湖北省荊門市等4地2024-2025學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期1月期末英語試題 含解析

湖北省—學(xué)年秋季學(xué)期高二期末聯(lián)考英語試卷本試卷共頁。全卷滿分分?？荚囉脮r(shí)分鐘。注意事項(xiàng)：答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上?；卮疬x擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效?？荚嚱Y(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Howmuchwillthewomanpay?A.$300.B.$375.C.$400.2.Whatfooddoesthewomanmostprobablylike?A.Chocolate.B.Cookies.C.Chips.3.WhatisCarolinelike?A.Sociable.B.Organized.C.Determined.4.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Atthewoman’shouse.B.Ataclothesshop.C.Atarestaurant.5.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Animals.B.Anartist.C.Landscapes.第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的、、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，第1頁/共22頁各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第、7題。6.WhatdoweknowaboutboattoursinSeptember?A.Theyarepopular.B.Theyhavelivemusic.C.Theyraisetheirprices.7.Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodo?A.abrochure.B.Bookticketsonline.C.Checktheweatherreport.聽第7段材料，回答第8至題。8.Whatdoesthewomandislikeaboutthesofa?A.Thecolour.B.Theprice.C.Thesize.9.Whatwillhappennextweek?A.Somenewsofaswillarrive.B.Astore’spromotionalsalewillend.C.Someproductswillbediscontinued.10.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodotoday?A.Getadiscountticket.B.Buyalamp.C.foracall.聽第8段材料，回答第至題。Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheonlineads?A.Useful.B.Surprising.C.Annoying.12.Whatdoesthemansuggestdoingwiththeonlineads?A.Ignoringthem.B.them.C.Clickingthem.13.Howdoesthemandescribetheonlineadvertisement?A.Boring.B.Attractive.C.Effective.聽第9段材料，回答第至題。14.HowdidMarybecomeaTVchef?A.Bysteppinginunexpectedly.B.Bybeingrecommendedbyanotherchef.C.Byreceivingtrainingfromtheproducers.15.HowdidMaryfeelaboutpresentingherownseriesatfirst?A.Confident.B.Hesitant.C.Nervous.16.WhatdoesMarysayaboutcurrentTVcookeryshows?第2頁/共22頁A.Theyreflectpeople’srealdiet.B.Theyfocusonstyleoversubstance.C.Theyaremoreentertainingthaninformative.聽第段材料，回答第至題。17.WhatcropwastheteamgatheringwhenKatevisitedthefarm?A.Potatoes.B.Kangaroograss.C.Dancinggrass.18.Whatwasthemaindifficultytheteamfaced?A.Restoringnativecrops.B.Lackingwrittenrecords.C.Conductingcropexperiments.19.Whatcanwelearnaboutmakingbreadwithdancinggrass?A.ItisasuccessfulB.Itisstillexperimental.C.Itisafailedattempt.20.Whatisthefarmownerinterestedindoing?A.Improvingtheland.B.Promotingnativecrops.C.Supportingfoodcompanies.第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下列短文，從每個(gè)題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAsnightsfallandthecoldclosesinontheNorthernHemisphere,onecaneitherescapesouthorwrapupwarmforwinterfun.Herearefourwintertraveldestinations,eachofferinguniqueactivities.TheScottishcapitalischeerfulonChristmasandNewEve.Daysmaybedarker,butEdinburghisbrightwithfairylightsandaseriesofeye-wideningdisplays.TheGerman-styleChristmasMarketislinedwithstandssellingfestivegoodspluscarefreeridesinSantaLand.Cuba’scolorfulstreetsaredreamyinDecember.Themonthmarksthebeginningofthedryseason,meaningreliablywarmdaysandscarcerain,idealforsun-bathedsouthcoastbeaches.HikethehillsandwatchseasonalbirdsastheyheadtoCuba’swetlandsandforests.