2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語Module6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorldSectionⅡOtherpartsoftheModule學(xué)案含解析外研版必修4

PAGEModule6UnexplainedMysteriesoftheNatureWorldeq\o(\s\up7(SectionⅡ),\s\do5())eq\o(\s\up7(OtherpartsoftheModule),\s\do5())Ⅰ.重點(diǎn)單詞1．disappearvi.消逝2．a(chǎn)daptvi.適應(yīng)，適合3．evolvevi.進(jìn)化，演化4．fierceadj.猛烈的，殘暴的5．destructionn．毀壞6．generousadj.心地高尚的7．unpredictableadj.改變莫測(cè)的8．extinctadj.滅亡的9．survivev．幸免于難10．climaten．氣候11．symboln．象征12．reputationn．名譽(yù)，名聲13．identityn．身份，特性14．indicatevt.象征，示意15．positiveadj.正面的16．bordern．邊疆17．fortunen．運(yùn)氣，財(cái)寶Ⅱ.重點(diǎn)短語1．berelatedto與……有關(guān)2．dieout滅亡3．cutoff隔離，使隔絕；切斷4．throwlighton幫助弄清晰；闡明某事5．comestraighttothepoint談?wù)}；開宗明義6．a(chǎn)lmostovernight快速地7．gofor選擇；適用于；努力獲得8．quitesomething非同尋常9．beconnectedto/with與……有關(guān)10．a(chǎn)ccordingto依據(jù)11．dueto由于12．plentyof很多13．makeup編造，彌補(bǔ)，構(gòu)成1．disappearvi.不見；消逝Themoondisappearedbehindtheclouds.月亮消逝在云后面。Lisawatcheduntilthetraindisappearedfromview.莉薩始終看著火車從視線中消逝。appearvi.出現(xiàn)disappear是短暫性動(dòng)詞，不能與表示一段時(shí)間的時(shí)間狀語連用。Hedisappeared(appear)inthecrowdandIcouldn'tseehim.2．a(chǎn)daptv．(使)適應(yīng)；(使)適合；修改；改編；改寫Wequicklyadaptedtothecoldweather.我們很快適應(yīng)了寒冷的天氣。HeadaptedhimselftohisnewlifeafterhewenttoEngland.他去英國后，使自己適應(yīng)了新生活。Theboysadaptedtheoldcastletoaclub.孩子們將這個(gè)古老的城堡改造成一個(gè)俱樂部。Theauthorisgoingtoadapthisplayfortelevision.作者準(zhǔn)備把他的劇本改編成電視劇。adapttosth.適應(yīng)某事物adaptoneselftosth.使自己適應(yīng)某事物adaptfrom依據(jù)……改編adaptationn．改編；適應(yīng)①Thetwopandasadaptedtothenewplaceverysoon.②ThisfilmwasadaptedfromastorybyLuXun.3．generousadj.有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的Hewasgeneroustoeverybody.他對(duì)每個(gè)人都大方。I'dliketothankSimon,who'sbeenverygenerouswithhistime.我要感謝西蒙，他特別慷慨地投入了很多時(shí)間。[熟詞]generate生；發(fā)(電)→[詞根]gener生→[生詞]generous[gener(誕生)＋-ous：原義：“出身名門的”]begenerouseq\b\lc\{\rc\(\a\vs4\al\co1(tosb.對(duì)人寬容/大方,withsth.用錢等大方))generous與修飾人的形容詞clever,stupid,smart,foolish,kind等用法一樣，常與of一起構(gòu)成不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)；而difficult，necessary,important,possible等表示事物特征的形容詞則與for一起構(gòu)成不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。Itisgenerousofyoutolendmeit.(＝Y(jié)ouaregeneroustolendmeit.)你把它借給了我，真是慷慨。It'sdifficultforyoutodoso.(不能說Youaredifficulttodoso.)這樣做對(duì)你來說很難。It'sgenerousofhertohelpme.4．reputationn．[U，C]名譽(yù)；名聲Hehasagoodreputationasadoctor.作為醫(yī)生他博得了好名聲。Hesoonwonareputationasafirst-classcook.他很快就獲得了一級(jí)廚師的榮譽(yù)。