新編大學(xué)英語（第四版）視聽說教程4（智慧版）教案 Unit 4 B4U4 Shifting social interactions

Unit4Shiftingsocialinteractions

Warmingup

Listening&speakingConversation

Scripts

Alex:Hey,Mia.Doyouknowtheterm“echochamber”?

Mia:Sure,Itmeansanenvironmentwherepeopleonlyexperienceopinionssimilartotheirown,andwhereopposingviewsoralternativeopinionsareshutout.

Alex:That’sit.I’vebeenthinkingalotaboutitlately.Itfeelslikewejusthearourownopinionsbouncedbackatus.Doyouthinkthislimitshowmuchweactuallylearn?

Mia:Iseeyourpoint.Ifweonlyhearfrompeoplewhoagreewithus,wemightlosetheabilitytoengageinrealdiscussionswiththosewhohavedifferentperspectives.

Alex:Yes,healthydebateisimportant,right?

Mia:Absolutely.ButIcanunderstandwhysomepeoplesticktotheirechochambers.Beinginanechochambercanofferasenseofsecurity.Ithelpspeoplefeelvalidated,especiallywhentheiropinionsareignoredelsewhere.

Alex:There’sindeedsomevalueinechochambers,butbalanceisthekey.Weneedtomakesurewe’renotcompletelyshuttingoutopposingviews.That’swheregrowthhappens.

Mia:Itotallyagree.Thoughechochambersprovideaspacewherepeoplecanexploretheirideasinasupportiveenvironment,it’simportanttobalancethatbyintentionallyseekingdiverseviewpointsandengagingwiththem.

Alex:Sure.Butitfeelslikesocialmediaalgorithmsthesedaysaremakingithardertobreakoutofthesebubbles.Theykeepshowinguswhatwelike,andthatlimitsourexposuretonewideas.

Mia:That’strue,butwedohavesomecontroloverthat.Wecanfollowaccountswithdiverseviewpointsorjoingroupsthatencourageopendebate.Additionally,wecanusetoolsandsettingstocustomizeourfeedsandexplorenewtopics.It’sallabouthowwechoosetousetheplatforms.Alex:Maybe,butnoteveryonetakesthetimetodothat.Alotofpeoplejuststicktowhat’scomfortable.Andwheneveryone’sstuckintheirownbubbles,it’shardtochallengeyourownbiases.

Mia:Youareright.Peopleneedtoworkhardtomakeconsciouseffortstobeopen-mindedandcurious.

Questions:

Whatdoestheterm“echochamber”refertointheconversation?

Howdothetwospeakersviewechochambers?

Whatroledosocialmediaalgorithmsplayinechochambers?

Referenceanswers

Listeningandunderstanding1

1.B 2.B 3.C

2

alternativeopinions

bounceback

engagein

exploretheirideas

diverseviewpoints

opendebate

Thinkingandspeaking

Impactofechochambers

Strategiesforbreakingoutofechochambers

Passage1Scripts

Imaginehangingoutwithafriend,butthere’snopressuretoovershareorconstantlybethereforeachother–justahandfulofsimple,low-stakesinteractions.That’swhat“zero-sugarnetworking”isallabout.Theterm,whichisgainingpopularityamongyoungpeopleinChina,referstorelationshipswithoutanyemotionalburdens.

Accordingtoarecentreport,anincreasingnumberofyoungpeoplepreferthiskindofcasualyetmeaningfulconnectionwhichoftencentersaroundcommoninterestsandactivities.Abuzzwordinthisspaceisdazi,whichmeans“acompanionwithwhomyoudevelopalow-commitment,effectivefriendship.”Thereportfoundthatoneineveryfourindividualsbornaftertheyear2000hasadazi,indicatingastrongpreferenceforsimplebuteffectivecompanionship.

Sowhydopeoplepreferdazi?Traditionalfriendshipsofteninvolveahighlevelofmutualdependence,whichcansometimescreatepressureandemotionalstrain.Intoday’sfast-pacedworld,manyareturningtozero-sugarnetworkingasalow-stakeswaytostayintouchandrelax.Thisapproachtosocializingispartofabroadertrendfocusedonself-care,whereemotionalindependenceandpersonalcomforttakepriority.Theyofferaflexiblewaytostaysociallyengagedwhilemaintainingboundaries.Asaresult,individualscannurturerelationshipswithoutfeelingoverwhelmedoremotionallydrained.Forexample,individualscanengageinvariedexperienceswithdifferentdazi,makingiteasiertomanagetheirrelationshipsandpursuediverseinterests.

