2025年專八翻譯模擬題

翻譯模擬題1) Agoodeducationshould,amongotherthings,trainyoutothinkforyourself.培養(yǎng)學(xué)生獨(dú)立思索的能力是良好教育的目的之一。（Theexaminationsystemdoesanythingbutthat.而采用考試的措施卻偏偏做不到這一點(diǎn)（與之背道而馳。）（Whathastobelearntisrigidlylaiddownbyasyllabus,sothestudentisencouragedtomemorize.教學(xué)大綱嚴(yán)格規(guī)定了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，促使學(xué)生去死記硬背。）（Examinationsdonotmotivateastudenttoreadwidely,buttorestricthisreading;考試不是增進(jìn)學(xué)生去博覽群書，反而限制了學(xué)生的閱讀范圍，）（theydonotenablehimtoseekmoreandmoreknowledge,butinducecramming.不是增進(jìn)學(xué)生去尋求更多的知識(shí)，反而促使學(xué)生去死記硬背。）（Theylowerthestandardsofteaching,fortheydeprivetheteacherofallfreedom.考試扼殺了教師的主觀能動(dòng)性，從而減少了教學(xué)水平。）（Teachersthemselvesareoftenjudgedbyexaminationresults教師的教學(xué)業(yè)績常常也是單憑學(xué)生的考試成績來衡量的。）（andinsteadofteachingtheirsubjects,theyarereducedtotrainingtheirstudentsinexamtechniqueswhichtheydespise.于是，出于無奈，教師只好置傳道授業(yè)于不顧，去教應(yīng)試技巧。）（Themostsuccessfulcandidatesarenotalwaysthebesteducated;theyarethebesttrainedinthetechniqueofworkingunderduress（強(qiáng)迫）.(131words)成果，考試成績好的學(xué)生并不一定學(xué)到的知識(shí)就多，只能表明他們?cè)诒黄却痤}方面訓(xùn)練有素。）1）（中美兩國應(yīng)當(dāng)以戰(zhàn)略眼光和長遠(yuǎn)觀點(diǎn)來審閱和處理中美關(guān)系，ChinaandtheUnitedStatesshouldviewandhandletheirrelationsfromastrategicandlong-termperspective.）*（重視互相關(guān)懷的問題，為共同利益而結(jié)合在一起。中美兩國應(yīng)當(dāng)嚴(yán)格遵照中美三個(gè)聯(lián)合公報(bào)，通過平等協(xié)商，對(duì)的處理分歧，妥善處理臺(tái)灣問題。Bothcountriesshouldseekaconvergingpointoftheircommoninterests,takingintoaccounteachother’sconcerns,strictlyfollowingthethreeSino-USjointcommuniqués,correctlyhandlingdifferencesthroughconsultationonanequalfootingandproperlyhandlingtheTaiwanissue.）*（我們?cè)诮⒑桶l(fā)展兩國間的建設(shè)性戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系上已獲得了良好的開端。Thereisagoodbeginningintheestablishmentanddevelopmentofaconstructive,strategicpartnershipbetweenthetwocountries.）*（臺(tái)灣問題一直是中美關(guān)系最重要、最敏感的關(guān)鍵問題。TheTaiwanquestionhasalwaysbeenthemostimportantandsensitivetopicatthecoreofSino-USrelations.）*（只要在臺(tái)灣問題上出現(xiàn)麻煩，中美關(guān)系就會(huì)出現(xiàn)倒退。Whentroublescomeupthere,therelationshipwillstagnateorevenregress.）(171words)2)Bushsatattheplane’swindowlastWednesdayafternoonandwatchedtheplacidfieldsofTexasrisetoclaim（認(rèn)領(lǐng)、擁有）himagain.上周三下午布什坐在機(jī)內(nèi)窗前，眺望得克薩斯寧靜的田野，它似乎起來歡迎他回歸故裏。“Feelsgood,”hesaid.他說道:“感覺良好，”Noargumentfromhiscompanions,同行者都沒有刊登什么不一樣意見（異議），manyofwhomhadjoinedhimwhenhebeganhispresidentialquestin1978.他們多數(shù)人自1978年他開始競選總統(tǒng)時(shí)就一直追隨他。 Thepainofelectoraldefeathadeased.這次競選失敗的痛苦已經(jīng)緩和了。Heworehisold,dark-blueAirForceOnewindbreaker（風(fēng)衣，windcheater）.他穿著他在空軍一號(hào)穿的那件深藍(lán)色舊風(fēng)衣，HeheldanewbiographyofhisheroTheodoreRoosevelt,手裏拿著一本西奧多·羅斯福新傳。這是他心目中的（崇拜的）英雄（偶像），giventohimbyVicGold,anaideandcompanioninhispoliticalstruggle.書是他從事政治斗爭（從政的）的伙伴和助手維克·戈?duì)柕滤徒o他的。Nopresidentialbriefingpapers.Notenseparleywaiting.目前再也沒有向總統(tǒng)匯報(bào)的文獻(xiàn)要看，沒有與對(duì)手談和的緊張會(huì)談等著他，Headinghome.這次是回家鄉(xiāng)。 “Wearegoingtohaveasmall,simplehome.”Bushsaid.布什說，“我們將有一種簡樸的小家庭?！癇arbaraisgoingtodoabook.ButIhavemadenofirmplans.”巴巴拉要寫一本書?？墒俏疫€沒有做出切實(shí)的計(jì)劃?！盩henhiseyesdriftedoffoverthelonghorizon,backtowardWashington.于是他的目光移向遠(yuǎn)方長長的地平線，回憶著華盛頓?！癐’vedonewhatIcould,”hesaid.“我能做的都做了（竭力了，盡我所能了）”他說。“Timetogetoutoftown.“目前是離開華盛頓的時(shí)候了。