山東省菏澤市中考英語總復習-語法十一-動詞的時態(tài)講義

菏澤語法十一動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài)考點1

動詞的時態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時表示經常性、習慣性的動作或表示客觀真理。常與often,usually,always等時間狀語連用。Sheoftenworksonweekends.她經常在周末工作。Therearefourseasonsinayear.一年有四季。(2)一般過去時表示過去發(fā)生的動作。be動詞的一般過去時為was,were；實義動詞的一般過去時為動詞的過去式。常與justnow,yesterday,lastweek,ago等表示過去的時間狀語連用。Whodidyouseeatthemeetingyesterday？你在昨天的會議上看見了誰？★必背句式①一般過去時＋一段時間＋ago②Itis＋一段時間＋since＋一般過去時③過去進行時＋when＋一般過去時④過去完成時＋when＋一般過去時(3)一般將來時由“shall/will＋動詞原形”構成，shall用于第一人稱，will用于各種人稱；此外還有“begoingto＋動詞原形”的形式。常與tomorrow,nextweek等表示將來的時間狀語連用。HewillvisitScotlandnextweek.他下周要去蘇格蘭旅游。Iamgoingtostayforaweek.我打算待一個星期。Lookatthedarkclouds.Itisgoingtorain.看那烏云。要下雨了?！颾egoingtodo表示將來時指事先經過考慮的打算或有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事。begoingtodo表示將來begoingtodo表示將來有兩種情況：一種是事先經過考慮的打算；另一種是有跡象表明要發(fā)生某事?？忌洺Ｔ谶@兩種情況上觸雷。(4)現(xiàn)在進行時由“am/is/are＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構成，表示現(xiàn)在正在發(fā)生的事情或近期一直在做的事情。句中常有now,Look!Listen！等標志詞。Look!Abirdisflyinginthesky.看！一只鳥在天上飛。Sheisteachingatanightschoolnow.目前她在一所夜校教學。(5)過去進行時由“was/were＋現(xiàn)在分詞”構成，表示過去某一時間正在發(fā)生的事情或過去某段時間一直在做的事情。常與thistimeyesterday,“when＋過去動作”等時間狀語連用。ShewaswatchingTVatthistimeyesterday.昨天這個時候她正在看電視。Theywerewaitingforyoulastnight.昨晚他們一直在等你。(6)現(xiàn)在完成時由“have/has＋過去分詞”構成，表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或過去的動作對現(xiàn)在有影響。標志詞有since,for,already,yet,sofar等。IhavelivedinBeijingsince10yearsago.自從10年前我就一直在北京居住。

Theyhavelostthematch.他們已經輸了比賽?！锂斁渲杏小癏owlong...？/since.../for...”等時間狀語時，句中動詞要用延續(xù)性動詞。非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉換如下：buy→have

borrow→keep

leave→beawaydie→bedeadbecome→becometo→beinbegin→beonstop→beoveropen/close→beopen/closedleave＋地點→beawayfrom＋地點join→bein/amemberof非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞的轉換上面這些常見的非延續(xù)性動詞與延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉換是考生經常觸雷的地方。1．(2017·貴港中考)—WherewereBillandDavidwhentheteachercamein?—They__inthehallway.

A．aretalkingB．havetalkedC．weretalkingD．talkC2．(2017·泰安中考)Withthedevelopmentofscienceandtechnology,robotcooks__inourfamiliesinthefuture.A．appearB．appearedC．willappearD．isappearingC3．(2017·萊蕪中考)—Ididn'tseeyourfatheryesterdaywhenIwenttoyourhouse.—Oh,he__strawberriesonthefarm.A．picksB．pickedC．waspickingD．haspickedC4．(2017·煙臺中考)—Lookatmynewsmartphone.—Wow,it'ssocool!Whenandwhere__you__it?A．do;buyB．have;boughtC．did;buyD．have;hadC5．(2017·安徽中考)Iamsurprisedatthenewlookofmyhometown,forit__alotovertheyears.A．changedB．changesC．willchangeD．haschangedD6．(2017·北京中考)—Howdoyouusuallygotoschool?—I__toschoolonfoot.A．goB．wentC．wasgoingD．willgoA7．(2017·北京中考)Mymother__somewashingwhenthetelephonerang.A．doesB．didC．isdoingD．wasdoingD8．(2017·福建中考)—DoyouknowtheColorRun,afive-kilometerrace?—Yes.Sofarit__intoquiteafewcitiesinourcountry.A．comesB．cameC．hascomeC9．(2017·鄂州中考)—ThetownofHuarong__alotinthepastfiveyears.—That'strue.It'sbecomingmoreandmorebeautiful.A．changedB．haschangedC．hadchangedD．ischangingB10．(2017·無錫中考)Theypromisedthatthey__melookformykeyuntilitwasfound.Buttheysoonwalkedaway.A．willhelpB．havehelpedC．wouldhelpD．hadhelpedC考點2

被動語態(tài)(1)一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)(am/is/aredone)ThismachineismadeinChina.這臺機器是中國制造的。(2)一般過去時的被動語態(tài)(was/weredone)Thewindowsinourclassroomwerebrokenyesterday.昨天我們教室的窗戶被打碎了。(3)一般將來時的被動語態(tài)(will/shallbedone)Ithinkthedeskswillberepairedsoon.我想這些課桌很快要修好了。(4)含情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)(can/may/must/shouldbedone)Wherecanthelostbookbefound？這本丟失的書能在哪里找到？Whomightbeelectedmonitorinourclass？我們班誰可能被選為班長？11．(2017·臨沂中考)Theyhavecollectedmorethan14，000bookssincethelibrary__lastmonth.A．builtB．wasbuiltC．buildsD．isbuiltB12．(2017·泰安中考)AsChinagrowsstrongerandstronger,Chinese__inmoreandmoreschoolsoutofourcountry.A．teachesB．istaughtC．hastaughtD．wastaughtB13．(2017·萊蕪中考)MoreschoolsinLaiwu__toprovidechildrenwithbettereducationinafewyears.A．builtB．arebuiltC．werebuiltD．willbebuiltD14．(2017·青島中考)Teenagershavetobe18yearsoldbeforethey__todriveacar.A．areallowedB．allowedC．willbeallowedD．allowA15．(2017·北京中考)Themobilephone__in1973.A．inventsB．isinventedC．inventedD．wasinventedD16．(2017·福建中考)ElevenChinesefilms__duringthe7thChineseFilmFestivalinFrancelastmonth.A．showedB．areshownC．wereshownC17．(2017·黃石中考)Theoldbuilding__downtomakeroomforthecitylibraryayearago.A．wastakingB．istakenC．wastakenD．wouldtakeC18．(2017·咸寧中考)—WhatdoyouthinkofthelatestTVplayIn

the

Name

of

People?—It'sverypopular.Millionsoffamilies__byitduringthattime.A．attracted B．areattractedC．wereattracted D．wereattractingC19．(2017·上海中考)Themuseum__nextmonthtocelebratetheScience&TechnologyFestival.A．isdecoratedB．willdecorateC．isdecoratingD．willbedecoratedD20．(2017·重慶中考)It'sreportedthatKe

Jie__byAlphaGoinMay,2017.A．beatB．beatsC．wa