專題06-選擇性必修一Unit2知識梳理【牛津譯林(2020)版】

專題06選擇性必修一Unit2知識梳理-2022-2023學年高一英語第二學期期末復(fù)習【牛津譯林（2020）版】期末復(fù)習方向：1.重點詞匯詞性拓展2.重點單詞講解3.語法講解重點詞匯詞性拓展1.v.作曲;組成;撰寫;使鎮(zhèn)靜→n.作曲家,作曲者

2.adj.激動人心的,引人注目的;突然的;戲劇的;夸張的→n.戲劇;戲劇藝術(shù)→adv.戲劇性地;引人注目地

3.vt.&vi.(使)融合;(使)結(jié)合,(使)混合;兼做;合并→n.結(jié)合;聯(lián)合;結(jié)合體→adj.聯(lián)合的;總計的

4.n.周圍,環(huán)境→adj.周圍的;附近的→v.包圍,圍繞,環(huán)繞

5.n.改編本,改寫本;適應(yīng)→adj.能適應(yīng)的;有適應(yīng)能力的→v.使適應(yīng),使適合;改編,改寫;適應(yīng)

6.adj.合適的,適宜的,適當?shù)?適用的→v.適合,使適合;有利于;相配n.一套衣服;副;套

7.n.錄音,視頻;錄制;記錄,記載→n.記錄,記載v.記錄,將…錄音→n.法官;記錄員;錄音機;錄像機8

deserve

vt

值得，應(yīng)得主動：sbdeserve+todo被動：sthdeservedoing=sthdeservetobedone9.

weep

vi&vt

哭泣，流淚--------wept-------wept10.

overcome

vt

受到...的極大影響；克服,解決；戰(zhàn)勝------overcame------overcomebeovercomeby/with..........11.

sorrow

n

悲傷，悲痛；傷心事-----------sorrowful12.

transform

vi&vt(使)變形，(使)改觀，(使)轉(zhuǎn)化-------辨析：transplant/translate/transport/transfer13.

rural

adj

鄉(xiāng)村的，農(nóng)村的-------urban城市的14.

guarantee

vt

保證,擔保；確保；為(產(chǎn)品)提供保修

n

保證，擔保；保修單----------guaranteetodosth15.

invader

n

武裝入侵的軍隊(或國家)，侵略者--------invade動詞--------invasion侵略名詞16.

defend

vt&vi

保護，防御；辯白，辯解--------defensive--------defence-------offend/offend/offensive【答案】1.compose;composer2.dramatic;drama;dramatically3.combine;combinationcombined

4.surroundings;surrounding;surround5.adaptation;adaptable;adapt6.suitable;suit

7.recording;record;recorder1.adj.遙遠的,遠處的,久遠的;冷淡的;遠親的→n.距離;遠處;冷淡,疏遠v.拉開距離;與…疏遠→adv.冷淡地;遙遠地;模糊地

2.n.呼吸的空氣;一次吸入的空氣;微量,跡象→v.呼吸;呼氣

3.adj.特別的,不尋常的;獨特的,與眾不同的→adj.尋常的,慣常的,通常的→adv.通常,經(jīng)常地

4.adj.非凡的,奇異的,顯著的,引人注目的→n.言論,評論v.評論,談及,談?wù)?/p>

5.n.預(yù)言,預(yù)測→adj.可預(yù)見的→v.預(yù)言;預(yù)報

6.v.使抑郁,使沮喪;使蕭條,使不景氣→n.不景氣;沮喪,消沉→adj.抑郁的n.抑郁癥患者7.

stare

vi

盯著看，凝視，注視-------------stareatsb/sth----------glare怒視8.

grab

vt&vi

吸引；抓?。悔s緊，抓緊------grabbed/grabbed9.

complicated

adj

復(fù)雜的，難懂的-------complex復(fù)雜的10.

accompany

vt

陪同，陪伴；伴隨，與...同時發(fā)生；為...伴奏--------company名詞陪伴11.

expectation

n

希望,盼望；預(yù)料,預(yù)期；期望,指望-------beyondone’sexpectations無法預(yù)料，意料之外12.

enthusiastic

adj

熱情的，熱心的-------------enthusiasm名詞熱情13.

