willeat吃，是一般將來時。根據(jù)“Wejustwanttobringtheguytohavebeefsteak”可知，我們只是帶他來吃牛排，因此表示我們已經(jīng)吃過晚飯了，用現(xiàn)在完成時表示已經(jīng)做了某事，故選C。4．句意：我觀察了他們一會兒。they他們，是主格形式；them他們，是賓格形式；their他們的，是形容詞性物主代詞；theirs他們的（東西），是名詞性物主代詞。作為動詞“watch”的賓語，用賓格形式，故選B。5．句意：我發(fā)現(xiàn)父母不僅帶著那個男孩去吃牛排，而且把它當(dāng)成一個學(xué)習(xí)的過程。learn學(xué)習(xí)，是動詞原形；learns學(xué)習(xí)，是一般現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù)形式；tolearn學(xué)習(xí)，是動詞不定式；learning學(xué)習(xí)，是動名詞或現(xiàn)在分詞。作為介詞“of”的賓語，用動名詞，故選D。6．句意：父母教孩子如何使用刀叉，并告訴他一些餐桌禮儀。how如何；what什么；why為什么；whose誰的。根據(jù)“toldhimsometablemanners”可知，告訴他餐桌禮儀，因此是在教他如何使用刀叉，故選A。7．句意：我想成為這一家人的好朋友。become成為，是動詞原形；becoming成為，是現(xiàn)在分詞或動名詞；tobecome成為，是動詞不定式；becomes成為，是一般現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù)形式。wouldliketodosth“想要做某事”，空處使用動詞不定式，故選C。8．句意：然后我走過去，禮貌地問：“我可以請你們每人喝杯咖啡嗎？”polite有禮貌的，是形容詞；politeness禮貌，是名詞；politely有禮貌地，是副詞；politer更有禮貌的，是形容詞。修飾動詞“asked”用副詞，故選C。9．句意：然后我走過去，禮貌地問：“我可以請你們每人喝杯咖啡嗎？”May可以；Must必須；Need需要；Should應(yīng)該。根據(jù)后文的“Theyacceptedmycoffeewithasmile.”可知，他們接受了我的咖啡，因此表示我請他們喝咖啡，用MayI...?“我可以……嗎？”，故選A。10．句意：老實說，我們很窮，所以我們根本買不起任何昂貴的食物。but但是；or或者；because因為；so所以。結(jié)合句意，前半句表示我們非常窮，后半句表示我們買不起任何昂貴的食物，后半句表示結(jié)果，用連詞“so”引導(dǎo)，故選D。11．句意：他生活在一個貧窮的家庭，但我相信他將在未來取得巨大的成功。achieves完成，是一般現(xiàn)在時的第三人稱單數(shù)形式；hasachieved完成，是現(xiàn)在完成時；achieved完成，是一般過去時；willachieve完成，是一般將來時。根據(jù)“inthefuture”可知，此處用一般將來時，故選D。12．句意：我們希望我們的孩子成為一個既尊重自己又尊重他人的人。who引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾人；which引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾事物；when引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾時間；where引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾地點。先行詞為“person”，表示人，因此用who引導(dǎo)定語從句，故選A。13．句意：我們成了朋友，相處得很好。of……的；with和……在一起；from來自；in在……里。getonwellwithsb“和某人相處得好”，故選B。14．句意：后來，孩子取得了很大的進步，他成功了。makes做出，是一般現(xiàn)在時；made做出，是一般過去時；hasmade做出，是現(xiàn)在完成時；wasmade被做出，是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。根據(jù)“bythekid,andhesucceeded”可知，此處用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故選D。15．句意：我有幸喝了一杯他的咖啡，特別是在英國最豪華的餐廳。expensive昂貴的；moreexpensive更昂貴的；themostexpensive最昂貴的，定冠詞+形容詞最高級；mostexpensive最昂貴的。根據(jù)“inEngland”可知，比較范圍在三者以上，因此用最高級，形容詞的最高級前用定冠詞the修飾，故選D。二、完形填空（本題10小題；每小題1分，共10分)閱讀下面短文，理解大意，然后從各小題的四個選項中選出一個最佳答案，使短文連貫完整。CashDaniels,a12-year-oldboy,lovesnatureandwantstoprotectourplanet.HegrewupneartheTennesseeRiverandwas16tolearnthatitisoneofthemostpollutedriversintheworld.He17hehadtoact.Atfirst,Cashandhisparentsworkedto18garbageneartheTennesseeRiver.Butsoonherealizedhewouldneedmorehelp.SohestartedorganizingcleanupsoftheTennesseeRiverwithhisfriends,neighborsandvolunteers.Mostofthemwerefromthecommunity.Cashalsowroteachildren’sbookaboutriverpollutiontohelpothers19whyitwassoimportanttoprotectourplanet.Heevenslowlyraisedenough20toplace17recyclingdustbinsalongtheriver.Cash’s21workanddevotion(奉獻)havehadabiginfluenceinhishometown.Hewasgiven“GreenYouth”forhisefforttoprotecttheenvironmentin2021.ButCashisn’tstoppingthere.Heknowsthere’sstill22worktodo.Hewantstotravelaroundtheworld,teachothersabouttheoceananditscreatures(生物),and23peopletoprotectit.Cashbelievesthateverylittle24countsandthateveryonecanmakeapositivechange.Heencourageseveryonetostandupandtakepartinprotectingour25.16．A．happy B．sad C．nervous D．a(chǎn)fraid17．A．hid B．a(chǎn)voided C．refused D．