2025屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考點(diǎn)35閱讀理解記敘文考點(diǎn)歸納

考點(diǎn)35閱讀理解記敘文高考頻度：★★★★★記敘文類文章描述的是一件詳細(xì)事情的發(fā)生、發(fā)展和結(jié)局，通常有時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、人物、事務(wù)等。有些文章是按事務(wù)發(fā)展的經(jīng)過(guò)為主線敘述的，在敘述的過(guò)程中有詳有略；有些文章是按時(shí)間的依次敘述的，有順敘、倒敘等。從總體上來(lái)講，文章的難度通常不大，在閱讀過(guò)程中，我們始終在某個(gè)線索的引導(dǎo)下，隨著作者的思路去了解一個(gè)故事或一件事情的始末，因此會(huì)感到比較輕松。命題往往從故事的情節(jié)、人物或事務(wù)之間的關(guān)系、作者的意圖和看法、故事的前因和后果等方面入手，考查學(xué)生對(duì)細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的分辨實(shí)力以及推理推斷實(shí)力。閱讀此類文章應(yīng)特殊留意：（1）若是一般故事性文章，應(yīng)讀懂故事的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、高潮和結(jié)局；（2）若是＂哲理故事＂，要理解故事所蘊(yùn)含的哲理意義；（3）若是＂逸聞趣事＂，應(yīng)體會(huì)對(duì)話的風(fēng)趣性，進(jìn)而才能感受幽默的精髓。二、命題方式考向一細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)事實(shí)理解一篇文章必定是由很多詳細(xì)的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)、詳細(xì)的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成的，全部這些信息以某種依次（時(shí)間、空間、情感改變等）排列起來(lái)，來(lái)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明或闡釋主題，體現(xiàn)文章的主旨大意。細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題目主要考查學(xué)生對(duì)文章詳細(xì)事實(shí)和細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)的理解實(shí)力，屬于表層理解題范疇，難度較小，但在整個(gè)閱讀理解題中所占比例最大，細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題多從文章的某個(gè)詳細(xì)事實(shí)或細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)動(dòng)身來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)題目。此類題通常依據(jù)文章詳細(xì)內(nèi)容來(lái)設(shè)問(wèn)，也常運(yùn)用下列方式來(lái)提問(wèn)：1.Whichofthefollowingstatementsis(not)true/correct?2.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?3.Allofthefollowingaretrueexcept...4.Accordingtothepassage,when/where/why/how/how/what/which,etc...？1.干脆事實(shí)題在解答這類問(wèn)題時(shí)要求學(xué)生抓住題干文字信息，采納針對(duì)性方法進(jìn)行閱讀，因?yàn)檫@類題的答案在文章中可以干脆找到。2024年山東省高考英語(yǔ)試卷（新高考全國(guó)Ⅰ卷，B）JeniferMauerhasneededmorewillpowerthanthetypicalcollegestudenttopursuehergoalofearninganursingdegree.ThatwillpowerborefruitwhenJennifergraduatedfromUniversityofWisconsin-EauClaireandbecamethefirstinherlargefamilytoearnabachelor'sdegree.Mauer,ofEdgar,Wisconsin,grewuponafarminafamilyof10children.Herdadworkedatajobawayfromthefarm,andhermotherranthefarmwiththekids.Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition(學(xué)費(fèi)),becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.Aftergraduation,sheworkedtohelphersistersandbrotherspayfortheirschooling.Jennifernowismarriedandhasthreechildrenofherown.Shedecidedtogobacktocollegetoadvancehercareerandtobeabletobettersupportherfamilywhiledoingsomethingsheloves:nursing.ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.Jeniferreceivedgreatsupportfromherfamilyassheworkedtoearnherdegree:Herhusbandworkedtwojobstocoverthebills,andher68-year-oldmotherhelpedtakecareofthechildrenattimes.Throughitall,sheremainedingoodacademicstandingandgraduatedwithhonors.Jennifersacrificed(犧牲)toachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.''Somenightsmyheartwasbreakingtohavetopickbetweenmykidsandstudyingforexamsorpapers,''shesays.However,herchildrenhavelearnedanimportantlessonwitnessingtheirmotherearnherdegree.Jenniferisafirst-generationgraduateandaninspirationtoherfamily-andthat'sprettypowerful.4．WhatdidJenniferdoafterhighschool?A．Shehelpedherdadwithhiswork.B．