中考英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)任務(wù)型閱讀解題技巧講解及練習(xí)題(含答案)

中考英語(yǔ)英語(yǔ)任務(wù)型閱讀解題技巧講解及練習(xí)題(含答案)一、英語(yǔ)任務(wù)型閱讀1．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列問題。

Whatcanwedotohelpprotecttheenvironment?Itseemsuselesstojustpickupapieceoftrash（垃圾）,butwhatwillhappenifyoukeepdoingiteveryday?TommyKleyn,anordinarymanfromtheNetherlands,maygiveyoutheanswer.TommyKieynwalkedpastapollutedriveronhiswaytoworkeveryday.Itusedtobeabeautifulview,butthetrashonthebankmadeitdirtyandsmelly.SoTommydecidedtopickupthetrashalongtheriveralittlebitatatimeafterwork."Ittookmeabout30minutestofillonegarbage（垃圾）bagwithtrash,butonegarbagebagdidn'tseemhelpfulinaplaceaspollutedasthis.IdecidedtofillonebagoftrasheachdayasIpassedby,"Tommysaid.Everyday,TommytookpicturesoftheriverandsharedthemonhisFacebookpage.Tohissurprise,injustsixdays,hehadmadegreatprogresswithhiscleanupeffort（努力）.Hefelthappyandkeptdoingit.Gradually,moreandmorepeopleknewaboutTommy'sstory.Otherpeopleinthecommunitybeganfollowinginhisfootstepsandcleaninguptrashontheirwayhome,too."Theideaistoencouragepeopletofillonegarbagebagwithlittereachday.Itonlytakes30minutes,butitreallymakesadifferenceandyouwillbeamazedathowgoodyoufeelafterwards,"hesaid.Peoplefromallovertheworldhavebeenmovedandinspired（激勵(lì)）byTommy'sstory.Noeffortisuselessifwekeepdoingiteveryday.Ordinarypeoplelikeyouandmecanalsomakeadifferencetotheworldweliveinifwetakeactionsrightnow.（1）WhatdidTommyKleynwalkpastonhiswaytoworkeveryday?（2）WhatdidTommydecidetodoafterwork?（3）WheredidTommysharethepicturesoftheriverthathetook?（4）WhobeganfollowinginTommy'sfootstepsandcleaninguptrash?（5）Whatcanyoulearnfromthestory?【答案】（1）He

walkedpastapollutedriveronhiswaytoworkeveryday.（2）Hedecidedtopickupthetrashalongtheriveralittlebitatatimeafterwork.（3）OnhisFacebookpage.（4）Otherpeopleinthecommunity.（5）Noeffortisuselessifwekeepdoingiteveryday./Ordinarypeoplelikeyouandmecanalsomakeadifferencetotheworldweliveinifwetakeactionsrightnow.【解析】【分析】本文主要講了TommyKleyn每天在污染的河流旁邊撿垃圾而影響了很多人的故事。（1）根據(jù)第三行TommyKieynwalkedpastapollutedriveronhiswaytoworkeveryday，可知TommyKieyn每天上班路上會(huì)路過一條被污染的河流，故答案為He

