河北省部分重點高中2023-2024學年高三上學期2月期末英語試題（解析版）

高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1河北省部分重點高中2023-2024學年高三上學期2月期末英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A．￡19.15．B．￡9.18.C．￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Gototheplayground. B.Getoutoftheelevator. C.Stopjumpingintheelevator.【答案】C【原文】W:Becareful.Stopjumpingintheelevator.It’sdangeroustodothat.Ifyouwanttoplay,whydon’tyougototheplayground?M:I’msorry.Iwon’tdothatagain.2.Whatwillhappenaboutthecitycenter?A.Therewillbemorepollution. B.Therewillbemorebicycletracks. C.Therewillbemoreparkingareas.【答案】B【原文】W:Didyouhearaboutthechangestothecitycenter?Startingnextmonth,therewillbemorebicycletracksandlessstreetparking.M:That’sgood.Therewillbelesspollutiondowntown.I’msuretherewillbefeweraccidents,too.3.Howwillthewomanpay?A.Incash. B.Bycheck. C.Bycreditcard.【答案】C【原文】W:Howmuchisit?M:$375.Willthatbecashorcreditcard?Wealsoacceptchecks.W:I’llpaybycreditcard.Idon’tcarrythatmuchcashwithme.4.Whyisthewomanunsatisfiedwiththefish?A.Ittastesterrible. B.Itisservedtoolate. C.It’snotwhatsheordered.【答案】A【原文】M:Isthereanythingwrong,madam?W:Therecertainlyis.Thisfishisnotfittoeat.Tostartwith,it’sovercooked,andthenit’scold,too.M:I’msorryaboutthat.I’llhaveitchanged.5.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Inarestaurant. B.Inatheatre. C.Atagasstation.【答案】B【原文】W:Didyougetsomegasforthecar?M:Oh,Iforgot.We’dbettergetsomeonourwayback.Shallwegetsomethingtoeatnow?W:I’mnothungrynow.Let’sgoforamid-nightdinneraftertheplay.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。6.Whodoesthemanwanttospeakto?A.MaryJones. B.JackStewart. C.DavidBowie.7.Whenwillthetrainingcoursestart?A.OnJune12th. B.OnJuly12th. C.OnJuly22nd.【答案】6.C7.B【原文】W:Hello,MaryJones.M:Hello.ThisisJackStewart.IsDavidBowiethere?W:No,I’msorry.Hehasjustlefttheoffice.M:Whenwillhebeback?W:NottillThursday.CanItakeamessage?M:Yes,thanks.ThisisJackStewarthere.Iwanttotalktohimaboutatrainingcourseheisinterestedin.ItwillstartonJuly12th,notonJuly22ndasoriginallyplanned.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。8.Howmuchistherentfortheextralargetentperday?A.$10. B.$50. C.$60.9.Whatwillthemandonext?A.Reserveatent. B.Lookforacampingsite. C.Changehercampingplan.【答案】8.C9.A【原文】M:Hello,Ineedtorentanoutdoortentwhichisbigenoughforfourpeople.W:Thenyou’llneedourlargetent.Itcanberentedfor50dollarsperday.Butforanextra10dollars,youcanreserveourextralargetent.Itwilloffersomeadditionalstandingroomspace.M:Ithinkthat’sexactlywhatIneed.W:Great,butyou’llhavetoreserveatentatleastoneweekinadvance,forit’salittleshortofsupply.M:Noproblem!Ourcampingtripisnextmonth.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。10.Whenwillthemantourthecampus?A.OnMondaymorning. B.OnMondayafternoon. C.OnTuesdayafternoon.11.Whichyearofcollegearethespeakersprobablyinnow?A.Thethirdyear. B.Thesecondyear. C.Thefirstyear.12.WhatactivitywillthemantakepartinonTuesdaymorning?A.LibraryTour. B.StudentUnionInduction. C.CareersLecture.