vast

adj

大量的，遼闊的，巨大的14.

gifted

adj

有才華的，有天賦的---------talented15.

reputation

n

名譽，名聲-----------fame名聲16.

upset

adj

難過的，失望的

vt

使煩惱；攪亂；打翻------upset/upset17.

possess

vt

具有(特質(zhì))；擁有；支配，控制---------possession名詞財產(chǎn)，所有物18.

abandon

vt

中止，放棄，不再有；拋棄；舍棄----------quit放棄19.

desperate

adj

絕望的；不惜冒險的；極其需要的；極嚴重的---------bedesperateforsth--------bedesperatetodosth20.

uplifting

adj

令人振奮的，鼓舞人心的-----------uplift動詞鼓舞；振奮21.

ease

n

容易，輕易；舒適，安逸--------------withease舒服地

vt&vi(使)寬慰，減輕------relieve動詞減輕、寬慰22.

genius

n

天賦，天資；天才-------gift/talent23.

grand

adj

宏大的，宏偉的；壯麗的，堂皇的【答案】1.distant;distance;distantly2.breath;breathe

3.unusual;usual;usually4.remarkable;remark5.prediction;predictable;predict6.depress;depression;depressive詞組集錦1.一系列…;廣泛的

2.作為…而出名;被稱為…

3.使(關(guān)系密切的人)分離,分開

4.強迫某人做某事

5.依賴,依靠;信任

6.結(jié)果是…;原來是…

7.在沉思中

8.奉送,額外贈送

9.作為額外增添

10.一系列;一批

11.古典音樂

12.由…組成(或構(gòu)成)

13.打算做某事

14.對……厭倦

15.出現(xiàn),露面

16.開始做某事,開始認真注意(或?qū)Υ?某事17.上演;穿上;增加

18.突然,猛地

19.becapableof

20.sendout

21.aswellas

22.beinastateof

23.turnup

24.take...backto25.reflecton

26.berelatedto

27.acrowdof

28.breakinto

29.bedeterminedtodosth

30.avarietyof31.withease

32.beregardedas【答案】1.arangeof2.beknownas3.tearapart

4.forcesb.todosth.5.relyon6.turnout7.bedeepinthought

8.throwin9.forgoodmeasure10.aseriesof11.classicalmusic12.consistof

13.intendtodosth14.gettiredof15.showup16.getdownto(doing)sth.17.puton18.allofasudden19.能夠…;可以……20.發(fā)送;放出;派遣21.除……之外;也22.處于一種……的狀態(tài)中23.出現(xiàn);將(音量)調(diào)大24.將……帶回到……25.認真思考;沉思26.與…有關(guān);向……講述27.一群……28.強行闖入;突然開始29..決定做某事30.各種各樣的31.輕松地,不費力地32.被視為重點單詞講解composer(n.)作曲家/者compose(v.)作曲;組成;撰寫;使鎮(zhèn)靜composition(n.)作品/文;成分becomposedof=consistof=bemadeupof由......組成consistin/liein在于...Ananimalismadeupof/consistsof/iscomposedofthousandsofcells.Thefilm_made_upof/_composed_of/_consisting_ofthreestoriesamusedtheaudiencegreatly.Hergreatstrengthconsistsin/liesinher_flexibility_.她的強項在于她的靈活變通。deserve(vt.)應(yīng)得;值得deserveattention/consideration/an_explanation__(explain)deservetodosth.值得做；應(yīng)該Havingmadegoodpreparations,hedeservestowinthegame.deservedoing/tobedone/sth.(表被動）類似用法need/require/wantTheflowerneedswatering.Hedeserved_punishing__/_tobepunished_(punish).=Hedeservedpunishment.tear(v.)(--tore--torn)撕,扯tearapart拆散,使心碎 teardown扯下,拆除（建筑物） tearup撕碎,撕毀tearupthefiletearsth.intopieces撕碎 tearsth.inhalf/intohalves/intotwo撕成兩半betornbetweenAandB左右為難=beinadilemma(n.)眼淚bemovedtotears感動流淚intears流著眼淚burstintotears突然大哭=burstoutcryingburstintolaughter/burstoutlaughing4.pleasant(adj.)令人愉快的；友好和善的pleased感到滿意的 please(v.)取悅People

are

very

__pleasantly__(pleasant)

surprised

by

birthdaycards

because

it

is

sosweet

of

someone

tohaveremembered.

