2025年高二英語寒假銜接（外研版）專題6.完形填空（學(xué)生版）

完形填空解題技巧一．設(shè)題規(guī)律(1)設(shè)空詞類主要是五類詞：名詞、動詞、形容詞、副詞和介詞短語。多數(shù)情況下，名詞和動詞考查的數(shù)量較多。(2)高考完形填空在選項的設(shè)置上，打破了傳統(tǒng)的四個選項類別一致的命題規(guī)律。如2016年10月浙江高考完形填空第37題和第48題的四個選項均有兩個動詞及兩個動詞短語構(gòu)成。(3)考查考生在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上對詞匯知識的掌握情況，突出在語篇中對詞匯的綜合運用能力。不涉及或極少涉及單純的語法知識、習(xí)慣用法和句型結(jié)構(gòu)。備考時考生應(yīng)把握考查方向，加強語篇意識，從宏觀和微觀兩個層面解讀文章，理清文章脈絡(luò)。平時考生還應(yīng)注重對?？俭w裁、題材的訓(xùn)練。二．解題技巧1．利用詞語復(fù)現(xiàn)解題在完形填空題目中，語篇復(fù)現(xiàn)的信息包括原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)、同義/近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)和同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)等?？忌恍枰龀鐾评砼袛?，利用上下文的復(fù)現(xiàn)信息，就能輕松確定正確答案。(1)原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：在上下文中同一詞匯反復(fù)出現(xiàn)WhenmysonGenewasabout12yearsold,Istartedhelpinghimlearnto36(work).Iboughttwentychickensandaskedhimto37(takecareof)them.Itoldhimthattheywouldbehisownchickensandwewould38(buy)theeggsfromhim.However,hewouldhavetobuychicken__39__withthemoneyhemadefromtheeggs.Whatevermoneywas40(leftover)wouldbehistokeep.Genewas41(thrilled),_thinkinghewouldmakehisfirst42(fortune)．Afterseveralweeks'successfulwork,Ibeganto43(notice)thateggproductionwasgoingdown.I44(said)nothingaboutit.Thenonenight,Genetoldmehedidn'thave45(enough)moneytobuythefeed.39．A.nest B．soupC．meat D．feed分析：本題可以利用原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。根據(jù)第45空后“tobuythefeed”，可知Gene賣雞蛋掙的錢要用來買飼料，故選D。(2)同義/近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：意思相同、相近的表達方式，或者解釋性的語言復(fù)現(xiàn)Whilehighschooldoesnotgenerallyencouragestudentstoexplorenewaspectsoflife，collegesetsthestageforthatexploration.Imyselfwentthroughthis__41__processandfoundsomethingthathaschangedmy42(experience)atcollegeforthebetter:IdiscoveredASL—AmericanSignLanguage(美式手語)．41．A.searching B．planningC．natural D．formal分析：本題可以利用近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。第41空是上文“explore”的近義詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選A。(3)同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)：詞形變化的詞匯復(fù)現(xiàn)ItwasacoldJanuaryin1925inNome,Alaska.Thetownwascutofffromtherestoftheworldduetoheavysnow.Onthe20thofthatmonth,Dr.Welch36(examined)asickboy,Billy,andknewhehaddiphtheria,adeadlyinfectious(傳染的)diseasemainlyaffectingchildren.ThechildrenofNomewouldbe37(helpless)ifitstruckthetown.Dr.Welchneededmedicineassoonaspossibletostopotherkidsfromgettingsick.38(However),_theclosestsupplywasover1,000milesaway,inAnchorage.HowcouldthemedicinegettoNome?Thetown's39(harbor)wasalreadyfullofice,soitcouldn'tcomebyship.Carsandhorsescouldn'ttravelonthe__40__roads.40．A.narrow B．snowyC．busy D．dirty分析：本題可以利用同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)解題。根據(jù)第一段可知，大雪覆蓋了道路，汽車和馬都不能通行，空處與首段最后一個單詞snow是同根詞復(fù)現(xiàn)，故選B。