【答案】10.B11.C12.A【原文】M:Liz,I’mlookingatthetimetablehere.Itseemsthattherearesomechoicesavailable.W:So,whatareyougoingtodoonMondayafternoon?Inthemorningweallhavetheopeninglecture.M:Well,theCareersLecturemightbehelpful,butIaminterestedintheUniversityTour.So,I’mdoingthetourfirst,thenthelecture.W:Alright.Mightlearnsomethinginteresting.Afterall,wehaven’tseenmuchoftheuniversityyet,andwewillbespendingfouryearshere.M:OnTuesdayafternoon,there’salectureaboutstudyskills,butthatmorningoffersanotherchoice.W:LibraryTourorStudentUnionInduction,whatdoyouthink?M:Ithinkthestudentunionisveryimportant,butwecangothereanytime.Nowweshouldtakeadvantageofthelibrarytour.W:OK.Wednesdaymorningisfree,butafterlunchthere’sachoicebetweenvisitingthecomputerlabandattendingalectureonourlegalrights.M:Well,computersarethebasisofeverythingthesedays,soI’mgoingtothecomputerlab.聽下面一段對話，回答以下小題。13.Whatpositionisthemanapplyingfor?A.Amusicteacher. B.Aradiohost. C.ATVproducer.14.Whatdoesthemansayaboutsendinge-mails?A.Heisgoodatit. B.Heneedstimetopractice.C.Heprefersmakingphonecalls.15.Whatdoesthejobinvolveaccordingtothewoman?A.Alotoftraffic. B.Gettingupearly. C.Dealingwithcomplaints.16.Whoappearsintheman’sreferencelist?A.Hisformerboss. B.Hisformerclassmate. C.Hisformercolleague.【答案】13.B14.A15.B16.C【原文】W:Haveaseat,please.Tellmewhyyouwantthisjob.M:I’veworkedasamusicteachermywholelife,andIwantachange.AsIlovemusicsomuch,Ithinkworkingasahostataradiostationwouldbeperfectforme.W:Thedutiesofthisjobincludeansweringthephonesandsendinge-mails.Howareyouwiththesethings?M:I’mexperiencedinsendinge-mails,andwhenIwasateenager,IworkedataTVstationansweringphonecalls.Iguessit’sprettysimilar.W:Wealsohavesomeearlymorningshereinthestudio.Sometimesyou’llhavetobeherearound4:00am.M:Good.I’manearlyriser,sothat’seasyforme.Italsomeanslesstraffic,whichisgreat.W:DoyouhavereferencesIcancall?M:Yes,Ihavealisttogiveyou.TwoarethepeopleIworkedwithatmylastjob,andoneisaprofessorofmygraduateschool.W:Okay.I’llgiveyouacallsoontoletyouknowourdecision.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。17.Whenwilltheracebeheldthisyear?A.OnMay11th. B.OnMay23rd. C.OnMay24th.18.Wheredoestheracestart?A.Atthefootballground. B.Onthenorthsideofthepark. C.Atthemainentranceofthepark.19.Whatcaneveryrunnergetthisyear?A.Awaterbottle. B.AT-shirt. C.Apairofrunningshoes.20.Whocanrunintheracefreeofcharge?A.Childrenundertheageof8.B.Childrenbetween8and15.C.Adultswhohaveregisteredinadvance.【答案】17.C18.A19.A20.B【原文】M:I’mCarolJohnson,theorganizerofthisyear’sAbingtonFunRun.I’mdelightedtotellyouthatthisyearitwillbeheldonMay24th.It’sopentorunnersofanyage.ThecourseofthefunrunwillbethroughthebeautifulenvironmentofAbingtonParkandthetotaldistancewillbethreekilometers,startingandfinishingatthefootballground.That’sonthesouthsideofthepark,veryclosetothemainentrance.AbingtonFunRunisaraceinwhichtherearenowinnersorlosers.Everyonewhotakespartwillbegivensomethingtoremembertheday.LastyearitwasaT-shirt.Thisyearitwillbeawaterbottle.Thecostforadultsis$8ifyouregisterinadvanceor$10ontheday.Anychildundertheageof15cantakepartforfreebutthere’salowestagelimitof8.Ifyouwouldliketojoininit,entryformsandaninformationpackwithlotsofusefultipsforimprovingyourfitnessandpreparingfortherunareavailablefromanynewsagent’s.Seeyouthere.