2022年福建省福州市八縣（市、區(qū)）高二下學(xué)期期末聯(lián)考英語(yǔ)試題

2021—2022學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期八縣(市、區(qū))一中期末聯(lián)考高中二年英語(yǔ)科試卷完卷時(shí)間：120分鐘滿分：150分第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ALookingforanewpoetrybooktoread?I’vegotyou!We’regoingtoexploresomeofmyfavoritepoetrycollections,whichrangefromthetraditionalallthewaytothetotallyexperimental.Andthoughtheydifferintermsoftoneandsubjectmatter,they’veallgotwecall"goodparts".NightSkywithExitWoundsbyOceanVuongItisthefirstpoetrycollectionfromOceanVuong.Vuong’sstyleiswell-suitedtotheheavysubjectshepursues,particularlywhenhereflectsonthelossofhisfatherandhisexperiencesasawartimerefugee.There’sacertainwonderfulqualitytohiswriting.LunchPoemsbyFrankO’HaraIfyoulikeaconversationalstyle,LunchPoemsmightbethepoetrybookforyou.Personal,funny,andeasy,thecollectionperfectlyshowsthecasualvoiceofFrankO’Hara,anoutstandingfigureoftheNewSchoolMovementinlast-’50sNewYork.Asthenamesuggestsmostofthepoemswerewrittenduringhislunchbreadatwork,bringingarealisticimagebythewriting.100SelectedPoemsbyE.E.CummingsIt’sashamethatmorepeopledon’ttakeE.E.Cummingsseriously.Yes,hispoetryissometimesexperimental.Unconcernedwith"rules",Cummingstriedtocaptureemotioninitsownform.TheCompletePoemsbyElizabethBishopInmyopinion,anykindoffantasticpoetrybooksmustincludeElizabethBishop.Highlyskilledandhighlyinfluential,Bishopwasoneofthemostpowerfulvoicesofthe20thcentury.Shemostlyworkedwithintraditionalforms,buttheformsledtosurprisingeffects,mixingclassicstylewithmodernones.21.Whoexperiencedwar?A.FrankO’Hara. B.OceanVuongC.E.E.Cummings. D.ElizabethBishop22.Whichpoetrycollectionreflecttherealworld?A.LunchPoems. B.100SelectedPoemsC.TheCompletePoems D.NightSkywithExitWounds23.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofElizabethBishop’spoetry?A.Itisfunny B.ItispersonalC.Itisexcellent D.Itisexperimental【答案】21.B22.A23.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。作者介紹了自己最喜歡的四本詩(shī)歌集。【21題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Vuong’sstyleiswell-suitedtotheheavysubjectshepursues,particularlywhenhereflectsonthelossofhisfatherandhisexperiencesasawartimerefugee.(Vuong的風(fēng)格非常適合他所追求的沉重主題，尤其是當(dāng)他反思失去父親和他作為戰(zhàn)時(shí)難民的經(jīng)歷時(shí)。)”可知，因?yàn)镺ceanVuong曾是戰(zhàn)時(shí)難民，由此可知，OceanVuong經(jīng)歷過(guò)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。故選B。【22題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Asthenamesuggestsmostofthepoemswerewrittenduringhislunchbreadatwork,bringingarealisticimagebythewriting.(顧名思義，大多數(shù)詩(shī)歌都是在他工作的午餐時(shí)間寫的，通過(guò)寫作帶來(lái)了一種現(xiàn)實(shí)的形象)”可知，LunchPoems詩(shī)歌集反映真實(shí)世界的情況。故選A。23題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Inmyopinion,anykindoffantasticpoetrybooksmustincludeElizabethBishop.(在我看來(lái)，任何一種極好的詩(shī)集都必須包括ElizabethBishop的作品。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為ElizabethBishop的詩(shī)歌集相當(dāng)棒。故選C。BZaraRutherford,whoisjust19yearsold,isflyingaroundtheworldbyherselfinasmallplane.Whenshefinisheshertrip,whichwilltakeovertwomonths,she’llbecometheyoungestwomantoflyallthewayaroundtheglobebyherself.MsRutherford,who’sBritish-Belgian,beganhertripinBelgiumonAugust18.Sheplanstoflyacrossfivecontinents,through52countriesbeforereturningtoBelgiuminNovember.She’smakingthistripinasmalltwo-seaterplanecalledamicrolight.Oneoftheseatshasbeenreplacedwithanextragastank,whichwillallowMsRutherfordtocoverlongerdistances.Theplanehashadseveralotherupdatesforsafety,includingasecondradio,andsatellitecommunicationsthatlethertalktopeoplewheneversheneedsto.Tofollowherroute,MsRutherfordneedstobeabletosee,sinceherplanecan’tbeguidedusingitsinstrumentsalone.Thatmeansshecan’tflyatnightorinbadweather.Toavoidclouds,shehastoflyclosetothelandorocean,whichcanbedangerous.Becauseofthedanger,MsRutherfordworkedhardtoprepareforemergencies.Shehasevenbeentrainedinescapingfromaplanelandingintheocean.Sheplanstostayanightortwoineachplacetovisitwithschoolsandyouthgroups.Sheadvisesyounggirlstoexploreareaslikeaviation(航空),science,mathematics,andengineering.Asherfatherpointsout,currently,onlyabout5%ofpilotsarewomen.