第3頁/共22頁Staycoolinanicehotel,likeArcticSnowHotel,whichisrebuiltbyhandeverywinter.Adrenaline(腎上腺素)levelscanberaisedbysnowmobiling,cross-countryskiing,orArcticswimming.DecemberisalsoaprimemonthfortheNorthernLights.beforeChristmasforaspecialmeetingwithSanta.Shopforsouvenirsmadefromlocalmaterialslikereindeerleather.EarlyDecemberisthestartofEurope’sskiseason,butthemasseswon’tarriveuntilthemiddleofthemonth.Austriaissnow-surecomparedtosurroundingcountries,andyoucanbesureoffreshpowderathigherpeaks.Andifsnowypeaksaren’tscenicenough,lightsandseasonalChristmasmarketsgiveAustriathefestivefeeling.1.Whichdestinationappealstothoseenjoyingwarmsunshinebytheseaside?A.Edinburgh.B.Cuba.C.FinnishLapland.D.Austria.2.WhatcantouristsdoinFinnishLapland?A.Buildanicehotelbyhand.B.BuysouvenirsmadebySanta.C.theNorthernlightsatanytime.D.Enjoyadventurousoutdooractivities.3.WhatmakesAustriaagoodchoiceforskiingcomparedtoneighbouringcountries?A.Anearlierskiseason.B.Thebeautifulscenery.C.Reliablesnowconditions.D.snowypeaks.【答案】1.B2.D3.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了四個(gè)冬季旅游目的地及其特色活動(dòng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“Themonthmarksthebeginningofthedryseason,meaningreliablywarmdaysandscarcerain,idealforsun-bathedsouthcoastbeaches.(這個(gè)月標(biāo)志著旱季少，非常適合享受陽光沐浴的南海岸海灘)”可知，Cuba的12月非常適合享受陽光充足的南海岸海灘。因此，享受海邊溫暖陽光的人會(huì)選擇Cuba作為目的地。故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中“Adrenaline(腎上腺素)levelscanberaisedbysnowmobiling,cross-countryskiing,orArcticswimming.()FinnishLapland，游客可以體驗(yàn)冒險(xiǎn)的戶外活動(dòng)。故選D?！?題詳解】第4頁/共22頁細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Austriaissnow-surecomparedtosurroundingcountries,andyoucanbesureoffreshpowderathigherpeaks.(與周邊國家相比，奧地利的降雪有保障，你可以在更高的山峰上確定能看到新鮮的雪粉)”可知，奧地利相比鄰國來說是一個(gè)滑雪的好選擇，因?yàn)槠浣笛l件可靠。故選C。BAlthoughIhavebeenunconsciouslycollectingstoriesaboutmyfamilyeversinceIwasborn,itwasonlythissummerthatIdecidedtostartreachingoutformorestories.Inafamilywedding,seeingsomanyextendedfamilymembersandputtingfacestostories,Ifoundmyselfgraspingateveryinformationwhilelistening.IwantedtofindstoriesIhadn’tbeentoldbeforetopiecetogetherfrequentlyrepeatedones.Butrecordingstoriesisnotanorganizedprocess,especiallysincethesestoriescancomeoutofnowhere.Familystoriesareeverywhere,yettherearestillsomanygaps.Howcanyoucreateatimelinewhenyouaregivenonlyflashingimagesofunfamiliarclassrooms,thewoods,andadventures?Later,Irealizethatfamilystoriesarenotlinear(線性的).Rather,theyareacollectionofmemoriesandmomentsthatIambuildingupontoformabetterideaofwhoIamandwhereIcamefrom.WheneverIspeaktomygrandparentsabouttheirpasts—storiesofhardship,tolerance,andsuccess—Iamalwaysamazedatthequalitiesandspiritstheyexhibited.Somearepersonaldetails,whichnotonlygivemeinsightintowhatlifewaslikebackthen,butfurtherexposemetothedifferentcultureswhereIhavegrownup.Then,therearehistoricalpiecessuchasmygrandmother’smemorable13thbirthdaywhenshelearnedabouttheoutbreakofIIontheradio.Theyareuniquetomyfamilybutshapedbythebroaderhistoricalcontext.Thereisnoenddateforthisproject,andatsomepointIwillcontributemyown.Mine—gatheredfrompapernotes,Face-timecallsandletters—growlongerwitheachaddition.Documentingstoriesishonoringfamilytraditions,preservingworldhistory,andpayingrespecttothosewhoshapedyou.Forme,thecollectionhasdevelopedmyawarenessofmyidentityandtheworldaroundme.Itismyresponsibilitytoensurethatmyfamilystoriesarenotlosttotime.4.Whatdidtheauthordoafterattendingthewedding?A.Hecollectedstoriesactively.B.Hewaitedforstoriestoappear.C.Heputfacestostoriesheheard.D.Hereachedoutforstoriestoldbefore.5.Whatmakesrecordingfamilystorieschallenging?A.Theyhavefewgaps.B.Theycomeintimeorder.C.Theyappearunexpectedly.D.Theyincludelifeimages.