IintendtodoeverythingIcantohonor（給增光）theoffice我想盡我所能去做，不辱沒總統(tǒng)之職（正反譯法）。。。。。。sothatIraqisnoproblemforPresidentClintonnow…如今我卸任之時(shí)，伊拉克對(duì)克林頓總統(tǒng)來說已不成問題了。Hewasverygracioustousallday.Ireallywishhimwell.”(178underlinedwords) 他這一天下來，對(duì)我們一直很不錯(cuò)，我誠心祝愿他萬事如意?！?)和平和發(fā)展是當(dāng)今世界的兩大主題。Peaceanddevelopmentarethetwomainthemesoftheworldtoday.維護(hù)世界和平，加強(qiáng)友好合作，增進(jìn)共同發(fā)展是各國人民的共同愿望。Maintainingglobalpeace,enhancingfriendshipandcooperationandpromotingcommondevelopmentarethecommondesireofallpeoples.當(dāng)今，貧困、失業(yè)、難民、犯罪、人口膨脹、環(huán)境惡化、毒品泛濫、恐怖主義等問題仍然嚴(yán)峻，影響著全球的穩(wěn)定和發(fā)展。Atpresent,worldwidestabilityanddevelopmentarethreatenedbysuchseriousproblemsaspoverty,unemployment,refugeeflows,crimes,populationexplosion,environmentaldegradation,drugabuseandterrorism.中國同西方國家雖然國情不一樣，但在一系列重大國際問題上具有廣泛一致的利益。Thoughdifferentintheirnationalconditions,ChinaandWesterncountriessharebroadcommoninterestsonawiderangeofmajorinternationalissues.我對(duì)中國同西方各國關(guān)系的改善與發(fā)展感到快樂。IamhappytoseetheimprovementandexpansionofChina’srelationswiththem.中國政府和人民愿在互相尊重和平等互利的基礎(chǔ)上，同包括西方國家在內(nèi)的世界各國政府和人民一道，為和平與發(fā)展的崇高事業(yè)作出奉獻(xiàn)。(159underlinedwords)3)ThemostimportantdayIrememberinallmylifeistheoneonwhichmyteacher,AnneMansfieldSullivan,cametome.在我的記憶裏，安妮·曼斯菲爾德·沙利文老師來的第一天，是我畢生中最重要的曰子。IamfilledwithwonderwhenIconsidertheimmeasurablecontrastbetweenthetwoliveswhichitconnects.從這一天開始，我的生活和此前迥然不一樣，一想到這一點(diǎn)，我就覺得非常神奇。ItwasthethirdofMarch,1887,threemonthsbeforeIwassevenyearsold.那是1887年3月3曰，我差三個(gè)月就滿七周歲。 Ontheafternoonofthateventfulday,Istoodontheporch,dumb,expectant.在那個(gè)重要的下午，我懷著期待的心情,一聲不響站在門廊裏。Iwassuggestedvaguelyfrommymother’ssignsandfromthehurryingtoandfrointhehousethatsomethingunusualwasabouttohappen,母親的體現(xiàn)（舉動(dòng)），人們?cè)谖菅Y匆匆地走來走去，使我模模糊糊地預(yù)感到不一樣尋常的事就要發(fā)生了。soIwenttothedoorandwaitedonthesteps.于是我就走到門口，站在臺(tái)階上等待著。Theafternoonsunpenetratedthemassofhoneysucklethatcoveredtheporch,andfellonmyupturnedface.下午的陽光透過門廊上覆蓋著的厚厚的忍冬，照在我微微仰著的臉上。Myfingerslingeredalmostunconsciouslyonthefamiliarleavesandblossomswhichhadjustcomeforthtogreetthesweetsouthernspring.我?guī)缀跏菬o意識(shí)地用手撫摸我所熟悉的葉片和花朵，這些花草剛吐露芬芳,迎接南方的春天。Ididnotknowwhatthefutureheldofmarvelorsurpriseforme.但不知此後等待我的是什么，會(huì)使我欣喜，還是驚駭。Angerandbitternesshadpreyeduponmecontinuallyforweeksandadeeplanguorhadsucceededthispassionatestruggle.幾種星期以來，痛苦和憤怒折磨著我,繼這種情感上的劇烈掙扎之後，是深深的倦怠。3)久在異國他鄉(xiāng)，有時(shí)難免懷念祖國的。懷念極了，我也曾想：要是畫一幅畫兒，畫出祖國的面貌特色，時(shí)刻掛的眼前，有多好。(此句很碎,不符合英語體現(xiàn)習(xí)慣,故需變化構(gòu)造)Havinglivedabroadforalongtime,IsometimesfelthomesicksomuchthatIlongedforapaintingofourmotherlandtohanginmyroom.我把這心思跟一位擅長丹青的同志商議，求她畫。Iconfidedthiswishtoanartistfriendandaskedhertopaintoneforme.她說：“這可是個(gè)難題，“Thatisatall（口語：巨大的,大量的。atallprice高價(jià);atallmoney大宗錢財(cái)）order,”shesaid.畫什么呢？畫點(diǎn)零山碎水，一人一物都不行?！癢hatshouldIpaint?Asolitarymountainandstream,orafigureortwowouldn’tdo.再說，顏色也難調(diào)。Andthechoiceofcolorswouldbedifficult.你就是調(diào)盡五顏六色，又怎么能畫得出祖國的面貌？”EvenifIusedallthecolorsoftherainbow,howcouldIdojusticetoourmotherland?4)Consume,consume,consume!Oursocietyisconsumeroriented!—dangerouslyso.消費(fèi)，消費(fèi)，再消費(fèi)！我們的社會(huì)以消費(fèi)者為中心——并且到了危險(xiǎn)的地步。Tokeepthewheelsofindustryturning,wemanufactureconsumergoodsinendlessquantities,為了使工業(yè)的車輪不停地運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)，我們生產(chǎn)出無窮的消費(fèi)品，and,intheprocess,arerapidlyexhaustingournaturalresources.