2．利用詞語同現(xiàn)解題某些語義相關(guān)聯(lián)的詞語在語篇中有同時出現(xiàn)的傾向性，叫詞語同現(xiàn)。同現(xiàn)詞之間有反義或相對關(guān)系，或者同類互補關(guān)系等。如ill,hospital,doctor,nurse,operation,medicine等一群相互關(guān)聯(lián)的詞語就有同時出現(xiàn)在一個語篇中的可能性。根據(jù)這種“同現(xiàn)”關(guān)系可確定某一空格的答案。LarryworkswithTransportDrivers,Inc.Onemorningin2009.Larrywas__41__along165northafterdeliveringtooneofhis42(customers).Suddenly,hesawacarwithitsbrightlightson.41．A.walking B．touringC．traveling D．rushing分析：此題屬詞語同現(xiàn)。最有可能與driver(司機)，transport(運輸)，delivering(運載)等詞同現(xiàn)的應(yīng)當(dāng)是“行駛(traveling)”，walking和rushing表示人行進，不是機動車行進，touring表示“旅行”，故選C。3．利用邏輯關(guān)系解題(1)利用邏輯關(guān)系語解題邏輯關(guān)系語指表示各種邏輯意義的連接成分，主要有：①詞(包括連詞、副詞和少數(shù)介詞)，如and,but,or,because,though,however,yet,therefore,otherwise,despite等。②短語，如inotherwords,inaddition,asaresult,onthecontrary,insteadof等。③分句和獨立結(jié)構(gòu)，如thatistosay,whatismore,generallyspeaking等。在解題時要充分利用這些邏輯關(guān)系語，找到與文中某些詞、短語有密切關(guān)系的選項。Aliaknewthatifthebooksweretobesafe,theymustbe__53__againwhilethecitywas54(quiet).Soshehiredatrucktobringallthebookstothehousesoffriendsinthesuburbs(郊區(qū))．53．A.sold B．readC．saved D．moved分析：根據(jù)后面的邏輯關(guān)系語“So”和“shehiredatrucktobringallthebookstothehousesoffriendsinthesuburbs”可知，她決定趁城市平靜的時候，再次轉(zhuǎn)移這些圖書，故選D。(2)利用上下文暗示解題在完形填空選項的設(shè)置上多考查考生通過上下文的前后提示或暗示，對整體文意進行把握的能力。因此，在做題時要有全局觀念，進行連貫性思維，要把每個空白處的含義與前后句的意思聯(lián)系起來理解，進行合乎邏輯的推理判斷。開頭的題目需要從下文查找信息；中間或最后的題目需要從上下文查找信息，信息常見的有單個的詞、短語、句子，但有時是語境暗示。Aniswhoownedarestaurant__46__tohidesomebooks.Allthroughthe47(night),_Alia,Anis,hisbrothersandneighbourstookthebooksfromthelibrary,48(passed)themovertheseven-footwalland49(hid)themintherestaurant.46．A.intended B．pretendedC．happened D．a(chǎn)greed分析：根據(jù)下文語境可知，他們在夜里轉(zhuǎn)移圖書，由此可知，Alia的朋友Anis同意把圖書藏在他的飯店里，故選D。4．利用背景常識解題完形填空題所選的文章大都貼近考生生活?？忌诮忸}時，可以將相關(guān)信息和我們原有的生活經(jīng)驗、文化背景知識，以及科普常識等結(jié)合起來，進行簡單推理，從而得出正確答案。事實上，該技巧與“邏輯推斷”常常交織在一起，因為雖有背景常識，但仍需簡單推理；邏輯推理離不開背景常識。Oncefireandemergencypeoplearrived,Larryandtheotherman__56__andletthemgotowork.Then,Larryaskedthe57(police)ifhewasneededor58(free)togo.Theylethimandtheothermango.56．A.steppedforward B．backedoffC．movedon D．setout分析：消防人員和救援人員一到，Larry和那位司機就退到后邊讓他們工作了起來。根據(jù)常識，緊急救援需要專業(yè)人員處理其他人員應(yīng)該退后。stepforward“往前走”；backoff“往后退”；moveon“繼續(xù)往前”；setout“出發(fā)，動身”。故選B。5．利用首尾呼應(yīng)關(guān)系解題記敘文類的完形填空在很多情況下不僅僅是在講一個故事，而是要通過故事來升華主題，而升華的內(nèi)容往往在文章結(jié)尾處，與首段內(nèi)容形成首尾呼應(yīng)關(guān)系。因此，我們做題不是只看到最后一空，而是要看到最后一個詞，而且要學(xué)會“回頭看”(重點看首段)。不要因我們過早地放松，忽略了首尾呼應(yīng)關(guān)系，在最后一兩道題上留下遺憾。HannahTaylorisaschoolgirlfromManitoba,Canada.Oneday,whenshewasfiveyearsold,shewaswalkingwithhermotherindowntownWinnipeg.Theysawaman36(eating)outofagarbagecan.Sheaskedhermotherwhyhedidthat,andhermothersaidthatthemanwashomelessandhungry.Hannahwasvery37(upset)．