walkedpastapollutedriveronhiswaytoworkeveryday.（2）根據(jù)SoTommydecidedtopickupthetrashalongtheriveralittlebitatatimeafterwork，可知Tommy決定下班之后決定一次撿一點(diǎn)沿河的垃圾，故答案為Hedecidedtopickupthetrashalongtheriveralittlebitatatimeafterwork.（3）根據(jù)Everyday,TommytookpicturesoftheriverandsharedthemonhisFacebookpage，可知Tommy拍照之后分享到他的臉書上，故答案為OnhisFacebookpage.（4）根據(jù)Otherpeopleinthecommunitybeganfollowinginhisfootstepsandcleaninguptrashontheirwayhome,too，可知社區(qū)里的其他人也開始追隨他的腳步，在回家的路上清理垃圾，故答案為Otherpeopleinthecommunity.（5）根據(jù)最后一句Ordinarypeoplelikeyouandmecanalsomakeadifferencetotheworldweliveinifwetakeactionsrightnow，像你我這樣的普通人如果現(xiàn)在就采取行動(dòng)，也能改變我們生活的世界，可知答案要與他的事跡對(duì)環(huán)保事業(yè)有積極影響有關(guān)，故答案為Noeffortisuselessifwekeepdoingiteveryday./Ordinarypeoplelikeyouandmecanalsomakeadifferencetotheworldweliveinifwetakeactionsrightnow.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀，注意讀懂文章，根據(jù)題目去文章定位關(guān)鍵信息。2．閱讀上欄的五段文字，然后在下欄A—G中找出與它們匹配的信息。（有兩個(gè)多余項(xiàng)）________Jimgotuplatethismorning.Hebrushedhisteethandhadaquickbreakfast.Herushedtoschoolwithanumbrellainhisbackpack.________Tomplanedtogotothebeachandenjoythesunshinewithsomeofhisfriends.Hethinkstheywillhaveagoodtimethere.________Joandidn'ttakeanumbrellawithherwhenshewenttoschoolintheafternoon.Soshehadtorunhomeintherain.Badly,shecaughtacold.________ErinhadabadluckwhenhegottoShanghai.Peoplehardlystoodonthestreetandsomelightthingscouldbeblownawayeasily.________JohnwenttoBeijingforbusiness.Hewasveryexcited,becausehesawthatitwaswhitehereandthere.Hecouldn'twaittotakeouthiscamera.A.Itwasbadlycold.Itsnowedyesterday.B.Itwasfullofcloudsintheskythismorning.Maybeitwasgoingtorain.C.Itwaswindy.Manychildrenwereflyingkitesontheplayground.D.Ithadstrongwindoutside.Stayingathomewasbetter.E.Itisalittlehot,buttheweatherisverynice.F.Itsaysthatitisgoingtosnowtomorrow.G.Itrainedalltheafternoon.【答案】B；E；G；D；A【解析】【分析】A.Itwasbadlycold.Itsnowedyesterday.天很冷。昨天下雪了。B.Itwasfullofcloudsintheskythismorning.Maybeitwasgoingtorain.今天早上天空烏云密布?？赡芤掠炅?。C.Itwaswindy.Manychildrenwereflyingkitesontheplayground.有風(fēng)。許多孩子在操場(chǎng)上放風(fēng)箏。D.Ithadstrongwindoutside.Stayingathomewasbetter.外面有大風(fēng)。呆在家里更好。E.Itisalittlehot,buttheweatherisverynice.有點(diǎn)熱，但是天氣很好。F.Itsaysthatitisgoingtosnowtomorrow.它說明天要下雪。G.Itrainedalltheafternoon.整個(gè)下午都在下雨。（1）根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Herushedtoschoolwithanumbrellainhisbackpack.可知，天有可能要下雨，故選B。（2）根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Tomplanedtogotothebeachandenjoythesunshinewithsomeofhisfriends.可知，今天天氣很好，故選E。（3）根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Soshehadtorunhomeintherain.Badly,shecaughtacold.可知，天正在下雨，故選G。（4）根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句Peoplehardlystoodonthestreetandsomelightthingscouldbeblownawayeasily.可知，風(fēng)刮得很大，故選D。（5）根據(jù)文中的語(yǔ)句

Hewasveryexcited,becausehesawthatitwaswhitehereandthere.

可知，下了大雪，故選A。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查信息匹配。熟知各個(gè)選項(xiàng)的基本含義，根據(jù)所給的語(yǔ)境選擇最佳選項(xiàng)。3．閱讀下面短文，并用英語(yǔ)回答問題（請(qǐng)注意每小題后面的詞數(shù)要求）

Whatcanyoudowhensomeonehurtsyou?Mostpeoplemaybeangryorevenfightwiththeonewhohurtshimorher.Butit'snotagoodidea.Thebestwayistoforgivehimorher.Althoughitisnoteasyforustoforgivepeoplewhohurtus,itispossible."Forgivenessmakespeoplehopeful.Anditisgoodforourhealth,"saysFredric,Ph.D.thewriterofthebookcalledForgiveforGod.

Buthowcanweforgiveothers?

First,thinkofsomethingbeautifulandtrytogetyourselfhappy.Second,don'twaitforotherstosaysorrytoyou.Ifsomepeoplehurtyou,theywon'tsaysorrytoyou.Theymayjustwanttohurtyouortheyjustdon'tseethingsthesameway.

Third,trytoseethingsinothers'shoes.Youcanwritealettertoyourselffromtheoffender's（冒犯者）point.Thatcanmakeyouunderstandothersbetterandmakeyourselfhappier.

Atlast,don'tforgettoforgiveyourself.Forsomepeople,forgivingthemselvesisthebiggestchallenge（挑戰(zhàn)）.Anditalsomakesyoumoreconfident.（1）Whensomeonehurtsyou,whatshouldyoudo？（不超過5個(gè)詞）（2）Whatmakespeoplehopeful?（不超過5個(gè)詞）（3）Howmanywaysdoesthewriterofferus?（不超過5個(gè)詞）【答案】（1）Forgivehimorher.（2）Forgiveness.（3）Four.【解析】【分析】大意:本文講述當(dāng)有人傷害了你，最好的方式就是原諒對(duì)方。（1）根據(jù)Thebestwayistoforgivehimorher.可知，當(dāng)有人傷害自己，最好的方式就是原諒他/她，故填Forgivehimorher。（2）根據(jù)Forgivenessmakespeoplehopeful.可知，原諒使人充滿希望，故填Forgiveness。（3）根據(jù)First,Second,

Third,Atlast,可知，作者提供了原諒他人的四種方式，故填Four。

【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀。答題過程中，根據(jù)所提供答語(yǔ)或后文進(jìn)行作答，同時(shí)，做題過程中也可以使用排除法，將選項(xiàng)帶到文章中逐一作答，答完后注意通讀檢查是否符合邏輯，語(yǔ)義順暢。4．根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列各題。

Doyouobeytherulesinyourschool?Howdoyoulikeyourschoolrules?Alotofschoolrulesaresimilararoundtheworld,butsomearedifferent.Everyschoolhastheirownrules.