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhisgrandparents’stories?第5頁/共22頁A.Theyarecenteredonhardships.B.Theyarepurelypersonaldetails.C.Theyleavehimdeeplysorrowful.D.Theyhelphimunderstandthepast.7.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A.Theprocessoffindingstories.B.Thenecessityofaddingstories.C.Themethodofcollectingstories.D.Thesignificanceofrecordingstories.【答案】4.A5.C6.D7.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文，作者講述了自己收集家族故事的經(jīng)歷，包括參加婚禮后開始積極收集故事，記錄故事過程中遇到的挑戰(zhàn)，對(duì)祖父母故事的看法，以及記錄家族故事的重要意義?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“itwasonlythissummerthatIdecidedtostartreachingoutformorestories.Inafamilywedding,seeingsomanyextendedfamilymembersandputtingfacestostories,Ifoundmyselfgraspingateveryinformationwhilelistening()”可知，參加婚禮后作者決定開始主動(dòng)收集更多故事，聽故事時(shí)不放過任何信息，所以是積極收集故事。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butrecordingstoriesisnotanorganizedprocess,especiallysincethesestoriescancomeoutofnowhere(但記錄故事并不是一個(gè)有條理的過程，尤其是因?yàn)檫@些故事可能會(huì)毫無征兆地出現(xiàn))”可知，故事出現(xiàn)得毫無預(yù)兆，這使得記錄故事很有挑戰(zhàn)性。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“WheneverIspeaktomygrandparentsabouttheirpasts—storiesofhardship,tolerance,andsuccess—Iamalwaysamazedatthequalitiesandspiritstheyexhibited.Somearepersonaldetails,whichnotonlygivemeinsightintowhatlifewaslikebackthen,butfurtherexposemetothedifferentcultureswhereIhavegrownup.(每當(dāng)我和祖父母談及他們的過去——那些充滿艱難困苦、寬容忍耐和成功的故事時(shí)，我總是對(duì)他們展現(xiàn)出的品質(zhì)和精神驚嘆不已。其中一些故事是個(gè)人細(xì)節(jié)，它們不僅讓我了解到當(dāng)時(shí)的生活是什么樣的，而且讓我進(jìn)一步接觸到我成長的不同文化)”可知，這些故事幫助作者了解過去。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Documentingstoriesishonoringfamilytraditions,preservingworldhistory,and第6頁/共22頁payingrespecttothosewhoshapedyou.Forme,thecollectionhasdevelopedmyawarenessofmyidentityandtheworldaroundme(些故事）培養(yǎng)了我對(duì)自身身份和周圍世界的認(rèn)知)”可知，此段主要講記錄故事的意義。故選D項(xiàng)。CSisyphus,awell-knownkinginGreekmythology,wassentencedtoforeversufferingintheunderworldbytheangrygods:hehadtorollahugerockupahill.Whenhereachedthetop,thestonewouldrollbackdowntothebottom,andhewouldhavetostartallover,onandon,forever.Nowadays,anytaskcombiningboredom,struggle,stress,andfutility(無意義)mightbelabeled“Sisyphean”.OnecouldevenarguethatalloflifeisSisyphean:weeatjusttogethungryagain,andshowerjusttogetdirtyagain,dayafterday,untiltheend.Absurd(荒謬的),isn’tit?AlbertCamus,thephilosopherandFatherofAbsurdismthinksso.InhisbookTheMythofSisyphus,CamusselectsSisyphusasarepresentativeoftheabsurd.AndyetCamusconcludes,“OnemustimagineSisyphushappy,becausethestruggleitselftowardstheheightsisenoughtofillaman’sheart.”Thismayseemimpossible,butthisunexpectedinsightinCamus’philosophyoflifeandhappinesscanhelpyouchangeyourperspectiveandseeyourdailystrugglesinanewway.Insteadoffeelingdesperationatthefutilityoflife,Camustellsustoconsciouslyacceptitsridiculousnessastheonlywaytoarriveathappiness.Infact,eachofuscancarryoutCamus’absurdismwithmindfulnessinordertoliveahappylife.Whenthebroadsweepoflifebringsyouhorror,justconcentrateonthismoment,andenjoyit.Thepleasureandmeaningyoucanfindrightnowarereal;themeaninglessnessofthefutureisnot.Onmybaddays,Iwakeupseeingonlyrocksandcan’tfacepushingthemonceagainupthathill.ThosearethedayswhenmyoldfriendCamuscomesinhandy.Ratherthanfeelingdespairingoftheabsurdityoflife,Idiveintoit,laughatit,andstartmydayinalightmood.ThenIgathermybelovedrocksandsetoutforthenearesthill.8.WhatpunishmentdidSisyphusreceive?A.Hehadtoclimbupanddownahill.B.Hehadtomoveastoneupahillrepeatedly.C.Hewassentencedtolivingintheunderworld.D.Hewasstoppedfromreachingthetopofahill.9.WhydoesCamusthinkSisyphusishappy?A.Hehasenoughsuffering.B.Hecankeephimselfengaged.C.Heisselectedasarepresentative.第7頁/共22頁D.Hecanalwaysstartoverhiswork.10.WhatwillyoudoinajamaccordingtoCamus’philosophy?A.Enjoymusicinthecar.B.Flashheadlightsrepeatedly.C.ComplainofthebusyD.Regretchoosingthewrongroute.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.aSisypheanLifeB.ExploringCamus’PhilosophyC.FindingJoyinRidiculousnessD.AcceptingHappinessConsciously【答案】8.B9.B10.AC【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了加繆的荒誕主義哲學(xué)，通過希臘神話中西西弗斯的故事，闡述了在看似無意義的生活中找到幸福的方法?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Sisyphus,awell-knownkinginGreekmythology,wassentencedtoforeversufferingintheunderworldbytheangrygods:hehadtorollahugerockupahill.Whenhereachedthetop,thestonewouldrollbackdowntothebottom,andhewouldhavetostartallover,onandon,forever.(西西弗斯，希臘神話中一位著名的國王，被憤怒的神靈判處永遠(yuǎn)在地獄受苦：他必須把一塊巨大的石頭滾上山。當(dāng)他到達(dá)山頂時(shí)，石頭會(huì)滾回山底，他必須一遍又一遍地重新開始，永遠(yuǎn)如此)”可知，西西弗斯受到的懲罰是反復(fù)把一塊石頭推上山。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】AndyetCamusconcludes,‘OnemustimagineSisyphushappy,becausethestruggleitselftowardstheheightsisenoughtofillaman’sheart.’()己一直忙于向高處推石頭的過程，這一奮斗過程本身就足以填滿一個(gè)人的心。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Whenthebroadsweepoflifebringsyouhorror,justconcentrateonthismoment,andenjoyit.Thepleasureandmeaningyoucanfindrightnowarereal;themeaninglessnessofthefutureisnot.(當(dāng)生活的廣闊帶給你恐懼時(shí)，就專注于這一刻，并享受它。你現(xiàn)在能找到的快樂和意義是真實(shí)的；未來的無意義不是)”可知，根據(jù)加繆的哲學(xué)，要專注于這一刻，并享受現(xiàn)在。由此推知，當(dāng)遇到交通堵塞時(shí)，應(yīng)該第8頁/共22頁專注于當(dāng)下，并享受它，比如享受車?yán)锏囊魳?。故選A項(xiàng)。【題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段中“Thismayseemimpossible,butthisunexpectedinsightinCamus’philosophyoflifeandhappinesscanhelpyouchangeyourperspectiveandseeyourdailystrugglesinanewway.Insteadoffeelingdesperationatthefutilityoflife,Camustellsustoconsciouslyacceptitsridiculousnessastheonlywaytoarriveathappiness.(這似乎是不可能的，但加繆關(guān)于生活和幸福的哲學(xué)中的這一意外見解可以幫助你改變你的觀點(diǎn)，并以一種新的方式看待你日常的掙扎。加繆告訴我們，不要對(duì)生活的無意義感到絕望，而是要有意識(shí)地接受它的荒謬，這是到達(dá)幸福的唯一途徑)”可知，本文主要講述了加繆的荒誕主義哲學(xué)，告訴我們?cè)诳此苹闹嚨纳钪姓业娇鞓返姆椒?。由此可知，C項(xiàng)“FindingJoyinRidiculousness(在荒謬中找到快樂)”是荒誕主義哲學(xué)的核心，最適合作文章標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。DClimatechangeismakingflightsrougher,meaningyourplaneridewillhavemorerockyconditions.Accordingtoa2024study,theaircraftjoltcausedbyturbulence(湍流)insomelocationsincreasedbyasmuchas55percentfrom1979to2020.Thegoodnewsis,accordingtoSwanseaUniversityexperts,thatbirds’perceptionofthewindmaybeusefulinforecastingturbulence.Birdsfrequentlyflyoverthousandsofkilometers,andtheamountofenergytheymustconsumewhiletravelingdependsonwinddirection,speed,andturbulence.Catchingthewrongwindscanalsobethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathwhenyou’rerunninglowonsuppliesattheendofalife-changingjourneyhalfwayaroundtheglobe.Somespeciesreachveryhighaltitudes,althoughmostdon’tflyalongsidecommercialjets.EmilyShepard,anexpertinbirdflightandairflowandhercolleaguesatSwanseaUniversity’sLaboratoryforAnimalMovementhopeto“visualizetheinvisible”andchartthemovementsoftheairbyexamininghowthesebirdsreacttoturbulence.Shepard’steamflewanaircraftalongsideagroupofhomingpigeonsfrom2018to2019.Theyrecordedtheturbulencelevelsduringthebirds’flightsbacktotheirnestsusingGPSandaccelerationdatarecordersfixedtothebirds—atotalof88flights.Theteamflewinarangeofweathersituations,includingearlymornings,laterintheday,andseveralseasons.Expertssaidbirdsmightserveasmobilemeteorological(氣象學(xué)的)sensors,gatheringinformationaboutanydisturbancetheyencounterastheyfly.Notonlycanbirdsflyinconditionsthatplanescannot,Shepardcontinues,butthiswouldalsobelessexpensivethanemployingsensorsfixedtoaircraft.Thisknowledgeiscriticaltotheairlinebusinessandweatherscienceatlargebecauseitenablesmeteorologistsandpilotstoforecastandmanage第9頁/共22頁turbulencemoreeffectively.Whilecertainpotentialsexistformodernaircrafttechnologiestodetectandavoidturbulence,researchonanimalbehaviorintheairmayafreshandmoreinsightfulmethodofcomprehendingthisphenomenon.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“jolt”inparagraph1mean?A.Flight.B.Acceleration.C.Movement.D.Roughness.13.Whyisitimportantforbirdstoperceivethewind?A.conserveenergy.B.finddirection.C.findenoughsupplies.D.reachhighaltitudes.14.WhatisthepurposeofthestudyconductedbyShepard’steam?A.drawbirds’flyingpatterns.B.improvetheaircraftdesign.C.predictturbulenceeffectively.D.analyzebirds’reactionstoturbulence.15.Howmightbirdscontributetometeorologyandairtravel?A.Byavoidingturbulenceduringflights.B.Byservingaseconomicalmobilesensors.C.Byreducingtheneedforweatheraircraft.D.Bypredictingweatherpatternsontheirown.【答案】12.D13.A14.C15.B【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了氣候變化使飛行更顛簸，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)鳥類對(duì)風(fēng)的感知或有助于預(yù)測湍流?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。劃線詞的上文“Climatechangeismakingflightsrougher,meaningyourplaneridewillhavemorerockyconditions.()”提到氣候變化導(dǎo)致飛行環(huán)境更加顛簸，再結(jié)合劃線詞的下文“causedbyturbulence(湍流)insomelocations(由某些地方的湍流引起)”可推知，飛機(jī)會(huì)因湍流而產(chǎn)生顛簸，劃線詞jolt意思應(yīng)該是“顛簸，不平穩(wěn)”，與Roughness意思相近。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Birdsfrequentlyflyoverthousandsofkilometers,andtheamountofenergythey第10頁/共22頁mustconsumewhiletravelingdependsonwinddirection,speed,andturbulence.Catchingthewrongwindscanalsobethedifferencebetweenlifeanddeathwhenyou’rerunninglowonsuppliesattheendofalife-changingjourneyhalfwayaroundtheglobe.(鳥類經(jīng)常飛行數(shù)千公里，它們?cè)陲w行過程中必須消耗的能量取決于風(fēng)向、速度和湍流。當(dāng)你在環(huán)繞地球半圈的、改變生命軌跡的旅程接近尾聲，物資所剩無幾時(shí)，遇上不利的風(fēng)也可能關(guān)乎生死)”可知，選擇錯(cuò)誤的風(fēng)向可能會(huì)消耗大量能量，導(dǎo)致生死攸關(guān)的后果，尤其是在長途飛行中。因此，鳥類感知風(fēng)的主要目的是為了節(jié)省能量。故選A項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Thegoodnewsis,accordingtoSwanseaUniversityexperts,thatbirds’perceptionofthewindmaybeusefulinforecastingturbulence.(好消息是，據(jù)斯旺西大學(xué)的專家稱，鳥類對(duì)風(fēng)的感知可能有助于預(yù)測湍流)”和第三段“EmilyShepard,anexpertinbirdflightandairflowandhercolleaguesatSwanseaUniversity’sLaboratoryforAnimalMovementhopeto“visualizetheinvisible”andchartthemovementsoftheairbyexamininghowthesebirdsreacttoturbulence.