Sheranthefamilyfarmonherown.C．Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.D．Shetaughthersistersandbrothersathome.5．WhydidJenniferchoosetheprogramatMinistrySaintJoseph'sHospitalinMarshfield?A．Totakecareofherkidseasily. B．Tolearnfromthebestnurses.C．Tosavemoneyforherparents. D．Tofindawell-paidjobthere.6．WhatdidJennifersacrificetoachievehergoal?A．Herhealth. B．Hertimewithfamily.C．Herreputation. D．Herchanceofpromotion.7．WhatcanwelearnfromJenifer'sstory?A．Timeismoney. B．Lovebreaksdownbarriers.C．Hardworkpaysoff. D．Educationisthekeytosuccess.【答案】4．C5．A6．B【解析】4．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段的Afterhighschool,Jenniferattendedalocaltechnicalcollege,workingtopayhertuition,becausetherewasnoextramoneysetasideforacollegeeducation.(中學(xué)畢業(yè)后，Jennifer上了一所當(dāng)?shù)氐募夹g(shù)學(xué)院來(lái)支付她的學(xué)費(fèi)，因?yàn)榧依餂]有額外的錢用來(lái)支付高校教化)可知，中學(xué)畢業(yè)后Jennifer通過(guò)自己掙錢來(lái)完成高校教學(xué)，因?yàn)榧依餂]有額外的錢。C.Shesupportedherselfthroughcollege.(她自食其力讀完了高校)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選C項(xiàng)。5．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段的ShechosetheUW-EauClaireprogramatMisnistrySaintJoseph’sHospitalinMarshfieldbecauseshewasabletopursueherfour-yeardegreeclosetohome.Shecoulddrivetoclassandbehomeintheeveningtohelpwithherkids.(她選擇了位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-EauClaire項(xiàng)目，因?yàn)樗梢栽陔x家近的地方攻讀四年的學(xué)位。她可以開車去上課，晚上可以回家照看孩子)可知，Jennifer選擇位于馬什菲爾德的圣約瑟夫醫(yī)院的UW-EauClaire項(xiàng)目是因?yàn)殡x家近，這樣便于照看她的三個(gè)孩子。A.Totakecareofherkidseasily.(為了便利照看她的孩子)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選A項(xiàng)。6．細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)最終一段的Jennifersacrificedtoachievehergoal,givingupmanynightswithherkidsandmissingimportanteventstostudy.(Jennifer為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)犧牲了很多，她放棄了很多個(gè)和孩子待在一起的晚上，錯(cuò)過(guò)了很多重要的活動(dòng))可知，為了實(shí)現(xiàn)自己的目標(biāo)Jennifer放棄了和家人待在一起的時(shí)間。B.Hertimewithfamily.(她與家人的時(shí)間)符合以上說(shuō)法，故選B項(xiàng)。2.間接事實(shí)題解答此類題，須要結(jié)合上下文供應(yīng)的語(yǔ)境和信息進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)潔的概括和推斷或者要進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)潔的計(jì)算。InvitedbyMr.YeHuixian,hostofthewell-receivedTVprogramme＂StarsTonight＂，MissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991,appearedastheguesthostessontheShanghaiTVscreenlastSunday.BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongkongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However,itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.＂It’sreallyahardjobforme.Iwon’tenterforsuchcompetitionanymore.Anyhow,Iamquitelucky.IamalsogladtohavehadmorechancetoworkforthesocialwelfaresinceIwonthetitle.Thistime,inShanghai,I’dlovetomakeadeepimpressiononmyTVaudience，＂saidLuoLinwithasweetsmile.Q：WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongkongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.【解析】A、C和D項(xiàng)都可在原文找到答案，而B項(xiàng)原文所給的是：takentoHongkong可推斷不是movedtoHongkongwithherparents，因此選B。【答案】3.數(shù)據(jù)推算。IfyouregisterboththeVIEWqualificationcourseandtheForumatthesametime,youwillsave_______.A.$100 B.$300 C.$350 D.$400這類題目要求學(xué)生就文章供應(yīng)的數(shù)據(jù)，以及數(shù)據(jù)與文中其他信息的關(guān)系做簡(jiǎn)潔計(jì)算和推斷。在做此類題時(shí)：1.要抓住并正確理解與數(shù)據(jù)有關(guān)的信息含義。2.弄清眾多信息中那些屬于有用信息，那些屬于干擾信息。