TherearesomerulesinJapaneseschools.Thestudentsarenotallowedtodye（染）theirhairandshouldkeepthehairJapaneseblackcolour.Theyarenotallowedtowearearrings,either.Almostallschoolsrequiredstudentstowearuniformsinthepastbutnowhalfoftheschoolsrequireuniforms.Thestudentsfeelhappytowearallkindsofclothes.Thestudentsmustn'tbelateforschool.Iftheyarelate,theycan'tgetintotheschoolgatebecausetheschoolgateisclosed.InJapan,studentsarenotallowedtohavepart-timejobsbecausetheymaynotconcentrateontheirstudy.

Americanschoolshavetheirownrules.Forexample,inMortonHighSchool,studentsarenotallowedtochoosetheirownclothes.Theymustgettoschoolandleaveschoolontime.Theymustwearsportsshoesingymclass.Theyshouldkeepquietintheschoolbus.InAmerica,thestudentscanhavepart-timejobsintheirfreetime.（1）WhyarethestudentsnotallowedtohaveparttimejobsinJapan?（不超過8個(gè)詞）（2）WhatmustthestudentsinMortonHighSchoolwearingymclass?（不超過5個(gè)詞）（3）Theremustbesomerulesinyourschool.Giveoneexample,please.（請(qǐng)自擬—句話作答）【答案】（1）Becausetheymaynotconcentrateontheirstudy.（2）Theymustwearsportsshoes.（3）Youmustbequietifyouentertheschoolbuilding.（言之有理即可）【解析】【分析】大意：世界上很多學(xué)校校規(guī)相似，但一些學(xué)校的校規(guī)卻不相同，本文著重介紹日本學(xué)校一些校規(guī)和美國(guó)學(xué)校的一些校規(guī)的不同。（1）根據(jù)InJapan,studentsarenotallowedtohavepart-timejobsbecausetheymaynotconcentrateontheirstudy.可知，日本學(xué)生不允許兼職因?yàn)樗麄兛赡懿荒軐Ｗ⒂谧约旱膶W(xué)習(xí)，故填Becausetheymaynotconcentrateontheirstudy。（2）根據(jù)Theymustwearsportsshoesingymclass.可知，他們體育課必須穿運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋，故填Theymustwearsportsshoes。（3）在我們學(xué)校，學(xué)生要求進(jìn)到教學(xué)樓必須保持安靜，故填Youmustbequietifyouentertheschoolbuilding?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀，注意首先理解問題所問，帶著問題從原文找到答案。5．當(dāng)父母不在家時(shí)你會(huì)自我保護(hù)嗎？請(qǐng)根據(jù)你的經(jīng)驗(yàn)找到與上欄情景相匹配的選項(xiàng)。（1）找到與上欄情景相匹配的選項(xiàng)。ProtectMyselfWhenatHomeAloneSituations（情景）________①WhenIamaloneathome,________②Insteadofsaying"Myparentsareaway"tothestrangers,________③Beforegoingtosleep,________④Iftherearestrangersringingthedoorbell,Solutions（解決方法）A.Ishouldmakeasafetycheckoftheelectricalappliances（器具）.B.Ishouldkeepthedoorlocked.C.Ishouldask"Who'sthat?"withthedoorlocked.D.Ishouldsay"Mum'shavingashower"or"Dad'shavingasleep".（2）請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)再寫出一條自我保護(hù)的句子。【答案】（1）B；D；A；C（2）略【解析】【分析】A.Ishouldmakeasafetycheckoftheelectricalappliances（器具）.我應(yīng)該對(duì)電器做一個(gè)安全檢查。B.Ishouldkeepthedoorlocked.我應(yīng)該鎖住門。C.Ishouldask"Who'sthat?"withthedoorlocked.我應(yīng)該從鎖孔里問“你是誰？”D.Ishouldsay"Mum'shavingashower"or"Dad'shavingasleep".我應(yīng)該說“媽媽在洗澡”或者“爸爸在睡覺”（1）根據(jù)WhenIamaloneathome,可知當(dāng)一個(gè)人在家時(shí)，為了安全起見，應(yīng)該把門鎖好，故答案是B。（2）根據(jù)Insteadofsaying"Myparentsareaway"tothestrangers,可知不要說“爸爸不不在家”，這樣說如果對(duì)方有企圖將會(huì)導(dǎo)致不好的結(jié)果。應(yīng)該說媽媽在洗澡或者爸爸在睡覺，故答案是D。（3）根據(jù)Beforegoingtosleep,可知在睡覺之前應(yīng)該做什么，應(yīng)該對(duì)多有的電器做安全檢查，故答案是A。（4）根據(jù)Iftherearestrangersringingthedoorbell,可知，如果陌生人按門鈴，先通過鎖孔問他是誰，確定對(duì)方身份才能開門，故答案是C。（5）自我保護(hù)的方法有不吃陌生人給的東西，不在危險(xiǎn)的地方玩耍等，句子：Ishouldn'teatfoodwhichgivenbystrangers.或者Ishouldn'tplayindangerousplaces.（答案不唯一，合理即可）【點(diǎn)評(píng)】這是一道四選四的任務(wù)型閱讀，四選四的答案選項(xiàng)較少，并且給出的都是句子，因此，我們可以通過句子的完整性或者句子的標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)來判斷該句在文章中的位置。另外通過閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出更其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全不同意思的句子，這樣的話我們就可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。6．閱讀短文，選擇合適的選項(xiàng)填在橫線上。