I’m_pleased_(please)withthenew__surroundings_(surround).This_composer_(compose)isbrilliantbutdifficult/easy/pleasant_toplease_(please).5.whisper（v./n.）耳語；沙沙響He

hadto

sayitinawhispertoavoid

_beingoverheard_(overhear偷聽)

bynosy多管閑事的

neighbours.

6.dramatic(adj.)①激動人心的，引人注目的；②突然；③戲劇的；④夸張的（adv.）dramatically(n.)drama戲?。粦騽⌒允录akeadramaoutofsth.小題大做As

she

begantodeliver/give/address

her

speech,

a

dramatic

transformation

_occurred_(occur).突然的轉(zhuǎn)變Atspeeds

above

50

mph,

seriousinjuries

increase_dramatically_(dramatic).Heseemedunawareofthedrama_beingput_(put)onatthemoment.7.weep(--wept--wept)(v.)哭泣；流淚Zhuweeps_bitterly_(bitter)overthe_loss_(lose)ofherlove.Upon/on/Theminute/Theinstantseeing一...就...Uponseeingthescene,she_wept_(weep)bittertearofdisappointment.8.overcome（--overcame--overcome）(vt.)受到極大影響；克服，解決；戰(zhàn)勝overcome/getridofthe_addiction_(addict)tosmoking克服煙癮_Overcome_(overcome)withsorrow，shejumpsintohisgrave.sorrow(n.)悲傷sharejoysandsorrowsinlifeexpresssorrowatthenewssorrowfuladj._Abandoning_(abandon)himselftosorrow,theboycouldn’thelp_crying_(cry).transform（v.）變形;改觀;轉(zhuǎn)化o/to...(n.)transformationThemagician_transformedthefroginto_aprince.魔術(shù)師把青蛙變成王子。transfer使轉(zhuǎn)移,搬遷HowcanItransfermoneyfrommybankaccounttohis?Thepatientwastransferredtoanotherhospital.轉(zhuǎn)院transmit傳送;發(fā)射;播送Thebasepickedupthesignalstransmitted_(transmit)fromasatellite.translate--translation翻譯 transplant移植 transport/transportation運輸Thebookissaid__tohavebeentranslated__(translate)intoseveralbine (v.)融合；結(jié)合；合并combine…with/and…(n.)_combination_combinescomfortwithconveniencecombinebusinesswithpleasure勞逸結(jié)合12.relyon=counton=dependon依賴；依靠；信賴relyonsb.todoThesedayswerelyheavilyoncomputers_toget_(get)ourwork_organized_(organize).Youcanrelyon_it(形式賓語）_thatIwillkeepyoursecret.reliable(adj.)可靠的 reliably(adv.) unreliable不可靠的tune(n.)曲調(diào),曲子Thetuneof/tothissongiseasy_toremember__(remember).intune音調(diào)準確 outoftune走調(diào)dancetothetune隨著曲子跳舞Keepintunewithtimes跟上時代潮流;與...和諧/協(xié)調(diào)(vt.)調(diào)音;調(diào)頻道;調(diào)整tuneintosth.收聽/看(電視節(jié)目等)Hisspeechwastunedto_what_theaudiencewantedtohear.專講聽眾愛聽的.14.forgoodmeasure額外 takeeffectivemeasures采取有效措施Thesongsareabouthope—withplentyofhumor_thrown_(throw)inforgoodmeasure.額外贈送Theamountofheatismeasuredincalories.以卡路里衡量Thepond_measuring__(measure)2metersacrossbelongstohim.尺寸達到Atreetreasuring2metersinheightstandsbythebuilding.surroundings(n.)周圍的事物,環(huán)境 (earnings收入/savings存款/property財產(chǎn)/findings發(fā)現(xiàn))surrounding(adj.)inthesurroundingarea surround(v.)besurroundedwith/byThebuilding_towersthesurroundings_.遠高于周邊環(huán)境Shewassittingonthefloor_surrounded_(surround)bybooks.16.guarantee(vt./n.)保證,擔保;保修保證Theair-conditionerisunderguarantee.在質(zhì)保中haveatwo-yearguarantee有兩年保質(zhì)期guaranteesb.sth.=guaranteesth.tosb.//guaranteetodosth.//givesbaguaranteethat…Whocan_guaranteethesafetyofchildrentoherparents_(向她的父母保證孩子的安全)?17.adaptation(n.)改編本；適應(yīng)adapt(v.)①(使…)適應(yīng)adapt(oneself)to(doing)sth.Shesucceededin_adapting__(adapt)(herself)quicklytothenewclimate.②改寫,改編Thenovelwasadapted_into/for_thefilm.=Thefilmisadapted_from_thenovelanadoptedchild.adoptachildadoptmysuggestionadaptable(adj.)能適應(yīng)的,可改編的(adoptv.adoptionn.收養(yǎng)；采納adjust適應(yīng)；調(diào)整)18.defend(vt.)1)辯解defendoneself2)防護defend…against/from…Hehiredalawyertodefendhimagainstthecharges.defence/defense(n.)indefenceof為了保護speakindefenceofhischild19.flow-flowed-flowed(vi./n.)流動；充滿；漲起Harmful/Poisonous_chemicals_(chemical)haveflowedintotheriverinlargequantities.greet(vt.)問候,歡迎,招呼greetsb.withsth.greeting(n.)Thechangesweregreetedwithdoubt.改革受到了懷疑。People

