全國用高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí)與增分策略專題一閱讀理解第三節(jié)題組練習(xí)6社會(huì)文化講義

題組6社會(huì)文化專題一閱讀理解第三節(jié)題組訓(xùn)練A(2017·第三次全國大聯(lián)考)AskanyAmericanwhathe/sheisdoingonSunday，F(xiàn)ebruary7andtheanswerislikelytobeeitherhostingorattendingaSuperBowlParty.PlayedforthetitleoftheNationalFootballLeagueChampion，SuperBowlisthemostwatchedannualtelevisionprogramintheUnitedStates.That’sbecauseSuperBowlwhichiscelebratingitsGoldenAnniversarythisyear，ismorethanjusta60-minutefootballgame—itisawell-designedproductionthatfeatureshalf-timeperformances，fireworksshowsandtelevisionadsthatpeoplediscussfordays.Butmostimportantofall，itisthedaytosetasidealldietsandenjoyfoodsonewouldnormallyavoidoratleastnotconsumeatthesametime.Itshould，therefore，comeasnosurprisethatSuperBowlSundayisoneofthebiggestfoodconsumptiondaysintheUS—secondonlytoThanksgiving.Thenoshingwillstartearlyintheday，longbeforematchesbeginandcontinuelongafterthe2016NFLChampionshaveretiredtocelebrate.Asaresult，itisestimatedthatonSunday，thenationwillconsume1.2millionpoundsofpotatochips，8.2millionpoundsoftortillachips,3.8millionpoundsofpopcornand3millionpoundsofnuts.Whentherealhungerpainsstarttohit，theywillseekoutcomfortfoods.Notsurprisingly，pizzatopsthelist.Chickenwingsarealsoverypopular.Itisestimatedthatalmost1.3billionwingswillbeconsumedonSuperBowlSunday.Otherfavoritesincludebacon，hotdogsandburgers.Butthefoodconsumptionisnotwithoutconsequences.Datareleasedindicatesthatantacid(解酸藥)salesincreaseby20%ontheMondayfollowingthebiggame.Additionally，oversevenmillionAmericanscallinsick.ItisnowonderthatfanshavebeenurgingthegovernmenttodeclareSuperBowlMondayaholiday.語篇解讀語篇解讀一年一度的美國超級(jí)橄欖球杯大賽不僅是全美收視率最高的電視節(jié)目，而且超級(jí)碗星期天也是美國單日食品消費(fèi)量最高的節(jié)日之一，食品消費(fèi)量僅次于感恩節(jié)。1.WhydoesSuperBowlbecomethemostpopulartelevisionprogram?A.Itisthelongestfootballgame.B.Itishostedbyfamousfilmstars.C.Itcontainsthemostwonderfulads.D.Itinvolvesvariousperformances.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的“itisawell-designedproductionthatfeatureshalf-timeperformances，fireworksshowsandtelevisionadsthatpeoplediscussfordays”可知選D?！檀鸢附馕?3142.Whichcanreplacetheunderlinedword“noshing”inParagraph4?A.Playing. B.Eating.C.Competing. D.Resting.解析詞義猜測題。前后段均介紹在超級(jí)橄欖球杯大賽期間食品的消費(fèi)情況，由此判斷選B?！檀鸢附馕?3143.Whichcomfortfoodisconsumedthemost?A.Hotdogs. B.Pizza.C.Nuts. D.Chickenwings.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段前兩句“Whentherealhungerpainsstarttohit，theywillseekoutcomfortfoods.Notsurprisingly，pizzatopsthelist.”可知選B?！檀鸢附馕?3144.WhatbadresultmightSuperBowlSundayleadto?A.Lotsoffoodiswasted.B.Publicdisorderiscaused.C.Somepeoplehaveanupsetstomach.D.Manypeoplelosetheirwork.解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)末段中“Datareleasedindicatesthatantacid(解酸藥)salesincreaseby20%ontheMondayfollowingthebiggame.Additionally，oversevenmillionAmericanscallinsick.”可知人們會(huì)因?yàn)楹翢o顧忌地大吃大喝而生病。故選C?！