________

Friendsareimportantinourlife,becausenoonewantstobelonely.However,somepeoplehaveproblemsinmakingfriendsandtheyoftenfeellonely.________AccordingtoanewstudyfromChicagoUniversity,thereasonisthatthiskindofpeoplehavebrains（腦）differentfromcommonpeople.Andtheyoftenfeelunsafewhenfacingstrangers.Doesthatmeantheyhavenowaytobecomehappyagain?________

Scientistsofthisstudyhavethoughtupwaystohelpthesepeopledealwiththeirloneliness.Theyprovidedfourstepsforgettingoutofloneliness.

________"It'snotenoughforpeoplejusttogetintouchwithothersonline.That'sbecausemostpeopledon'tshowtheirtrueselvesthere,"saidDrCacioppo,oneofthisstudy'sscientists.Anotherstepistogetanactionplan.As"actionsspeaklouderthanwords",peopleneedtobeactivetocommunicatewithothers.Theyalsoneedtomeetpeoplewiththesameinterests.Also,theyshouldtrytoexpectthebestfromeachactivity.________Whoknowswhatgoodthingsarewaitingforus?A.PeoplewhofeellonelyB.Thefirststepistoacceptsocialinvitationsevenifyoudon'twanttogo.C.Afterall,"tomorrowisanotherday".D.What'sthereasonbehindthat?E.Whydon'twelikethem?F.NewwaystodealwithlonelinessG.No,don'tworry.【答案】F；D；G；B；C【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文主要講述了朋友對(duì)我們來說很重要，但是有些人交朋友有困難，他們也很害怕孤獨(dú)。然后文章針對(duì)如何擺脫孤獨(dú)提出了建議。主要包括：接受一些邀請(qǐng)；制定行動(dòng)規(guī)劃；認(rèn)識(shí)一些有相同興趣的人；對(duì)每一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)都抱有最好的期望。A.Peoplewhofeellonely.

那些感覺到孤獨(dú)的人們。B.Thefirststepistoacceptsocialinvitationsevenifyoudon'twanttogo.

第一步是接受社會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)，即使你不想去。C.Afterall,"tomorrowisanotherday".

畢竟，“明天又是新的一天”。D.What'sthereasonbehindthat?

這個(gè)背后的原因是什么？E.Whydon'twelikethem?

為什么我們不喜歡他們？F.Newwaystodealwithloneliness.

對(duì)付孤獨(dú)的新方法。G.No,don'tworry.

不，不要擔(dān)心。（1）根據(jù)空1位于全文的開頭，且獨(dú)立成段，可知這是全文的主旨句。本篇短文主要是針對(duì)如何擺脫孤獨(dú)提出的一些建議，所以用Newwaystodealwithloneliness，處理孤獨(dú)的新的方法，故選F。（2）根據(jù)空2的前句句意：一些人交朋友有困難，而且他們經(jīng)常感到孤獨(dú)。下文又解釋了造成這種現(xiàn)象的原因，因此中間需要用一個(gè)過渡句，所以用What'sthereasonbehindthat?

故選D。（3）根據(jù)空3的前句句意：那意思是他們沒有方法變得開心嗎？后句句意：這項(xiàng)研究得出科學(xué)家們想出了一些幫助這些人對(duì)付孤獨(dú)的方法。可知前后句的意思表示轉(zhuǎn)折，因此空3是對(duì)前面一般問句的否定回答，所以用No,don'tworry.故選G。（4）根據(jù)空4的上文提到擺脫孤獨(dú)的四個(gè)步驟，可知接下來會(huì)分別介紹這四個(gè)步驟是什么，所以空4用Thefirststepistoacceptsocialinvitationsevenifyoudon'twanttogo.