Shecouldn'tunderstandwhysomepeoplehadtolivetheirliveswithoutshelterorenoughfood.Hannahstartedtothinkabouthowshecould38(help),_but,ofcourse,thereisnotalotonefive-year-oldcandotosolve(解決)theproblemofhomelessness....Hannahisoneofmanyexamplesofyoungpeoplewhoaremakinga__55__intheworld.Youcan,too!55．A.choice B．profitC．judgement D．difference分析：本題可以利用首尾呼應(yīng)關(guān)系解題。文章首段講到漢納在五歲時看到無家可歸的人在垃圾箱里撿東西吃，她很難過。通過首段尾句“Hannahstartedto...tosolve(解決)theproblemofhomelessness.”可知她很想幫助這些人。而末段“Hannahis...whoaremakinga__55__intheworld.Youcan,too！”這句話與首段呼應(yīng)。根據(jù)文章可知，漢納的做法是眾多年輕人中的一個例子，通過她的努力對這個世界有不小的影響。makeadifference為固定短語，意思是“有影響，起作用”，故選D項。6．利用文章發(fā)展脈絡(luò)解題我們主張在做完形填空的時候要合理想象，其實就是合理思考和推理，不能“胡思亂想”，應(yīng)“隨文應(yīng)變”，不可“一意孤行”，要隨著文段發(fā)展脈絡(luò)，調(diào)整預(yù)測偏差。The46(story)beganduringmyfirstweekatcollege.IwatchedastheASLClub47(performed)theirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandthevery48(idea)ofcommunicatingwithoutspeaking49(attracted)me.WhatIsawwascompletelyunlikeanythingIhadexperiencedinthe50(past)．Thisnewnessjustleftme51(wanting)more.Afterthat,feelingtheneedto__52__further,IdecidedtodropinononeofASLclub'smeetings.Ionlylearnedhowto53(sign)thealphabetthatday.Yetinsteadofbeingdiscouragedbymy54(slow)progress,Iwasexcited.Ithenmadeitapointto55(attend)thosemeetingsandlearnallIcould.52．A.exercise B．exploreC．express D．explain分析：本題可以利用文章發(fā)展脈絡(luò)解題。所節(jié)選部分文章發(fā)展脈絡(luò)為：大學(xué)第一周我觀看了美式手語俱樂部的表演→我被表演所吸引→我想進一步學(xué)習(xí)更多手語方面的知識→我參加俱樂部的會議。根據(jù)文章發(fā)展脈絡(luò)可知，第52題是在作者觀看了美式手語俱樂部的表演后感受到了進一步“探索”(explore)的必要，故答案為B項。一閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Irememberlookingouttheblurred(模糊的)icywindowsawmysonimprintinghislittle____21____intheclean,whitesnow.Idecidedtostepouttofeelthe____22____,coldair.Thefreezingrainmadethetreebranchessparklelikeglassandblurredthewindowsfrombeing____23____byice.Afewminutesgoingby,hisredjacketslowlydisappearedinthe____24____.Notknowingwhyhewantedtogooutinthisweather,Ilethimout____25____.Iwantedhimtoexperiencehis____26____,alongwithfeelingplayinginthesnow,____27____Ididn'tlethimoutoften.Yes,I'ma____28____overprotectivemom.Idecidedto____29____andallowmysontolivehisownlife.Hehadfriendsto____30____himbutIstillworriedabouthim.Whatifhe____31____andfell?Whatifhewasbleeding?OhGod,whydidIlethimgooutwithoutme?Ilayonthecouchthinkingofalltheendless____32____thatsomethingwronghappened.WhywasIso____33____?Ihopemysonwasn'tlikethat.Afteranhourpassedby,mysonfinallycamehome,perfectlysafeand____34____.Hardlyanyonetouchedahaironmylittleboy'sheadHewasthetypeto____35____hisfoodandtoys,andjustbesuperfriendly;itwasmyfavoritepartabouthim.Hewasjustthecutest,caringboyever.21.A.figure B.footprints C.shadow D.mark22.A.damp B.thick C.faint D.fresh23.A.pressed B.printed C.covered D.blown24.A.distance