Itisdifficulttoliveuptoone'sreputationsincemanusuallygetsproudafterwinningit.要不負(fù)盛名很困難，因?yàn)槿藗兺诔雒缶蜁?huì)變得高傲。haveareputationfor/as為/作為……而出名氣win(a)reputation獲得名譽(yù)liveuptoone'sreputation不負(fù)盛名；行為與聲望相符Hehasagoodreputationforhelpingthepoor.5．positiveadj.正面的；主動(dòng)的Theteachertriedtomakepositivesuggestions.老師努力提出正面的建議。You'vegottobemorepositiveaboutyourwork.你必需更主動(dòng)地對(duì)待自己的工作。negativeadj.反面的；消極的Theircriticismwasnotnegative.他們的指責(zé)并不是負(fù)面的。Ithinkitalsohassomenegativeeffectsonourlife.我覺得它對(duì)我們的生活也會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些消極影響。Thebadweatherhasanegativeeffectonthegrowthofthecrops.6．identityn．[C，U]身份；特性Thepolicearetryingtofindouttheidentityofthemankilledintheaccident.警方正在設(shè)法查明事故中死者的身份。Hisdrivinglicenseshowedhisidentity.他的駕駛執(zhí)照表明白他的身份。Hehasnosenseofhisownidentity.他缺乏自我意識(shí)。identity的根義是“與……的同一性”，可由其根義記憶其多義：(a)Hehadlosthisidentitycard.他遺失了身份證。[與他本身(如姓名、年齡、職業(yè)等)同一的卡→他的身份證](b)Shewasaskedtofillinaformabouttheidentityofherlostbag.她被要求填表寫明她遺失的提包的特點(diǎn)。[與她的提包(如顏色、大小等)的同一性→她的提包的特點(diǎn)]identifyv．使……等同于；鑒別出Ican'tidentify(identity)themaninthepicture.7．fortunen．[U，C]運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn)；財(cái)寶Ihadthegoodfortunetoworkwithabrilliantheadofdepartment.我有幸與一位精彩的部門主管共事。Hehadhisfortunetold.他請(qǐng)人替他算過命。Manypeoplewenttocitiestomaketheirfortunes.為了發(fā)財(cái)，很多人都去了城里。HewenttoNewYorktoseekhisfortune.他前往紐約找尋財(cái)運(yùn)。makeone's/afortune賺錢；發(fā)財(cái)seekone'sfortune找尋致富之路fortunateadj.幸運(yùn)的；祥瑞的He'sfortunateinhavingagoodjob,sincebusinessisbadnowadays.他有一份好工作真幸運(yùn)，因?yàn)榻鼇砩獠缓米?。①Fortunately(fortunate)forhim,hepassedtheexam.②Aftergraduation,hewenttoJapanto_try(try)hisfortune.8．indicate表明；示意；象征Heindicatedhiswillingnesswithanodofhishead.他點(diǎn)頭表示情愿。Dreamscanhelpindicateyourtruefeelings.夢(mèng)能代表你的真實(shí)情感。indicationn．表明；象征；示意indicativeadj.指示的；示意的indicatorn．指示信號(hào)；標(biāo)記；跡象Thereappearedarainbow,indicating(indicate)fineweatherthenextday.1．Everyyearthousandsofpeopleleavetheirhomelandtoseektheirfortuneabroad.解析：句意：每年都有成千上萬的人離開他們的祖國到國外去找尋財(cái)運(yùn)。seekone'sfortune“找尋致富之路”，為固定搭配。2．Hemadea/hisfortunebysellinghishouseinBeijing.解析：句意：賣掉北京的房子，他賺了一大筆錢。makea/one'sfortune“賺錢；發(fā)財(cái)”。3．Thoughthesituationisratherserious,theleadersarestillpositiveaboutglobaleconomy.解析：句意：雖然形勢(shì)相當(dāng)嚴(yán)峻，但是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者們?nèi)詫?duì)全球經(jīng)濟(jì)持樂觀看法。由though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句和前半句中的serious可知，用positive“正面的；主動(dòng)的”。