3.不要孤立看待數(shù)字信息，而要抓住一些關(guān)鍵用語(yǔ)的意義?？枷蚨黝}理解或?qū)懽饕鈭D推斷一、主旨閱讀理解題考查的內(nèi)容1.短文的標(biāo)題（title,headline）；2.短文或段落的主題（subject）；3.中心思想(mainidea)；4.作者的寫作目的(purpose)。二、此類題的設(shè)問(wèn)方式1.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?2.Whatdoesthesecondparagraphmainlydiscuss?3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?4.Themainpurposeofannouncingtheaboveeventsis__________.考向三推理推斷推理題要求考生依據(jù)文章供應(yīng)的事實(shí)和線索進(jìn)行邏輯推理，推斷出作者沒有提到或者沒有明說(shuō)的事實(shí)或者可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)。這類題旨在考查學(xué)生透過(guò)詞語(yǔ)的字面意義去理解作者的言外之意或言外之意的實(shí)力，屬于深層理解題。此類題的設(shè)問(wèn)常常包括infer,imply,suggest,conclude等詞，這類題的設(shè)問(wèn)方式主要有：1.WecaninferfromthePassagethat__________.2.WhatcanbeinferredfromthePassage?3.WhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromthePassage?4.ItcanbeinferredfromParagraph3that__________.5.Theauthorsuggestsinthisparagraphthat__________.6.Thewriterimpliesthat__________.7.Itcanbeinferredthat__________.8.ItcanbeconcludedfromthePassagethat__________.9.Onthewhole,wecanconcludethat__________.10.Fromthetextwecanconcludethat__________.11.AfterreadingthePassagewemayconcludethat__________.12.WhatconclusioncanbedrawnfromthePassage?13.Theauthorisinclinedtothinkthat__________.14.Whenthewritertalksabout,whathereallymeansisthat__________.15.What’sthewriter’sattitude/feelingtowards...?16.Inthewriter’sopinion,...考向四詞義、句義揣測(cè)。詞義揣測(cè)閱讀理解題考查對(duì)文中關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)的理解。在閱讀理解題中，所考查的詞或短語(yǔ)的意義往往不停留在字面上，要依據(jù)語(yǔ)境來(lái)推斷。此類題的設(shè)問(wèn)方式主要有1.Theword＂...＂inLine...means/canbereplacedby...2.Asusedinthepassage,thephrase＂...＂suggests...3.Fromthepassage,wecaninferthattheword/phrase＂...＂is/referredto...4.Theword＂...＂isclosestinmeaningto...猜詞是應(yīng)用英語(yǔ)的重要實(shí)力，也是高考中常用的題型。它不但須要精確無(wú)誤地理解上下文，而且要有較大的泛讀量，駕馭或相識(shí)較多的課外詞匯。我們要學(xué)會(huì)＂順藤摸瓜＂，通過(guò)構(gòu)詞、語(yǔ)法、定義、同位、對(duì)比、因果、常識(shí)、上下文等線索確定詞義。1.定義法。如：Annealingisawayofmakingmetalsofterbyheatingitandthenlettingitcoolveryslowly.句子賜予annealing以明確的定義，即＂退火＂。Itwillbeveryhardbutalsoverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.從后面的說(shuō)明中我們可以了解到brittle是＂脆＂的意思。Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.定語(yǔ)從句中l(wèi)ooksaftersheep就表明白herdsman的詞義為＂牧人＂。2.同位法。如：Theytraveledalongwayandatlastgottoacastle,alargebuildinginoldtimes.同位語(yǔ)部分alargebuildinginoldtimes給出了castle的準(zhǔn)確詞義，即＂城堡＂。Weareonthenightshift—frommidnightto8A.m.—thisweek.兩個(gè)破折號(hào)之間的短語(yǔ)很清晰地表明nightshift是＂夜班＂的意思。3.對(duì)比法。如：Sheisusuallypromptforallherclass,buttodayshearrivedinthemiddleofherfirstclass.but一詞表轉(zhuǎn)折，因此but前后的意思正相反。后半句的意思是＂她今日第一節(jié)上了一半才來(lái)＂，因此反向推理，可得出她平常一向＂準(zhǔn)時(shí)＂的結(jié)論。4.構(gòu)詞法(前綴、后綴、復(fù)合、派生等)。如：Perhaps,wecanseesomepossibilitiesfornextfiftyyears.Butthenexthundred?possibility是possible的同根名詞，據(jù)此可以推斷定possibility意思是＂可能性＂。5.因果法。如：Thelackofmovementcausedthemusclestoweaken.Sometimestheweaknesswaspermanent.Sotheplayercouldneverplaythesportagain.從后面的結(jié)果＂恒久不能再運(yùn)動(dòng)＂中，可以推想permanent的意思為＂恒久的，永久＂?！窘忸}技巧】高考閱讀理解體裁紛繁多樣，但每套試卷通常包含一到兩篇記敘文。在全部的閱讀體裁中，記敘文的難度相對(duì)是比較低的。假如駕馭了閱讀的技巧，多多實(shí)踐，閱讀實(shí)力就有可能大大提高。要嫻熟駕馭記敘文的閱讀技巧，了解記敘文的寫作特點(diǎn)與命題特點(diǎn)也是有必要的。一、記敘文寫作特點(diǎn)記敘文是一種記載和敘述事務(wù)由來(lái)，描繪事物和人物情景狀態(tài)、過(guò)程及發(fā)展的文體。消息、通訊、傳記、游記、小說(shuō)、童話、寓言以及記敘性的散文等文體，都屬于記敘文的范疇。