B.darkness C.sidewalk D.sunlight25.A.anyway B.instead C.somehow D.otherwise26.A.education B.hardship C.freedom D.childhood27.A.when B.after C.until D.since28.A.simply B.pretty C.sharp D.deeply29.A.giveup B.makeit C.letgo D.getaway30.A.support B.accompany C.comfort D.appreciate31.A.lost B.hurt C.cried D.slipped32.A.consequences B.difficulties C.possibilities D.explanations33.A.annoyed B.pessimistic C.frustrated D.desperate34.A.natural B.calm C.brave D.sound35.A.share B.make C.enjoy D.treasure二閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Kipp'sbeenworkingasaUPSdeliverymanfor28years.He___21___whathedoes.“It'snotmerelyajob.It'sanextensionofmylife,”hesays.WiththeCOVID-19keepingsomanyathome,thedemandfor___22___hasskyrocketed,givingKippopportunitiestomakeevenstrongerrelationshipswiththoseonhisroute.Kippmakesfrequent___23___atthehomeofMax,a14-year-oldboywithautism(自閉癥)who___24___thevisitsfromKippandseesKippashishero.Forseveralyears,Maxhasalways___25___forHalloweenasaUPSdeliveryman.Andasthe2020Halloweenapproached,Kipphadadeep___26___togiveaspecialsurprisetohisbiggest___27___!HeshowedupatMax'shousewithabigbox,inwhichwereallkindsofUPSbrandedgear(裝備):a(n)___28___uniform,ahat,avest,glovesandMax'sveryowntoyUPStruck.“MaxwantstobeaUPSman,sowhynotjust___29___him?”Kippsays.The____30____fromoverjoyedMaxwaspriceless.Hewassmilingfromeartoear,whichis____31____fortheboywithautism.Peopledon'talways____32____thosewhoprocesstheworlddifferently.SoMax'sfamilyisgratefulforthetimeKipp____33____takesoutofhisdayto____34____withMax.“Kipp'sthoughtfulnessmeanstheworldtomyson,”Max'smothersaid.Howeversmall,anyactofkindnesscanhaveahugeimpact.Sonever____35____thedifferenceyoucanmake.21.A.keepstrackof B.playssafewith C.hasenoughof D.takespridein22.A.examinations B.deliveries C.treatments D.appointments23.A.requests B.surveys C.stops D.encounters24.A.rejects B.treasures C.imagines D.ignores25.A.dressedup B.triedout C.stayedup D.shownoff26.A.need B.mood C.desire D.concern27.A.friend B.patient C.customer D.fan28.A.newly-invented B.specially-made C.old-fashioned D.high-priced29.A.convince B.appreciate C.recommend D.encourage30.A.reaction B.impression C.memory D.curiosity31.A.rare B.funny C.common D.impossible32.A.forgive B.remind C.accept D.identify33.A.occasionally B.eventually C.gradually D.regularly34.A.discuss B.cooperate C.interact D.compete35.A.recognize B.underestimate C.emphasize