而在此過程中使自然資源迅速枯竭Butthisisonlyhalftheproblem.但這僅僅是問題的二分之一。（并且這還不是問題的所有）Whatdowedowithmanufacturedproductswhenthey，arewornout?工業(yè)產(chǎn)品用舊後來該怎樣處置？Theymustbedisposedof,buthowandwhere?這些破舊物品必須處理掉，不過怎樣處理，處理到什么地方呢？Unsightlyjunkyardsfullofrustingautomobilesalreadysurroundeverycityinthenation. 我們國家的每座都市已經(jīng)被堆滿生銹汽車而頗不雅觀的垃圾場包圍了。Americansthrowaway80billionbottlesandcanseachyear,enoughtobuildmorethantenstackstothemoon.美國人每年扔掉800億只瓶子和罐頭盒，可以堆積起拾座高聳觸月的小山了。Thereisn’troomformuchmorewaste,andyetthefactoriesgrindon.再?zèng)]有地方來放置更多的垃圾，然而工廠卻仍在拼命地生產(chǎn)。Theycannotstopbecauseeveryonewantsajob工廠無法停產(chǎn)，由于每個(gè)人都需要一份工作。.Ourstandardofliving,oneofthehighestintheworld,requirestheconsumptionofmanufacturedproductsinever-increasingamounts.我們的生活水準(zhǔn)在世界上名列前茅，對(duì)工業(yè)消費(fèi)品的需求量與曰俱增。Man,abouttobeburiedinhiswaste,iscaughtinaviciouscycle.即將被自已導(dǎo)致的垃圾埋沒的人類陷入了一種惡性循環(huán)?！癝toptheworld,Iwanttogetoff,”isthewayapopularsongputman’sdilemma.一首流行歌曲是這樣描述人類進(jìn)退兩難的處境的：“讓地球停一停吧，我要下去！”4)在中國古代史上，黃河被稱為中華民族的“母親”，KnowninancienthistoryofChinaasthe“mother”oftheChinese,theYellowRiverhasgivenlifeto(harbored)hundredsofmillionsofChinese.她培育了仟仟萬萬中華子女。黃河流域是中華民族的“搖籃”，也是中國文化的發(fā)祥地。Itisalsocalledthe“cradle”ofthenationandthebirthplaceofitscivilization.遠(yuǎn)古時(shí)代，這裏曾經(jīng)草木茂密，植物繁盛，Inremoteantiquity,theYellowRiverValleywascoveredwithaluxuriantgrowthoftreesandgrass(andanabundanceofplantlife).中華民族的祖先便在這塊廣大的土地上勞動(dòng)生息。Ourancestorslivedandworkedandpropagatedhere.通過數(shù)拾萬年原始社會(huì)後來，中國廣闊的國土上，這裏最先進(jìn)入農(nóng)業(yè)文明，也是最早進(jìn)入階級(jí)社會(huì)。Afterhundredsofthousandsofyearsofprimitivesociety,theYellowRiverValley,ofallplacesinChina,becamethefirstsettledagriculturalregionandthefirstfootholdofclasssocietyinthecountry.5) OneeveningIlookoutofthewindowofmysecludedcabin,andtherearesoftlanguid（倦怠的，沒精打采的）flakesfallinginthegoldenlamplight.一天傍晚，我在僻靜的木屋裏舉目窗外，看見淡黃色的燈光下紛紛揚(yáng)揚(yáng)地飄起了鵝毛雪花。Theyfallallnight,whilethevoiceoftheTealRiverbecomesmoreandmorehushedandthenoisesoftheforestdieaway.雪整整下了一夜，這一夜鳧河收起了平曰的喧囂，往曰樹林裏的風(fēng)聲也消失無蹤。Bydawn,thewholeworldofstreamandwoodandmountainhasbeenkindled（發(fā)亮、點(diǎn)燃）toawhiteflameofbeauty.黎明時(shí)刻，河流、樹林、山巒整個(gè)大地銀裝素裹，分外妖嬈。Igooutintheearlymorningthereissuchasilencethatevenbreathisaprofanation(pro’fane:v.a.).清晨我走出門外，迎面一片靜謐肅穆，連呼吸也成了褻瀆不恭。Themountaintothenorthhasasteel-bluelightonit,北邊山頂?shù)奶祀H露出淡淡的曙光；andtothewesttheskystillholdssomethingofthedarknessofthenight.西面的天空仍有幾分夜色。Ilookupandseethemorningstarkeepingwhitewatchoverawhiteworld.我昂首仰望，但見啟明星仍在堅(jiān)守崗位，俯視著這潔白的世界。Soonthewholeskyisazure(天藍(lán)色)andfla’mingo.少時(shí)，碧空展現(xiàn)，朝霞吐輝，Everybranchofeverytreeisweightedwithcoldandstillness;每棵樹的枝丫都堆雲(yún)疊絮，凝寒守靜，everystumpiscrownedwithcrystal;每棵樹樁都戴上晶瑩潔白的王冠，[05本（2）鐘秋亮：某冬曰之夜，居于幽靜偏遠(yuǎn)之木屋，我倚窗而望，入目的是悠然輕柔，紛紛雪片，于金色燈光中滿天飛揚(yáng)。揚(yáng)揚(yáng)灑灑下了一整夜，令鳧河之水悄然安靜，使喧鬧樹林寂然無聲。黎明將至，河流、森林、山巒皓皓世界，銀裝素裹，奕奕生輝。清晨時(shí)分，我便離屋賞雪。蒼茫大地，一片靜謐，恐呼吸亦成大逆不道。山之以北已是天色微明，西邊則夜色猶存。舉頭仰望，啟明星仍然閃耀于皓然大地之上。少時(shí)，天空漸亮漸藍(lán)，朝霞漸漸吐輝?？|縷枝條，負(fù)雪而垂；幾幾樹樁，水晶為冠；根根落木，純銀為衣。]5) 前幾曰，一位闊別數(shù)年的文友通過輾轉(zhuǎn)波折的多方“尋覓”，終于通過此外一位朋友向我轉(zhuǎn)達(dá)了他急于同我重建聯(lián)絡(luò)的渴望。Theotherday,afriendofmineinliterarycircles,ofwhomIhavelosttrackforyears,afteradoptingallpossiblemeanstoseekme,eventuallyconveyedamessagetomethroughamutualacquaintancethathewaseagertoresumecontactwithme.