often

greet

each

other,particularly

women,_with_

light

cheek

kisses.

Afterexchangingappropriategreetings,theygotdowntobusiness.干正事21.getdowntodoing=setabout_doing_=setout_todo_開始著手做某事Agroupofartistsgotdownto_choosing_(choose)suitablemusic.22.suitable(adj.)適當?shù)?；適宜的besuitable/suitedforsth./todosth.----unsuitableHeisthesuitablepersonforthejob.Heisqualifiedforthejob.Thefieldissuitableforplantingrice/toplantrice.23.distant(adj.)遙遠的；冷淡的adistantfrienddistance(n.)Therehasbeen(a)greatdistancebetweenthetwoclosefriendssincetheirquarrel.atadistance隔一段距離keepsb.atadistance保持距離,疏遠inthedistance在遠處24.stare(v.)stareatsb.盯著(n.)lookatsb.withacoldstare冷冷地盯著某人Iturnedupthevolumeandstoodstaringattheradio,holdingmybreathandwaitingforthefirstnotesofthesong.25.breath(n.)呼吸;微量,跡象hold/loseone’sbreath;outofbreath;takeadeepbreathHertreatmentofthesubjectwasabreathoffreshair.

她對這話題的處理令人耳目一新。breathe(v.)breathein/outbreathelifeinto注入活力If_breathed_(breathe)in,theycanresultinillnessorevendeath.26.grab(v.)(grabbing,grabbed)吸引;抓住;抓緊grabtheattentionTheyimmediatelygrabbedtheattentionofyoungpeopleandsoontheyouthofthecountrywerebeingsweptalongonwavesofjoyousrockandrollmusicandthehopeforabetterfuture.He

_grabbed_(grab)holdof

meandwouldn'tletgo.

他抓住我不松手。27.sweep(v./n.)(--swept--swept)席卷；打掃；吹走；清除Herushedtogreether,_sweeping_(sweep)hisarmswide.舞動雙臂28.complicated(adj.)復(fù)雜的，難懂的（more/mostcomplicated）近義詞complexThe

biology

of

these

diseases

isterriblycomplicated.

29.accompany(vt.)陪伴;伴隨;伴奏accompanysb.=keepsb.company=keepcompanywithsb.company(un.)陪伴enjoy/appreciateone’scompanycompanion(cn.)伴侶alifecompanionAmanisknownbythe_company_(accompany)hekeeps.觀其友知其人Theywentshoppingincompanywith/inthecompanyofhim.在。。。陪同下30.expectation(n.)預(yù)料,預(yù)期；期望adaptationhavegreat/high/lowexpectationsbeyondallexpectations出乎意料=unexpectedlyliveuptoone’sexpectations不辜負期望Contrarytomyexpectation,hedidn’tobjectto(反對）myplan.與我預(yù)料相反,他未反對我的計劃。expect(v.)expect(sb.)todo;beexpectedtodo;expectsth.fromsb;expecttheretobeanunexpectedguest.不速之客Weexpecthardwork_from_you.=You_areexpected_(expect)toworkhard.Heturnedupas(hewas)/earlierthan_expected_(expect).Theplanetookoffas(itwas)planned.Ilookedback,half_expecting_(expect)toseesomeonefollowingme.31.remarkable(adj.)非凡的，顯著的，引人注目的remarkably(adv.)Shewasa_truly_(true)remarkablewoman.