“It’saneasythingtosay,butjustgoforit,”MsRutherfordsays.“Ifyoudon’ttryandseehowhighyoucanfly,thenyou’llneverknow.”24.WhatcanwelearnaboutZaraRutherfordfromthepassage?A.Shewillflyaroundtheworldwithherparents.B.Sheistheyoungestwomantoflyaroundtheglobe.C.Shewillstayin52countriesbeforereturning.D.Flyingataloweraltitudecanbeadangertoher.25.WhatdoesZaraRutherfordsuggestyounggirlsdo?A.Choosewhatyoulove. B.Treasurewhatyouhave.C.Challengedifficultthings. D.Struggleforbettergrades.26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeZaraRutherford?A.Lovelyandintelligent. B.Ambitiousandinspiring.C.Hardworkingandmodest. D.Generousandkindhearted.27.Whatisthetext?A.Adiaryentry. B.Abookreview.C.Aresearcharticle. D.Anewsreport.【答案】24.D25.C26.B27.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。本文講述了ZaraRutherford即將成為全世界最年輕的環(huán)球飛行的女飛行員?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的最后一句“Toavoidclouds,shehastoflyclosetothelandorocean,whichcanbedangerous.(為了躲避云層，她不得不飛近陸地或海洋，這可能是危險(xiǎn)的。)”可知，低空飛行對(duì)她來(lái)說(shuō)是件危險(xiǎn)的事。故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段的“Sheadvisesyounggirlstoexploreareaslikeaviation(航空),science,mathematics,andengineering.Asherfatherpointsout,currently,onlyabout5%ofpilotsarewomen.(她建議年輕女孩去探索航空、科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和工程等領(lǐng)域。正如她父親所指出的，目前，只有大約5%的飛行員是女性。)”可知，她建議并希望年輕女孩多去探索航空、科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和工程等領(lǐng)域，去征服困難，去挑戰(zhàn)自己。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“ZaraRutherford,whoisjust19yearsold,isflyingaroundtheworldbyherselfinasmallplane.Whenshefinisheshertrip,whichwilltakeovertwomonths,she’llbecometheyoungestwomantoflyallthewayaroundtheglobebyherself.(年僅19歲的ZaraRutherford正獨(dú)自駕駛一架小型飛機(jī)環(huán)游世界。她將花兩個(gè)多月的時(shí)間完成這次旅行，屆時(shí)她將成為獨(dú)自一人環(huán)球飛行的最年輕的女性。)”以及第二段的“Sheplanstoflyacrossfivecontinents,through52countriesbeforereturningtoBelgiuminNovember.(她計(jì)劃飛越五大洲，穿越52個(gè)國(guó)家，然后在11月返回比利時(shí)。)”以及第六段的“Sheadvisesyounggirlstoexploreareaslikeaviation(航空),science,mathematics,andengineering.(她建議年輕女孩去探索航空、科學(xué)、數(shù)學(xué)和工程等領(lǐng)域。)”以及最后一段““It’saneasythingtosay,butjustgoforit,”MsRutherfordsays.“Ifyoudon’ttryandseehowhighyoucanfly,thenyou’llneverknow.”(Rutherford說(shuō)：“這很容易說(shuō)，但要努力去做?！薄叭绻悴辉囍纯醋约耗茱w多高，那你永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)知道。”)”可知，她獨(dú)自環(huán)球飛行，穿越52個(gè)國(guó)家，將歷時(shí)兩個(gè)多月，這件事是一件很有雄心壯志的事，她的行為也將鼓勵(lì)年輕的女孩像她一樣去探索航空、科學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)等領(lǐng)域，所以她是一個(gè)很有雄心壯志及令人深受鼓舞的人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的“ZaraRutherford,whoisjust19yearsold,isflyingaroundtheworldbyherselfinasmallplane.Whenshefinisheshertrip,whichwilltakeovertwomonths,she’llbecometheyoungestwomantoflyallthewayaroundtheglobebyherself.(年僅19歲的ZaraRutherford正獨(dú)自駕駛一架小型飛機(jī)環(huán)游世界。她將花兩個(gè)多月的時(shí)間完成這次旅行，屆時(shí)她將成為獨(dú)自一人環(huán)球飛行的最年輕的女性。)”以及第二段的“Sheplanstoflyacrossfivecontinents,through52countriesbeforereturningtoBelgiuminNovember.(她計(jì)劃飛越五大洲，穿越52個(gè)國(guó)家，然后在11月返回比利時(shí)。)”