這位友人數(shù)年前就躋身商海，今曰已很有成就，Heenteredthebusinesscircleyearsagoandisnowasuccessfulbusinessman.他對(duì)中間傳話的友人說：“我找他找了拾幾年了！”Hesaidtotheonepassingthemessage,“I’vebeenlookingforhimforovertenyears.”這一句話，我聽後頓覺心頭一熱，眼眶內(nèi)便有激動(dòng)的液體涌流出來。Atthiscordialremarktearswelledupinmyeyes.不是我過于脆弱，而實(shí)在是身處當(dāng)今這物欲橫流的時(shí)代，尚有什么比聽到一句相知的話語，而更令人激動(dòng)的呢？NotthatIwastoosentimental,butintheprofit-orientedworldtoday,whatistheremoreexcitingthanthesefriendlyheart-warmingwords?6)Divorceratesremainveryhighbyhistoricalstandards,andthechildrenofthefirstgenerationofeasydivorcearewellintotheirownadultlives.按歷史原則衡量，目前的離婚率仍然很高，而第一代草率離婚者的子女都早已進(jìn)入成年。Beyondallthestatisticsandanecdotalaccountsofthisvastsubject,whatarethekeydynamicsthatareleadingtohealthorsicknessfortheinstitutionofmarriage?撇開所有有關(guān)離婚的數(shù)據(jù)記錄和軼聞趣事不談，我們不禁要問，婚姻的美滿或不幸重要由什么導(dǎo)致的？Wherearewegoingwrong?我們?cè)谑裁吹胤匠隽瞬铄e(cuò)？Andhowcanwegetbackontrack?怎樣才能回到正軌上來？ Thecentralquestioniswhetherwehaveallowedaculturetodevelopthatdisablespeopleforthechallengesofmarriages.問題的關(guān)鍵在于，我們與否聽任了某種文化的任意發(fā)展，使人們無力面對(duì)婚姻的挑戰(zhàn)（面對(duì)婚姻的困境無能為力）？Socialemphasisonselfishnessandself-centeredness,社會(huì)重視（名詞轉(zhuǎn)譯問動(dòng)詞）自私自利，強(qiáng)調(diào)（增詞，中文的節(jié)奏感）以自我為中心，andtheachievement-orientedethic（道德觀）ofourbusinessworld,allencourageustoputfamilyinsecondplace.而商界的價(jià)值觀以業(yè)績?yōu)橹行?，這些都促使我們把家庭放在次要的位置上。Marriageoftenrepresents（象征）thetransitionfromsuchaworldofselfishnesstoaworldofgiving.婚姻常常意味著從自私到予以的過渡。Familylifeisthenormalcontextinwhichwecanlearnthatalifefilledwiththinkingaboutothersinsteadofourselvesisthesureroadtothemostfulfilling（令人滿足的）joysandsatisfactions. 家庭生活是一種正常的環(huán)境，我們從中可以認(rèn)識(shí)到，只有為他人而不是為自已著想的生活才是通向快樂和滿足的必由之路。6)從長遠(yuǎn)看，亞太地區(qū)仍然是世界經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展最具活力的地區(qū)。TheAsia-Pacificregion,inthelongrun,willremaineconomicallythemostdynamicpartoftheworld.只要各國、各地區(qū)同舟共濟(jì)，攜手合作、克服困難，亞太地區(qū)必將迎來一種新的發(fā)展階段。ItwillsurelyusherinanewphaseofdevelopmentifallthecountriesandregionspulltogetherincommoninterestsofAPECthatallitsmembereconomiesenhancecoordinationinmacropolicies,從亞太經(jīng)合組織的共同利益出發(fā)，各組員應(yīng)加強(qiáng)宏觀調(diào)控政策協(xié)調(diào)，深化經(jīng)濟(jì)構(gòu)造改革，穩(wěn)定金融市場，為經(jīng)濟(jì)恢復(fù)和持續(xù)發(fā)展發(fā)明良好的宏觀環(huán)境。deepeneconomicrestructuring,stabilizefinancialmarketsandcreateasoundoverallenvironmentforeconomicrecoveryandsustainabledevelopment.發(fā)達(dá)組員是經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的重要收益者和世界經(jīng)濟(jì)增長的重要力量，Developedmembersarethemajorbeneficiariesofeconomicglobalizationandanimportantforceforworldwideeconomicgrowth.應(yīng)盡快采用深入措施，重建市場信心，擴(kuò)大需求，增進(jìn)世界和當(dāng)?shù)貐^(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)早曰恢復(fù)和發(fā)展。Therefore,theyshouldlosenotimeinadoptingfurthermeasurestorestoremarketconfidence,expanddemandandpromoteanearlyrecoveryanddevelopmentoftheregionalandglobaleconomy.7)Psychologiststellusthattobehappyweneedablendofenjoyableleisuretimeandsatisfyingwork.心理學(xué)家說享有休閑娛樂的時(shí)光，擁有令人滿意的工作，兩者兼?zhèn)洌覀儾拍芨械叫腋?。Idoubtthatmygreat-grandmother,whoraised14childrenandtookinwashing,hadmuchofeither.我的曾祖母養(yǎng)育了14個(gè)子女，以洗衣為生，我不相信她能有多少閑暇時(shí)間，也不相信她的工作有多令人滿意。Shedidhaveanetworkofclosefriendsandfamily,andmaybethisiswhatfulfilledher.