故選B。（5）根據(jù)空5的后句句意：誰知道有什么好事情在等待著我？可以推測(cè)出空5提到了將來，所以用Afterall,"tomorrowisanotherday".故選C。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀，注意首先要理解所給出幾句話的意思，畫出這幾句話中的關(guān)鍵詞，然后有目的的去閱讀文章，注意聯(lián)系上下文，根據(jù)題目要求作答，從而選出正確答案。7．配對(duì)閱讀：閱讀左欄的五段文字，然后在右欄A-G中找出與他們匹配的信息。（有兩個(gè)多余）________Wangweiisabigboy.Hewantstohaveapart-timejobandmakesomemoneyforhisfamily.________Samisacarelessboy.HelefthisJacketoutsidetheclassroomyesterday.________LiuHuaisaschoolgirl.Sheusuallygoesshoppingandbuyssometinythings.________WeiLinglikesreadingverymuch.Sheisgoingtoborrowsomestorybooksthisweekend.________JoblikesplayingBasketballverymuch.Hedoeswellinitandhewantstodomorepractice.A.XinLinglibrary:Youcanborrowandreadallkindsofbookshere.Thereisabigandquietreadingroomforreaders.B.Found:Ajacketwasfound.Thereissomemoneyandsomeotherthingsinitspockets.Pleasecometoteachers'officeandtakeitback.C.Familycooking:Itisapopularandusefulprogram.ItisonFTVat10:00inthemorning.D.Workerwanted:Weneedsomestrongboystoworkinourgardenordohousework.PleasecallMr.Leeat22448838.E.SunnyBasketballClub:DOyoulikeNBA?AreyouafanofYaoMingorYiJianlian?Thenwelcometojoinusandhavefun.F.WWW.English.F:AsiteteachesstudentsEnglishgrammar,readingandwriting.Studentscantakepartinmanyinterestingactivities.G.Andy-Kitty'sSale:Boysandgirlscanbuycoolthingslikesunglasses,sock,hats,bagsandetc.Everythingisataverygoodprice!【答案】D；B；G；A；E【解析】【分析】（1）根據(jù)信息王偉是個(gè)大男孩，他想找一份兼職工作，為家里掙些錢。右欄中D項(xiàng)Weneedsomestrongboystoworkinourgardenordohousework.PleasecallMr.Leeat22448838.我們需要一些強(qiáng)壯的男孩們?cè)谖覀兊幕▓@里工作或者做一些家務(wù)?？芍獌烧呦嗥ヅ?，故選D。（2）根據(jù)信息Sam是個(gè)粗心的男孩。昨天他把夾克落在教室外面了。右欄中B項(xiàng)是失物招領(lǐng)的，Ajacketwasfound.一件夾克被發(fā)現(xiàn)。相匹配，故選B。（3）根據(jù)信息劉華是個(gè)上學(xué)的女孩。她經(jīng)常購(gòu)物買一些小東西。右欄中Andy-Kitty'sSale:Boysandgirlscanbuycoolthingslikesunglasses,sock,hats,bagsandetc.男生女生都能買的酷的東西像太陽(yáng)鏡，襪子，帽子，包等。兩項(xiàng)相匹配，故選G。（4）根據(jù)信息WeiLinglikesreadingverymuch.Sheisgoingtoborrowsomestorybooksthisweekend.可知魏玲非常喜歡讀書。她這周打算借一些故事書?？芍猉inLinglibrary:Youcanborrowandreadallkindsofbookshere.Thereisabigandquietreadingroomforreaders.和圖書館的信息匹配，故選A。（5）根據(jù)信息JoblikesplayingBasketballverymuch.Job非常喜歡打籃球。可知和右欄中SunnyBasketballClub陽(yáng)光籃球俱樂部信息匹配，故選E?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀。根據(jù)左右欄的信息找出相匹配的選項(xiàng)，選出正確答案。8．下面文章中有五處需要添加小標(biāo)題.請(qǐng)從以下選項(xiàng)A、B、C、D、E和F中選出符合各段意思的小標(biāo)題。選項(xiàng)中有一項(xiàng)是多余的。A.Thinkaboutwhattodotomorrow.B.Reviewtheday.C.Imagineaquietplace.D.Exerciseeveryday.E.Stopdoingotherthings.F.Chooseproperfood.

Ifyouhavedifficultysleepingatnight,it'stimeforyoutotakeitseriously.AccordingtoMedicineNet,badsleepingcanleadtoplentyofproblemssuchaspoorconcentrationandmoodchanges.Luckily,therearesometipsthatcanhelpyoufallasleepquicklyadmayalsoimprovethequality（質(zhì)量）ofyoursleep.

①________Dailyexercisewillreduceyourstressandhelpyoufallintoadeepsleep.Considerdoingexercisesuchaswalking,swimmingorbicyclingbetween5:00pmto7:00pm,asyourbodyisatitsfinestphysicalcondition.Thenyoucangetagoodqualityofsleepatnight.

②________Eatfoodthatishelpfultoyoursleep.Takehealthyfoodinyourfoodlist,suchasmilk,cheese,bananas,eggsandhoney.Havealightdinneranddon'teathigh-fatfoods,asthesefoodstakelongertodigest（消化）.Keepawayfromchocolateandhigh-sugarfoodsbeforebedtime.Drinkplentyofwaterallthroughtheday.Butremembertostopdoingsoby8:00pm,oryoupreventyourselffromenjoyingagoodsleepbyvisitingthebathroomfromtimetotime.

③________Prepareyourselfforsleepandavoid

eating,watchingTVordoinghomeworkinyourbed.Yourbodywilllearnthatwhenyouareonyourbed,it'stimetofallasleep.Doingotherthingsonyourbedwillmakeithardertofallasleepwhenyoufinishthemall.