以及第四段第一句“Tofollowherroute,MsRutherfordneedstobeabletosee,sinceherplanecan’tbeguidedusingitsinstrumentsalone.(為了遵循她的路線，盧瑟福女士需要能夠看見(jiàn)，因?yàn)樗娘w機(jī)不能單獨(dú)使用儀器來(lái)引導(dǎo)。)”以及第六段的“Sheplanstostayanightortwoineachplacetovisitwithschoolsandyouthgroups.(她計(jì)劃在每個(gè)地方待一兩個(gè)晚上，去拜訪學(xué)校和青年團(tuán)體。)”可知，整篇文章在報(bào)道ZaraRutherford環(huán)球飛行的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，包括飛行計(jì)劃、飛行準(zhǔn)備等，故本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。故選D項(xiàng)。CThetopicof“hardworkvstalent”hasbeenresearchedbymanyscientistsandeventheydonothavetheonlyrightconclusion.Ericsson,Krampe,andTech-Romerhavepointedoutthattalentisirrelevantindistant1993yet.Theyconnectedsuccesswithadeliberatepracticethatlastsforover10thousandhours.However,recentstudiessupportanotherviewpoint.BothMalcolmGladwell(2008)andDavidBrooks(2011)agreethatthereisnoguaranteethatapersonwithahigherIQlevelwillbemoresuccessfulinlife.AndseveraldozenyearsagoStephenKingexpressedthethoughtthattalentmeantnothingwithouthardwork.Itgoeswithoutsayingthattherearenoequalpeopleintheworld.Evensiblings(兄弟姐妹)maylookabsolutelythesamebutbedifferentincharacterandpreferences.Thatmeansthattheirinborntalentsarevariousaswell.Forexample,ifyougather10childreninoneclassroomandteachthemthesameinformationusingasingleapproach,theresultsofthisstudywillbeverydifferent.Notonlytalentwillplayasignificantroleinthatbutalsoattention,desire,andevenupbringing(家庭教育).Ofcourse,ithasbeenconfirmedthatintelligenceisinherited(遺傳的)butupbringingisnolessimportant.Someparentsworkwiththeirkidsfromthefirstdayofpregnancyandthesechildrenwillshowbetterresultsthanonesleftontheirown.IfyouwishtobecomethebestofthebestlikeanOlympicGameschampion,talentappearstobeanecessityhere.Butifyoudesiretogetpromotionandwinthecompetitionamongyoungcolleagues,hardworkanddesireareyourkeystosuccessevenifyouarenotluckytohavebeenborntalented.28.InEricsson’sview,whichfactorcontributestosuccess?A.Talent. B.Hardwork. C.Upbringing. D.Desire.29.WhatideadoesDavidBrooksconveyinParagraph3?A.Talentisofnousewithouteffort.B.Talentisuselesswithoutadesireforsuccess.C.Peopleshouldattachmoreimportancetoeffort.D.Smarterpeoplearenotnecessarilymoresuccessful.30.HowdoestheauthordevelopParagraph4?A.Bytellingstories.B.Bylistingnumbers.C.Bygivingexamples.D.Byraisingquestions.31.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A.Talentcanmakeaworldchampion.B.Talentisthedecisivefactorinsuccess.C.Essentialfactorsforsuccessvarywithgoals.D.Hardworkisenoughforpromotionintheworkplace.【答案】28.B29.D30.C31.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文為一篇議論文。文章論述了關(guān)于“努力和天賦，哪一個(gè)對(duì)成功更重要”的這個(gè)話題，最近又有人提出了新的觀點(diǎn)：智商高的人不一定更成功，沒(méi)有努力，天賦毫無(wú)意義，且成功的要素因目的而異。28題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Thetopicof‘hardworkvstalent’hasbeenresearchedbymanyscientistsandeventheydonothavetheonlyrightconclusion.(‘努力vs天賦’這個(gè)話題已經(jīng)被許多科學(xué)家研究過(guò)，即使他們也沒(méi)有唯一正確的結(jié)論。)”，以及第二段“Ericsson,Krampe,andTech-Romerhavepointedoutthattalentisirrelevantindistant1993yet.Theyconnectedsuccesswithadeliberatepracticethatlastsforover10thousandhours.(Ericsson、Krampe和Tech-Romer指出，在遙遠(yuǎn)的1993年，天賦還無(wú)關(guān)緊要。他們將成功與持續(xù)1萬(wàn)小時(shí)以上的刻意練習(xí)聯(lián)系起來(lái)。)”可知，Ericsson認(rèn)為成功與長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的可以練習(xí)有關(guān)，努力帶來(lái)成功。故選B項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“BothMalcolmGladwell(2008)andDavidBrooks(2011)agreethatthereisnoguaranteethatapersonwithahigherIQlevelwillbemoresuccessfulinlife.(馬爾科姆·格拉德威爾(2008)和大衛(wèi)·布魯克斯(2011)都認(rèn)為，沒(méi)有人能保證擁有更高智商的人在生活中會(huì)更成功。)”