圖片上美國(guó)史U1C3

PictorialHistoryofAmericaFloraLiuUnit1

EuropeansDiscoveredaNewWorldTheme:AninterestinadventureandtradeledtothediscoveryoftheNewWorld.Chapter1:IndiansweretheFirstAmericansChapter2:EuropeansSoughtAdventureandTradeChapter3:ColumbusDiscoveredaNewWorldChapter4:BoldMenProvedthatAmericawasaNewWorldChapter3:

ColumbusDiscoveredaNewWorldIn1492,holdingaswordandtheflagofSpain,ChristopherColumbusclaimedanislandintheNewWorld.HethoughthehadreachedAsia.QuestionstobeansweredinthischapterWhydidColumbusexploreforSpain?WhydidColumbussailwestfromEuropeinsteadoffollowingtheexampleofthePortuguesewhosailedalongthecoastlineofAfrica?HowdidColumbus’searlyexperiencehelphiminhisvoyageofdiscovery?WhywerethenewlandscalledAmerica?1.ColumbusPreparedforExplorationColumbuswasborninGenoa,Italy,andwasinterestedingeographyandscience.HewenttoPortugalandmarriedadaughterofPrinceHenry’scaptains.Hehadgreatskillsindrawingmaps.Columbusdidnotagreethattheworldwasasflatasadesk.HebeganthinkingitwouldbepossibletosailwesttoreachtheEast.ArtistsofColumbus’stimeoftendecoratedtheirmapswithfearfulseaserpents.1)ColumbusSoughtHelpinPortugalColumbustriedfirsttogetshipsfromthekingthePortugal.HebelievedCipango(Japan)wasseparatedfromEuropebyanoceanonly2500miles(4023km)wide.Theking’sadvisersreportedthatColumbus’sfiguresonthesizeoftheworldwereincorrect.AfterDiaz’svoyagearoundthesoutherntipofAfrica,thekingofPortugallostallinterestinColumbus’sideas.2)ColumbusWenttotheCourtofSpainThenColumbuswenttoKingFerdinandandQueenIsabellaofSpainforhelp.Theyfinallyagreedtogivehimthreeships,theNina,thePinta,andtheSantaMaria.TheShipsofColumbusTheBiggestShip—SantaMaria1.stone,ballast2.supplies,food,water3.rowboat,ship’stender4.crewmencookedfood5.crew’scabin6.officers’cabin7.steersman8.Columbus’scabin2.ColumbusSetSailfortheWestAugust3,1492—ColumbusleftPalos,Spainwith90menand3ships.Healteredthelogtokeepthecrewfromturningback.October12,1492—helandedonanislandthathenamedSanSalvador,whichheclaimedforSpain.LandingofChristopherColumbusinAmerica.3.ColumbusReturnedtoSpainandDescribedtheNewWorldMarch,1493—ColumbusreturnedtoSpain.KingFerdinandandQueenIsabellapaidhimgreathonorsandtreatedhimroyally.←ColumbuswasgreetedbyKingFerdinandandQueenIsabellaonhisreturntoSpain.Hedescribed:Thelandwasgreen,fertileandbeautiful.Theclimatewasmild.Thepeoplewerefriendlybutpoor.Theirhairwasshortandcoarse.Theypaintedtheirfacesandbody.Theybroughtcottonthread,parrots,dartstoexchangethingswithus.Theyatesweetpotatoandmaize.ColumbusbelievedtheislandshehaddiscoveredwerenearIndia,sohecalledtheislandstheIndiesandhenamedthepeopletheIndians.TodaytheseislandsareknownastheWestIndies.4.ColumbusReturnedtotheWestIndiesOnhissecondvoyage,hetook1500menand17shipsinhopetobuildtownsandfarmstoholdtheislandsforSpain.Onhissecond,third,andfourthvoyages,hediscoveredotherislands,exploredapartofthecoastofSouthAmericaandCentralAmerica.ButheneversawthemainlandofNorthAmerica.TheFourVoyagesofChristopherColumbusHefoundafewpearlsandsomegold,buthedidnotfindthesplendidcitiesofAsiathatMarcoPolohaddescribed.KingFerdinandandQueenIsabellabecameangrywhenColumbuswasunabletofulfillhispromisestobringbackrichtreasure,sotheytookawayhishonors.Duringhislastfewyears,Columbuswasdisappointedanddiscouraged.Columbusdiedwithoutknowingthathehaddiscoveredanewworld,hethoughthehadreachedtheEast.5.TheNewWorldWasNamedAmericaManyotherexplorerssailedtothenewlandsafterColumbus.AmongthemwasanItalian,AmerigoVespucci,whowrotealettertohisfriendtellhisexperienceintheNewWorld.Although

Amerigo’saccountwasnotaccurate,itbroughthimfamewhenthefriendhadtheletterprinted.TwoyoungteachersinFrance,whowerewritingageographybook,readtheletter.TheydecidedtocallthosenewlandsAmerica,becauseAmerigohaddescribedthemsowell.TheMainPointsinThisChapterWhydidColumbusexploreforSpain?ColumbusfailedtogethelpfromthekingofPortugaltocarryouthisplan,butQueenIsabellaofSpainfinallywaspersuadedtogiveColumbusmoneyforthreesmallships.WhydidColumbussailwestfromEuropeinsteadoffollowingtheexampleofthePortuguesewhosailedalongthecoastlineofAfrica?Columbuswantedtoprovewhattheeducatedmenofthetimebelieved,thattheworldwasnotflatbutroundandthatashipsailingwestwouldreachtheEast.HowdidColumbus’searlyexperiencehelphiminhisvoyageofdiscovery?ColumbusstudiedbooksandmapsandmadevoyagestoAfricaandIceland.Why