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2．5分，滿分37．5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AHerearefourfestivalsaroundtheworldthatcanofferyouspecialanduniqueexperiences.CarnivalofOruro,BoliviaAsoneofthelargesteventsinSouthAmericawhichhasbeenheldsincethe18thcentury,itwasrecognizedbyUNESCOasamasterpieceoftheOralandIntangibleHeritageofHumanity.Everyyear,dozensofgroupswearcolorfulcostumesormasksandperformfolkdancesthatdrawcrowdsupto400,000annually,celebratingpre-Columbiantraditions.UnderwaterMusicFestival,theUSAItstartsfrom1985anditsfoundertookmusicfestivalstoawholenewlevelwiththeaimtoprotectthecorals(珊瑚).Theeventhousesradioplaylistsandocean-themedsongsstreaminglivefromunderwaterspeakersalongwithmusician-diversandlocalpeopleplayinginstrumentswithstrangeshapes.DayoftheLittleCandles,ColombiaThisfestivalcandatebackto1854andColombia’swindows,balconies,andsidewalkswouldcomealiveonthenightofeveryDecember7.Andhousesandstreetsaredecoratedwithcandlesinvaryingcolorsandpaperlanternsbyfamilies.ManypeoplealsoconsiderittheunofficialstartoftheChristmasseasonwhencitiesandtownsdebut(初次登場)theirChristmaslightsanddecorations.WorldToeWrestlingChampionship,EnglandThiscompetitionisnotanewcompetition,withitshistorygoingbackto1976.Thesportinvolvestwoopponentswholockfeetinanattempttopineachother’sfootdownintheleasttimepossible,similartoarmwrestling.Therearethreeroundsplayedonabestof2outof3bases.Roundskick-startwiththerightfoot,thenleftandfollowedbyrightagain.21.WhatdoweknowaboutCarnivalofOruro?A.Itfeaturescolorfulcostumesandfolkdances.B.Itisatimeforfamiliestoreunite.C.Itisnouseforthelocaleconomy.D.Itonlyhasonesinglepresentation.22.WhatdoesDayoftheLittleCandlesfeature?A.Bodystrength. B.Colorfulcandles.C.Underwatercreatures. D.Christmasgoods.23.Whichfestivalhastheshortesthistory?A.CarnivalofOruro. B.DayoftheLittleCandles.C.UnderwaterMusicFestival. D.WorldToeWrestlingChampionship.【答案】21.A22.B23.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。介紹了不同國家的四個節(jié)日?！?1題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Everyyear,dozensofgroupswearcolorfulcostumesormasksandperformfolkdancesthatdrawcrowdsupto400,000annually,celebratingpre-Columbiantraditions.(每年，數(shù)十個團體都會穿著五顏六色的服裝或戴著面具，表演民間舞蹈，每年吸引多達40萬人參加，慶祝前哥倫布時代的傳統(tǒng)。)”可知，CarnivalofOruro的節(jié)日特色是每年有幾十個隊伍穿著五顏六色的服裝表演民間舞蹈，故選A項?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“Andhousesandstreetsaredecoratedwithcandlesinvaryingcolorsandpaperlanternsbyfamilies.(房屋和街道上都裝飾著各種顏色的蠟燭和家庭的紙燈籠)”可知，在DayoftheLittleCandles，家家戶戶用不同顏色的蠟燭和紙燈籠裝飾房屋和街道，故選B項。【23題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“UnderwaterMusicFestival,theUSA(海底音樂節(jié)，美國)”部分的“Thisfestivalcandatebackto1854(這個節(jié)日可追溯到1845年)”并對比其他節(jié)日的起源可知，UnderwaterMusicFestival始于1985年，是四個節(jié)日中歷史最短的一個，故選C項。