Referenceanswers

Listeningandunderstanding1

burdens

meaningful

effective

pressure

personalcomfort

overwhelmed

2

TTFT

Thinkingandspeaking

Exploringzero-sugarnetworking

Balancingcasualanddeeperconnections

Passage2Scripts

Intoday’sworld,there’sagrowinghungerforsomethingdeeperthanmaterialpossessions.Peopleincreasinglycraveemotionalnourishmentandlongtobetrulyseen,heard,andunderstood.Thisquestforemotionalvalueispresentinmanyaspectsofourlives,frompersonalrelationshipstoprofessionalenvironmentsandevenourconsumptionhabits.Inpersonalrelationships,peopleseekemotionalsupportfromtheirpartners.Atwork,theyseekunderstandingandempathyfromemployersandcolleagues.Duringdifficulttimes,individualsturntovariousformsofconsumptiontofindsolaceandcomfort.Thisconstantpursuitofemotionalvaluereflectsadeeperneedforemotionalconnection.

Originally,emotionalvaluewasamarketingtermusedtomeasurehowcustomersperceiveemotionalbenefitsofproductsorservices.However,ithasevolvedandisnowoftenrelatedtointerpersonalrelationships,demonstratingaperson’scapacitytoinfluencetheemotionsofothers.InChina,thisconceptisgainingincreasingattention.

Emotionalvalueplaysacrucialroleincreatingmeaningfulconnections,buttheincreasingfocusonseekingvalidationandsupportcanhaveitsdownsides.Ontheonehand,seekingemotionalvaluefromotherscanbeasignofsocialprogress,asitreflectsincreasedemotionalawareness,promotionofempathyandcompassion,andstrongersocialbonds.However,excessivedemandscanleadtodisappointmentandfeelingsofisolation.Inrelationships,constantlydemandingattentioncanbeemotionallyexhaustingfortheotherpersonandmayharmthebond.Similarly,intheworkplace,individualswhocontinuouslyexpectemployersandcolleaguestounderstandandaccommodatethemarecalled“bigbabies,”andthiscancauseproblemsintheircareers.

Therefore,it’scrucialtofocusonunderstandingourownemotionsandlearninghowtohandlethembetter.Insteadofrelyingtoomuchonothersforemotionalsupport,weshouldworkonbuildingourownemotionalstrengthandbalance.

Referenceanswers

Listeningandunderstanding1

emotionalsupport

understandingandempathy

variousformsofconsumption

productsorservices

influencetheemotions

socialbonds

disappointment

bigbabies

emotionalstrength

2

F

T

T

F

T

Thinkingandspeaking

Seekingemotionalvalue

Buildingemotionalstrengthandbalance

LectureScripts

Weliveinatimeofconstantcommunication.Nomatterwhereourfriendsare,orhowlongit’sbeensincewelastsawthem,wecanalwaysstayintouch,thankstosocialmedia.Butissocialmediastrengtheningourfriendshipsorisitmakingthemshallower?

Researchersdividefriendshipsintothreecategories:active,dormant,andcommemorative.Afriendshipisactiveifyou’reregularlyintouch,adormantfriendissomeoneyouhaveahistorywithbuthaven’tspokentoinawhile,andacommemorativefriendissomeonewhowasimportanttoyouinthepast,butyoudon’texpecttoseeorhearfromthemagain.Asyougrowolder,moreandmoreofyouractivefriendshipswillbecomedormantorcommemorative.That’sbecausefriendshipsnaturallyfadeaspeoplegrowup–itisalong-heldfindingthatolderpeoplehavelesssocialcontactthanyoungerpeople.Technologyoffersalow-effortwaytoextendthelifespanofdormantandcommemorativefriendships,evenlong-distanceones,butoftenmoreshallowly.Thesefriendshipsaren’treallyliving;it’smoreliketheyareonlifesupport.

Ontheotherhand,ifyoujustfocusonyourclosestfriends,technologycanhelpyoudeepenyour

relationship.Mediamultiplexitytheorysuggeststhatthemoreplatformsfriendsusetocommunicate,thestrongertheirrelationshipbecomes,especiallywhencombinedwithface-to-faceinteractions.So,socialmediacanbothstrengthenthefriendshipsyoucareaboutandkeepsomerelationshipsalivepasttheirnaturalexpirationdate.

