第12講-非謂語動(dòng)詞之現(xiàn)在分詞(原卷版)(人教版2019)

第12講非謂語動(dòng)詞之現(xiàn)在分詞知識(shí)點(diǎn)復(fù)習(xí)+習(xí)題跟蹤訓(xùn)練【知識(shí)講解】動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞語態(tài)形式時(shí)態(tài)形式主動(dòng)被動(dòng)一般式doingbeingdone完成式havingdonehavingbeendone1．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作主語(doing/beingdone作主語不表示正在進(jìn)行，只表示主/被動(dòng))(1)動(dòng)名詞短語作主語時(shí)，可以直接放在句首。謂語動(dòng)詞常常用單數(shù)，但表示多于一個(gè)的概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞則用復(fù)數(shù)。Dancingandskatingaremyhobbies，andIalsoliketoreadshortstories.跳舞和溜冰是我的愛好，同時(shí)我也喜歡讀短篇小說。Beinglaughedatinpublicmademeembarrassed.當(dāng)眾被人嘲笑讓我感到尷尬。Smokingisprohibited(禁止)here.此處禁止吸煙。Facinguptoyourproblemsratherthanrunningawayfromthemisthebestapproachtoworkingthingsout.直面你的問題而不是逃避它們，是解決這些問題最好的方法。(2)有時(shí)用it作形式主語，把作真正主語的動(dòng)名詞短語放在句末。常用于固定句型：It'sawasteoftimedoing...；It'snouse/gooddoing...；Itisuselessdoing...；Thereisnousedoing...等中。Thereisnousetryingtopersuadesuchastubbornperson.想要說服這樣一個(gè)固執(zhí)的人是沒有什么用處的。It’snouseonlycomplainingwithouttakingaction.不采取行動(dòng)只是抱怨是沒有用的。2．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語(doing/beingdone作賓語不表示正在進(jìn)行，只表示主/被動(dòng))(1)動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作介詞的賓語IhelpMumoutbydoingthehouseworkthatIcando.我通過做力所能及的家務(wù)活幫助媽媽。注意：以下短語中to都是介詞beusedtodoing習(xí)慣于objectto反對(duì)devoteoneselfto致力于stickto堅(jiān)持payattentionto注意lookforwardto期盼adaptto適應(yīng)adjustto使適應(yīng)于owe...to歸咎于beaddictedto對(duì)……上癮(2)動(dòng)詞-ing形式可以作某些及物動(dòng)詞的賓語，只跟動(dòng)名詞(doing)作賓語的動(dòng)詞有：mind(介意)，miss(錯(cuò)過)，mention(提到)，enjoy(喜歡)，escape(逃避)，practise(練習(xí))，postpone(推遲)，permit(允許)，suggest(建議)，stand(bear，tolerate)(忍受)，consider(考慮)，keep(保持)，avoid(避免)，admit(承認(rèn))，advise(建議)，allow(允許)，appreciate(感激)，risk(冒險(xiǎn))，resist(抵制)，recommend(建議)，finish(完成)，forbid(禁止)，imagine(想象)，dislike(不喜歡)，delay(延遲)，quit(放棄)，deny(否認(rèn))Thethiefkeptrunningtoavoid/escapebeingcaughtbythepolice.小偷不停地跑以避免/逃避被警察抓住。小湯姆正考慮放棄練習(xí)拉小提琴，因?yàn)樗泥従与y以忍受每天聽到這噪音。前幾天，她答應(yīng)每周給湯姆10美元如果他放棄練琴的話。湯姆想象著有很多錢，忍不住接受了她的建議。3．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作表語(1)doing作表語表示籠統(tǒng)的、抽象的概念。(此時(shí)doing名詞意義較強(qiáng)，doing/beingdone作表語不表示正在進(jìn)行，只表示主/被動(dòng))Myjobisteaching.(Teachingismyjob.)我的工作是教書。(教書是我的工作)。Seeingisbelieving.百聞不如一見/眼見為實(shí)。Myjobiscleaningthehousethreetimesaweek(＝Cleaningthehousethreetimesaweekismyjob)．我的工作是每星期打掃三次房子。(2)如果是和情緒相關(guān)的動(dòng)詞-ing形式則形容詞意義較強(qiáng)，表示“令人……的”，往往物作主語。如：amazing，boring，confusing，disappointing，exciting，frightening等等。Thenewswasastonishing.消息是令人吃驚的。4．單個(gè)的動(dòng)詞－ing形式一般作前置定語，動(dòng)詞－ing短語一般作后置定語。表示用途的是動(dòng)名詞，說明名詞的性質(zhì)、特征。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的是現(xiàn)在分詞。asleepingcar(＝acarforsleeping)asleepingchild(＝achildwhoissleeping)theboystandingthere(＝theboywhoisstandingthere)Doyouknowtheboytalking(＝whoistalking)totheteacher?Lastnight，thereweremillionsofpeoplewatchingtheopeningceremonyliveonTV.昨天晚上，有幾百萬人觀看了開幕式的電視直播。5．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作狀語Hearingthenews，theygotveryexcited.聽到這個(gè)消息，他們很興奮。Likeancientsailors，birdscanfindtheirwayusingthesunandthestars.像古代的船員一樣，鳥類可以利用太陽和星星找到它們的路。6．動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓補(bǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí)，賓語與賓語補(bǔ)足語之間在邏輯上是主謂關(guān)系，結(jié)構(gòu)為vt.＋sb./sth.＋doing...?？梢杂糜诖私Y(jié)構(gòu)的動(dòng)詞(短語)有：“一感一抓一發(fā)現(xiàn)，二聽四讓和五看”(feel，catch，find，listento/hear，have/keep/get/leave，see/watch/lookat/observe/notice)WhenIleftschool，Isawthemplayingbasketballontheplayground.當(dāng)我離開學(xué)校時(shí)，我看到他們?cè)诓賵錾洗蚧@球。