就寫作依次而言，記敘文要么是按時(shí)間依次，要么是按事務(wù)的重要性的依次來(lái)綻開。不管是哪種敘述方法，最終常常會(huì)有一兩句話抒發(fā)作者的心情與感悟，這是記敘文的精華所在，也是閱讀的難點(diǎn)所在，可謂＂一篇之妙，在于落句＂。二、記敘文命題特點(diǎn)從命題形式上看，常見的有細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解、詞義揣測(cè)、主旨大意、推理推斷、作者意圖等題型。除了推論或詞義辨識(shí)題，記敘文命題的依次一般都會(huì)依據(jù)文章的脈絡(luò)和故事發(fā)展的依次層層推動(dòng)，否則就會(huì)覺得別扭，邏輯不通。同時(shí)，記敘文須要事務(wù)的發(fā)展過(guò)程作支撐，一半以上的題目都會(huì)用來(lái)檢測(cè)考生對(duì)故事的了解，因此，我們必需弄明白整件事情的發(fā)展脈絡(luò)。而其余像主旨大意、作者意圖之類的題目，則取決于文章的落句，集中考查對(duì)作者所發(fā)的感受的理解。總之，細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題是記敘文命題的主流題型。而寓意之類的題則是高一層次的題，有肯定的難度和區(qū)分度，它們是拉開距離的題，答對(duì)了這些題，你才有可能勝利地躋身高分之列。綜上所述，記敘文的應(yīng)對(duì)策略即：不漏細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，奠定基礎(chǔ)；把準(zhǔn)寓意，方能勝利。三、記敘文答題技巧一把鑰匙開一把鎖。要解答好記敘文閱讀理解題，就應(yīng)當(dāng)有一套針對(duì)性強(qiáng)的方法和技巧。下面是我們?cè)陂喿x教學(xué)中積累下來(lái)的一點(diǎn)心得體會(huì)，希望能對(duì)大家有所幫助。No.1順藤摸瓜記敘文中有大量的事務(wù)發(fā)展過(guò)程中的細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)，包括記敘文的5W（what,who,when,where,why）要素。因此我們作答細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)題的時(shí)候，就沒有那么困難，一般只須要由前到后，從上到下，一題一題地做就可以了。No.2瞻前顧后在做題過(guò)程中，我們大都不能在文中找到與題干一字不差的詞語(yǔ)或句子。這時(shí)我們須要仔細(xì)探討問(wèn)題，抓住題干中的關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)，然后到文中精確地找到與之相關(guān)的語(yǔ)句，或是疑似語(yǔ)句的位置，接著去左顧，或右盼，在前句或后句找尋線索。No.3刨根問(wèn)底如前所述，主旨大意題或推理推斷、作者意圖題等事實(shí)上是同一類型的問(wèn)題，或者說(shuō)是可用同種方法解答的題型。在解答此類題目的時(shí)候，不行被題干的表象所迷惑，要像剝洋蔥一樣，一層一層地剝；在四個(gè)可選項(xiàng)中，一個(gè)一個(gè)地去證明，去解除。特殊是解答推論或暗指類的題目，比如＂Whatcanbeinferredfrom…?＂或是Whatdoestheauthorimplyin…?＂之類的題目，文中所陳述的往往不是答案。我們要在文前文后去查找，在字里行間里去找尋。有時(shí)還少不了借助自己的生活閱歷和常理來(lái)體會(huì)這言外之意。No.4撥云見日每年的高考閱讀題中，特殊是記敘文的閱讀題，都會(huì)出現(xiàn)一至兩道詞義揣測(cè)題。而這些詞匯往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有點(diǎn)頭之交，在文中卻另有新意的，總之，猜的是那些在高考詞匯表要求之外的詞匯。小小的一個(gè)詞，一個(gè)短語(yǔ)，考核的不是你的語(yǔ)法的嫻熟程度，也不是你的記憶力，而是你對(duì)文章通篇或者一個(gè)段落的整體把握和變通實(shí)力。這時(shí)，你不僅須要＂瞻前顧后＂，還須要在幾句話，一個(gè)段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行間中快速搜尋，看看前面、后面都發(fā)生了些什么；反復(fù)琢磨人物、事物，或者人物與事物之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系，才可能在最終撥開團(tuán)團(tuán)迷霧，從四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案。題組一（2024年高考真題）Passage1(2024年浙江卷（1月），B)Ineverknewanyonewho’dgrownupinJacksonwithoutbeingafraidofMrs.Callowayourlibrarian.SheranJackson’sCarnegieLibraryabsolutelybyherself.SILENCEinbigblackletterswasonsignshungeverywhere.Ifshethoughtyouweredressedimproperly,shesentyoustraightbackhometochangeyourclothes.Iwaswilling；Iwoulddoanythingtoread.MymotherwasnotafraidofMrs.Calloway.Shewishedmetohavemyownlibrarycardtocheckoutbooksformyself,Shetookmeintointroduceme.“Eudoraisnineyearsoldandhasmypermissiontoreadanybookshewantsfromtheshelves,childrenoradults,”Mothersaid.Mrs.Callowaymadeherownrulesaboutbooks.Youcouldnottakebackabooktothelibraryonthesamedayyou`dtakenitout；itmadenodifferencetoherthatyou’dreadeverywordinitandneededanothertostart.Youcouldtakeouttwobooksatatimeandtwoonly.Sotwobytwo,IreadlibrarybooksasfastasIcouldgo,rushingthemhomeinthebasketofmybicycle.FromtheminuteIreachedourhouse,Istartedtoread.Iknewthiswasextremehappiness,knewitatthetime.Mymothersharedthisfeelingofmine.Now,Ithinkofherasreadingsomuchofthetimewhiledoingsomethingelse.IrememberherreadingamagazinewhiletakingthepartoftheWolfinagameof"LittleRedRidingHood"withmybrother'stwodaughters.She'djustlookupattherighttime,longenoughtoanswer–incharacter–"Thebettertoeatyouwith,mydear,"andgobacktoherplaceinthemagazinearticle.21．