remark(v./n.)談?wù)搑emarkonsth./sb.commentonsb.makearemark(comment)32.stream(v.)魚貫而行；流動(n.)小溪；（人、車）流streamintoatheatreTearsstreameddownhisface.

33.enthusiastic(adj.)熱情的；熱心的beenthusiastic/wildabout熱衷于enthusiasm(n.)enthusiastically(adv.)breakintoenthusiasticcheersTheactorinspiredthekidswith_enthusiasm_(enthusiastic).34.gifted(adj.)有才華,天賦的begifted/talentedin/at…=haveagift/talentfor…35.reputation(n.)名譽，名聲liveuptoone’sreputation名副其實Bythetimehewasateenager,hehadalreadyenjoyedareputationasawonderfulmusician.enjoy/earnareputation_as_agiftedmusician/forbeinggenerous36.prediction(n.)預(yù)言,預(yù)測predict(v.)predictable,unpredictable(adj.)startmaking_predictions_(predict)abouthisextraordinary(非凡)futureWhathappenednextisimpossible_topredict_(predict).It_ispredicted_(predict)thatthepricewouldcontinuetofall.He

is_unpredictable_(predict),

weeping

onemomentand

laughing

thenext.

37.depress(vt.)使抑郁,沮喪,蕭條,不景氣depression(n.)depressing,depressed(adj.)Women

who

eat

plentyof

fresh

vegetables

arefar

less

likely

to

sufferanxiety

or

_depression_(depress).38.upset(--upset--upset)(adj./vt.)難過;煩惱;使生氣beupsetaboutHisfailuretodothejobupsethisfather.39.possess(vt.)擁有;具有Hedecidedtogiveawayeverythinghepossessed.Hewaschargedwith_possessing_(possess)agunwithoutalicense.

他被控無照持槍。possession(n.)①擁有,占有sb.take/gain/getpossessionofsth.=possesssb.beinpossessionofsth.sth.beinthepossessionofsb…Heisinchargeofthecompany.=Thecompanyisinthechargeoftheperson.Therarestampis_in__the___possession_ofanunknowncollector.=Anunknowncollectoris_in__possession_oftherarestamp.②(C)所有物,財產(chǎn)Afterthefirebrokeout,allhispossessions_weredestroyed_(destroy).40.abandon(vt.)放棄,拋棄,舍棄abandonhope/one’sfamily/theplanabandononeselftodeepsorrow悲傷/despair絕望/theInternet陷入,沉湎于（某種感情）Ifyouabandonyourdreams,youwon’tachievesuccess.若放棄夢想就不會成功。abandoned(adj.)被拋棄的,被遺棄的--同義詞desertedan_abandoned_baby41.desperate(adj.)1)絕望的2)不惜冒險的adesperatecriminal亡命之徒Theymadeadesperateeffort/attempttorescue營救thechild.cometoone’srescue3)極需要的bedesperatefor/todo(eager/anxious)Havingsuffered_(suffer)fromthewarfortoolong,Syriansweredesperateforpeace.4)極嚴重的indesperateneedoffaceadesperateshortageofwaterdesperately（adv.）絕望地,不顧一切地；非常,極其Heisdesperatelybusylately.Hetrieddesperatelytoconvey傳達howurgentthesituationwas.desperation（n.）indesperation拼命地；絕望中42.ease(v.)寬慰；緩解ease/relievethesufferingsofthedying/theconsiderablepressure(n.)容易；舒適livealifeofeasefeelatease感到自在dosth.withease=dosth.easily43.genius(n.)天賦；天才showhisgeniusasacomposerHehasagenius/giftformakingpeoplefeelatease.Einstein

wasa

scientist

who

disliked

_beingcalled_(call)a

genius.