D.misunderstand三閱讀下面短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項GiorgioisamongthecountlesspeoplewhohavemadevideosontheTikTokplatformduringthepandemic.Littledidheknowwheretheywouldlead,butsurelytheybringatouchof____41____tothefightagainstthesufferingdays.InJanuary,Giorgiowould____42____hearmuffled（低沉的）melodiesthroughthewallofhishome;it____43____thathisneighborwasplayingthepiano.Giorgiowasreallyenjoyingthemusicandbegan____44____videosinwhichhisneighbor'stalentscouldbeheard.InFebruary,hepostedavideosayinghelefta/an____45____tohisneighboraskingifthe____46____personcouldplaythefamousmelodyMyHeartWillGoOn.Theneighbor'sanswerwas____47____whenthepiececamefromtheotherside.Sobegana____48____.Inanothernote,Giorgio____49____thattheyplayTheRiverFlowsInYouasaduo（二重奏）.TheItalianwasatfirstalittle_____50_____whenhestarted,buthefelthappythemomentheheardthemusiccomingfromtheotherside.ThetwowentontoplaymanymoreduosbutGiorgiostayedcuriousabouthisunknownneighbor.Finally,they_____51_____.ItwasEmilandhewas78yearsold._____52_____fromPoland,Emil'swifehadjustpassedawayandhewasstayingaloneinatemporaryaccommodation.Theonly_____53_____lefttoEmilwashispiano.But,onMarch14,thesadnewsofEmil’sdeath_____54_____him.“DearEmil,"hewrote_____55_____hisneighbor.knewverylittleaboutyou,butyougavemebackmypassion,andwesharedthatwiththeworld.You'llbeinmyheart.Bye,myfriend,Emil.”41.A.bravery B.positivity C.honesty D.security42.A.frequently B.excitedly C.surprisedly D.occasionally43.A.happened B.seemed C.turnedout D.wentout44.A.selling B.sharing C.purchasing D.advertising45.A.note B.letter C.invitation D.request46.A.happy B.emotional C.professional D.mysterious47.A.vague B.timely C.self-evident D.negative48.A.legend B.friendship C.concert D.journey49.A.suggested B.wished C.ordered D.decided50.A.innocent B.serious C.nervous D.scared51.A.departed B.reunited C.responded D.met52.A.Especially B.Originally C.Roughly D.Similarly53.A.affection B.hope C.bond D.comfort54.A.reached B.troubled C.horrified D.clouded55.A.inreturnfor B.inplaceof C.inmemoryof D.inresponseto四閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AUberdriverstoppedherworkdaysoshecouldhelpamotherwithasickchild.NicoleIhus’ssonJohnHenrywas___21___lastmonthwithaseveredisease.Nicole,livinginKansasCity,contacteddoctorsfromMinnesotaandMissourihopingtotreatJohnHenryforthecondition,butinvain.Luckily,Nicolemanagedtocontact“the___22___doctorintheworldforthiscondition”atJohnsHopkinsinFlorida—soshetraveled___23___theretogivehernewbornsonafightingchance.AfterJohnHenrywas___24___intotheICU,Nicolefeltsadand___25___inthenewstate,butshehadtoleaveherson’ssidetobuyhimsome___26___.UponorderinganUberridetothenearbychildren’sstore,shewas___27___byawomannamedBelinda.ShortlyafterNicolegotintohercar,themotherpouredoutherheartbreaking___28___.“Shetoldmeherstory,”Belindasaid.“Shewas___29___acoupleoftimesandIreallyfeltsorryforher.”