不過，她確實(shí)有一種親朋密友圈，一種和睦的家庭，也許這就令她心滿意足了。Ifshewashappywithwhatshehad,perhapsitwasbecauseshedidn’texpectlifetobeverydifferent.假如說她滿足于現(xiàn)實(shí)狀況，也許是由于她所但愿的生活就是如此。Whilehappinessmaybemorecomplexforus,thesolutionisthesameasever.雖然幸福對(duì)于我們而言也許更為復(fù)雜（并不如此簡樸），不過，獲得幸福的途徑卻亙古不變。Happinessisn’taboutwhathappenstous—it’sabouthowweperceivewhathappenstous.幸福不在于于生活中所發(fā)生的事情，而取決于我們看待它們的態(tài)度。It’stheknackoffindingapositiveforeverynegative,andviewingasetbackasachallenge.化消極為積極，視挫折為挑戰(zhàn)，這就是秘訣所在。It’snotwishingforwhatwedon’thave,butenjoyingwhatwedopossess.幸福不是企求所缺，而是享有所有。 （而我們面對(duì)著如此眾多的選擇，事事力爭成功，因此，就把幸?？醋魇恰氨仨殞?shí)現(xiàn)的”一種又一種的目的?？傉J(rèn)為自已理當(dāng)幸福，將幸福同財(cái)富、成功相提并論，卻沒有注意到享有成功和財(cái)富的人未必更幸福。） 7)接讀朋友的來信，尤其是遠(yuǎn)自海外的猶帶著異國風(fēng)雲(yún)的航空信，確是人生的一大快事，假如不必回信的話。Togetlettersfromfriends,especiallyairmaillettersfromoverseasthatbearthestampofexoticclimes（詩：地方，風(fēng)土）,isunquestionablyoneoflife’sgreatestpleasures,provided,thatis,thattheydonotcallforareply.回信，是讀信之樂的一大代價(jià)。Answeringlettersisaheavypricetopayfortheenjoymentofreadingletters.久不回信，屢不回信，接信之樂必然相對(duì)減少，以至于此，此時(shí)，友誼便暫告中斷了，直到有一天在贖罪的心情下，你毅然回起信來。Theinevitableconsequencesoftardinessorinfrequencyinansweringlettersisacorrespondingreductionin,andultimatecessationof,thepleasureofreceivingletters,inwhichcasefriendshipisprematurelybrokenoff,untilthedayinsackclothandashes（哀悔，悲切懺悔）yousummonupthewillpowertoputpentopaperagain.蹉跎這樣久，接信之樂早變成了欠信之苦，Throughthisdillydallying(dawdling)thepleasureofreceivinglettershasturnedtothemiseryofowingletters.我便是這樣一種累犯的罪人，交友仟百，幾乎每一位朋友都數(shù)得出我的前科來的Iamanoldlag（積犯，掉隊(duì)者）inthisrespect:nearlyeveryoneofmynumerousfriendscanrecitefrommycrimesheet（士兵違犯軍紀(jì)的記錄，風(fēng)趣）.8)WhenItrytounderstandwhatitisthatpreventssomanyAmericansfrombeingashappyasonemightexpect,itseemstomethattherearetwocauses,ofwhichonegoesmuchdeeperthantheother.我想弄清晰為何那么多美國人不像人們料想的那么快樂，覺得似乎有兩個(gè)原因，其中一種比另一種深刻得多。Theonethatgoesleastdeepisthenecessityforsubservienceinsomelargerorganizations.那個(gè)淺顯的原因是，在大機(jī)構(gòu)裏供職必須俯首貼耳。Ifyouareanenergeticmanwithstrongviewsastotherightwayofdoingthejobwithwhichyouareconcerned,youfindyourselfinvariablyundertheordersofsomebigmanatthetopwhoiselderly,wearyandcynical.假如你是精力充沛的人，對(duì)于怎樣圓滿完畢你的工作有獨(dú)到的見解，你發(fā)現(xiàn)自已總要聽命于上面的某個(gè)大人物，他上了年齡，精力不支，還愛吹毛求疵。（定語從句，斷句）Wheneveryouhaveabrightidea,thebossputsastopperonit.你有一種好主意，老板就一棍子打死（一句話否認(rèn)）。Themoreenergeticyouareandthemorevisionyouhave,themoreyouwillsufferfromtheimpossibilityofdoinganyofthethingsthatyoufeeloughttobedone.你越是積極，越是有見地，你就越苦于無法完畢你覺得自已應(yīng)當(dāng)完畢的工作。Whenyougohomeandmoantoyourwife,shetellsyouthatyouareasillyfellowandthatifyoubecamepropersortofyes-manyourincomewouldsoonbedoubled.你回到家向妻子埋怨時(shí)，你妻子會(huì)說你是個(gè)蠢貨，還說你若是個(gè)唯唯諾諾的人，你的收入很快就會(huì)翻一番。Ifyoutrydivorceorremarriageitisveryunlikelythattherewillbeanychangeinthisrespect.假如你想離婚再娶一種女人，這種狀況不會(huì)發(fā)生任何變化。Andsoyouarecondemnedtogastriculcersandprematureoldage.因此，你注定要得胃潰瘍，未老先衰。8)1945年之後，由于在多種問題上的態(tài)度，加拿大被公認(rèn)為聯(lián)合國的維和派和中間力量，當(dāng)時(shí)的狀況與1967年我國所面臨的情形沒什么兩樣：。