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribedMrs.Calloway?A．diet. B．Strict. C．Humorous. D．Considerate.22．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thisfeeling"refertointhelastparagraph?A．Desiretoread. B．LoveforMrs.Calloway.C．Interestingames. D．Fearofthelibraryrules.23．Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A．guidebook. B．a(chǎn)nautobiography. C．a(chǎn)newsreport. D．bookreview.Passage2(2024·全國(guó)山東新高考，C)Inthemid-1990s,TomBisselltaughtEnglishasavolunteerinUzbekistan.Heleftaftersevenmonths,physicallybrokenandhavinglosthismind.Afewyearslater,stillattractedtothecountry,hereturnedtoUzbekistantowriteanarticleaboutthedisappearanceoftheAralSea.Hisvisit,however,endedupinvolvingalotmorethanthat.Hencethisbook,ChasingtheSea:LostAmongtheGhostsofEmpireinCentralAsia,whichtalksaboutaroadtripfromTashkenttoKarakalpakstan,wheremillionsofliveshavebeendestroyedbytheslowdryingupofthesea.ItisthestoryofanAmericantravellingtoastrangeland,andofthepeoplehemeetsonhisway:Rustam,histranslator,alovely24-year-oldwhopickeduphiscolorfulEnglishinCalifornia,OlegandNatasha,hishostsinTashkent,andastringofforeignaidworkers.ThisisaquicklookatlifeinUzbekistan,madeoffriendlinessandwarmth,butalsoitsdarkersideofsociety.InSamarkand,MrBisselladmiresthearchitecturalwonders,whileonhiswaytoBukharahegetsatasteofpolicemethodswhensuspectedofdrugdealing.InFerghana,heattendsamountainfuneral(葬禮)followedbyastrangedrinkingparty.AndinKarakalpakstan,heissaddenedbytheduststorms,diseasesandfishingboatsstuckmilesfromthesea.MrBissellskillfullyorganizeshistoricalinsightsandculturalreferences,makinghistaleawell-roundedpictureofUzbekistan,seenfromWesterneyes.HisjudgmentandreferencesaredecidedlyAmerican,aswellashisdelicatestomach.Astheauthorexplains,thisisneitheratravelnorahistorybook,orevenapieceofreportage.Whateveritis,theresultisafineandvividdescriptionofthepurestofCentralAsiantraditions.8．WhatmadeMrBissellreturntoUzbekistan?A．Hisfriends'invitation. B．Hisinterestinthecountry.C．Hisloveforteaching. D．Hisdesiretoregainhealth.9．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?A．Developingaseriousmentaldisease.B．TakingaguidedtourinCentralAsia.C．WorkingasavolunteerinUzbekistan.D．WritinganarticleabouttheAralSea.10．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesMrBissell'sroadtripinUzbekistan?A．Romantic. B．Eventful. C．Pleasant. D．Dangerous.11．Whatisthepurposeofthistext?A．Tointroduceabook. B．Toexplainaculturalphenomenon.C．Torememberawriter. D．Torecommendatraveldestination.Passage3(2024·天津卷7月，B)“Theytellmethatyou’dliketomakeastatue(塑像)ofme-isthatcorrect,MissVinnieReam?”Thedeep,gentlevoicehelpedcalmthenervousgirl.AskingafavorofthePresidentoftheUnitedStateswasnocasualmatter,especiallyforaseventeen-year-oldgirl.“Yes,sir,”shereplied,herdarkeyesmeetinghis.“Iwouldn’thaveduoaskyou,butmyteacher,Mr.Mills,saysIamready.Iplantomakeitinanadmirablemanner.“PresidentLincolnsmiled.“Painters,sculptors-they’vealltriedtomakethebestofthisordinaryface,butI’mafraidthere’snotmuchhope.Whatdidyouhaveinmind,MissReam?Abust(半身像)?”BeforeVinniecouldsayyes,thePresidenthurriedon,ashadeofapologyinhisvoice.“Ofcourse-Ishouldn’thaveasked.Afull-lengthposewouldbemuchtoobigaprojectforayoungwomanyoursize.