檀鸢附馕?314B(2017·福建師大附中期中)Thewalletisheadingforextinction.Asaday-to-dayessential，itwilldieoffwiththegenerationwhoreadprintnewspapers.Thekindofshopping，whereyouhandovernotesandcountoutchangeinreturn，nowhappensonlyinthemostminorofourretailers(零售商)，likebuyingabarofchocolateorapintofmilkfromacornershop.Attheshopswhereyouspendanyrealmoney，thatmoneyisincreasinglyabstracted.Andthisismoreandmoretrue,thehigherupthescaleyougo.Atthemostcutting-edge(前沿的)retailstores，VictoriaBeckhamonDoverStreet，forinstance，youdon’tgoandstandatanykindofcashregisterwhenyoudecidetopay.ThestaffareequippedwithiPadstotakeyourpaymentwhileyourelaxonasofa.Acrosssociety，theabstractionoftheideaofcashmakesmeuneasy.MaybeI’mjustold-fashioned.Butearningmoneyisn’tquickoreasyformostofus.Isn’titabitweird(怪異)thatspendingitshouldhappeninhalfablink(眨眼)ofaneye？Doesn’tawallet—thattime-honoredFriday-nightfeelingofpleasing，promisingfatness—representsomethingthatmatters?ButI’llleavetheeconomicstotheexperts.Whatbothersmeaboutthedeathofthewalletisthechangeitrepresentsinourphysicalenvironment.Everythingaboutthelookandfeelofawallet，thewaythematerialswearandtearandloosenwithage，theplasticandpaperandgoldandsilver，andhandwrittenphonenumbersandprintedcinematickets，istheveryoppositeofwhatourworldisbecoming.TheoppositeofawalletisasmartphoneoraniPad.Theroundededges，coolglass，smoothandunknowableasapebble(鵝卵石).Insteadofdiggingthroughpiecesofpaper，wemoveourfingersleftandright.Nomorecountingoutcoins.Showyourwallet,ifyoustillhaveone.Itmaynotbeheremuchlonger.語篇解讀語篇解讀文章敘述了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)，人們的支付方式逐步電子化，傳統(tǒng)的錢包正走向消失。作者對于這種現(xiàn)象所代表的社會(huì)發(fā)展趨勢感到不安。5.Whatishappeningtothewallet?A.Itisdisappearing.B.Itisbecomingcostly.C.Itisbeingfattened.D.Itischanginginstyle.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章首句“Thewalletisheadingforextinction.”可知，錢包正在消失。故選A?！檀鸢附馕?756.Whatmakestheauthorfeeluncomfortablenowadays?A.Savingmoneyisbecomingathingofthepast.B.ThepleasingFriday-nightfeelingisfading.C.Spendingmoneyissofastandeasy.D.Earningmoneyisgettingmoredifficult.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段前四句可知，金錢概念的抽象化使作者不安，掙錢不容易但在瞬間就會(huì)花掉很多錢。故選C?！檀鸢附馕?757.Whatcanweinferfromthepassageabouttheauthor?A.Heisresistanttosocialchanges.B.Heisagainsttechnologicalprogress.C.Hewantstosaygoodbyetothetraditionalwallet.D.Hefeelsinsecureintheever-changingmodernworld.解析推理判斷題。本文主要敘述了傳統(tǒng)的錢包在消失，人們的支付方式在發(fā)生巨大的變化，作者對于不斷改變的社會(huì)感到不安。故選D項(xiàng)?！檀鸢附馕?75C(2017·貴州遵義航天高級(jí)中學(xué)五模)EveryyearinAmerica，high-schoolstudentswhowanttogotocollegetakeanationalexaminationcalledtheScholasticAptitudeTest，orSATinashortenedway.Theirscoreisanimportantfactorindeterminingwhichcollegeswilladmitthemorwhetheranywillbeadmittedatall.TheScholasticAptitudeTestmeasuresone’smathematicalabilityanduseoftheEnglishlanguage.Traditionally，theEnglishpartinvolvedgrammaticalquestionsandparagraphsthattestreadingcomprehension.ButtheSATfolkshaveaddedasinglequestion，tobeansweredinanessay，hand-writtenonthespot.That’saninterestingwaytotestwritingability，butcontentaside，haveyoueverseenyoungpeople’shandwritinglately？Oranyone’sforthatmatter，inthisageofcomputerkeyboards？Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.They