Unlikefamilyorromanticpartners,friendshipsareuniquelyflexible;therearenoclearexpectationsorobligations,makingthemeasiertodropwhenthingsgetbusy.Butdormancydoesn’tmeanthefriendshipisover.Manypeoplestillconsiderthemselvesfriendswiththosetheyhaven’tcontactedinalongtimeandfeeltheycanpickupwhenevertheywant.

PerhapsthebiggestgifttheInternetgivesusisaplacetofindourfriendswhenwe’rereadytopickupwhereweleftoff.Ofcourse,theefforthastocomefromyou,andjustlikingsomeone’sstatusnowandagainisnotenough.Butwhenyou’reready,yourfriendsarethereinyourpocket,waitingforyoutoreconnect.

Questions:

Accordingtothelecture,whathappenstomostactivefriendshipsaspeoplegrowolder?

Whatdoesmediamultiplexitytheorytellus?

Accordingtothelecture,whatisthekeytorevivinginactivefriendships?

Referenceanswers

Listeningandunderstanding1.

regularly

haveahistorywith

seeorhearfromthem

extendthelifespan

closestfriends

leftoff

2.

1.B2.B 3.C

Thinkingandspeaking

Communicationwithyourbestfriend

Interactionsonsocialmedia:Blessingorburden?

Viewing&speakingScripts

Beingagoodlistenerisoneofthemostimportantandenchantinglifeskillsanyonecanhave,yetfewofusknowhowtodoit.Notbecausewe’reevil,butbecausenoonehastaughtushow,anda

relatedpoint,noonehaslistenedtous.So,wecometosociallifegreedytospeakratherthanlisten,hungrytomeetothersbutreluctanttohearthem.Friendshipdegeneratesintoasocializedegoism.Likemostthings,it’sabouteducation.Ourcivilizationisfullofgreatbooksonhowtospeak:Cicero’sOratorandAristotle’sRhetoricweretwoofthegreatestintheancientworld.Butsadly,noonehaseverwrittenabookcalledTheListener.

Therearearangeofthingsthatagoodlistenerisdoingthatmakesitsonicetospendtimeintheircompany.

Firstly,theyegguson.It’shardtoknowourownminds,oftenworryingthevicinityofsomething,butwedon’tquitecloseinonwhat’sreallybotheringorexcitingus.Wehugelybenefitfromencouragementtoelaborate,togointogreaterdetail,topushjustalittlefurther.Weneedsomeonewhoratherthanlaunchforthontheirownwillsimplysaythosetwomagicwords:“Goon.”Youmentionasibling,andtheywanttoknowabitmore:Whatwastherelationshiplikeinchildhood?Howhasitchangedovertime?They’recurious(about)whereourconcernsandexcitementscomefrom.Theyaskthingslike,“Whydidthatparticularlybotheryou?”,“Whywasthatsuchabigthingforyou?”Theykeepourhistoriesinmind.Theymightreferbacktosomethingwesaidbefore,andwefeelthey’rebuildingupadeeperbaseofengagement.

Secondly,thegoodlistenerurgesclarification.It’sfatallyeasytosayvaguethings.Wesimplymentionthatsomethingislovelyorterrible,nice,orannoying,butwedon’treallyexplorewhywefeelthisway.Thefriendwholistensoftenhasaproductive,friendlysuspicionofsomeofourownfirststatementsanditisafterthedeeperattitudesthatarelurkinginthebackground.Theytakethingswesay,like“I’mfedupwithmyjob”or“MypartnerandIarehavingalotofrows,”andtheyhelpustofocusinonwhatitreallyisaboutthejobwedon’tlikeorwhattherowsarereallyabout.They’rebringingtolisteninganambitiontoclarifytheunderlyingissues.Theydon’tjustseeconversationastheswappingofanecdotes,they’rereconnectingthechatyou’rehavingoverpizzawiththephilosophicalambitionsofSocrates,whosedialoguesarerecordsofhisattemptstohelpfellowAtheniansunderstandtheirideasandvaluesinabetterway.

Thirdly,goodlistenersdon’tmoralize.Thegoodlistenerisacutelyawareofhowinsaneweallare.Theyknowtheirownmindswellenoughnottobesurprisedorfrightenedaboutthis.They’reskilledatmakingoccasionallittlepositivesounds:strategic“Mmm…”thatdelicatelysignalsympathywithoutintrudingonwhatwe’retryingtosay.Theygivetheimpressionthattheyrecognizeandacceptourfollies.They’rereassuringusthatthey’renotgoingtoshredourdignity.Abigworryinacompetitiveworldisthatwefeelwecan’taffordtobehonestabouthowdistressedweare.Sayingonefeelslikeafailurecouldmeanbeingdropped.Butthegoodlistenersignalsearlyandclearlythattheydon’tseeusintheseterms.Ourvulnerabilityissomethingtheywarmtoratherthanareappalledby.