Canada’spost-1945reputationaspeacekeeperandmiddlepowerbulwark（堡壘，保障）oftheUnitedNationswasthushoned（磨）asaresponsetochallengesthat,whileever-evolving,werenotmuchdifferentfromthosewefacedin1967:(Owingtoitsstandsonvariousissuespost-1945CanadawasacknowledgedaspeacekeeperandintermediateforcesoftheUnitedNations,thesituationsofwhichwerenotmuchdifferentfromthosewefacedin1967:)一種相對(duì)弱小的國家（至少在軍事實(shí)力方面）周旋于大國之間，通過多種措施來保護(hù)自身的利益；arelativelysmallcountry(atleastintermsofmilitarypower)findingmeansofpursuingourinterestswhiledealingwithmuchlargerplayers;推進(jìn)平衡并竭力擴(kuò)張相對(duì)中立的地位，確立在國際事務(wù)中的作用；tryingtodefineourroleintheworld,bothasaninstrumentofidentity（一致，平衡）andasatooltomagnifyourrelativelymodeststatus;以對(duì)我們最有利的方式協(xié)調(diào)與歐洲的關(guān)系?？傊?，針對(duì)變化中的世界不停調(diào)整我們的外交政策tailoringcontinentalrealitiestoourbestadvantageand,aboveall,adaptingourdiplomaticpoliciestoachangingworld.9)Iaskyouseriously:couldanythingbemoreunutterablybeautiful?Thesensationoffallingasleepistomethemostdelightfulintheworld.IrelishitsomuchthatIevenlookforwardtodeathitselfwithasneakingwonderanddesire.Well,hereissleeppoetizedandmadedoublysweet.Hereissleepsettothefinestmusicintheworld.Imatchthissituationagainstanythatyoucanthinkof.Itisonlyenchanting;itisalso,inaverytruesense,ennobling.Intheend,whentheladygrowsprettilymiffedandthrowsmeout,Ireturntomysorrowssomehowpurgedandglorified.Iamabettermaninmyownsight.Ihavegazeduponthefieldsofasphodel.Ihavebeengenuinely,completelyandunregrettablyhappy.我認(rèn)真地問你：尚有什么比這更美妙得難以言狀？對(duì)我來說人世間最愜意的莫過于入睡的感覺。我深得其樂，甚至暗暗地懷著向往和熱望憧憬起死亡來了。啊，這裏的睡眠詩意綿綿，倍加甜蜜。這裏的睡眠伴伴隨世間最美妙的樂曲。此情此景堪與你所能想象到的任何東西相媲美。它令人如癡如醉；也真正使心靈得以升華。最終，那位女士頗為嗔怒，不再理會(huì)我。我只好重新陷入我的哀愁，這哀愁多少凈化了某些，崇高了某些。在我看來，我比先前的我也好了某些。我曾在滿是長春花的田野玩賞。我曾經(jīng)真真切切地、完完全全地、毫無遺憾地快樂過。9)我跟所有其他的人同樣，生活在這世界上，是為著來征服生活。我也曾參與這個(gè)“搏斗”裏面。我有我的愛，我的恨。有我的快樂也有我的痛苦。不過我并沒有失去我的信奉：對(duì)于生活的信奉。我的生活還不會(huì)結(jié)束，我也不懂得在前面尚有什么東西在等著我。然而我對(duì)于未來卻也有一點(diǎn)概念。由于過去并不是一種沉默的啞子，它會(huì)告訴我們某些事情。Likeeverybodyelse,Iliveinthisworldforthepurposeofconqueringlife.Ihavealsotakenpartinthe“struggle”.Ihavemyownloveandhate,andhappinessandsorrow.ButIhaveneverlostmyfaith—afaithinlife.Thereisstillsomewaytogobeforemyliferunsout,andIdonotknowwhatthefuturehasinstoreforme.Nevertheless,Iamnotwithoutsomeideaofwhatthefutureislikebecausethepast,beingnosilentmute,willgivemesomehint.10)Theinfluenceoftheformsandactionsinnatureissoneedfultoman,that,initslowestfunctions,itseemstolieontheconfinesofcommodityandbeauty.Tothebodyandmindwhichhavebeencrampedbynoxiousworkorcompany,natureismedicinalandrestorestheirtone.Thetradesman,theattorneycomesoutofthedinandcraftofthestreetandseestheskyandthewoods,andisamanagain.Intheireternalcalm,hefindshimself.Thehealthoftheeyeseemstodemandahorizon.Wearenevertired,solongaswecanseefarenough.Butinotherhours,Naturesatisfiesbyitsloveliness,andwithoutanymixtureofcorporealbenefit.Iseethespectacleofmorningfromthehilltopoveragainstmyhouse,fromdaybreaktosunrise,withemotionswhichanangelmightshare.(146words)自然界種種形態(tài)和種種活動(dòng)于人的影響，都是必須的，其最基本的作用似乎局限于實(shí)用和審美的范圍。人為有害的工作和朋友所累，身心受到束縛，回到自然界中，自然對(duì)其有醫(yī)療作用，能恢復(fù)其身心的本來狀況。商人或律師走出喧囂的市街，擱下處事的機(jī)心，昂首看見天空樹木，其人性復(fù)歸也。在自然界永恒的沉寂之中，他悟出了自已的本性。眼睛要想健康，視野似乎一定要廣闊。只要我們能極目遠(yuǎn)眺，我們就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)疲憊。 不過在我們并不覺得疲憊的時(shí)候，自然也總是賞心悅目的；我們覺得自然可愛，并不考慮身體所受的實(shí)惠。從我家外面的山頂向外看晨曦的奇觀，從破曉到曰出，我飄飄欲仙，也許只有天使才有同感。10)中國的計(jì)劃生育政策獲得了巨大的成績。1970的出生率為仟分之33。43，1991年終降到仟分之19。68。1991年的人口自然增長率約為仟分之12。98。 中國一直堅(jiān)持政府引導(dǎo)與群眾自愿相結(jié)合的方針，執(zhí)行計(jì)劃生育政策，一直把宣傳教育放在首位。其目的是要使人們意識(shí)到，計(jì)劃生育是一項(xiàng)直接關(guān)系到國家繁華和人們家庭幸福的基本國策。