______30______simplydroppingNicoleoffatthestore,however,Belindaparkedthecarandinsistedonaccompanyingher______31______intothestoresoshecould______32______JohnHenrytonewclothes.Obviously,Nicolewasfilledwithgratitude.Nicolesaid,“Forthis______33______togocompletelyoutofherway—stopwhatshewasdoing—tobewithmeforseveralhourswhileweshoppedtogether,thatwasjust______34______.”AsNicolecaresforhernewbornson,shehopestointroducetheUberdrivertohersonasathankyouforhercompassionate(富有同情心的)______35______.21.A.cured B.adopted C.abandoned D.born22.A.responsible B.outstanding C.selfless D.generous23.A.allthetime B.allthesame C.alltheway D.allthewhile24.A.brought B.admitted C.dragged D.pushed25.A.relieved B.curious C.alone D.hopeful26.A.medicines B.clothes C.toys D.snacks27.A.huggedup B.pickedup C.coveredup D.calledup28.A.situation B.divorce C.travel D.illness29.A.interror B.intears C.inexcitement D.insurprise30.A.Otherthan B.Apartfrom C.Ratherthan D.Asidefrom31.A.friend B.neighbor C.passenger D.son32.A.take B.treat C.push D.expose33.A.stranger B.doctor C.nurse D.passer-by34.A.unusual B.unbearable C.unbelievable D.unacceptable35.A.measure B.treasure C.pleasure D.gesture五閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Iwokeupbymydogbarkingintheearlymorning.Iwentoutsidetofindakoala（考拉）attheyardgatewantingtoenter.ItwasthefirsttimethatIhad___41___akoalainmyneighborhood.Whatawelcome___42___!Iwaswonderingwhyhewashere,asKoala___43___camedownfromthetreesanddidn’tlikewalking,either.____44____,therewasnoeucalyptus（桉樹）around.Washehungryorlost?OrmaybethebushfireacrossKangarooIsland___45___himhere?Hejustsatthere,apparently___46___,andsortoflookedatmewithalook,likehelpingmeoutofmysuffering.Ata(n)___47___look,Idiscoveredalongcutathisbackwithbloods,___48___ofattacksorcutsofsomethingsharpinsomeotherway.Irushedintomyroomandcameoutwithsomeiodophor（碘伏藥水）,Itwasnota___49___problemsasIwasanurse.Thispoorsoulseemedtoquite___50___mykindnesswhenI___51___thecutwiththeliquid.It___52___methathecametoseekmy___53___!Afterthetreatment,Iwatchedthekoalafinally___54___inthewild,hopinghewasableto___55___thehardtimeandlivehislifeasheshould.41.A.grabbed B.encountered C.investigated D.tackled42.A.chance B.relief C.surprise D.message43.A.frequently B.slightly C.mostly D.rarely44.A.Oncemore B.Eversince C.Justthen D.Thenagain45.A.pursued B.drove C.followed D.cast46.A.inpain B.inorder C.incomfort D.indisappointment47.A.quick B.close C.eager D.anxious48.A.features B.symbols C.signs D.series49.A.crucial B.small C.distinct D.tricky50.A.ignore B.answer C.understand D.anticipate51.A.touched B.felt C.tapped D.treated52.A.appealedto B.referredto C.occurredto D.addressedto53.A.help B.advice C.approval D.forture54.A.exploring B.rushing C.jogging D.disappearing55.A.experience B.survive C.escape D.have六閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。LastJuneIworkedasavolunteerinaremoteAboriginalcommunity.Theresidentsthereareshortofthemanymaterial___21___thatmostofusinbigcitieshave,buttheiroutloo