Lastly,goodlistenersseparatedisagreementfromcriticism.There’sahugetendencytofeelthatbeingdisagreedwithisanexpressionofhostility.Andobviously,sometimesthat’sright.Butagoodlistenermakesitclearthattheycanreallylikeyouand,atthesametime,thinkyou’rewrong.Theymakeitplainthattheirlikingforyouisn’tdependentonconstantagreement.They’repowerfully

awarethatareallylovelypersoncouldendupabitmuddledandinneedofsomegentleuntangling.

Whenwe’reinthecompanyofpeoplewholistenwell,weexperienceaverypowerfulpleasure.Buttoooften,wedon’treallyrealizewhatitisthatthispersonisdoingthat’ssonice.Bypayingstrategicattentiontothepleasure,wecanlearntomagnifyitandofferittoothers,whowillnotice,hear,andrepaythefavorinturn.Listeningdeservesdiscoveryasoneofthekeystoagoodsociety.

Questions:

Whatisoneofthemainreasonspeoplearenotgoodlisteners?

WhydoesthespeakermentionCicero’sOratorandAristotle’sRhetoric?

Whichofthefollowingislinkedtogoodlisteningaccordingtothespeaker?

Whydoesthespeakerdiscussthefourqualitiesofgoodlisteners?

Referenceanswers

Viewingandunderstanding1

1.B 2.D3.B 4.C

2

lifeskill

greaterdetail

productive

underlyingissues

sympathy

recognizeandaccept

vulnerability

constantagreement

goodsociety

Thinkingandspeaking

Personalreflection

Learninglisteningskills

Unitproject

FurtherlisteningConversationScripts

Ava:Hey,Ikeephearingaboutanewtrendcalled“blindboxsocializing.”Doyouknowwhatitis?Ben:Yeah,Iknowit.Itmeansmeetingandsocializingwithcompletestrangers,withoutanypreconceivednotionsorexpectations.Justlikewhenyouarebuyingablindboxoftoys,youdon’t

reallyknowwhat’shiddeninsideuntilthemomentyouopenit.

Ava:Thatsoundsintriguingbutalsoabitodd.Whywouldpeoplewanttodiveintosomethinglikethat?

Ben:Itmightseemodd,butitattractsmanypeople,particularlyyoungerpeoplewhowanttostepoutsidetheirusualsocialcircles.Peopleoftenfindthemselvesengagingwiththesamegroup,whetherit’sclassmates,colleagues,oronlinecontacts.Blindboxsocializingoffersachancetoconnectwithnewpeople.

Ava:So,isitaboutconnectingwithnewpeopleandenjoyingitsunpredictability?

Ben:Exactly!Plus,forthosewhoarenewtoaplace,blindboxsocializingcanbeagreatwaytobuildsocialconnections.

Ava:OK,Icanseetheappealnow.So,howdoesitwork?Aretherespecificactivitiesinvolved?Ben:Therearedifferentforms.Forinstance,somepeopleorganizeparkgames,likehide-and-seekforadults,whereyouuseanapptocoordinatewithstrangersandmeetup.Othersmightparticipateinthemedrole-playgameswhereyoupretendtobeadifferentcharacter.

Ava:Thatsoundsquitefun.Icanseehowithelpspeopleconnect.

Ben:Yes,itcanhelppeopleconnectwithoutbeingjudgedsinceeveryone’snewtoeachother.It’safreshstarteverytime.

Ava:ButIimaginetheremustbesomerisksinvolved–sinceyou’remeetingstrangers.

Ben:Sure,there’salwaystheriskofthingsnotgoingasplanned.Organizersneedtoprioritizesafety,setupclearguidelines,andensuresecureenvironments.Participantsshouldstayalert,followtherules,andtrusttheirinstinctsifsomethingfeelswrong.

Ava:Thatmakessense.

Ben:It’sallabouthavingagoodtime,butahealthyamountofcautionisalwaysadvised.

Questions:

Whymightyoungerpeoplebeattractedbyblindboxsocializing?

Whatcanwelearnaboutthewoman’sinitialattitudetowardblindboxsocializing?

Whatcanbeinferredabouttheactivitiesinvolvedinblindboxsocializing?