4．Wehavebeenlivingahardlife.Therefore,weneedtotakepositivemeasurestoimprovethesituationoffamiliesinpoverty.解析：句意：我們始終過著艱難的生活，因此，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)實(shí)行主動(dòng)的措施，改善貧困家庭的狀況。positive“正面的；主動(dòng)的”。5．Thepolicearelookingintotheidentity(identify)ofthedeadman.解析：句意：警察正在調(diào)查死者的身份。identity“身份；特性”。6．BillGatesissogenerous(generously)thathegaveawaymostofhismoneytothecharitywhenheretired.解析：句意：比爾·蓋茨特別慷慨，他退休時(shí)，把自己的大部分錢都捐給了慈善事業(yè)。generous“慷慨的；大方的”。7．Philipswasverygeneroustootherswithmoney.解析：句意：菲利普斯在金錢上對(duì)別人很慷慨。begeneroustosb.withsth.意為“在某方面對(duì)某人慷慨大方”，為固定搭配。8．Becauseofagoodacademicreputationandalonghistory,Oxford解析：句意：因?yàn)榱己玫膶W(xué)術(shù)聲譽(yù)及悠久的歷史，牛津高校每年吸引很多來自其他國家的學(xué)生。reputation“名譽(yù)；名聲”。9．Mywallethasdisappeared(disappear)fromthetable.Haveyouseenit?解析：句意：我放在桌子上的錢包不見了，你看到了嗎？disappear“不見；消逝”。10．Thesunrises,andthesnowwilldisappearsoon.解析：句意：太陽升起來，雪不久就會(huì)消逝。disappear“不見；消逝”。11．Toherparents'delight,sheadapted(adapt)herselftocampuslifeamonthafterenteringcollege.解析：句意：令她父母興奮的是，她進(jìn)高校一個(gè)月后就適應(yīng)了校內(nèi)生活。adapt“(使)適應(yīng)”，adaptoneselftosth.“使自己適應(yīng)……”。12．Thechildrenhaveadaptedwelltothelifeinthecountry.解析：句意：孩子們對(duì)鄉(xiāng)間的生活適應(yīng)得很好。adapt“適應(yīng)”，通常與介詞to連用。13．Thedarkcloudsaregathering，indicating(indicate)it'sgoingtorainsoon.解析：indicate預(yù)示，用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。句意：烏云在聚集，這意味著立刻要下雨。1．dieout滅亡；(風(fēng)俗、習(xí)慣等)漸漸消逝；熄滅Theseanimalshavealreadydiedout.這些動(dòng)物已經(jīng)滅亡。Manyoldcustomsinthiscountryaredyingout.這個(gè)國家的很多舊習(xí)俗正在日漸消逝。Thefirediedoutinhalfanhour.半小時(shí)后火就熄滅了。dieaway減弱；淡化diedown變?nèi)?；平靜；消逝dieoff相繼死去①Thesoundoftheirlaughterdiedaway.②Wemustdosomethingtopreventsomerareanimalsfromdyingout.③Itwascoldintheroom,becausethefirewasdyingdown.2．throwlighton/upon幫助弄清晰；闡明某事Recentresearchhasthrownlightonthecauseofthedisease.最近的探討幫助人們弄清晰了這種疾病的起因。Themodernscientificdevelopmenthasthrownlightonthisquestion.現(xiàn)代科學(xué)的發(fā)展已使這個(gè)問題明朗化。TheinformationthrowslightuponthemysteryofDrBake.這個(gè)信息可以解開貝克醫(yī)生之謎。Thereportthrewlighton/uponthecauseoftheexplosion.3．comestraighttothepoint談?wù)}；開宗明義I'llcomestraighttothepoint—weneedmoremoney.我就直說吧——我們須要更多的錢。I'minahurry,socomestraighttothepoint.我趕時(shí)間，直截了當(dāng)?shù)卣f出來吧。tothepoint切題；中肯offthepoint離題Thereisnopointindoingsth.做某事沒有意義。What'sthepointofdoingsth.?做某事的意義是什么？That'sthepoint.那才是問題所在。beonthepointofdoing...when...正在做……這時(shí)候……①Thereislittletimeleftforyou,soyou'dbettercomestraighttothepoint.