2024-2025學(xué)年高中英語(yǔ)Unit5Adelicateworld預(yù)習(xí)新知早知道1教師用書外研版選擇性必修第二冊(cè)

PAGEUnit5AdelicateworldⅠ.匹配詞義a．單詞匹配()1.habitat A．v.倒坍，塌下()2.appetite B．n.生態(tài)，生態(tài)學(xué)()3.chaos C．n.棲息地()4.collapse D．n.胃口，食欲()5.ecology E．n.大混亂；紊亂[答案]1—5CDEABb．短語(yǔ)匹配()1.inconsequence A．與……協(xié)調(diào)一樣/和諧共處()2.leadto B．反過(guò)來(lái)()3.onbehalfof C．導(dǎo)致()4.inharmonywith D．代表()5.inturn E．結(jié)果[答案]1—5ECDABⅡ.默寫單詞1．dramaticallyadv. 顯著地；戲劇性地2．subsequentlyadv. 后來(lái)，隨后3．multiplyv. (使)大大增加，(使)倍增4．conservationn. 愛(ài)護(hù)5．virusn. 病毒6．decreasev. (使)削減；(使)變小7．trapn. 夾子，陷阱8．departuren. 離開(kāi)9．explodev. 突然增加；爆炸10．substantialadj. 大量的，多的Ⅰ.語(yǔ)境填詞collapse；conservation；multiply；substantial；owe；incident；trap；habitat；appetite；decrease1．Thepartyhasjustlostofficeandwithitasubstantialnumberofseats.2．Cigarettesmokingmultipliestheriskofcancer.3．Thepanda'snaturalhabitatisthebambooforest.4．Hesufferedfromheadachesandlossofappetite．5．Myfather'slifeworkwasdevotedtotheconservationoftheLongleatestate.6．Donotfallintothistrap．7．Thenumberofnewstudentsdecreasedfrom210to160thisyear.8．Theroofcollapsedundertheweightofsnow.9．Therewasashootingincidentnearherelastnight.10．Thecompanyowesmoneytomorethan60banks.Ⅱ.語(yǔ)法填空之派生詞1．Butsincethenthenon-eliteshaveimproveddramatically(dramatical)．2．Subsequently(subsequent),theyheardthathehadobtainedCanadiancitizenship.3．Multiplication(multiply)ofcellsleadstorapidgrowthoftheorganism.4．Therewasaloudexplosion(explode)andthenthebuildingburstintoflames.5．Globalecological(ecology)effortscaneasilybeatoddswithlocalecologies.1．Thegreengrassandbarerockofitslandscapecontrastdramatically,givingitawildandnaturalbeauty.青草和光禿禿的巖石形成了顯明的對(duì)比，使它具有一種野性和自然的美。2．Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants,includingroyalpenguins,kingpenguins,andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywiththeirnaturalhabitatforthousandsofyears.他們也會(huì)去想象島上的棲息動(dòng)物，包括皇家企鵝、王企鵝和象海豹，是如何與自然棲息地和諧共存數(shù)千年的。3．Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest—theymultipliedrapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetationanddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion.在島上逍遙自由，它們盡其所能——快速繁殖，起先吃當(dāng)?shù)氐闹脖徊⑼诙?，造成水土流失?．Thecatsinconsequenceturnedtheirattention—andtheirstomachs—backtothenativebirds,killingupto60，000eachyear.結(jié)果，這些貓把留意力又轉(zhuǎn)移到了當(dāng)?shù)氐镍B類身上——它們又吃起鳥來(lái)——每年捕殺的鳥多達(dá)6萬(wàn)只。名師圈點(diǎn)①M(fèi)acquarieIsland麥夸里島，是澳大利亞的一個(gè)島，位于太平洋西南邊陲，距塔斯馬尼亞州東南部1500公里，大約相當(dāng)于從澳洲到南極洲的一半路程。②stormyadj.有暴風(fēng)雨的③sculptv．塑造④landscapen．風(fēng)景⑤contrastv．對(duì)比；比照⑥dramaticallyadv.顯著地；戲劇性地⑦h(yuǎn)eritagen．遺產(chǎn)；傳統(tǒng)⑧inhabitantn．居民⑨inharmonywith與……一樣/和諧相處⑩habitatn．棲息地?tragicadj.凄慘的；可悲的?unknowinglyadv.不知道地?takeover占據(jù)，占據(jù)?attackvt.進(jìn)攻，攻擊?subsequentlyadv.后來(lái)，隨后?appetiten．胃口，食欲?meanwhileadv.與此同時(shí)?multiplyv．(使)大大增加，(使)倍增?vegetationn．植物，草木(總稱)?erosionn．侵蝕；逐步破壞eq\o(○,\s\up2(21))plentifuladj.足夠的；豐富的eq\o(○,\s\up2(22))inturn反過(guò)來(lái)；輪番eq\o(○,\s\up2(23))leadto導(dǎo)致eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))parakeetn．長(zhǎng)尾(小)鸚鵡eq\o(○,\s\up2(25))dieout滅亡eq\o(○,\s\up2(26))reserven．愛(ài)護(hù)區(qū)eq\o(○,\s\up2(27))outofcontrol失去限制eq\o(○,\s\up2(28))comeupwith想出；提出eq\o(○,\s\up2(29))virusn．病毒eq\o(○,\s\up2(30))releasevt.釋放eq\o(○,\s\up2(31))decreasev．(使)削減；(使)變小eq\o(○,\s\up2(32))inconsequence結(jié)果eq\o(○,\s\up2(33))inthe1980s二十世紀(jì)八十年頭eq\o(○,\s\up2(34))departuren．離開(kāi)eq\o(○,\s\up2(35))orso大約；也許eq\o(○,\s\up2(36))turnout結(jié)果是；證明是eq\o(○,\s\up2(37))immunityn．免疫力eq\o(○,\s\up2(38))explodev．突然增加eq\o(○,\s\up2(39))collapsev．倒坍，塌下eq\o(○,\s\up2(40))substantialadj.大量的；很多的eq\o(○,\s\up2(41))participatein參與；參與eq\o(○,\s\up2(42))helicoptern．直升飛機(jī)eq\o(○,\s\up2(43))interventionn．干預(yù)；介入原文呈現(xiàn)MACQUARIEISLAND：fromChaostoConservationIamstandingonMacquarieIsland①，intheSouth-westPacificOcean,halfwaybetweenAustraliaandAntarctica.Strongwindsandstormy②seashavehelpedsculpt③itslong,thinshape.Thegreengrassandbarerockofitslandscape④contrast⑤dramatically⑥，givingitawildandnaturalbeauty.[1]NovisitorwouldthinkitsurprisingthattheislandisaUNESCOWorldHeritage⑦Site.