“Vinnie’sfaceturnedred.Sherealizedshelookedlikeachild,withhertinyfigure.“Smalldoesnotmeanweak,sir,”shedefendedherself.“IwasborninthecountryofWisconsin.I’vedriventeamsofhorsesandcarriedwater.Makingafull-lengthclay(粘土)figurewouldnotexhaustmystrength-andthatiswhatIintendtodo!”ThePresident’seyes,brightenedathershowofspirit.“Sorry,madam,IhaveunderestimatedyouasIdidn’tknowyourbackground.”Buthissmilefadedasherubbedhisbeardwithbonyfingers,inthought.“MissReam,”hesighed,“I’dliketoletyoudoit,butasyouknow,weareinthemiddleofawar.HowcouldIpossiblytakethetimetoposeforasculpturenow?Ihardlyhaveaminutetomyself.”Vinnieglancedaroundandnotedthesizeofhisoffice.“Iworkquickly,”shesaid.Hervoicewassoftbutconfidentasshepointedtothecornernearthewindows.“IfIweretobringmyclayhereandworkforthreehourseveryafternoon,Icouldcompletemostoftheprojectwhileyouareatyourdesk.”ThePresidentseemedtoconsiderherideaseriously.HegotupandshookVinnie’shandwarmly,“I’veheardthatyouareatalentedyoungwoman,andIhavefoundyoucharmingandintelligentaswell.Icannotmakemydecisionimmediately,butyouwillhearfrommesoon.”Theverynextday,VinniereceivedaninvitationfromthePresident.41.WhatgaveVinnieconfidencetomakeherrequestofPresidentLincoln?A.Heraggressivepersonality.B.Mr.Mills’sencouragingremark.C.PresidentLincoln’sgentlevoice.D.Herinterestinachallengingjob.42.HowdidPresidentLincolnfirstrespondtoVinnie’srequest?A.Pleased.B.Thrilled.C.Regretful.D.Doubtful.43.Vinnieconfirmedherabilitytomakeafull-lengthstatuebyhighlighting______.A.herexperiencefromotherprojectsB.herinnocentchildhoodinthecountryC.theheavylaborshehaddonebeforeD.theskillshepickedupinWisconsin44.Vinniewantedtochoosethecornernearthewindowsto______.A.achieveeffectsofnaturallightingB.keepallhertoolswithineasyreachC.observethePresidentatarightangleD.avoiddisturbingthepresident’swork45.Whatmessagedoesthestoryconvey?A.Astrong-willedsoulcanreachhisgoal.B.Experiencehelpstopromoteexcellence.C.Upsanddownsmakeonestrong.D.Devotionrequiresenthusiasm.Passage4(2024·天津卷3月，B)OneofthemoststressfuldaysofSusanMcFrederick’slifewaswatchinghersongetwheeledawayforsurgeryhoursafterhewasbornin2011.Butaftertheoperation,Susanburstintotearsforadifferentreason:acrossthecutontheirnewbornsonsbackwasasweetwinterscene,hand-drawnonhisbandages（繃帶）.“Therewererollinghillsofsnow,apinetreeandasnowmanwithahatandbroom,sherecalled.Itwasextremelytouchingandcomfortingtoknowthatsomebodyhadtakenthetimetodothatformyfamily.ItwasamomentI'llneverforget.”Susansoonlearnedtheartistwashersonssurgeon,RobertParry,whodiscoveredanotherwaytousehishandsinthemid-1980sduringhisinternship（實(shí)習(xí)期）atchildren'smedicalcenter.wherehesawoneofhiscolleaguescutoutheartandsharkshapestodecoratechildren’sbandages.“Myfirstreactionwas,'Whatishedoing?Hey,that’skindofneat,’”Parryrecalled.“Iespeciallylikedthereactionsoftheparentsandthepatientswhentheysawhisartwork.Thesmilestookeveryone'sattentionfromthesurgery.ThenIdecidedtofollowsuit.”Parryquicklygraduatedfromhisearlyheartsandsharks,andstartedtosurprisefamilieswithdrawingsthatcapturedyoungpatients'personalities.FromSnoopytoSpider-Manandbearstobutterflies,thereisn’tmuchhehasn’tdrawn.Mostkidswantsuperheroessportsteamlogosorprincesses,whilebabiesoftenreceivesceneswithflowerstreesandseacreaturesDuringthelast30years,Parryestimateshehasleftexamplesofhishandiworkoverthestitches（傷口縫線）ofmorethan10,000children.