②Thereisnopointintalkingwithhim,forhewon'tlistentoyou.③What'sthepointofhelpingthosewhoarenotworkinghard?4．dueto由于；因……造成Hersuccessisduetoherhardwork.她的勝利歸因于她的勤奮。Thefailureofthenewplanwasduetobadmanagement.新安排的失敗是由于管理不善。Mostoftheproblemswereduetohumanerror.多數(shù)問題都是人為錯(cuò)誤造成的。dueto不行位于句首，假如須放在句首表示緣由，要用becauseof或owingto來代替。Someareas,duetotheirbadclimates,areimpossibleforpeopletolivein.5．cutoff切掉；剪掉；切斷；中斷；隔絕Sheisgoingtocutoffherlonghair.她準(zhǔn)備剪掉長發(fā)。Theycutofftheelectricitytoday.他們今日把電停了。Thefloodshavecutoffoursupplies.洪水切斷了我們的供應(yīng)。Wewerecutoffhalfwaythroughtheconversation.我們正談到一半，電話線路中斷了。Wehavecutofftheenemy'sretreat.我們已切斷了敵人的退路。cutoff，cutdown，cutin與cutup這四個(gè)短語的區(qū)分在于意思。cutoff意為“隔絕；砍去”；cutdown意為“砍倒；削減”；cutin意為“插嘴”；cutup意為“切碎”。Sheclosedthewindowandcutnoiseoff.她關(guān)上窗子，隔斷了噪音。Shefeelsverycutofflivinginthecountry.她感到生活在鄉(xiāng)間很閉塞。Inthepastmanytreeswerecutdowninourarea，andgoodfarmlandturnedintodesert.在過去我們這里砍倒了很多樹，很多良田變成了沙漠。Duringthespeechalistenerkeptcuttingin.在演講中一個(gè)聽眾不斷地插嘴。Hecutthepieceofmeatupandbegantoeat.他把肉切碎起先吃起來。Thewatersupplywascutoffduetothesnowstorm.6．berelatedto和……有關(guān)系/聯(lián)系Thisfactisrelatedtothatone.這個(gè)事實(shí)與那個(gè)事實(shí)是相互聯(lián)系的。TheDutchlanguageiscloselyrelatedtoGerman.荷蘭語同德語有著親密的關(guān)系。Shesaysthatsheisrelatedtotheroyalfamily.她說她與王室有親戚關(guān)系。①relateto理解；認(rèn)同；觀賞；涉及；與……有關(guān)Someadultscan'trelatetotheirchildren.有些成年人不理解他們孩子的想法。Ican'trelatetothatkindofdance.我可觀賞不了那種舞蹈。Doesthenewlawrelateonlytomarriage?新法規(guī)是否只涉及婚姻問題？Thisparagraphrelatestotheinternationalsituation.這一段與國際形勢(shì)有關(guān)。②relate...to把……與……聯(lián)系起來Ican'trelatewhathedoestowhathesays.我沒法把他所做的和所說的聯(lián)系起來。Wemustrelatetheresulttothecause.我們必需把結(jié)果與緣由聯(lián)系起來。Sheisrelatedtothisincident.7．gofor選擇，拿Whenyouofferhimsweetshealwaysgoesforthebiggestone.當(dāng)你給他糖果時(shí)，他常常拿最大的。gofor抨擊，指責(zé)；喜愛，被某物吸引，有利于gofornothing白費(fèi)，毫無用處Thespeakerwentforhisopponent.演講者攻擊對(duì)手。Doyougoformodernmusic?你喜愛現(xiàn)代音樂嗎？Allmyhardworkwentfornothing.我的一切努力都白費(fèi)了。Thefineweatherwentforthecrops.1．Theaccidentwasduetothecarelessnessoftheworkers.解析：句意：這次事故是由于工人們的馬虎大意造成的。dueto“由于；因……造成”，表示緣由。2．Dora'sapplicationtothatuniversitywasnotacceptedduetoherpoorEnglish.解析：句意：由于朵拉的英語不好，她去那所高校的申請(qǐng)被拒絕了。dueto“由于”。3．Jackthrewlighton/uponhisprobleminmaths,andIhelpedhimout.解析：句意：杰克闡明白他在數(shù)學(xué)上的問題，我?guī)退鉀Q了。throwlighton/upon“闡明某事”，是固定搭配。4．—Iwanttotellyousomething,pleasegetprepared.—Ifyou'vegotthenews，comestraighttothepoint.Imustleaveinfiveminutes.