可知，DavidBrooks認(rèn)為智商高的人不一定更成功，與D項(xiàng)“Smarterpeoplearenotnecessarilymoresuccessful.”同義。故選D項(xiàng)。30題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第四句“Forexample,ifyougather10childreninoneclassroomandteachthemthesameinformationusingasingleapproach,theresultsofthisstudywillbeverydifferent.(例如，如果你把10個(gè)孩子聚集在一個(gè)教室，用單一的方法教他們相同的信息，這項(xiàng)研究的結(jié)果將會(huì)非常不同。)”可知，第四段用了例證法來(lái)呈現(xiàn)觀點(diǎn)。故選C項(xiàng)。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“IfyouwishtobecomethebestofthebestlikeanOlympicGameschampion,talentappearstobeanecessityhere.Butifyoudesiretogetpromotionandwinthecompetitionamongyoungcolleagues,hardworkanddesireareyourkeystosuccessevenifyouarenotluckytohavebeenborntalented.(如果你想成為像奧運(yùn)會(huì)冠軍那樣的精英中的精英，天賦似乎是必不可少的。但是，如果你想在年輕同事的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)中獲得晉升和勝利，即使你不是天生的天才，努力工作和欲望也是成功的關(guān)鍵。)”可知，有的目標(biāo)的實(shí)現(xiàn)需要天賦，有的目標(biāo)，沒(méi)有天賦，努力和欲望可以彌補(bǔ)天賦的不足，也能實(shí)現(xiàn)。故成功的要素因目標(biāo)而異。故選C項(xiàng)。DArcticseaicehasbeensteadilydecreasingsincethebeginningofsatelliterecordsin1979,butanewstudycomeswithawarmingprediction:Bytheendofthiscentury,Arcticseaicemaydisappearduringthesummer,whichcoulddrivepolarbearsandotherice-dependentspeciesextinction.Scientiststhoughtthe“LastIceArea”,aregioncontainingtheoldest,thickestArcticice,wouldlastfordecades.Butnow,underboththemostoptimisticandpessimisticscenarios(可能出現(xiàn)的情況)forwarminglinkedtoclimatechange,theseaicewilldramaticallythinby2050.Themostoptimisticsituation,inwhichcarbonemissionsareimmediatelyanddramaticallycurbedtopreventtheworstwarming,couldresultinalimitedpartoftheicesurvivingintheregion.Inthemostpessimisticsituation,inwhichemissionscontinueattheircurrentrateofincrease,thesummericeandthepolarbearsandsealsthatliveonitcoulddisappearby2100,researchersreportedinanewstudy.“Unfortunately,thisisamassiveexperimentwe’redoing,”studyco-authorRobertNewton,aseniorresearchscientist,saidinastatement.“Iftheyear-roundicegoesaway,entireice-dependentecosystemswillcollapse,andsomethingnewwillbegin.”Ascarbondioxideandothergreenhousegasesincreasinglycontributetothewarmingoftheatmosphere,thepast15yearshasbroughtthelowest15sea-iceextentsinthesatelliterecord,accordingtotheNationalSnowandIceDataCenter(NSIDC).Worsestill,theNSIDCreportsthattheamountofolder,thickerArcticicethathassurvivedatleastonemeltseasonisatarecordlow.Amoredramaticdecreaseinicecoveragecouldhaveaseriouseffectonthelivesoftheanimalsthatliveon,orunder,theshiftingicenetwork,includingfish,seals,polarbearsandsoon.32.WhatwillthreatenthespeciesintheArcticaccordingtothestudy?A.Thelossoftheirhabitats.B.Pollutionofoceanwater.C.Theextremecoldweather.D.Lackofnecessaryfoodandwater.33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“curbed”inParagraph2mean?A.Improved. B.Predicted. C.Controlled. D.Determined.34.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoexpressinthelastparagraph?A.HisconcernovertheArcticanimals’future.B.HissurpriseatthegreatamountofArcticice.C.Hiscuriosityaboutthereasonsforlowsea-iceextents.D.Hisdoubtaboutthedramaticdecreaseinicecoverage.35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.The“LastIceArea”isonthedecrease.B.Smallicecoveragehasnegativeeffects.C.Greenhousegasesleadtoglobalwarming.D.Ice-dependentspeciescouldbecomeextinct.【答案】32.A33.C34.A35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了北極最后的海冰可能會(huì)在夏季消失，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致北極熊和其他依賴冰的物種滅絕?！?2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Bytheendofthiscentury,Arcticseaicemaydisappearduringthesummer,whichcoulddrivepolarbearsandotherice-dependentspeciesextinction.