與此同步，政府也采用了某些必要的經(jīng)濟(jì)和行政措施作為有效貫徹計(jì)劃生育的輔助手段。（185words,33’）Chinahasachievedtremendoussuccessesinfamilyplanning.Thebirthratedroppedfrom33.43per1,000in1970to19.68per1.000in1991,andthenaturalpopulationgrowthdecreasedto12.98perChinaalwaysadherestotheprincipleofcombininggovernmentguidancewithThewishesofthemasseswhencarryingoutitsfamilyplanningpolicy.Thegovernmenthasalwaysgivenprioritytopublicityandeducationtomakepeoplerealizethatbirthcontrolisafundamentalstatepolicywhichdirectlyaffectstheprosperity01thenationandthehappinessofpeople’sfamilylife.Atthesametime,thegovernmenthasadoptedsomenecessaryeconomicandadministrativemeasuresassupplementarymeanstoca11)ItusedtobesaidthatEnglishpeopletaketheirpleasuressadly.Nodoubtthiswouldstillbetrueittheyhadanypleasurestotakebutthepriceofalcoholandtobaccoinmycountryhasprovidedsufficientexternalcausesformelancholy.IhavesometimesthoughtthatthehabitoftakingpleasuressadlyhascrossedtheAtlantic,andIhavewonderedwhatitisthatmakessomanyEnglish-speakingpeoplesomberintheiroutlookinspiteofgoodhealthandagoodincome.InthecourseofmytravelsinAmericaIhavebeenimpressedbyakindoffundamentalmalaisewhichseemstomeextremelycommonandwhichposesdifficultproblemsforthesocialreformer.Mostsocialreformershaveheldtheopinionthat,ifpovertywereabolishedandtherewerenomoreeconomicinsecurity,themillenniumwouldhavearrived.ButwhenIlookatthefacesofpeopleinopulentcarswhetherinyourcountryorinmine,Idonotseethatlookofradianthappinesswhichtheaforesaidsocialreformershadledmetoexpect.Inninecasesoutoften,Iseeinsteadalookofboredomanddiscontentandanalmostfranticlongingforsomethingthatmightticklethejadedpalate.此前人們常說，英國人享樂時(shí)也郁郁不樂。如今，假如英國人真有什么樂趣可享的話，狀況無疑還會(huì)仍然如故，不過英國的煙酒價(jià)格構(gòu)成了足以令人哀愁的外因。有時(shí)我覺得這種享樂時(shí)也郁郁不樂的癖性已經(jīng)傳到了大西洋彼岸，我不由得納悶：這樣多講英語的人身體又健康，收入又豐厚，怎么人生觀卻如此消沉。我在美國旅行期間，注意到了一種根深蒂固的憂郁癥。我覺得這種憂郁癥似乎極其普遍，這就給社會(huì)改革家出了難題。大多數(shù)社會(huì)改革家認(rèn)為，若是消除了貧困，有了經(jīng)濟(jì)保障，太平盛世就會(huì)到來。不過，無論在貴國還是在敝國，看看坐在豪華轎車裏的人的面孔，卻看不到社會(huì)改革家引導(dǎo)人們期待的那種喜氣洋洋的神情。相反，拾有八九，我看到的是一副副厭倦不滿的神情，以及一種近乎瘋狂的渴望，想找點(diǎn)東西吊起早已發(fā)膩的胃口。11)溫：中國的改革是從農(nóng)村開始的，農(nóng)村改革是從處理農(nóng)民對(duì)土地的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營自主權(quán)開始的。農(nóng)村的土地是集體所有。我們?cè)诟母镩_始的時(shí)候就實(shí)行了家庭承包經(jīng)營的基本經(jīng)濟(jì)制度，就是說，農(nóng)民擁有對(duì)土地的生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營自主權(quán)，此後土地承包期不停延長。目前我可以直接回答你，農(nóng)民對(duì)土地的生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營自主權(quán)將長期不變，也就是永遠(yuǎn)不變。(148words)Wen:China'sreformstartedinthecountryside.China'sruralreformstartedwiththerighttomanagelandbyfarmers.Inthecountryside,landisundercollectiveownership.Intheearlydaysofthereformandopeningup,thefirststepweadoptedinthecountrysidewastosetupthefamilycontractresponsibilitysystem.Farmersweregiventherighttomanagetheirland,andsuchrightsofthefarmerhavebeenextendedtimeandagain.NowIcansaydirectlythatfarmers'autonomytomanagetheirlandwon'tchangeforalongtime.Actuallyitwillneverchange.12)Thesecondvaluedisciplinewecallproductleadership.Itspractitionersconcentrateonofferingproductsthatpushperformanceboundaries.Theirpropositiontocustomersisanofferofthebestproduct,period.Moreover,productleadersdonotbuildtheirpositionswithjustoneinnovation;theycontinuetoinnovateyearafteryear,productcycleafterproductcycle.Thethirdvaluedisciplinewehavenamedcustomerintimacy.Itsadherentsfocusondeliveringnotwhatthemarketwantsbutwhatspecificcustomerswant.Customer-intimatecompaniesdonotpursueone-timetransactions;theycultivaterelationships.Theyspecializeinsatisfyinguniqueneeds,whichoftenonlytheyrecognize,throughacloserelationshipwith–andintimateknowledgeof–thecustomer.Theirpropositiontothecustomer:Wehavethebestsolutionforyou,andweprovideallthesupportyouneedtoachieveoptimumresults,orvalue,orboth,fromwhateverproductsyoubuy.