解析：句意：“我想告知你件事，請(qǐng)做好準(zhǔn)備?！薄凹偃缒愕玫搅讼?，請(qǐng)直截了當(dāng)?shù)貙?duì)我說。我5分鐘之后就得離開?！眂omestraighttothepoint“談?wù)}；開宗明義”。5．Ifwedon'ttakemeasures,theTibetanantelopesandpandaswilldieoutsomedayjustlikedinosaur,whichisterrible.解析：句意：假如我們不實(shí)行措施，藏羚羊和熊貓總有一天就會(huì)像恐龍那樣滅亡，這太恐怖了。dieout“滅亡；漸漸消逝”。6．Withtheelectricitycutoff，ourroomwasdark.解析：cutoff切斷。句意：電被切斷，我們的房間漆黑一片。7．Thepeoplerelated(relate)tothiscasewasquestionedbythepolice.解析：relatedto與……有關(guān)的，在句中作定語。8．—WhereisMary?—She'sjustgoneforabook.解析：句意：——瑪麗去哪兒了？——她剛剛?cè)ツ靡槐緯?。gofor“去拿”。1．TheveryfirsttextinEnglish,theAnglo-SaxonpoemBeowulf,tellsthestoryofaScandinavianhero,Beowulf,whofightsandkillsadangerousdragonbutishimselfkilledinthefight.第一部英語文學(xué)作品，盎格魯·撒克遜長詩《貝奧武夫》，講解并描述了一個(gè)斯堪的納維亞英雄貝奧武夫與一條危急的惡龍搏斗并同歸于盡的故事。句中very為形容詞，一般與the連用，也可與其他相當(dāng)于the的限定詞如my，your等連用，起到加強(qiáng)語氣的作用，意為“正是；就是；恰好；極其”等。YouaretheverymanIamlookingfor.你正是我在找尋的人。ItistheverybikeIlostlastyear.這正是我去年丟失的自行車。在定語從句中，very修飾指物的先行詞時(shí)，定語從句的關(guān)系代詞用that，而不用which。Thisistheverydictionarythatisofgreathelp.這就是那本很有用的詞典。It'stheverybookthatIamlookingfor.這正是我在找的書。Thisistheverymanhewantstosee.2．However，acrosstheborderinWales，thereddragonwhichappearsontheWelshflagisapositivesymbol，indicatingstrengthandasenseofnationalidentity.然而，越過威爾士邊界，出現(xiàn)在威爾士旗幟上的紅色的龍是主動(dòng)的象征——象征著力氣和民族認(rèn)同感。(1)在本句中，indicatingstrengthandasenseofnationalidentity是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，對(duì)主語起補(bǔ)充說明的作用。Thegirllefttheclassroom，crying.那個(gè)女孩哭著離開了教室。Hestayeduplastnight，preparingalongreportforhismanager.他昨天晚上熬夜給他的經(jīng)理準(zhǔn)備一篇長篇報(bào)告。Hesatonthesofa,reading(read)．3．Whyshouldthedragonhaveadifferentcharacterindifferentpartsoftheworld?為什么龍?jiān)谑澜绺鞯鼐谷挥胁煌奶攸c(diǎn)呢？should是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，在此處意為“竟然”，常常與why，how，who等詞連用，表示感覺到意外或驚異。HowshouldIknow?我怎么會(huì)知道呢？Whyshouldyoubesolatetoday?你今日為什么這么晚？WhenIwentout，whomshouldImeetbutouroldfriendMike!當(dāng)我外出時(shí)，想不到竟然會(huì)碰見我們的老摯友邁克！Whyshouldhethinkthat?他怎么會(huì)那樣想呢？①shouldhavedone表示原本應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事但事實(shí)上沒有做。Youshouldhavetoldmethenewsearlier.你本應(yīng)當(dāng)早點(diǎn)把這個(gè)消息告知我。Weshouldhavebookedinadvance.我們本應(yīng)當(dāng)事先預(yù)定。②shouldn'thavedone表示本不應(yīng)當(dāng)做某事但事實(shí)上做了。Youshouldn'thaveleftthebabyaloneathome.你本不應(yīng)當(dāng)把嬰兒?jiǎn)为?dú)留在家里。Heshouldn'thavetreatedhisparentslikethat.他本不應(yīng)當(dāng)那樣對(duì)待他的父母。Ifitshouldrain,Iwouldstayathome.1．ThisistheveryroomthatIsleptinthatevening.解析：將先行詞ther