(到本世紀(jì)末，北極海冰可能會(huì)在夏季消失，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致北極熊和其他依賴冰的物種滅絕。)”可知，喪失棲息地對(duì)北極依賴冰的物種構(gòu)成巨大的威脅。故選A。【33題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線單詞之前的“Themostoptimisticsituation(最樂(lè)觀的情況是)”以及劃線單詞后一句的“preventtheworstwarming,couldresultinalimitedpartoftheicesurvivingintheregion.(防止最嚴(yán)重的變暖，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致該地區(qū)有限的一部分冰存活下來(lái)。)”可知，碳排放得到大幅控制。所以curbed為“控制”之意。選項(xiàng)A“Improved(提高)”；選項(xiàng)B“Predicted(預(yù)測(cè))”；選項(xiàng)C“Controlled.(控制)”；選項(xiàng)D“Determined(決定)”。故選C。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Worsestill,theNSIDCreportsthattheamountofolder,thickerArcticicethathassurvivedatleastonemeltseasonisatarecordlow.Amoredramaticdecreaseinicecoveragecouldhaveaseriouseffectonthelivesoftheanimalsthatliveon,orunder,theshiftingicenetwork,includingfish,seals,polarbearsandsoon.(更糟糕的是，NSIDC報(bào)告稱，至少在一個(gè)融化季節(jié)中幸存下來(lái)的更古老、更厚的北極冰層數(shù)量處于歷史最低水平。冰覆蓋面積更大幅度的減少可能會(huì)對(duì)生活在移動(dòng)的冰網(wǎng)上或冰網(wǎng)下的動(dòng)物的生活產(chǎn)生嚴(yán)重的影響，包括魚(yú)類、海豹、北極熊等。)”可推斷，作者面對(duì)北極冰的減少，對(duì)北極生物的未來(lái)感到擔(dān)心。故選A。【35題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Arcticseaicehasbeensteadilydecreasingsincethebeginningofsatelliterecordsin1979,butanewstudycomeswithawarmingprediction:Bytheendofthiscentury,Arcticseaicemaydisappearduringthesummer,whichcoulddrivepolarbearsandotherice-dependentspeciesextinction.(自1979年衛(wèi)星記錄開(kāi)始以來(lái)，北極海冰一直在穩(wěn)步減少，但一項(xiàng)新的研究提出了一個(gè)變暖的預(yù)測(cè)：到本世紀(jì)末，北極海冰可能會(huì)在夏季消失，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致北極熊和其他依賴冰的物種滅絕。)”以及第二段“Scientiststhoughtthe“LastIceArea”,aregioncontainingtheoldest,thickestArcticice,wouldlastfordecades.Butnow,underboththemostoptimisticandpessimisticscenarios(可能出現(xiàn)的情況)forwarminglinkedtoclimatechange,theseaicewilldramaticallythinby2050.(科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為“最后的冰區(qū)”，一個(gè)包含最古老、最厚的北極冰的區(qū)域，將會(huì)持續(xù)幾十年。但現(xiàn)在，在氣候變化導(dǎo)致的變暖最樂(lè)觀和最悲觀的兩種情況下，海冰將在2050年急劇變薄。)”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了北極最后的海冰可能會(huì)在夏季消失，這可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致北極熊和其他依賴冰的物種滅絕。所以“Ice-dependentspeciescouldbecomeextinct.(依賴冰的物種可能會(huì)滅絕。)”作為文章標(biāo)題最為合適。故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從下面的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Learninggeographycanbechallenging.____36____Memorizingnamesofplacescanseemboringanddifficult.However,masteringgeographycangiveyouasenseofachievementandhelpyouknowmuchmoreabouttheworldyoulivein.____37____Theapproachyoutakewillbedeterminedbyyourlearninggoals.Ifyouwanttojustknowmoreaboutyourworld,therequirementsarerelativelylow.Ifyouareplanningtotakeabackpackingtripacrossmanycountriesandneedtoknowyourwayaround,orifyouneedtopreparebeforethefinalexam,therequirementsmaybehigher.Studymaps.Tolearngeography,youneedaccesstomaps.Manymapsareavailableonline,butyoucanalsouseprintedmaps.Mapscontainawealthofinformation.However,itcomesinchanginglevelsofdetail.____38____Examinecultureandpeople.Gettingtoknowthenameofaplaceonamapissomewhatobjective,andmemorizingjustthenamesofcountriesmayseemsomewhatuselesstoyouifyoudon’tconnectthemtothepeoplethere.____39____Gettingtoknowthecharacterofaplacebylearningaboutthecultureandthepeoplecanmakeyourstudyofgeographycometolife.Useappsandsoftware.Therearemanyappsandsoftwareoronlineprogramoptionsforlearninggeography.