BPhillip,27,fromtheUK,pulledattheheartstringsofpeopleacrosstheworldaftergivinghismother,Trish,aspecialNewYearpresent—hesurprisedhismomwithavoicerecordingofhislatefather,whichhemadewiththehelpofAI.Theyoungman’sdad,John,passedawayfromcancerin2022—leavinghiswifeandchildrenmourning.Afterseeinghismomstrugglingtogetthroughtheholidays,heturnedtoAItogiveheragiftshewouldneverforget.Inavideo,whichhassofarhadmorethan6.2millionviews,the27-year-oldshowedviewershismom’sreactiontohearingherlatehusband’svoice.“Mydadpassedawayfromcancer1.5yearsagosoIdecidedtodosomethingspecialformymomthisNewYear,”hesaidashismotherunwrappedthepresent.“It’sbeensolongsinceweheardhisvoice,soImadeheravideousingAIsoftwaretomatchhisexactvoice.Andtheresultwasamazing.”Inadditiontohisfather’svoice,Phillipmadeavideothatfeaturedphotosofhisdad.WhenTrishopenedthephotobook,tearsimmediatelyformed.“Hi,honey.Iloveyou.Iwantyoutoknowyouarethebestmothertoourkidsandthestrongestwomaninthewholeworld,”theAIvoicesaid.“I’malwayswithyou.IhopeyouguyshaveahappyNewYear.”Philliprevealedthathiswife,Kassandra,firstgavehimtheideatouseAItorecreatehisdad’svoice.Althoughhewasskepticalatfirst,oncehegottoworkusingthetext-to-speechsoftware,hewasshockedattheoutcome.“Whentheprogramsaiditinhisvoice...Igotchills(寒戰(zhàn))allovermybody.That’swhyIdecidedtodothisnomatterwhat,”Phillipsaid.24.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“pulledattheheartstrings”inparagraph1mean?A.Encouragedcreativity. B.Touchedthehearts.C.Promotedgooddeeds. D.Providedcomfort.25.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheyoungman?A.Adaptable. B.Demanding.C.Heart-warming. D.Hard-working.26.HowdidTrishreacttothespecialgift?A.Shewasterriblyfrightened. B.Shetookitforgranted.C.Shevieweditasadream. D.Shewaswildwithjoy.27.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Phillip’sinterestinmakingtherecording.B.Phillip’sdoubtovermakingtherecording.C.Phillip’sstruggleformakingtherecording.D.Phillip’sinspirationtomaketherecording.【答案】24.B25.C26.D27.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇記敘文。講述了27歲的Phillip為了讓母親走出丈夫去世的悲痛，用AI技術(shù)重現(xiàn)了父親的聲音，給了母親一份特別的新年禮物?！?4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“givinghismother,Trish,aspecialNewYearpresent—hesurprisedhismomwithavoicerecordingofhislatefather,whichhemadewiththehelpofAI.”（他給母親Trish送了一份特別的新年禮物——他在人工智能的幫助下錄下了已故父親的語音，給母親帶來了驚喜。）可知，Phillip利用人工智能技術(shù)重現(xiàn)了父親的聲音，這對他母親來說是非常驚喜的，Phillip的孝心也會感動全世界的人，故推知pulledattheheartstrings意為“觸動心弦”。故選B項?！?5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“hesurprisedhismomwithavoicerecordingofhislatefather,whichhemadewiththehelpofAI.”（他在人工智能的幫助下錄下了已故父親的語音，給母親帶來了驚喜。）及第二段“Theyoungman’sdad,John,passedawayfromcancerin2022—leavinghiswifeandchildrenmourning.Afterseeinghismomstrugglingtogetthroughtheholidays,heturnedtoAItogiveheragiftshewouldneverforget.”（這位年輕人的父親約翰于2022年因癌癥去世，留下哀痛的妻子和孩子。在看到他的媽媽掙扎著度過假期后，他決定利用人工智能技術(shù)給她一份她永遠不會忘記的禮物。）可知，Phillip用人工智能技術(shù)為母親制作父親的錄音是暖心的，孝順的。故選C項?！?6題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第二句“WhenTrishopenedthephotobook,tearsimmediatelyformed.”（Trish打開相冊的時候，眼淚立刻涌了出來。）及倒數(shù)第二段““Hi,honey.Iloveyou.Iwantyoutoknowyouarethebestmothertoourkidsandthestrongestwomaninthewholeworld,”theAIvoicesaid.