[2]Norwouldtheyfailtoimaginehowitsnativeinhabitants⑧，includingroyalpenguins，kingpenguins，andelephantseals,existedinperfectharmonywith⑨t(yī)heirnaturalhabitat⑩forthousandsofyears.[3][1]句中g(shù)ivingitawildandnaturalbeauty作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。[2]it作形式賓語(yǔ)；真正的賓語(yǔ)是that引導(dǎo)的從句。[3]本句是倒裝句，nor置于句首，would提前。Buttheisland'smorerecenthistorytellsadifferentstory.It'satragic?storythatbeganin1810whenhumansarrivedontheisland.Intheirshipstheyunknowingly?broughtratsandmice.Thesesmallanimalsquicklytookover?theisland,eatingthebirds'eggsandattacking?babybirds.Catswerebroughttotheislandtocontroltheratsandmice.Unfortunately,thecatssubsequently?developedanappetite?forthebirds,too.Meanwhile?，rabbitswereintroducedtotheislandasasourceoffoodforhumans.Looseontheisland,theydidwhatrabbitsdobest—theymultiplied?rapidlyandbeganeatingthenativevegetation?anddiggingholes,whichcausedsoilerosion?.[4]Theexplodingrabbitpopulationprovidedplentifuleq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(21)))foodforthecats,meaningthatthenumberofcatsalsoincreased.Thisinturneq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(22)))ledtoeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(23)))morecatshuntingthebirds.Theendresultwasthatparakeetseq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(24))),oncelargeinnumberandnativetotheisland,diedouteq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(25)))in1891.[4]which引導(dǎo)非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。EvenafterMacquarieIslandbecameanofficialnaturereserveeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(26)))inthe1970s,therabbitsremainedoutofcontroleq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(27))).Expertsfeltitnecessarytocomeupwitheq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(28)))aplantoremovealltherabbitsfromtheisland.[5]Withthisgoalinmind,aviruseq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(29)))wasreleasedeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(30)))ontotheisland.Butalthoughtheviruscausedtherabbitpopulationtodecreaseeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(31)))from130，000toaround10，000,italsomeantlessfoodforthecats.Thecatsinconsequenceeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(32)))turnedtheirattention—andtheirstomachs—backtothenativebirds,killingupto60，000eachyear.[6]Inthe1980seq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(33))),trapsanddogswereusedtocatchthecats.ThelastMacquarieIslandcatwascaughtin2000.[5]it作形式賓語(yǔ)；真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面的不定式短語(yǔ)。[6]killingupto60，000是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。Butasthesayinggoes,“Whilethecat'saway,themicewillplay.”Withthedepartureeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(34)))ofthecatsfromtheisland,themouseandratpopulationstartedtoincrease.Andrememberthose10，000orsoeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(35)))rabbits?Itturnedouteq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(36)))thattheydevelopedanimmunityeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(37)))tothevirus,andtheirnumbersexplodedeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(38)))onceagain.Then,in2006,therabbits'diggingcausedsomelandtocollapseeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(39))),andkilledasubstantialeq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(40)))numberofpenguins.Thisincidentmadeitclearthattherat,mouseandrabbitproblemneededsolvingonceandforall.So,IamhereonMacquarieIslandtoparticipateineq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(41)))theprogrammetotacklethisveryproblem.Thefirststepinvolvedpoisonbeingdroppedfromhelicopterseq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(42))).Thenextstepistoremovethelastremaininginvadingspecies,andthat'swhereIcomein—withmydogs.Theyhavebeentrainedtofindeverylastone,withoutharmingthenativeanimals.Thisinterventioneq\s\up6(eq\o(○,\s\up2(43)))isalong,much-delayedendingtoasadstory,butwehumansoweittotheislandtogiveitahappyending.譯文參考麥夸里島：從大混亂到受愛(ài)護(hù)我站在麥夸里島上，該島在西南太平洋，位于澳大利亞和南極