____40____Technologyopensuptheworldtoyou,andifyouseizetheopportunitiesaffordedbyvarioustechnologies,youcanlearnaboutthegeographyandcultureofmanydifferentplacesintheworldatonce!A.Setyourlearninggoals.B.Geographyinvolvesmanydifferentareas.C.Rememberingallthenamesofplacesisn’teasy.D.Geographyreflectsthehistoryofaplaceaswell.E.Youcanfindalistoffreegeographyprogramshere.F.Everyplaceconsistsofpeoplewithauniqueculture.G.Ensuretoselectmapsprovidingwhatyouwishtolearn.【答案】36.B37.A38.G39.F40.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了學(xué)習(xí)地理是一件有挑戰(zhàn)的事，但是把地理學(xué)好是很有用的，不僅給你成就感，也讓你更好了解你所生活的世界。文章介紹幾種方法來(lái)更好地學(xué)習(xí)和了解地理?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Learninggeographycanbechallenging.(學(xué)習(xí)地理很有挑戰(zhàn)性。)”以及后文“Memorizingnamesofplacescanseemboringanddifficult.(記住地名似乎既枯燥又困難。)”可知，選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容應(yīng)與前后文內(nèi)容是順承關(guān)系，都在說(shuō)明學(xué)習(xí)地理不容易，選B“Geographyinvolvesmanydifferentareas.(地理涉及許多不同的領(lǐng)域。)”符合語(yǔ)意。故選B項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Theapproachyoutakewillbedeterminedbyyourlearninggoals.Ifyouwanttojustknowmoreaboutyourworld,therequirementsarerelativelylow.Ifyouareplanningtotakeabackpackingtripacrossmanycountriesandneedtoknowyourwayaround,orifyouneedtopreparebeforethefinalexam,therequirementsmaybehigher.(你采取的方法將由你的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)決定。如果只是想多了解自己的世界，要求相對(duì)較低。如果你打算進(jìn)行一次跨越多個(gè)國(guó)家的背包旅行，需要熟悉周圍的路，或者需要在期末考試前準(zhǔn)備，要求可能會(huì)更高。)”可知，本段講述的是設(shè)立的目標(biāo)會(huì)影響你所采取來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)地理的方法。目標(biāo)簡(jiǎn)單，要求就簡(jiǎn)單，目標(biāo)高，要求也高。故選項(xiàng)A“Setyourlearninggoals.(設(shè)定你的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。)”符合語(yǔ)意。故選A項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Manymapsareavailableonline,butyoucanalsouseprintedmaps.Mapscontainawealthofinformation.However,itcomesinchanginglevelsofdetail.(許多地圖都可以在網(wǎng)上找到，但是你也可以使用印刷地圖。地圖包含大量信息。然而，它的細(xì)節(jié)層次在不斷變化。)”可知，本段告知你如何選擇地圖，因?yàn)榈貓D眾多，包含的信息量也大，不同地圖細(xì)節(jié)的把握也不一，所以你要根據(jù)你想要了解的來(lái)選擇地圖。故選項(xiàng)G“Ensuretoselectmapsprovidingwhatyouwishtolearn.(確保選擇能提供你想要了解的信息的地圖。)”符合語(yǔ)意。故選G項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Gettingtoknowthenameofaplaceonamapissomewhatobjective,andmemorizingjustthenamesofcountriesmayseemsomewhatuselesstoyouifyoudon’tconnectthemtothepeoplethere.(在地圖上了解一個(gè)地方的名字是比較客觀的，如果你不把國(guó)家和那里的人聯(lián)系起來(lái)，僅僅記住國(guó)家的名字對(duì)你來(lái)說(shuō)似乎沒(méi)有什么用處。)”以及后文“Gettingtoknowthecharacterofaplacebylearningaboutthecultureandthepeoplecanmakeyourstudyofgeographycometolife.(通過(guò)了解一個(gè)地方的文化和人們來(lái)了解這個(gè)地方的特點(diǎn)，可以使你的地理學(xué)習(xí)變得生動(dòng)。)”可知，了解一個(gè)地方的文化和人對(duì)地理學(xué)習(xí)很重要，也有很大幫助，因?yàn)椴煌胤降娜撕臀幕遣槐M相同的。故選項(xiàng)F“Everyplaceconsistsofpeoplewithauniqueculture.(每個(gè)地方都由具有獨(dú)特文化的人組成。)”與前后文之間是順承關(guān)系，符合語(yǔ)意。故選F項(xiàng)。【40題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Useappsandsoftware.Therearemanyappsandsoftwareoronlineprogramoptionsforlearninggeography.(使用應(yīng)用程序和軟件。有許多應(yīng)用程序、軟件或在線項(xiàng)目可供選擇。)”以及后文“Technologyopensuptheworldtoyou,andifyouseizetheopportunitiesaffordedbyvarioustechnologies,youcanlearnaboutthegeographyandcultureofmanydifferentplacesintheworldatonce!(技術(shù)為你打開(kāi)了世界，如果你抓住了各種技術(shù)所提供的機(jī)會(huì)，你可以一下子了解世界上許多不同地方的地理和文化！)”可知，有很多的應(yīng)用程序和軟件供你選擇，你能找到許多幫助你學(xué)習(xí)地理的課程，它們將整個(gè)世界展現(xiàn)在你面前，讓你更好地了解整個(gè)世界。因此，此處選項(xiàng)表達(dá)內(nèi)容應(yīng)與選擇應(yīng)用軟件來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)地理相關(guān)。選項(xiàng)E“Youcanfindalistoffreegeographyprogramshere.(你可以在這里找到一系列的免費(fèi)地理課程。)”符合語(yǔ)意。