“I’malwayswithyou.IhopeyouguyshaveahappyNewYear.””（“嗨,親愛的。我愛你。我想讓你知道，你是我們孩子最好的母親，也是世界上最堅強的女人?！比斯ぶ悄艿穆曇粽f道：“我永遠和你在一起。祝大家新年快樂?！保┛芍?，Trish看到兒子送的特別的禮物，聽到丈夫熟悉的聲音，喜極而泣。故選D項?！?7題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Philliprevealedthathiswife,Kassandra,firstgavehimtheideatouseAItorecreatehisdad’svoice.Althoughhewasskepticalatfirst,oncehegottoworkusingthetext-to-speechsoftware,hewasshockedattheoutcome.“Whentheprogramsaiditinhisvoice...Igotchillsallovermybody.That’swhyIdecidedtodothisnomatterwhat,”Phillipsaid.”（Phillip透露，他的妻子卡Kassandra首先給了他用人工智能重現(xiàn)父親聲音的想法。雖然他一開始是持懷疑態(tài)度的，但當他開始使用這個文本轉(zhuǎn)語音軟件時，他對結(jié)果感到震驚?！爱敵绦蛴盟穆曇粽f出來的時候……我渾身一震。這就是我決定無論如何都要這么做的原因，”菲利普說。）可知，本段主要介紹了他制作錄音的靈感來源及決心。故選D項。CAteamofleadingenvironmentalexpertshavewarnedthatthecurrentwaronplasticisdetractingfromthebiggerthreatstotheenvironment.Inanarticle,theysaythatwhileplasticwasteisanissue,itsprominenceinthegeneralpublic’sconcernfortheenvironmentisovershadowinggreaterthreats,forexample,climatechangeandbiodiversityloss.Theteamarguethatmuchofthebadtalkaboutplasticwasteisbasedondatathatisnotalwaysrepresentativeoftheenvironmentsthathavebeensampled.Thedislikeofplasticassociatedwiththiscouldencouragetheuseofalternativematerialswithpotentiallyharmfuleffects.Theauthorswarnthatplasticpollutiondominatesthepublic’sconcernfortheenvironmentandhasbeenexploitedpolitically,aftercapturingtheattentionoftheworld,forexample,throughtheimagesofwildlifecaughtinplasticwasalarmistheadlines.Theysaysmallpoliticalgesturessuchaslawbanningcosmeticmicroplastics,taxingplasticbags,andfinancialrewardsforusingreusablecontainers,aswellasthepromotionofproductsas“green”forcontaininglessplasticthanalternatives,makepeopleneglectotherenvironmentalproblemsthatarenotasnoticeableasplasticpollution.Thearticlealsohighlightsthatplasticisnottheonlytypeofpollutingmaterials,originatingfromhumanactivitythatpollutestheenvironment.Otherexamplesincludenaturaltextilefibressuchascottonandwool,andbrake-wearparticlesfromvehicles—allofwhicharepresentindifferentplaces.Theauthorsnotethatthesematerialsareoftenmuchmoreabundantthanmicroplasticsandsomeareassociatedwith“plasticalternatives”thataremarketedassolutionstoplasticpollution.Theimpactsofthesematerialsarelesswell-knownthanplasticandmicroplasticpollution,yettheycouldhavehugeimpacts.Thearticlestatesthatsolutionsarelikelytocomefromagreaterfocusondesigningmaterialsandproductsthatcanberecycled,thathavetheirend-of-life,andthatmarketsandfacilitiesexisttorecycle.28.What’stheexperts’attitudetowardsthecurrentwaronplastic?A.Indifferent. B.Favorable. C.Critical. D.Objective.29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inparagraph2referto?A.Thenegativeviewofplastic.B.Theuseofalternativematerials.C.Thepotentialharmfuleffects.D.Thedefenseforplastic.30.Whatdoestheauthorintendtodointhelastparagraph?A.Explainarule. B.Makeacomparison.C.Clarifyapoint. D.Offerasuggestion.31.Whatisthetextmostlikelytobe?A.Aresponsetoplasticpollution.B.Ascheduletofightagainstpollution.C.Anargumentagainstclimatechange.D.Aguidetoplasticmanagement.