(EmilyShepard是斯旺西大學(xué)動(dòng)物運(yùn)動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的鳥類飛行和氣流專家，她和她的同事們希望通過研究這些鳥類對(duì)湍流的反應(yīng)來‘可視化看不見的東西’，并繪制空氣運(yùn)動(dòng)的圖表)”可知，該研究團(tuán)隊(duì)的目的是根據(jù)鳥類對(duì)湍流的反應(yīng)描繪出湍流的情況，從而更有效地預(yù)測湍流。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段中“Expertssaidbirdsmightserveasmobilemeteorological(氣象學(xué)的)sensors,gatheringinformationaboutanydisturbancetheyencounterastheyfly.Notonlycanbirdsflyinconditionsthatplanescannot,Shepardcontinues,butthiswouldalsobelessexpensivethanemployingsensorsfixedtoaircraft.(Shepard繼續(xù)說，鳥類不僅可以在飛機(jī)無法飛行的條件下飛行，而且這比在飛機(jī)上安裝傳感器更便宜)”可知，鳥類在氣象學(xué)和航空旅行中的貢獻(xiàn)主要是作為經(jīng)濟(jì)的移動(dòng)傳感器。故選B項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題分，滿分分）Imaginethatyouarefeelingdownandinadequate.Someonewholovesyouwantstohelpbysayingsomethingreallycomforting.Howaboutperfectjustthewayyouare”?Thatsoundsnice!___16___Thetruthisthatyouarenotperfect,andneitherisanyoneelse.humanshaveanaturaltendencytooverstateourpositivequalities,andcompareourselvesfavorablywithothers.___17___Anditgivesrisetoallsortsofmisrepresentationsinhowweseeourselvesandtheworldaroundus.Forexample,backinthe1980s,researchersshowedthatupto80percentofmotoristsconsideredthemselvesto第11頁/共22頁haveabove-averagedrivingskills.___18___Itactsasshelterfromthementalpainthatcomesfromnegativecomparisonswithothers.Beingtoldthatyou’rewonderful,evenperfect,meetsyourneedofself-enhancement.Althoughself-enhancementfeelsgoodintheshortterm,itisnotalong-termsolutiontolife’sproblems.Forinstance,researchersshowedthatwhencollegestudentsheldanoverestimatedviewoftheirownacademicability,itenhancedtheirmoodandpositiveemotion.___19___Infact,thestudentstendedtofailattheiracademicexpectations,andthatinpartledtolowerself-respectoverthelongterm.Sowefaceadilemmainlife:wewanttofeelbetterandmakeothersfeelbetter,butpeople’stendencytodosothroughself-enhancementisashort-livedsolutionwithpossiblyenduringultimatecosts.Abetterapproachmightbetoreconsiderourimperfections,andthoseofothers,notasshortcomingsbutasinterestingchallengestoovercome.___20___A.Ithelpsustoavoidnegativefeedback.B.Thisiswhatwecallself-enhancement.C.Onereasonforthistendencyisitsprotectivefunction.D.Beingtoldyou’reperfectcanmakeyoufeelgoodtemporarily.E.Afterall,ifyou’realreadyperfect,whatistherelefttofightfor?F.This,however,maybethemostmisleadingthingthatpeopletellus.G.Buttheoverestimationdidnottranslateintobetteracademicperformance.【答案】16.F17.B18.C19.G20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章主要討論了人們傾向于高估自己的積極品質(zhì)，即自我提升的現(xiàn)象，以及這種現(xiàn)象雖然短期內(nèi)讓人感覺良好，但并非解決問題的長久之計(jì)，更好的方法是正視自己和他人的不完美，將其視為有待克服的有趣挑戰(zhàn)?！?6題詳解】上文“Howaboutperfectjustthewayyouare’?Thatsoundsnice!(‘你就是現(xiàn)在的你，已經(jīng)很完美了’這句話怎么樣?聽起來不錯(cuò)!)”提出了一句聽起來很不錯(cuò)的安慰話，F(xiàn)選項(xiàng)“This,however,maybethemostmisleadingthingthatpeopletellus.(然而，這可能是人們告訴我們的最誤導(dǎo)人的話)”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出這句話可能是最誤導(dǎo)人的，引出下文對(duì)“沒有人是完美的”這一事實(shí)的討論，上下文語意銜接自然。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】第12頁/共22頁上文“humanshaveanaturaltendencytooverstateourpositivequalities,andcompareourselvesfavorablywithothers.(我們?nèi)祟愑幸环N天生的傾向，那就是夸大自己的積極品質(zhì)，并把自己和別人有利地比較)”描述了人類的一種自然傾向，B選項(xiàng)“Thisiswhatwecallself-enhancement.