④________Ifyoucan'tfallasleepforhoursinbed,thentrytoreviewwhatyoudidduringtheday.Trytocatchasmuchdetail（細(xì)節(jié)）aspossible.Butdon'tthinktoomuchaboutanythingthatyouworriedabout,sincethatcanmakefallingasleepmoredifficult.Ifyoufinishreviewingtheday,butstillcan'tfallasleep,thengobacktoyesterdayandeventhedaybeforeyesterday.Reviewingthedaycanmakeyoucalm.

⑤________Ifyouarehavingtroubleclearingyourmind,thinkofarelaxingandpeacefulscene.Forexample,imaginethatyou'relyingonthebeachunderthewarmandpleasantsunshine,watchingthewaves（海浪）breakingontherocksagainandagain.Anditwouldbebetterifyoucandodeepbreathingexerciseswhileyoudothis.【答案】D；F；E；B；C【解析】【分析】短文大意：這篇短文給睡覺困難的人提出了一些建議。選項(xiàng)句意：A.Thinkaboutwhattodotomorrow.想一想明天做什么？B.Reviewtheday.溫習(xí)白天。C.Imagineaquietplace.想象一個(gè)安靜的地方。D.Exerciseeveryday.每天鍛煉。E.Stopdoingotherthings.停止做其它事情。F.Chooseproperfood.選擇正確的食物。（1）根據(jù)這段主題句“日常鍛煉能幫助你減少壓力，并且使你很快進(jìn)入熟睡狀態(tài)?！惫蔬xD。（2）根據(jù)這段主題句“吃有助于睡眠的食物?！惫蔬xF。（3）根據(jù)這段主題句“為你自己的睡覺做準(zhǔn)備，避免在床上吃東西、看電視或做作業(yè)?！惫蔬xE。（4）根據(jù)這段主題句“如果你在床上幾個(gè)小時(shí)還不能入睡，那么盡力去溫習(xí)你白天所學(xué)的東西?！惫蔬xB。（5）根據(jù)這段主題句“如果你在清理思緒上有困難，想一個(gè)令人放松的、平和的場(chǎng)景?！惫蔬xC?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查任務(wù)型閱讀理解。我們先閱讀短文了解短文大意。然后分析每個(gè)段落的主題是什么，再閱讀選項(xiàng)弄清每個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思，最后確定答案是什么。9．閱讀下面短文，把A-D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的文字重新排序，使全文意思通順連貫，然后完成問題。（1）把A-D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的文字重新排序，使全文意思通順連貫

UsingbusesinJapancanbedifficultforforeigntouristsbecausethereareusuallyfewEnglishsigns,andtherearedifferentsystemsofticketingindifferentcompanies.Belowisadescriptionofthemostcommonsystem:

Enterthebusthroughthebackdoor（orfrontdoor）ifthereisonlyonedoor.A.Whenyourstopisnearing,pressoneofthebuttons（按鈕）onthewalltotellthedriverthatyouwishtogetoffatthenextstop.B.Ascreenabovethedrivershowsthenextstopandthemoneyforthatstop.Todecidehowmuchyoushouldpay,matchthenumberonyourticketwiththenumberandmoneyonthescreen.C.Whengettingoff,putyourticketandtheexactmoneyintotheboxnexttothedriver.Ifyoudonothavetheexactmoney,usethechangingmachinetogetsmallcoins.D.Whenentering,pickupaticketfromasmallmachine.Anumberisprintedontheticket,whichyouwilllaterusetodecidethemoneyyouneedtopay.①________

②________

③________

④________

（2）WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutJapanisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.

TherearefewEnglishsignsforforeigners.B.

Youneedtobuytheticketbeforeyougetonabus.C.

ThebusesinJapanarequitecomfortable.D.

TheJapanesepeoplehardlyusecoins.【答案】（1）D；B；A；C（2）A【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介紹了如何在日本坐公交車。（1）排序題。根據(jù)D選項(xiàng)Whenentering,pickupaticketfromasmallmachine.當(dāng)上車的時(shí)候，在一個(gè)小機(jī)器里取一張票,，可知上車應(yīng)該是第一步；根據(jù)B選項(xiàng)Todecidehowmuchyoushouldpay,matchthenumberonyourticketwiththenumberandmoneyonthescreen.可知，上車之后要先知道自己應(yīng)該付的費(fèi)用，B為第二步；根據(jù)A選項(xiàng)Whenyourstopisnearing,pressoneofthebuttons（按鈕）onthewalltotellthedriverthatyouwishtogetoffatthenextstop.可知，在公交到站之前，要先按按鈕通知司機(jī)，A為第三步；根據(jù)C選項(xiàng)Whengettingoff,putyourticketandtheexactmoneyintotheboxnexttothedriver.可知，下車時(shí)把票和錢放進(jìn)司機(jī)身邊的箱子里，C為最后一步。故答案為D；B；A；C。（2）推理判斷題。根據(jù)Whenentering,pickupaticketfromasmallmachine.可知，在上車前要先買票。故選B。【點(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀，關(guān)鍵在看懂文章，然后根據(jù)題目要求作答，注意盡量用文章的語(yǔ)言填寫答案。在文章中找不到答案時(shí)，要完全理解句子，根據(jù)同義詞，句型轉(zhuǎn)換的方式找到可以替換文章中的單詞，短語(yǔ)或者句子的詞。10．閱讀下面的短文,根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入文中空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),有一項(xiàng)多余。A.Shareyourinformation.B.Whatdoyouthinkofhavingapenpal?C.Andthiswillbehelpfultostartyourfriendship.D.Luckily,herearesomewaystogettoknowapenpal.E.Writequestionsforyourpenpaltoanswerinhisnexte-mail.F.Youdon'thavetotakeallhisadvice,butitwillgiveyousomethingabouthisopinions.