“Duringatimeofstressforfamilies,it'snicetobeabletohelpthemsmileandlaugh,"Parrysaid.ThisissomethingpositivethatIcandoforthem,whichiswhatIlikemostaboutit.”ForParry,therewardisknowinghehopefullymadeadifferenceinachild’slife,andexceptforhisdrawingsonbandages,theycangoonandlivetheirlivesandneverknowIwasinit.”hesaid.He'snotreadytoretire,buthe'sfoundanewhobbytokeephishandsskillfulintheyearstocome.“I'vetakenupknitting（編織）,”Parrysaid.“Hats,sweaters,gloves---Ienjoyitall.Butmostly,Ienjoygivingeverythingaway.”40．Susanburstintotearsafterherbaby'soperationbecauseshewas__________.A．moved B．a(chǎn)musedC．stressed D．heartbroken41．HowdidParrygettheideaofdecoratingchildren'sbandages?A．Hewasmotivatedbyhispatients.B．Hewasinspiredbyhiscolleague.C．Hewasrequiredtolearntheskillduringhisinternship.D．HewasencouragedbySusantoshowhisgeniusforart.42．Parry'sartworksduringthelast30yearsshowthathe__________.A．devotedhimselfmoretoartthantomedicine.B．knewmoreabouthispatientsthantheirparents.C．tookintoconsiderationthetastesofindividualpatients.D．createdalargenumberofworksbeyondhisexpectations.43．WhatdoesParryexpecttoachievewithhisartworks?A．Togetarewardfromtheartisticcircle.B．Towintheadmirationofhiscolleagues.C．Tomakeadifferenceinhisdullmedicalcareer.D．Toliftthespiritsofhispatientsandtheirparents.44．WhatcanwelearnaboutParryfromthelasttwoparagraphsofthepassage?A．Heiseagertoshowothershisnewskills.B．Heenjoystryingnewwaystohelpothers.C．Heislookingforwardtolifeafterretirement.D．Heismoreinterestedinknittingthandrawing.題組二（2024年高考真題）Passage1(2024·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷I，B)ForCanaanElementary’ssecondgradeinPatchogue,N.Y.，todayisspeechday,andrightnowit’sChrisPalaez’sturn.The8-year-oldisthejokeroftheclass.Withshiningdarkeyes,heseemsliketheofkidwhowouldenjoypublicspeaking.Buthe’s,nervous.“I’mheretotellyoutodaywhyyoushould…should…”Christripsonthe“-ld,”a.pronunciationdifficultyformanynon-nativeEnglishspeakers.Histeacher,ThomasWhaley,isnexttohim,whisperingsupport.“…Votefor…me…”Exceptforsomestumbles,Chrisisdoingamazinglywell.Whenhebringshisspeechtoaniceconclusion,Whaleyinvitestherestoftheclasstopraisehim.Asonofimmigrants,ChrisstaredlearningEnglishalittleoverthreeyearsago.Whaleyrecalls(回想起)howatthebeginningoftheyear，whencalledupontoread，Chriswouldexcusehimselftogotothebathroom.LearningEnglishasasecondlanguagecanbeapainfulexperience.Whatyouneedisagreatteacherwholetsyoumakemistakes.“Ittakesalotforanystudent，”Whaleyexplains，“especiallyforastudentwhoislearningEnglishastheirnewlanguage，tofeelconfidentenoughtosay，‘Idon’tknow，butIwanttoknow.’”Whaleygottheideaofthissecond-gradepresidentialcampaignprojectwhenheaskedthechildrenonedaytoraisetheirhandsiftheythoughttheycouldneverbeapresident.Theanswerbrokehisheart.Whaleysaystheprojectisaboutmorethanjustlearningtoreadandspeakinpublic.Hewantsthesekidstolearntoboast(夸耀)aboutthemselves.“Boastingaboutyourself，andyourbestqualities,”Whaleysays，“isverydifficultforachildwhocameintotheclassroomnotfeelingconfident.”24.WhatmadeChrisnervous？A.Tellingastory. B.Makingaspeech.C.Takingatest. D.Answeringaquestion.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“stumbles”inparagraph2referto?A.Improperpauses. B.Badmanners. C.Spellingmistakes. D.Sillyjokes.26.WecaninferthatthepurposeofWhaley’sprojectisto_________.A.helpstudentsseetheirownstrengthsB.assessstudents’publicspeakingskillsC.preparestudentsfortheirfuturejobsD.inspirestudents’loveforpolitics27.