scribbleclassnotesinwhatcangenerouslybedescribedasthewrittenword.Yettoday’skidsareaskedtowrite，thoughtfullyandclearly，forseveralminutesonthisSATTest.Goodlucktothetextscorerswhomustworkoutdifficultlythescrawl(潦草的字跡)ofyoungpeoplewho’vebeentypingoncomputerssincetheageofthree！Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone’sscoreontheSAT，butalso，lateroninlife，impresspotentialemployers.Anddon’tforget，weallhavetoturntohandwritingfromtimetotime，ascomputersgodownwhenpowergoesout.Thenhowtoimprovethehandwriting？Well，withafewsimplestepsyoucanimproveyourhandwriting.Positionthepen.Youshouldholdthepenbetweentheforefingerandthethumb，thenrestitnearthefirstknuckle(指節(jié))ofthemiddlefinger.Therestofyourfingersshouldbecurled(卷曲)underyourhandandyourhandshouldremainrelaxed.Evaluateyourwriting.Makechangestoyourletterstillyoulikehowtheylook.Takeyourtime.Speedisboundtomakeyourwritingmessy-looking.Practice.Practiceitalot;it’snotenoughtodoitonceandhopeforthebest.Ithastobesomethingyouworkattomakegreatimprovements.語篇解讀文章由SAT考試增加書面表達(dá)，引入話題——當(dāng)前學(xué)生不注重書寫。此項(xiàng)改革旨在讓學(xué)生改掉書寫潦草的壞習(xí)慣。語篇解讀8.Theunderlinedword“scribble”inParagraph2probablymeans“

”.A.writequicklyandroughlyB.typesimplyandcorrectlyC.paintclearlyandneatlyD.describeproperlyandwell解析詞義猜測題。由“...haveyoueverseenyoungpeople’shandwritinglately？Oranyone’sforthatmatter，inthisageofcomputerkeyboards？Studentswritenumbersandsigntheirnamesonbankchecks.”可推知學(xué)生在課堂上記筆記非常潦草。故選A?！檀鸢附馕?108119.AccordingtoParagraph3，studentswithgoodhandwritingskill

.A.canpasstheSATB.candevelopgoodcharactersC.canimpresstheirclassmatesD.cangetmorejobopportunities解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由該段第三句“Teachersinsistthatgoodhandwritingcannotonlyhelpone’sscoreontheSAT，butalso，lateroninlife，impresspotentialemployers.”可知選D?！檀鸢附馕?1081110.Whichofthefollowingshouldyouavoidwhenimprovingyourhandwriting?A.Practicingwritingalot.B.Writingasfastasyoucan.C.Relaxingyourhandwhenholdingthepen.D.Changingyourletterstillyoulikehowtheylook.解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后四段的內(nèi)容可知B項(xiàng)是書寫時(shí)應(yīng)該避免的。故選B?！檀鸢附馕?1081111.Thetextistopresentthefactthat

.A.writingseemstobeveryimportantintheSATB.thosewhowillgotocollegehavetotaketheSATC.studentsshouldpracticehandwritingmoreoftenD.kidsdon’tknowhowtowriteinthecomputerage解析推理判斷題。文章由SAT考試增加書面表達(dá)，引入話題——當(dāng)前學(xué)生不注重書寫。此項(xiàng)改革旨在讓學(xué)生改掉書寫潦草的壞習(xí)慣。故選C?！檀鸢附馕?10811D(2017·貴州遵義航天高級(jí)中學(xué)四模)Fightingracialstereotypes(模式化)onUScampusesoftenbeginsbyputtingstudentsofdifferentethnicbackgroundstogether—underonedormitoryroof.SamBoakyewasafreshmanatOhioStateUniversityandtheonlyblackstudentonhisfloor.Hewasdeterminedtogetgoodgrades—inparttomakesurehiswhiteroommatehadnobasisfornegativeracialviews.“You’repushedtodobetter，tochallengethestereotypethatblackpeoplearenotthatsmart，”hetoldtheNew

York

Times.Severalrecentstudieshavefoundthathavingaroommateofadifferentracecanreduceprejudice(偏見)，diversify(使多樣化)friendshipsandevenpromotestudents’academicperformance.InastudybyOhioStatepsychologyprofessorRussellFazio，blackfreshmenwhocametocollegewithhightestscoresearnedbettergradesiftheyhadawhiteroommate—eveniftheroommate’stestscoreswerelow.AnotherstudyonstudentinteractionbyDukeUniversitysuggeststhatfreshmenwithroommatesofadifferentracewerethemostlikelytodiversifytheirfriendships.“Justhavingdiversityinclassroomsdoesn’tdoanythingtoincreaseinterracialfriendships,”saidClaudiaBuchman，anauthoroftheDukestudy.“Butlivingtogetherwithadifferent-raceroommatedoesleadtomoreinterracialfriendships.”