Havingapenpalisfunandcanbeagreatwaytoimproveyourwritingskills.Butmostpeoplehavetroubleknowingwhattowritetotheirpenpals.________

________Breaktheicebytellingyourpenpalalittleaboutyourself.Startwithyourname,ageandjob.Writeaboutwhatyouliketodoorwhat'sonyourmindthatday.Whatyoupassonwillencourageyourpenpaltotellyousomethingaboutthis.________

Askquestions.________Thiswillhelpyougettoknowhimandprobablygetyouafasteranswer.Makeyourquestionsintothee-mailbytellinghimsomethingyouliketodoandthenaskingifhe'severtriedit.

Askforadvice.Youmayhavesomedifficultiesinyourlifeandwanttoaskforadvice.Yourpenpalmaytellyouwhattodo.________Also,discussingreal-worldquestionswillpromote（促進(jìn)）yourfriendship.【答案】D；A；C；E；F【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文主要給我們提出了交筆友的一些方法。A.Shareyourinformation.分享你的信息。B.Whatdoyouthinkofhavingapenpal?你認(rèn)為有一個(gè)筆友怎么樣？C.Andthiswillbehelpfultostartyourfriendship.這將有助于開始你們的友誼。D.Luckily,herearesomewaystogettoknowapenpal.幸運(yùn)的是，這里有一些了解筆友的方法。E.Writequestionsforyourpenpaltoanswerinhisnexte-mail.為你的筆友寫一些問題為了在下一封電子郵件中回答問題。F.Youdon'thavetotakeallhisadvice,butitwillgiveyousomethingabouthisopinions.你不必聽他的建議，但這能反映出他的一些看法。（1）根據(jù)上一句Butmostpeoplehavetroubleknowingwhattowritetotheirpenpals.但是大多數(shù)人都不知道該給他們的筆友寫些什么?？芍乱痪鋺?yīng)該是幸運(yùn)的是，這里有一些了解筆友的方法。Luckily,herearesomewaystogettoknowapenpal.故選D。（2）根據(jù)下文意思：告訴你筆友關(guān)于你自己的一些信息，如你的姓名、年齡和工作。可知上一句應(yīng)該是分享你的信息，故選A。（3）根據(jù)上文意思：你傳遞的信息會(huì)鼓勵(lì)你的筆友告訴你關(guān)于這方面的事情。可知下一句應(yīng)該是這將有助于開始你們的友誼。故選C。（4）根據(jù)上文意思：?jiǎn)栆恍﹩栴}?？芍乱痪鋺?yīng)該是為你的筆友寫一些問題為了在下一封電子郵件中回答問題。故選E。（5）根據(jù)上文意思：你的筆友可能會(huì)告訴你怎么做。可知下一句應(yīng)該是你不必聽他的建議，但這能反映出他的一些看法。故選F?！军c(diǎn)評(píng)】考查任務(wù)型閱讀的信息匹配。認(rèn)真閱讀各段內(nèi)容和各個(gè)選項(xiàng)，使上下文內(nèi)容與各個(gè)選項(xiàng)相匹配。

11．任務(wù)型閱讀，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列問題。

PeopleallovertheworldcelebratetheNewYear.However,notallcountriescelebrateinthesameway,andinsomecountries,theNewYeardoesn'tbeginonthesamedateeveryyear.Itcandependontheseasons,themoonorthesun.

Inmanycountries,theNewYearbeginson1stJanuary,butpeoplestartcelebratingon31stDecember,NewYear'sEve.InNewYorkmanypeoplegotocelebrateinTimeSquare.Whilethey'rewaitingfortheNewYear,theylistentomusic,singtraditionalsongsandhavefun.Justbefore12o'clock,everyonecountsdownfrom10:10,9,8…Assoonasit's12o'clock,everyoneshoutsveryloudly,"HappyNewYear!"andtheysay,"Outwiththeoldyearandinwiththenew!"Suddenlytherearefireworksandspecialdrinks.SometimespeoplesinganoldsongcalledAuldLangSyne.NewYear'sDayisoftenafamilyday.Somepeoplerelaxathome.Somefamiliesgettogetherforaspecialmealwithgrandparents,aunts,unclesandcousins.Whentheweatherisfine,manyfamiliesgooutforawalk.