【答案】28.C29.A30.D31.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了過度關(guān)注塑料污染帶來的潛在負面影響?！?8題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ateamofleadingenvironmentalexpertshavewarnedthatthecurrentwaronplasticisdetractingfromthebiggerthreatstotheenvironment.Inanarticle,theysaythatwhileplasticwasteisanissue,itsprominenceinthegeneralpublic’sconcernfortheenvironmentisovershadowinggreaterthreats,forexample,climatechangeandbiodiversityloss.(一組領(lǐng)先的環(huán)境專家警告說，目前對塑料的戰(zhàn)爭正在轉(zhuǎn)移人們對給環(huán)境造成更大威脅的事物的注意力。在一篇文章中，他們說，雖然塑料垃圾是一個問題，但它在公眾對環(huán)境的關(guān)注中的突出地位掩蓋了更大的威脅，例如氣候變化和生物多樣性喪失)”可知，專家認為對當前塑料戰(zhàn)爭的過度關(guān)注轉(zhuǎn)移了人們的注意力，使人們忽視了給環(huán)境造成更大威脅的事物，例如氣候變化和生物多樣性喪失。由此推知，專家們對當前塑料戰(zhàn)爭持批判的態(tài)度。故選C項?！?9題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Theteamarguethatmuchofthebadtalkaboutplasticwasteisbasedondatathatisnotalwaysrepresentativeoftheenvironmentsthathavebeensampled.Thedislikeofplasticassociatedwiththiscouldencouragetheuseofalternativematerialswithpotentiallyharmfuleffects.(研究小組認為，大部分關(guān)于塑料垃圾的負面討論都是基于數(shù)據(jù)，這些數(shù)據(jù)并不總是代表所取樣的環(huán)境。與此相關(guān)的對塑料的厭惡可能會鼓勵使用具有潛在有害影響的替代材料)”可知，對塑料的厭惡和人們對于塑料垃圾的負面觀點密切相關(guān)，故“this”指代“muchofthebadtalkaboutplasticwaste”即“對塑料的負面看法”。故選A項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thearticlestatesthatsolutionsarelikelytocomefromagreaterfocusondesigningmaterialsandproductsthatcanberecycled,thathavetheirend-of-life,andthatmarketsandfacilitiesexisttorecycle.(文章指出，解決方案可能來自更多地關(guān)注設(shè)計可回收的材料和產(chǎn)品，這些材料和產(chǎn)品有其使用壽命，并且存在回收市場和設(shè)施)”可推知，最后一段作者提出了一種處理污染性材料的建議，即把注意力放在設(shè)計可回收的材料和產(chǎn)品上。故選D項?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第一句“Ateamofleadingenvironmentalexpertshavewarnedthatthecurrentwaronplasticisdetractingfromthebiggerthreatstotheenvironment.(一組領(lǐng)先的環(huán)境專家警告說，目前對塑料的戰(zhàn)爭正在轉(zhuǎn)移人們對給環(huán)境造成更大威脅的事物的注意力)”及第二段最后一句“Thedislikeofplasticassociatedwiththiscouldencouragetheuseofalternativematerialswithpotentiallyharmfuleffects.(與此相關(guān)的對塑料的厭惡可能會鼓勵使用具有潛在有害影響的替代材料)”及第三段第一句“Theauthorswarnthatplasticpollutiondominatesthepublic’sconcernfortheenvironmentandhasbeenexploitedpolitically(作者警告說，塑料污染主導了公眾對環(huán)境的關(guān)注，并被政治利用)”及第四段最后一句“Theimpactsofthesematerialsarelesswell-knownthanplasticandmicroplasticpollution,yettheycouldhavehugeimpacts.(這些材料的影響不如塑料和微塑料污染那么為人所知，但它們可能會產(chǎn)生巨大的影響)”可推知，作者對于過度關(guān)注塑料污染做出了回應(yīng)，認為過度關(guān)注塑料污染帶來了一些潛在負面影響。故選A項。DTheillusionofchoiceisacognitivebiasthatcausespeopletobelievetheyhavemorecontrolovertheirlivesthantheyactuallydo.Infact,itisafalsesenseofcontrolthatcanleadtosuboptimaldecision-making.Theconceptisrelativelynew.ItwasfirstreferredtobyAmericanphilosopherandpsychologistWilliamJames.Jamesarguesthatchoicescanbeforcedoravoidable,andthateverydilemmabasedonacompletelogicaldisjunction,withnopossibilityofnotchoosing,isanoptionofthisforcedkind.Inapaperpublishedin2000,psychologistsSheenaIyengarandMarkLepperfoundthatpeoplearemorelikelytopurchaseproductswhentheyaregivenfewerchoices.Theillusionofchoiceisoftenusedinadvertisingandmarketingtomakepeoplefeelliketheyareincontroloftheirpurchasedecisions.Thesametechniquesmaybeappliedinvotingtomakevotersfeelmoreconfidentintheirchoiceofwhotovotefor.Inreality,theillusionofchoiceisafalsesenseofcontrolthatcanleadtomakingdecisionsbasedonincompleteinformation.AfamousexampleofthisisthedocumentaryTheGreatHack.ThefilmexploreshowthedatacompanyCambridgeAnalyticausedtheillusionofchoicetocontrolpeople’sopinions.Inthefilm,itisrevealedthatCambridgeAnalyticauseddatafromtheInternettocreatetargetedadsforusersbasedontheirprofiles.Theadsweredesignedtoappealtopeople’sfearsandbiasesinordertoaffecttheiropinionsoncandidates.Theillusionofchoicecanbeapowerfultooltocontrolpeople.Itisessentialtobeawareofyourownbiasesandtendencieswhenmakingdecisions.Taketimetoconsiderallofyouroptionsbeforemakingadecision.Beawareofthepotentialrisksandcostsassociatedwithyourchoices.Seekoutmultipleopinionsbeforemakingafinaldecision.32.Whatcanbelearntabouttheillusionofchoice?A.Itimprovesdecision-making. B.Ithelpspeopletocontrollife.C.Itaffectsconsumers’behavior. D.Itwasintroducedlongago.33.Howdoestheauthordemonstratehisviewpoint?A.Bycitingexperts’words. B.Bygivingexamples.C.Byreferringtoascientificpaper. D.Byconductingastudy.34.Whatisakeyfactorinavoidingtheillusionofchoicewhenmakingdecisions?A.Sharingmultipleopinions. B.Makingquickdecisions.C.Beingawareofbiases. D.Ignoringpotentialrisksandcosts.35.Whatwouldbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheOriginsoftheIllusionofChoice B.PsychologicalProcessofDecision-MakingC.HowtheIllusionofChoiceIsEmployed D.TheIllusionofChoice:AFalseSenseofControl【答案】32.C33.B34.C35.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了“選擇的錯覺”這一概念，指出它是一種虛假的控制感，會導致次優(yōu)的決策?！?2題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Theillusionofchoiceisoftenusedinadvertisingandmarketingtomakepeoplefeelliketheyareincontroloftheirpurchasedecisions.(選擇的錯覺經(jīng)常被用在廣告和市場營銷中，讓人們覺得他們可以控制自己的購買決定)”可知，選擇的錯覺會影響消費者的行為。故選C?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“AfamousexampleofthisisthedocumentaryTheGreatHack.ThefilmexploreshowthedatacompanyCambridgeAnalyticausedtheillusionofchoicetocontrolpeople’sopinions.Inthefilm,itisrevealedthatCambridgeAnalyticauseddatafromtheInternettocreatetargetedadsforusersbasedontheirprofiles.Theadsweredesignedtoappealtopeople’sfearsandbiasesinordertoaffecttheiropinionsoncandidates.(一個著名的例子是紀錄片《偉大的黑客》。這部電影探討了數(shù)據(jù)公司劍橋分析如何利用選擇的錯覺來控制人們的觀點。在這部電影中，劍橋分析公司利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上的數(shù)據(jù)，根據(jù)用戶的個人資料為他們制作有針對性的廣告。這些廣告旨在利用人們的恐懼和偏見，從而影響他們對候選人的看法)”可推知，作者通過舉例子來支撐自己的觀點。故選B。【34題詳析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itisessentialtobeawareofyourownbiasesandtendencieswhenmakingdecisions.(在做決定時，意識到自己的偏見和傾向是很重要的)”可知，在做決定時，意識到自己的偏好至關(guān)重要。故選C。【35題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Theillusionofchoiceisacognitivebiasthatcausespeopletobelievetheyhavemorecontrolovertheirlivesthantheyactuallydo.Infact,itisafalsesenseofcontrolthatcanleadtosuboptimaldecision-making.