knew18．A．pickup B．lookup C．setup D．getup19．A．express B．compare C．understand D．develop20．A．jobs B．money C．hobbies D．clubs21．A．hard B．common C．terrible D．safe22．A．less B．worse C．more D．slower23．A．decide B．encourage C．manage D．choose24．A．interview B．courage C．direction D．a(chǎn)ction25．A．dream B．speech C．planet D．website【答案】16．B17．D18．A19．C20．B21．A22．C23．B24．D25．C【導(dǎo)語】本文主要介紹了卡什·丹尼爾斯從小就對保護地球充滿了熱情，他先從清理河流沿岸開始，并將此發(fā)展成為一項人們可以廣泛參與的活動。16．句意：他在田納西河附近長大，當(dāng)?shù)弥@是世界上污染最嚴重的河流之一時，他感到很難過。happy開心的；sad傷心的；nervous緊張的；afraid害怕的。根據(jù)“thatitisoneofthemostpollutedriversintheworld”可知，知道自己所在的田納西河是世界上污染最嚴重的河流之一時，他應(yīng)該很難過，故選B。17．句意：他知道他必須采取行動。hid隱藏；avoided避免；refused拒絕；knew知道。根據(jù)“hehadtoact.”可知，當(dāng)他知道這條河流被嚴重污染時，他知道他必須采取行動。故選D。18．句意：起初，卡什和他的父母在田納西河附近撿垃圾。pickup撿起；lookup查閱；setup建立；getup起床。根據(jù)“garbageneartheTennesseeRiver.”可知，是指撿垃圾，故選A。19．句意：卡什還寫了一本關(guān)于河流污染的兒童讀物，以幫助其他人理解為什么保護我們的星球如此重要。express表達；compare比較；understand理解；develop發(fā)展。根據(jù)“whyitwassoimportanttoprotectourplanet.”可知，這本兒童讀物幫助他人理解為什么保護我們的星球如此重要。故選C。20．句意：他甚至慢慢籌到了足夠的錢，在河邊放置了17個回收垃圾箱。jobs工作；money金錢；hobbies愛好；clubs俱樂部。根據(jù)“raised”可知，籌集的是金錢，故選B。21．句意：卡什的辛勤工作和奉獻精神在他的家鄉(xiāng)產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。hard艱苦的；common常見的；terrible糟糕的；safe安全的。根據(jù)“workanddevotion(奉獻)”可知，是指艱苦工作和奉獻，故選A。22．句意：他知道還有更多的工作要做。less更少；worse更壞的；more更多的；slower更慢的。根據(jù)“ButCashisn’tstoppingthere.”可知，他并沒有停下來，因為他知道還有更多的工作要做。故選C。23．句意：他想環(huán)游世界，教別人關(guān)于海洋和海洋生物的知識，并鼓勵人們保護海洋。decide決定；encourage鼓勵；manage管理；choose選擇。根據(jù)“peopletoprotectit.”可知，他想鼓勵人們保護海洋，故選B。24．句意：卡什相信，每一個小小的行動都很重要，每個人都可以做出積極的改變。interview面試；courage勇氣；direction方向；action行動。根據(jù)“everylittle...countsandthateveryonecanmakeapositivechange”可知，每一個小小的行動都很重要。故選D。25．句意：他鼓勵每個人站起來，參與保護我們的星球。dream夢想；speech演講；planet星球；website網(wǎng)站。根據(jù)“protectingour”可知，保護的是地球，故選C。閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分35分)閱讀理解（共15小題，每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，掌握大意，然后從26-40各題所給的A、B、C、D項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ALifeisfullofsurprisesandyouneverknowhowthingswillturnout.SirJohnGurdonisagoodexampleofthis.Asaboy,hewastoldthathewashopelessatScienceandwasatthebottomofhisclass.Later,aged79,theverysameGurdonsharedthe2012NobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinewithJapanesestemcell(干細胞)researcherShinyaYamanaka.Likesomanyscientists,Gurdonshowsuswherethepowerofcuriosityandperseverancecanleadto.Attheageof15in1948,Gurdonrankedlastoutthe250boysathishighschoolinBiology.Gurdon’shighschoolscienceteacherevensaidthathisdreamofbecomingascientistwas“quiteridiculous.”Inspiteofhisteacher’scriticisms,Gurdonfollowedhiscuriosityandkeptworkinghard.Hewenttothelabearlierandleftlaterthananyoneelse.Heexperiencedthousandsoffailures.“Myownbeliefisthatwewill,intheend,understandeverythingabouthowcellsactuallywork,”Gurdonsaid.Inthe1960s,Gurdontookacellfromanadultfrogandmoveditsgeneticinformationintoaneggcell.Theeggcellthengrewintoaclone(克隆)oftheadultfrog.ThistechniquelaterhelpedtocreatethesheepDollyin1996,thefirstclonedmammal(哺乳動物)intheworld.In2006,Gurdon’sworkwasdevelopedbyYamanakatoshowthatasampleofaperson’sskincanbeusedtocreatestemcells.Usingthetechnique,doctorscanrepairapatient’sheartafteraheartattack.“Luckfavoursthepreparedmind,”GurdontoldtheNoblePrizeOrganization.