OnNewYear'sDay,manypeoplemakeresolutionsfortheNewYear.Theywritedownalistofthings,suchas"Iwillhelpoutmoreathome.Iwillworkharderatschool."or"Iwon'tspendsomuchtimeplayingvideogames."Whentheyhavemadetheirlist,theyreadittotheirfamilyorfriendsandpromisetofollowtheirresolutions.（1）What'sthemainideaofParagraph2?（2）WheredomanypeopleinNewYorkspendtheNewYear'sEve?（3）Whatdopeopledojustbefore12o'clockonNewYear'sEveinNewYork?（4）WhydoesthewritersayNewYear'sDayisafamilyday?（5）WhydopeoplereadtheirlistofresolutionstotheirfamilyorfriendsonNewYear'sDay?【答案】（1）ThewaypeopleinNewYorkcelebratetheNewyear.（2）InTimesSquare.（3）Theycountdownfrom10:10,9,8…（4）Becausesomepeoplerelaxathomeandsomefamiliesgettogetherontheday.（5）Becausetheypromisetocarryouttheplans.【解析】【分析】短文大意：短文描述了世界各地人們過新年的情景。雖然慶祝的時(shí)間不定相同、方式各異，但它是家庭團(tuán)圓的節(jié)日，是辭舊迎新之時(shí)，也是為新的一年做計(jì)劃的時(shí)候。（1）主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段的內(nèi)容可知這段內(nèi)容講的是紐約人是如何慶祝新年的。故答案為：ThewaypeopleinNewYorkcelebratetheNewyear.（2）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)InNewYorkmanypeoplegotocelebrateinTimeSquare.可知人們?cè)跁r(shí)代廣場(chǎng)慶祝新年。故答案為：InTimeSquare.（3）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Justbefore12o'clock,everyonecountsdownfrom10:10,9,8…，可知人們?cè)诘褂?jì)時(shí)。故答案為：Theycountdownfrom10:10,9,8…（4）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)NewYear'sDayisoftenafamilyday.Somepeoplerelaxathome.Somefamiliesgettogetherforaspecialmealwithgrandparents,aunts,unclesandcousins.Whentheweatherisfine,manyfamiliesgooutforawalk.可知在新年這天，家人們能一起呆在家中或一起外出活動(dòng)。故答案為：Becausesomepeoplerelaxathomeandsomefamiliesgettogetherontheday.（5）細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Whentheyhavemadetheirlist,theyreadittotheirfamilyorfriendsandpromisetofollowtheirresolutions.可知他們讀的目的是為了許諾實(shí)現(xiàn)計(jì)劃。故答案為：Becausetheypromisetocarryouttheplans.【點(diǎn)評(píng)】此題考查任務(wù)性閱讀理解。認(rèn)真身體，讀懂題意?？焖匍喿x短文，掌握大意。在做題時(shí)要快速掃視一下文章的大意，然后結(jié)合前面的題目的要求，大致明白所要完成的任務(wù)。細(xì)讀題目，完成任務(wù)。在短文中找出和問題相關(guān)的有效信息，確保答題的準(zhǔn)確性。12．任務(wù)型閱讀。根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從方框中選出五個(gè)句子填入文中空缺處,使短文內(nèi)容完整正確。

Englishhomeworkmaybeboringformanystudents.________

OurEnglishteacher,Mrs.Lin,askedustowriteanEnglishlettertoourselvesinthefuture.Mrs.LinsaidshegottheideafromSteveJobs'timecapsule（時(shí)光膠囊）.In1983,Jobsburiedhistimecapsule.________Thatwas30yearslater.Sowhatwillyouwriteabouttoyourfutureself?Everyonewassurprisedandwhispered（竊竊私語(yǔ)）aboutit.

"________

Andwriteabouthowyouwillmakeyourdreamcometrue.Thenyoucanburytheletterandwaitfor20yearstoopenitagain,"Mrs.Lintoldus.

Itwasreallyinteresting!________

Somewouldliketosingsongsandbecomestars.Inmyletter,Iwrote"Ihopetobeadoctor."Iwanttocure（治愈）peopleandIwon'taskformuchmoney,justlikemydad.

________

ForexampleIwouldreadmorebooksandlearntwoforeignlanguagesinmytwenties.

Canwerealizeourdreams?Let'swaitandsee!A.Somestudentswantedtobepolicemen.B.Ofcourse,IwroteaboutsomeactionIwouldtakeinthecomingyears.C.AndthecapsulewasopenedinSeptember,2013.D.ButlastFriday,studentsinourclasshadinterestingandspecialhomework.E.Youcansetastandard（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）oflifeyouarewillingtoliveby.F.I'llwritesomemorebooksnextyear.【答案】D；C；E；A；B【解析】分析】文章大意：這篇文章講述了一堂有趣的英語(yǔ)課。老師讓學(xué)生們寫下自己的夢(mèng)想，將它埋起來，20年后再打開它。同學(xué)們都覺得很有趣，紛紛寫下自己的夢(mèng)想。A.Somestudentswantedtobepolicemen.一些學(xué)生想成為警察。B.Ofcourse,IwroteaboutsomeactionIwouldtakeinthecomingyears.當(dāng)然，我寫了在未來幾年我要做的某種事。C.AndthecapsulewasopenedinSeptember,2013.膠囊是在2013年9月打開的。D.ButlastFriday,