(選擇錯覺是一種認知偏差，它使人們相信他們對自己的生活擁有比實際更多的控制權(quán)。事實上，這是一種錯誤的控制感，可能導致次優(yōu)決策)”結(jié)合文章介紹了“選擇的錯覺”這一概念，指出它是一種虛假的控制感，會導致次優(yōu)的決策?？芍?，D選項“選擇的錯覺：一種錯誤的控制感”最符合文章標題。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Minimalismisn’taboutbeingboringorgettingridofmostofyourthingsandlivinginemptyrooms.It’smoreaboutidentifyingwhataddsvaluetoyourlifeandbringsyoujoyandpartingwiththingsthatdon’t.____36____.Whetheryouwanttostarttheprocessoflivingamoreminimalistlifestyleorhavealreadystartedbutarefindingyourselfstuck,herearesometipstohelpyou.BeClearOnWhyYouWantToLiveAMinimalistLifestyleGettingridofuselessthingsinyourhome,workspaceandlife,ingeneral,canbechallenging.____37____.Yet,chancesare,ifyou’vebarelyusedtheseitems,youwon’tneedtheminthefuture.Beingclearastowhyyou’redoingitcanbecriticalasit’llhelpremindyouofyourgoal,fuelyourmotivationandkeepyougoingevenwhenyou’refeelingoverwhelmed.____38____.Nomatterthereason,knowingwhyyou’redoingitisthebestwaytoensureyousuccessfullymovetowardsamoreminimalistlifestyle.ClearOutResponsiblyOpeningagarbagebagandclearingouteverythingyoudon’twanttokeepisquickandeasy.Yet,someoneelsecoulduseyouritemsorrecyclethem.Oneofthebestthingsyoucandoisdonateyourclothestosomeoneyouknoworacharity.____39____.Lastly,asmentionedbefore,certainitemscanberecycled.Youshouldonlythrowawaythingsyoucan’tsell,donateorrecycle.GetInTheRightMindset____40____.It’saboutfindingjoyandgratitude.It’saboutbeingsatisfiedwhenyouneedtothrowoutsomethingoldandpromotingself-careandlovingyourself.Theminimalistseekssimplicity,usefulnessandclaritywithlessfocusonmaterialpossessionsandmorefocusonvalueinlife.Cleartheuselessthingssoyoucanfocusonyourprioritiesandgoals.A.YoucanalsoorganizeabiggaragesaleB.ThebestwaytotidyupistotakeitonestepatatimeC.Mindsetiskeytoa“l(fā)essismore”attitudeandlifestyleD.That’sbecauseitmightbehardtopartwithsomeofyourthingsE.LivingaminimalistlifestylecanallowyoutocreatealifeofmoreF.Thisway,youcangetridoftheunnecessarythingsthatburdenyouG.Perhapsyouwanttocreatemorespaceinyourhomeorlimityourcarbonfootprint【答案】36.F37.D38.G39.A40.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。本文介紹了極簡主義的概念，并就如何實現(xiàn)極簡主義生活方式提供了一些建議。【36題詳析】上一句提到“It’smoreaboutidentifyingwhataddsvaluetoyourlifeandbringsyoujoyandpartingwiththingsthatdon’t(更重要的是要確定什么能給你的生活帶來價值，給你帶來快樂，放棄那些沒有價值的東西)”，承接上文F選項“F.Thisway,youcangetridoftheunnecessarythingsthatburdenyou(這樣，你就可以擺脫那些不必要的負擔)”切題，該選項中的“getridof”對應(yīng)上文中的“partingwith”。故選F項。【37題詳析】上一句提到“Gettingridofuselessthingsinyourhome,workspaceandlife,ingeneral,canbechallenging.(一般來說，清除家里、工作場所和生活中無用的東西是一項挑戰(zhàn))”，承接上文D選項“That’sbecauseitmightbehardtopartwithsomeofyourthings(那是因為你可能很難舍棄你的一些東西)”切題，該選項進一步闡明挑戰(zhàn)的原因。故選D項?！?8題詳析】下一句提到“Nomatterthereason,knowingwhyyou’redoingitisthebestwaytoensureyousuccessfullymovetowardsamoreminimalistlifestyle.(不管是什么原因，知道你為什么這樣做是確保你成功地走向更簡約的生活方式的最好方法)”，本段主要闡述人們想要過極簡主義生活的一些原因，G選項“Perhapsyouwanttocreatemorespaceinyourhomeorlimityourcarbonfootprint(也許你想在家里創(chuàng)造更多的空間，或者限制你的碳足跡)”符合語境。故選G項?！?9題詳析】上一句提到“O