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。ItwasfortyyearsafterIfinishedhighschool,butmemoriesofthestaircaseIclimbedeachschooldaytoattendmathclassstilldisturbedme.EverytimeIwalkedbythe____41____,naughtyboyswould____42____me,shouting“woof”.“Just____43____them,”mymotheradvised.Ipretendednottocareonthesurface.Butinsidethe____44____messagethatIwasuglyrooteddeepintomysoul.____45____,Igraduated,launchingarewardingcareerasateacherandlifeturnedoutgreat.ButwhenIlookedinthemirror,thehurtfeeling____46____.Oneday,Igota(n)____47____tomyfortiethhighschoolreunion,whichIthoughtwasaperfect____48____toblamethoseboys.Iputonmyfavoriteblouse,preparingmy____49____fortheFridaynightreunion.____50____,peopleseemedniceandfriendly,makingmefeelataloss.Instantly,allmyplannedspeech____51____inmythroat.Afterall,itwaspointlesstoholdagrudge(怨恨)againstpeopleIcouldn’tevenrecognize.It____52____tomethatthebestthingIcoulddowasto____53____andforget!Backtotheoldcampus,Igatheredmycourageandwalkedupthestairsonceagain.Thesoundof“woof”seemedto____54____inthebrightsunshine.Suddenly,Ifelthappier,more____55____andattractive.41.A.classroom B.playground C.hallway D.staircase42.A.cheer B.complain C.call D.laughat43.A.suspect B.ignore C.punish D.accuse44.A.painful B.dangerous C.threatening D.humorous45.A.Immediately B.Eventually C.Consequently D.Suddenly46.A.disappeared B.eased C.changed D.returned47.A.qualification B.requirement C.invitation D.instruction48.A.ambition B.choice C.chance D.experience49.A.speech B.class C.lesson D.report50.A.Undoubtedly B.Unexpectedly C.Delightedly D.Evidently51.A.stuck B.whispered C.rose D.poured52.A.appealed B.occurred C.referred D.happened53.A.trick B.admire C.appreciate D.forgive54.A.sharpen B.fade C.sweeten D.travel55.A.grateful B.hopeful C.confident D.reliable【答案】41.D42.D43.B44.A45.B46.D47.C48.C49.A50.B51.A52.B53.D54.B55.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者小時(shí)候遭到同學(xué)們的嘲笑，這給她內(nèi)心留下了深深的傷痛，她一直不能釋懷，但一次同學(xué)會(huì)讓她學(xué)會(huì)了原諒和忘記，并走出陰影，重獲新生，變得更快樂(lè)，更自信，更有魅力?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：每次我走過(guò)樓梯，調(diào)皮的男孩就會(huì)笑我，大叫“汪汪”。A.classroom教室；B.playground操場(chǎng)；C.hallway走廊；D.staircase樓梯。根據(jù)最后一段“Backtotheoldcampus,Igatheredmycourageandwalkedupthestairsonceagain.”可知，作者是在樓梯被男孩嘲笑。故選D項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：每次我走過(guò)樓梯，調(diào)皮的男孩就會(huì)笑我，大叫“汪汪”。A.cheer歡呼；B.complain抱怨；C.call打電話；D.laughat嘲笑。根據(jù)下文“shouting‘woof’”和“Ipretendednottocare”可知，作者遭到男孩們的嘲笑。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“不要理睬他們，”我母親建議。A.suspect懷疑；B.ignore忽視；C.punish懲罰；D.accuse指控。根據(jù)“mymotheradvised”和“Ipretendednottocare”可知，媽媽建議作者不理睬那些男孩。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：但是，“我是很丑”，這一讓人痛苦的信息深深扎根在我的心里。A.painful令人痛苦的；B.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的；C.threatening險(xiǎn)惡的；D.humorous幽默的。根據(jù)下文“thatIwasugly”可知，這是一個(gè)讓人痛苦的信息。故選A項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：終于，我畢業(yè)了，開(kāi)始了有意義教師生涯，生活變得很美好。A.Immediately馬上；B.Eventually終于；C.Consequently因此；D.Suddenly突然。根據(jù)上文可知，男同學(xué)的嘲笑讓作者感到痛苦，所以，盡快畢業(yè)是作者所盼望的事情，eventually表明作者對(duì)畢業(yè)的期待。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我照鏡子時(shí)，那種受傷的感覺(jué)又回來(lái)了。A.disappeared消失；B.eased放松；C.changed改變；D.returned返回。根據(jù)上文“l(fā)ifeturnedoutgreat”和轉(zhuǎn)折連詞“But”可知，雖然開(kāi)始了新的生活，但受傷的感覺(jué)揮之不去，照鏡子的時(shí)候又會(huì)回來(lái)。故選D項(xiàng)。【47題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，我收到了我第四十屆高中同學(xué)聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)，我認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)責(zé)備那些男孩的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。