Referenceanswers

1.C 2.C3.B

Passage1Scripts

Soonaftergraduatingfromuniversity,Jessicalandedafullyremotejobhandlingcustomerserviceatatechcompany.Sheabsolutelylovedtheflexibilityofworkingfromhome.Afterthecompanyunexpectedlyclosed,JessicatookanewpositionatadigitalPRfirmasaseniorcopywriter,butshe’snowrequiredtospendtwotothreedaysaweekintheoffice.

Afewmonthsin,she’ssurprisedbyhowmuchshe’senjoyingit–evenafterinitiallyresistingthereturn.“IgraduallyrealizedhowmuchIlikedbeingintheoffice,”shesays.“Inthemornings,I’dbelookingforwardtoseeingmycolleaguesandhavinganicechat.ThatsocialinteractionandfeelingofbeingpartofacollectiveissomethingIthinkpeopleforgetaboutwhenthey’venothad

itforages.”

Jessicaisoneofagrowinggroupofworkerswhohavequietlychangedtheirmindsaboutreturningtotheirdesks,atleastalittle.Whilesomeofthemfearlosingtheflexibilitygainedfromworkingfromhome,othersarerediscoveringtheunexpectedperksofbeingbackintheoffice,fromcatchingupwithcolleaguesface-to-facetodrawingclearerboundariesbetweenworkandhome.Theyhavealsostartedtorealizethatiftheywanttoworkthroughaproblemwithsomeone,themosteffectivewayistocommunicateinperson.AsJessicasays,“IfIneededasimpleanswertoaquickquestion,athomethatmighthavetakenhours.Butnow,ifIneedananswerfromoneofourmanagers,Icanwalkintotheirofficeandgetthingsdonealotquicker.”

Questions:

HowdidJessicainitiallyfeelaboutreturningtotheoffice?

HowdidJessicafeelafterafewmonthsofworkingintheoffice?

Whatisthepassagemainlytalkingabout?

Referenceanswers

1.C2.B 3.C

Passage2Scripts

Recently,avideofromanursinghomeinJinyunCounty,ZhejiangProvince,hasattractedsignificantattention.Itfeaturesalivelyinteractioninanursinghomebetweenagroupofyoungpeopleandelderlyresidents.Interestingly,boththeyoungandtheelderlyareresidentsofthenursinghome.Thisispartofanintergenerationalcohabitationmodelintroducedbythelocalgovernment.Thisinnovativeapproachnotonlymeetsthegenuineneedsoftheelderlybutalsooffersyoungpeopleanewwayofliving.

Theinitiativeisbasedontheconceptof“mutualbenefit.”Bylivingtogether,youngandolderresidentscanhave“mutualcare,”“mutualsupport,”and“mutualfulfillment.”Youngpeopleprovidefrequentdailycareandcompanionshiptotheelderly,significantlyreducingolderpeople’sfeelingsoflonelinessandisolation.Theelderly,inturn,stayupdatedonsocialtrendsandtheperspectivesoftheyoungergeneration,oftenfeelinginspiredbytheirenergyandenthusiasm.Additionally,theseinteractionshelptheelderlylearntousevariouselectronicdevices,helpingtobridgethedigitaldividebetweenthegenerations.

Fortheyoungresidents,thenursinghomeoffersarelativelycomfortableenvironmentandaffordablepricing,withamonthlyrentofjust1,000yuan.Iftheyoffer30hoursormoreofserviceinamonth,theycanliveentirelyrent-free.Thisalleviatessomeofthefinancialpressurestheyfacewhileallowingthemtocontributepositivelytothelivesoftheelderly.

Youngpeoplealsobenefitalotfrominteractionswiththeelderly.Theyengageinmeaningfulconversations,listentothestoriesoftheolderresidents,andgainvaluablelifeexperience,allof

whichcontributetotheirpersonalgrowthanddevelopment.Overtime,whatisinitiallyarelationshipbetweenstrangersmayevolveintoaclosebondakintothatofgrandparentsandgrandchildren.

Questions:

Whatistheprimarygoaloftheintergenerationalcohabitationmodelinthenursinghome?

Howcanyoungresidentsliveinthenursinghomefreeofcharge?

Whatcanbeinferredaboutthelong-termrelationshipbetweenyoungandelderlyresidents?

Referenceanswers

1.D2.C3.A

LectureScripts

Arrivinghomeafteralongdayattheofficethatisspentalmostentirelyinfrontofthecomputer,youtakeoffyourshoes,makeyourselfadrinkand,ironically,sitinfrontofanothercomputer.Itisincrediblehowmanyofuschoosetocommunicatewithot