Thereare，however，someproblemswithsuchroomassignments.Fazio’sstudyfoundthatthreetimesasmanyrandomly(隨機(jī)地)assignedinterracialroommatesweren’tlivingtogetherattheendofthesemester，comparedwithwhiteroommates.Interracialroommatesalsospentlesstimetogether，hadfewerjointactivitiesandwerelessinvolvedwitheachother’sfriendsthanwhitepairs.AsforBoakye，thisisnotthecase.“Alotofwhitestudentscomewithoutmuchexposure(暴露)todiversity，sowhentheirfirstinteractionwithablackguyisn’tbad，theywillmakemoreblackfriends.IthinkImadeagoodimpressiononmyfreshmanroommate.Isawhimthisyear，andhesaid，‘Heydude，you’renottheonlyblackfriendIhave.’Thatfeltgood.”

語篇解讀美國大學(xué)校園為了抵制種族模式化，專門把不同種族文化背景的人放在同一個(gè)寢室里，這樣做經(jīng)過研究后發(fā)現(xiàn)利大于弊。語篇解讀12.HavingaroommateofadifferentracecanhavethefollowingbenefitsEXCEPT

.A.makingmorefriendsB.reducingprejudiceC.earningbettergradesD.improvingphysicalhealth解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二、三段的描述可知A、B、C三項(xiàng)都有提及，唯一沒提到的是D項(xiàng)。故選D?！檀鸢附馕?314121513.SamBoakyewasdeterminedtogetgoodgradespartlybecause

.A.hewantedtoprovehewasasmartboyB.heintendedtopleasehisparentsC.hewishedtoearnthescholarshipD.hewantedtoshowblackpeopleareassmartaswhitepeople解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“‘You’repushedtodobetter，tochallengethestereotypethatblackpeoplearenotthatsmart，’hetoldtheNew

York

Times.”可知他是想證明他跟白人一樣聰明。故選D。

√答案解析1314121514.WecanconcludethatBoakye

.A.gotalongwellwithhiswhiteroommateB.sharedfewerjointactivitieswithhiswhiteroommateC.hadanegativeattitudetowardshiswhiteroommateD.isstilllivingtogetherwithhisfreshmanwhiteroommate解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“IthinkImadeagoodimpressiononmyfreshmanroommate.Isawhimthisyear，andhesaid，‘Heydude，you’renottheonlyblackfriendIhave.’Thatfeltgood.”可知，他跟室友相處得很好。故選A?！檀鸢附馕?314121515.The4thparagraphismainlyabout

.A.theinterracialfriendshipB.someproblemswithhavinganinterracialroommateC.somecommentsontheinterracialroommatesD.theinteractionbetweentheblackstudentandthewhitestudent解析段落大意題。該段主要是講不同種族文化的學(xué)生在一個(gè)寢室產(chǎn)生的問題。故選B?！檀鸢附馕?3141215Ⅰ.單詞梳理1.HespeaksEnglishasthoughhewerean

(America).2.Industryandagriculturearethetwoimportantsectorsofthe________(nation)economy.3.Thehotelhadagrand

(celebrate)foritsopening.4.Proposaliseasierthan

(perform).5.Thepatientbegantobreathe

(normal).6.Shegavethelidafewtapsto

(loose)it.Americannationalcelebrationperformancenormallyloosen以上語篇訓(xùn)練之素材提煉再拓展7.I’veaskedhimto

(short)mytrousers.8.Shehasthe

(able)tokeepcalminanemergency.9.Anewlawhasbeenbroughtintodiscourage

(race)prejudice.10.Hergentlenesshasgivenmeadeep

(impress).shortenabilityracialimpression______________________________________________________________________________________________________________留出；把……放置一旁同時(shí)；然而找出；搜出前往；出發(fā)inreturnonthespotbedescr