(這就是我們所說的自我提升)”對(duì)上Anditgivesrisetoallsortsofmisrepresentationsinhowweseeourselvesandtheworldaroundus.(它導(dǎo)致了我們?cè)诳创约汉椭車澜鐣r(shí)的各種歪曲)”中的指示代詞“it”指代“self-enhancement”。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】下文“Itactsasshelterfromthementalpainthatcomesfromnegativecomparisonswithothers.(它就像是一個(gè)避風(fēng)港，讓我們免受與他人負(fù)面比較所帶來的精神痛苦)”指出某種東西可以保護(hù)我們免受精神痛苦，C選項(xiàng)“Onereasonforthistendencyisitsprotectivefunction.(這種傾向的一個(gè)原因是它的保護(hù)功能)”中的“protectivefunction”與下文“shelterfromthementalpain們免受精神痛苦。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】上文“Forinstance,researchersshowedthatwhencollegestudentsheldanoverestimatedviewoftheirownacademicability,itenhancedtheirmoodandpositiveemotion.(力持有過高評(píng)價(jià)時(shí)，他們的情緒和積極情緒會(huì)得到增強(qiáng))”舉例說明自我提升在短期內(nèi)讓人感覺良好，G選項(xiàng)“Buttheoverestimationdidnottranslateintobetteracademicperformance.(但這種高估并沒有轉(zhuǎn)化為更好的學(xué)術(shù)表現(xiàn))”與上文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，指出自我提升并不能帶來更好的學(xué)術(shù)表現(xiàn)，引出下文對(duì)學(xué)生未能達(dá)到學(xué)術(shù)期望的討論。故選G項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】上文“Abetterapproachmightbetoreconsiderourimperfections,andthoseofothers,notasshortcomingsbutasinterestingchallengestoovercome.(作缺點(diǎn)，而是當(dāng)作有待克服的有趣挑戰(zhàn))”提出了一種更好的方法，即正視不完美并將其視為挑戰(zhàn)，E選項(xiàng)“Afterall,ifyou’realreadyperfect,whatistherelefttofightfor?(畢竟，如果你已經(jīng)完美了，還有什么值得去爭取的呢?)相呼應(yīng)。故選E項(xiàng)。第三部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分分）第一節(jié)（共小題；每小題1分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的、、、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。AfterabagofpresentsfelloutofSanta’ssleigh(雪橇),cleanerssavedtheday.LastChristmasEve,Kaneand

第13頁/共22頁Ramey,twohighwayworkers___21___abrokenbag.Insideweretennisshoesandtoys,___22___outofthebrokengiftwrapper.KaneandRameybroughtthebagtoheadquarters,butnobodyhad___23___giftsmissing.TheymadeaFacebookpost,hopingitwould___24___infrontoftherighteyessoon.Afterall,Christmasmorningwasonlyone___25___away.hourslater,Kaneendedhis___26___fortheday,andstillnothing.Hetoldthenightcrewaboutitandthatsomeonemight___27___.Anyclaimscouldbe___28___viathenamesonthegiftcard.Moreworkers,investedingettingthesegiftshome,joinedintrackingdowntheir___29___.Luckily,around9p.m.,gotacallfromDavidCarlile,who____30____havinglostabag.Asitturnedout,Carlilewasonthewaytovisithis____31____whenthebagdroppedout.He’dspentmostofChristmasEve____32____tryingtoreplacethemissingpresents.NowCarlilehappilydrovebacktore-wrapthe____33____beforehisgrandchildrenwokeup.onholidaynightsandhavingtomissoutonthefestivalarereally____34____,”says“Butbeingabletomakesomeone’sChristmasbetter,Iwaspretty____35____.”21.A.lostB.receivedC.returnedD.spotted22.A.runningB.spillingC.flowingD.jumping23.A.foundB.consideredC.reportedD.seen24.A.stopB.landC.spreadD.rise25.A.sleepB.mileC.blockD.step26.A.missionB.careerC.postD.shift27.A.turnaroundB.callinC.giveupD.breakdown28.A.confirmedB.deniedC.submittedD.rejected29.A.bossesB.customersC.ownersD.inventors30.A.suggestedB.claimedC.regrettedD.remembered31.A.friendsB.colleaguesC.parentsD.grandchildren32.A.desperatelyB.deliberatelyC.sincerelyD.happily33.A.cardsB.bagsC.itemsD.letters34.A.amazingB.hopelessC.idealD.hard35.A.skillfulB.confidentC.proudD.smart【答案】21.D22.B23.C24.B25.A26.D27.B28.A29.C30.B31.D32.A33.C34.D35.C【解析】第14頁/共22頁【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了清潔工凱恩和雷米發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)破損袋子，里面是圣誕節(jié)禮物，最終他們接到了大衛(wèi)·卡萊爾的電話，挽救了局面?