A.qualification資格；B.requirement要求；C.invitation邀請(qǐng)；D.instruction指示。根據(jù)下文“tomyfortiethhighschoolreunion”和“preparingmy9fortheFridaynightreunion.”可知，作者收到參加第四十屆高中同學(xué)聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：有一天，我收到了我第四十屆高中同學(xué)聚會(huì)的邀請(qǐng)，我認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)責(zé)備那些男孩的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。A.ambition抱負(fù)；B.choice選擇；C.chance機(jī)會(huì)；D.experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)。根據(jù)上文可知，作者一直無(wú)法原諒讀書時(shí)期嘲笑她的同學(xué)，結(jié)合下文“Iputonmyfavoriteblouse,preparingmy9fortheFridaynightreunion.”和“allmyplannedspeech”可推知，作者把這次重聚視為“報(bào)仇”的機(jī)會(huì)，作了精心的準(zhǔn)備。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我穿上我最喜歡的襯衫，準(zhǔn)備周五晚上同學(xué)會(huì)的發(fā)言。A.speech發(fā)言；B.class班級(jí)；C.lesson一節(jié)課；D.report報(bào)告。根據(jù)下文“Instantly,allmyplannedspeech11inmythroat.”可知，作者準(zhǔn)備了發(fā)言。故選A項(xiàng)。【50題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：沒(méi)想到，人們看起來(lái)很友好，讓我感到不知所措。A.Undoubtedly無(wú)疑；B.Unexpectedly出乎意料地；C.Delightedly高興地；D.Evidently顯然。根據(jù)下文“peopleseemedniceandfriendly,makingmefeelataloss”可知，同學(xué)會(huì)上同學(xué)都很友好，與作者所想象的不一樣，讓她感到出乎意料。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：霎時(shí)間，我所有計(jì)劃好的發(fā)言都卡在喉嚨里了。A.stuck卡住的；B.whispered低聲地說(shuō)；C.rose升起；D.poured傾倒。根據(jù)上文“peopleseemedniceandfriendly,makingmefeelataloss”和下文“Afterall,itwaspointlesstoholdagrudge(怨恨)againstpeople”可推知，同學(xué)會(huì)上同學(xué)們的友好讓作者不知所措，準(zhǔn)備好“報(bào)仇”的發(fā)言說(shuō)不出來(lái)，卡在喉嚨里了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我突然想到，我能做的最好的事情就是原諒和忘記。A.appealed呼吁；B.occurred突然想到；C.referred參考；D.happened發(fā)生。下文“thebestthingIcoulddowasto13andforget!”是作者在聚會(huì)上突然萌生的想法，itoccurstosb.that是固定句型，意為“某人突然想到”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我突然想到，我能做的最好的事情就是原諒和忘記。A.trick欺騙；B.admire欽佩；C.appreciate欣賞；D.forgive原諒。根據(jù)上文“itwaspointlesstoholdagrudge(怨恨)againstpeopleIcouldn’tevenrecognize.”可知，作者已經(jīng)釋懷，選擇了原諒和忘記。故選D項(xiàng)。【54題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“汪汪”的叫聲似乎在明亮的陽(yáng)光下漸漸消失了。A.sharpen(使)變鋒利；B.fade逐漸消失；C.sweeten使變甜；D.travel旅行。根據(jù)上文“Afterall,itwaspointlesstoholdagrudge(怨恨)againstpeopleIcouldn’tevenrecognize.It12tomethatthebestthingIcoulddowasto13andforget!”可知，作者選擇了原諒和忘記，所以曾經(jīng)揮之不去的嘲笑的“汪汪”聲漸漸消失了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：突然間，我感到更快樂(lè)，更自信，更有魅力。A.grateful感謝的；B.hopeful滿懷希望的；C.confident自信的；D.reliable可靠的。結(jié)合上文可知，作者忘記了過(guò)去的夢(mèng)魘，重獲新生，感到更快樂(lè)，更自信，更有魅力。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。A5G-enabled,driver-lessminibus____56____(recent)caughttheattentionofdozensofpeopleinBeijingeagertogetalookandtryitoutbymakingpurchases.Simplyby____57____(wave)theirhands,buyersinthecrowdatShougangIndustrialParkinShijingshandistrictcouldsummon(召喚)theunmannedminibustostopnearthem.Consumerscouldpushavirtualbuttononthevehicle’sscreen____58____(buy)morethan20itemssuchaswaterorsouvenirsfromtheBeijing2022OlympicandParalympicWinterGames.Whentheminibusisnotaround,buyerscanplace____59____orderontheirsmartphones.Thevehiclethendrives____60____(it)tothem.Behindthisfuturisticmobileretailstoreisa5G-enabled,intelligentvehiclenetworkingsystemdeployed(部署)intheindustrialpark____61____severaleventsoftheWinterOlympicswilltakeplace.Itisjustoneofthe5G-enabled,cutting-edgeapplicationsthatarebeingtestedasthesportseventapproaches.____62____thesupportof5Gandcloudtechnologies,manythingscanbeaccomplishedinafar____63____(easy)manner.ChinaUnicomsaidthecorefeatures