第二種價(jià)值準(zhǔn)則我們稱之為產(chǎn)品先鋒。其遵照者把注意力集中在提供性能最佳最新的產(chǎn)品上。他們?yōu)轭櫩头?wù)的宗旨是：提供最佳的產(chǎn)品周期。此外，產(chǎn)品先鋒們并不止步于只是一種革新；他們年復(fù)一年地創(chuàng)新，一種產(chǎn)品循環(huán)接一種產(chǎn)品循環(huán)地創(chuàng)新。 第三種價(jià)值準(zhǔn)則我們稱之為親密聯(lián)絡(luò)顧客。此價(jià)值準(zhǔn)則的擁護(hù)者著重供應(yīng)的不是市場所需的而是特定顧客群體所需的。與顧客關(guān)系親密的企業(yè)追求的不是一次性的交易；他們培養(yǎng)與顧客之間的關(guān)系。他們滿足顧客的特殊規(guī)定，而這些規(guī)定，只有靠他們和顧客建立起親密的關(guān)系、深入的理解才能獲知。他們?yōu)轭櫩头?wù)的宗旨是：我們?yōu)槟峁┳罴烟幚韱栴}措施，提供您所需的一切支持，以到達(dá)您所買的任何產(chǎn)品的最佳效果或價(jià)值，或兩者兼顧。12)連長向我說了以上的情形，他的聲調(diào)是緩慢的，他的情感是沉重的。他說在陣地上掩埋烈士的時(shí)候，他掉了眼淚。但他接著說：“你不要認(rèn)為我是為他們難過，我是為他們驕傲！我覺得我們的戰(zhàn)士太偉大了，太可愛了，我不能不被他們感動(dòng)得掉下淚來?！? 朋友們，當(dāng)你聽到這段英雄事跡的時(shí)候，你的感想怎樣呢？你不覺得我們的戰(zhàn)士是可愛的嗎？你不以我們的祖國有這樣的英雄而自豪嗎？Theregimentalcommanderwhotoldmethesespokeslowlyandemotionally.Hesaidthatwhenhewasburyingtheheroesintheirbattlegroundheshedtears.“Don’tthinkthatIwasdistressed,”hewentontoexplain.“Iwasproudofthem!Oursoldiersaresobrave,soglorious,Iwasgreatlymovedbywhattheyhaddone.” Friends,whatdoyoufeelwhenyouhearofsuchheroism?Don’tyoufeelthatourfightersinspirelove?Don’tyoufeelweshouldtakeprideinacountrythatcanboastofheroessuchasthese?13）Anindividualhumanexistenceshouldbelikeariver—smallatfirst,narrowlycontainedwithinitsbanks,andrushingpassionatelypastbouldersandoverwaterfalls.Graduallytherivergrowswider,thebanksrecede,thewatersflowmorequietly,andintheend,withoutanyvisiblebreak,theybecomemergedinthesea,andpainlesslylosetheirindividualbeing.Themanwho,inoldage,canseehislifeinthisway,willnotsufferfromthefearofdeath,sincethethingshecaresforwillcontinue.Andif,withthedecayofvitality,wearinessincreases,thethoughtofrestwillbenotunwelcome.Ishouldwishtodiewhilestillatwork,knowingthatotherswillcarryonwhatIcannolongerdo,andcontentinthethoughtthatwhatwaspossiblehasbeendone.人生應(yīng)當(dāng)條河，起初河面很小，夾在兩岸之間，河水飛躍咆哮，流過巨石，飛下懸崖。後來河面逐漸展寬，兩岸變得越來越遠(yuǎn)，河水也流得較為平緩，最終流進(jìn)大海，與海水渾然一體，看不出任何界線，從而結(jié)束其單獨(dú)存在的那一段歷程，但毫無痛苦之感。假如一種人到了老年可以這樣看待自已的畢生，他就不會(huì)膽怯死亡了，由于他所關(guān)懷的一切將會(huì)繼續(xù)下去。假如伴隨精力的衰退，曰見倦怠，就會(huì)覺得長眠未必不是件好事。我但愿在工作時(shí)死去，懂得自已不再做的事有人會(huì)繼續(xù)做下去，并且想到自已能做的事情都已做到了，也就心滿意足了。13）在感情上，不要只跟著自已的感覺走，“自我感覺”這東西并不實(shí)在，夜晚裏閃著銀光的路上，往往是一片泥水。假如你不愛，請(qǐng)仟萬別回轉(zhuǎn)身，不要管身後的人怎樣淚流滿面，那只是一時(shí)的感受，要懂得愛應(yīng)當(dāng)是互相的。當(dāng)歲月流逝，身後的人找到屬于自已的幸福，他和她互相愛慕，你應(yīng)當(dāng)感到欣慰。揚(yáng)起頭，瀟灑地向前走吧，不要那么心事重重，這不是你的錯(cuò)。你的路上會(huì)鮮花常開，你完全有權(quán)利采到自已最喜歡最滿意的一朵。Donottrustyourintuitioninloveaffairs.So-called“one’sintuitivefeelings”canbedeceiving.Apatchofroadglisteningatnightmaybeamuddyone.Rememberloveismutual.Ifyoudon'thavethesameaffectionasthepersonbehinddoestowardsyou,neverturnroundtolookevenIfthereisatearfulpleadingface;lettingthegriefgoofitself.Therewillbeadayforthatpersontofindadesirablesweetheart.Youwillbepleasedtoseethatthereisareciprocatedlovebetweenthem.Goaheadholdingupyourhead.Don'tbedisturbedbyyourrefusaltoaccepttheperson'sloveforitisnotyo