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：去年平安夜，兩名公路工人凱恩和雷米發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)破損的袋子。A.lost丟失；B.received收到；C.returned返回；D.spotted發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)后文“abrokenbag”指兩人平安夜發(fā)現(xiàn)了破損的袋子。故選D?！?2題詳解】A.running奔跑；B.spilling灑出，掉落；C.flowing流動(dòng)；D.jumping跳躍。根據(jù)后文“outofthebrokengiftwrapper”指網(wǎng)球鞋和玩具從破損的禮品包裝紙里掉了出來，應(yīng)用spill。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：凱恩和雷米把袋子帶到了總部，但是沒有人報(bào)告丟失了禮物。A.found發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.considered考慮；C.reported報(bào)告；D.seenKaneandRameybroughtthebagtoheadquarters,butnobodyhad”可知，他們把袋子拿到總部想找失主，結(jié)果沒有人報(bào)告丟失了禮物。故選C?！?4題詳解】Facebook上發(fā)了一個(gè)帖子，希望它能很快出現(xiàn)在人們的眼前。A.stop停止；B.land降落，突然出現(xiàn)；C.spread傳播；D.rise上升。根據(jù)后文“infrontoftherighteyessoon”指帖子出現(xiàn)在人們眼前，應(yīng)用land。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：畢竟，離圣誕節(jié)的早晨只有一晚了。A.sleep睡眠時(shí)間；B.mile英里；C.block街區(qū)；D.step腳步。根據(jù)上文“LastChristmasEve”以及“Afterall,Christmasmorningwasonlyone”可知，平安夜撿到的，第二天早上就是圣誕節(jié)，即只差一個(gè)睡眠時(shí)間。故選A?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：十個(gè)小時(shí)后，凱恩下班了，還是一無所獲。A.mission任務(wù)；B.career事業(yè)；C.post帖子；D.shift輪班工作時(shí)間，轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)上文“AfterabagofpresentsfelloutofSanta’ssleigh,cleanerssavedtheday.(一袋禮物從圣誕老人的雪橇上掉下來后，清潔工救了局面)”可知，凱恩是清潔工，所以指他輪班工作時(shí)間結(jié)束，故選D?！?7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：他把這件事告訴了夜班工作人員，說可能會(huì)有人打電話來。A.turnaround轉(zhuǎn)身；B.callinC.giveup放棄；D.breakdownHetoldthenightcrewabout

第15頁/共22頁itandthatsomeonemight”可知，他認(rèn)為失主可能會(huì)打電話進(jìn)來。故選B?！?8題詳解】A.confirmedB.denied否認(rèn)；C.submitted提交；D.rejectedviathenamesonthegiftcard禮品卡上的名字確認(rèn)。故選A?！?9題詳解】工人加入了尋找這些禮物的主人的行列。A.bossesB.customersC.ownersD.inventorsgettingthesegiftshome,joinedintrackingdowntheir”為了送禮物回家，大家都在尋找禮物的主人。故選C?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，晚上9點(diǎn)左右，接到了大衛(wèi)·卡萊爾的電話，他聲稱自己丟了A.suggestedB.claimedC.regrettedD.rememberedhavinglostabag”可知，大衛(wèi)·卡萊爾聲稱自己丟了一個(gè)包。呼應(yīng)上文“Anyclaimscouldbe...”。故選B?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：事實(shí)證明，卡萊爾是在去看望他的孫子們的路上，禮品掉了出來。A.friends朋友；B.colleagues同事；C.parents父母；D.grandchildrenbeforehisgrandchildrenwokeup”可知是在去看望孫子孫女的路上弄丟了禮物。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：平安夜的大部分時(shí)間里，他都在拼命地尋找那些丟失的禮物。A.desperately拼命地；B.deliberately故意地；C.sincerely真誠地；D.happilyHe’dspentmostofChristmasEve”可知，平安夜拼命尋找丟失的禮物。故選A?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在，卡萊爾高興地開車回去，趕在孫子們醒來之前把這些東西重新包裝好。A.cardsB.bagsC.itemsD.lettersNowCarlilehappilydrovebacktore-wrapthe”以及“outofthebrokengiftwrapper”可知，禮物的包裝破了，要重新包裝這些東西。故選C?！?4題詳解】A.amazing驚人B.hopelessC.idealD.hardonholidaynightsandhavingtomissoutonthefestivalarereally”可知，在節(jié)假日晚上工作，不得不錯(cuò)過節(jié)日真的很難受。故選D?！?5題詳解】第16頁/共22頁考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：“但是能夠讓別人的圣誕節(jié)過得更好，我很自豪?！盇.skillful熟練的；B.confident自信的；C.proud驕傲的；D.smartbeingabletomakesomeone’sChristmasbetter”可知，他為讓別人的圣誕節(jié)過得更好而感到驕傲。故選C。第二節(jié)（共小題；每小題分，滿分分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。ChineseinfluencerLiziqimadeacomebackwithherlatestvideoonlacquerware(漆器