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesWhaleyasateacher?A.Humorous. B.Ambitious. C.Caring. D.Demanding.Passage2(2024·全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷II，B)“Youcanusemeasalastresort(選擇),andifnobodyelsevolunteers，thenIwilldoit.”ThiswasanactualreplyfromaparentafterIputoutarequestforvolunteersformykidslacrosse(長(zhǎng)曲棍球)club.Iguessthatthere'sprobablysomedemandingworkschedule,orsocialanxietyaroundsteppinguptohelpforanunknownsport.Shemayjustneedalittlepersuading.SoItryagainandtugattheheartstrings.ImentionthesingleparentwithfourkidsrunningtheshowandItalkaboutthedadcoachingateamthathiskidsaren’tevenon…Atthispointtheunwillingparentspeaksup,“Alright.Yes,I’lldoit.”I’msecretlyrelievedbecauseIknowthere’srealpowerinsharingvolunteerresponsibilitiesamongmany.Theunwillingparentorganizesthemealschedule,sendsoutemails,andcollectsmoneyforend-of-seasongifts.Somewherealongtheway,thesameparentendsupbecominganinvaluablememberoftheteam.Thecoachisabletofocusonthekidswhiletheotherparentsarerelievedtobeoffthehookforanotherseason.Handingoutslicedorangestobloodthirstykidscanbeasexcitingaswatchingyourownkidscoreagoal.Still,mostofusvolunteersbreatheasighofreliefwhentheseasoncomestoaclose.Thatreliefiscoupledwithadeepunderstandingofwhythesamepeoplekeepcomingbackformore:Connectingtothecommunity(社區(qū))asyoufreelygiveyourtime,money,skills,orservicesprovidesarealjoy.Volunteeringjustfeelssogood.Inthatsense,I’mprettysurevolunteeringismoreofaselfishactthanI’dfreelyliketoadmit.However,ifothersbenefitintheprocess,andIgetsomerewardtoo,doesitreallymatterwheremymotivationlies?24.Whatcanweinferabouttheparentfromherreplyinparagraphl？A.Sheknowslittleabouttheclub.B.Sheisn'tgoodatsports.C.Shejustdoesn'twanttovolunteer.D.She'sunabletomeetherschedule.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“tugattheheartstrings”inparagraph2mean?A.Encourageteamwork.B.Appealtofeeling.C.Promotegooddeeds.D.Provideadvice.26.Whatcanwelearnabouttheparentfromparagraph3?A.Shegetsinterestedinlacrosse.B.Sheisproudofherkids.C.She’llworkforanotherseason.D.Shebecomesagoodhelper.27.Whydoestheauthorlikedoingvolunteerwork?A.Itgivesherasenseofduty.B.Itmakesherveryhappy.C.Itenableshertoworkhard.D.Itbringshermaterialrewards.Passage3(2024·北京卷II，B)AliceMooreisateenagerentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),whoinMay2024setupherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13，hercompanywasworthmillionsofdollarswiththeinventionofasuper-sweettreatthatcouldsavekids'teeth，insteadofdestroyingthem.ItallbeganwhenMoorevisitedabankwithherdad.Ontheouting,shewasofferedacandybar.However,herdadremindedherthatsugarytreatswerebadforherteeth.ButMoorewassickofmissingoutoncandies.Soshedesiredtogetroundthewarning,"Whycan'tImakeahealthycandythat'sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan'tsaynotoit?"Withthatinmind,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstartherowncandycompany.Herecommendedthatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywouldcontain.Withherdad'spermission,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingonlineandconductingtrialstogetarecipethatwasbothtastyandtooth-fr