語法講解動詞-ing形式作主語和賓語1.構(gòu)成與特點（主賓不過分：分詞<尤其是過去分詞>不作主語或賓語）動名詞與現(xiàn)在分詞同形，均由動詞原形+ing構(gòu)成。動名詞具有名詞的特征，在句中可以作主語、賓語、表語和定語。同時，動名詞仍保留著動詞的一些特征，可以帶賓語和狀語，并有完成式和被動語態(tài)。動名詞的的各種時態(tài)、語態(tài)變化如下:形式及物動詞不及物動詞主動被動主動一般式doingbeingdonedoing完成式havingdonehavingbeendonehavingdone時態(tài)動名詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞所表示的動作之前，通常要用完成式，否則都用一般式。如：Weareinterestedinplayingchess.Hewaspraisedforhavingfinishedtheworkaheadoftime.I’msorryfornothavingkeptmypromise.語態(tài)若動名詞的邏輯主語是動名詞所表示的動作的對象（即構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系），動名詞用被動語態(tài)。如：Wemustdosomethingtopreventwaterfrombeingpolluted.Irememberhavingbeentoldastory.Hewasafraidofbeingscoldedbytheteacher.2.用法作主語如：例1Talkingisnogood.空談是沒有用的。例2Workingforhimisfun.為他工作很有意思。例3Sittingtherewaspleasant.坐在那里很愉快.注意①由以上例句可知，動名詞作主語時，一般表示一般性、習慣性的動作。作主語的動名詞有時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化，且謂語動詞常用單數(shù)。②動名詞（短語）作主語時，也可用it作形式主語，而把真正的主語（即動名詞）放在后面，有以下結(jié)構(gòu)：(1)Itisnouse(nogood,<great>fun,anewexperience,agreathonour,etc)+doingsth.因此，上述例2就可以改為：It’sfunworkingforhim.(2)Itisgood(nice,useless,interesting,pleasant,tiring,etc)+doing或todosth.如：因此，上述例句3就可以改為：Itwaspleasantsittingthere.又如：Itisuselessspeaking.光說沒有用。(3)Itis

worthwhiledoingsth.如：It’sworthwhiledoingthework.

這項工作值得做。(4)Thereisnowaydoingsth.nosense/point/goodinnothingworsethan=3\*GB3③動名詞作主語時，如果要突出動作的執(zhí)行者，要在動名詞前加上所表動作的邏輯主語，這個邏輯主語通常為名詞所有格或形容詞性物主代詞。如：Theircomingtohelpwasagreatencouragementtous.Mike’sreturningbacktoworkisagreathelptous.作賓語如：Ienjoylisteningtomusic.Heoftenpracticesplayingthepianointheevening.Heisfondofplayingbasketball.Hehasgivenupsmoking.Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?①只能接動名詞作賓語的動詞或短語有：考慮建議盼原諒（consider,suggest/advise,lookforwardto,excuse/pardon）承認推遲沒得想（admit,delay/putoff,fancy）避免錯過繼續(xù)練（avoid,miss,keep/keepon,practise）否認完成就欣賞（deny,finish,enjoy/appreciate）禁止想象才冒險（forbid,imagine,risk）不禁介意準逃亡（can’thelp,mind,allow/permit,escape）難以忍受始反對（can’tstand,setabout,objectto）想要成功堅持忙（feellike,succeedin,stickto/insiston,bebusy）習慣放棄有困難（beused/accustomedto,giveup,havedifficulty/trouble/problems<in>）導致專心防道款（leadto,devoteto,prevent/stop/keepsb/sthfrom,apologizefor）besurprisedat對……感到驚訝beproudof以……為驕傲beafraidof害怕……=2\*GB3②后接動名詞、不定式均可，且意義相同的動詞或短語有：like,love,dislike,hate,begin/start,continue,prefer,can’tbear/endure（無法忍受）,cease（停止）,etc.=3\*GB3③某些及物動詞后，可加動名詞（doing）也可用動詞不定式（todo）作賓語，但意義不同。如：rememberdoingremembertodoforgetdoingforgettodoregretdoing后悔做過某事regrettodo遺憾去做某事meandoing意