Ihearsomeoneknockingatthedoor.我聽到有人在敲門。I’msorrytokeepyouwaitingforalongtime.對(duì)不起，讓你久等了?！菊骖}演練】1．(2022新高考I卷)__________(cover)anareaaboutthreetimesthesizeofYellowstoneNationalPark,theGPNPwillbeoneofthefirstnationalparksinthecountry.2．(2022全國甲卷)Heflew4,700kilometersfromXi’antoKashgaronSept.20,__________(plan)tohikebacktoXi’aninfivemonths.3．(2021年北京卷)From2000to2019,therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,________(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss．4．Theparticipantsfollowedsuit,________(take)morefoodthantheynormallywouldhave.5．Hesaidhebecamejustasnervousasthose________(play)instrumentsonstage.6．Justnowhereceivedacall________(request)personalinformation,buthethoughtitmustbeatrap.7．Thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalk,________(add)thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere.8．Thesesmarthomes_______(keep)ussecureandcomfortablewillbewelcomedbymostfamilies.9．Thenewly-electedpresidentintendstohandleproblems________(arise)fromsocialdiscrimination.10．________(eat)atthecafeteriabefore,Tinadidn’twanttoeatthereagain.11．Shedidanumberofjobs,___________(range)fromcheftoswimminginstructor.12．Time__________(permit),I’llgotherewithyoutomorrowafternoon.13．Mrs.Kernoddedherheadathersonatthewedding,_________(feel)satisfied.14．WithTeachers’Day________（approach）,ourclassdecidedtoholdapartytocelebratetheimportantdaythisyear.15．In2012Iwasfoundtohavedevelopedlungdisease.________(believe)mycareerwasover,Ifeltextremelylow.16．Walkingtowardsthefrontdoorwenoticedagentleman________(stand)atoneside.17．________(see)thosepictures,hecouldn’thelpthinkingofthosedaysinIraq.18．Thecars________(sell)atthemarketnowaremadeinGuangzhou.19．Thesuspensionbridge,________(measure)2,000metersinlength,isthelongestintheworld.20．Ifoundmyself_______(lie)onthegroundwhenIcamebacktolife.21．Thehouse________(build)therenowwillbeashop.22．Hewasn’taskedtotakeonthechairmanshipofthesociety,________(consider)insufficientlypopularwithallmembers.23．Don’tspendtimebeatingonawall,________(hope)tochangeitintoadoor.24．Not________(understand)thelocallanguageandhavingnofriendinthecountry,hefounditimpossibletofindajob.25．Somedriversofe-bikescomeandgoinalldirections,______(ignore)thetrafficlightsandothervehicles.26．Isatbythewindow,________(recall)mysweetchildhood.27．Thisisthefirstfullmoonofthenewyear,________(represent)unityandperfection.28．Isawsomeelderlypeople________(practice)TaiChislowly.Istoppedandwatchedtheirmovementsclosely.29．__________（work）hardatyourlessons,youaretosucceed.30．__________(finish)hishomework,hewasplayingontheplayground.31．____________(face)atoughchallenge,ourvolleyballteamwonagoldmedalintheOlympics.32．Thisordinary-lookingman________(ride)abicyclearoundthestreetsofNewYorkwasBillCunningham.33．Theydiscoveredaplant________(belong)totheendangeredspecies.34．Thefollowingmorning,Ireceivedacall___________(say)thefilmhadbeencancelled.35．Thatnight,thereweremillionsofpeople__________(watch)theopeningceremonyonliveTV.36．___________(know)whichuniversitytoattend,thegirlaskedherteacherforadvice.37．_______(judge)fromthewayhetalks,I’msureheisascholar.38．Hespenttwohours_______(pack)up.39．Whenhewasthree,hisparentsdied,_______(leave)himanorphan.40．AlltheChineseathletes________(compete)atthe2020TokyoOlympicGamesweretreatedasheroeswhentheycameback.41．Thefiresburnedforthreedays,________(destroy)atotalof25,000buildings.42．Afterthecrash,80percentofthepassengersrecoveredfromshock,________(stare)ateachother.43．ThehorseisafrequentthemeinChinesepainting,________(indicate)akindofadvancement.44．Ican’tworkwithallthatnoise_______(go)on.45．Themissingboyw