2024-2025學(xué)年江蘇省徐州市第七中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期12月考試英語試卷

2024—2025學(xué)年江蘇省徐州市第七中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期12月考試英語試卷

一、閱讀理解(★★)Thenaturalworldisallaroundus,butsometimesitrequirestakingastepbackfromourdailylivestotrulyappreciateit.Theescapesonthislistallowyoutogainsomeperspectiveandmakeyouimmersedinthelandscapes.BigFiveBucketList,TANZANIAAsoneoftheworld’smostpreciousanimalreserves,theFourSeasonsSafariLodgeinvitesgueststoputdowntheirphonesandrefreshtheirmind.Throughbalconyviews,visitorsseeupclosetoanimals,liketheBigFivelion,leopard,buffalo,elephantandrhinoceros.Orexperiencethewonderfromtheairviahotairballoon.WildHorses,GEORGIAGeorgiahasnocoastline,onlybarrierislands.CumberlandIslandremainsanaturalreservealongAmerica’sNationalSeashores.It’sonlyaccessibleviaboat,butonceyou’reontheislandyoucanbicycleorwalktoseetheherdsofwildhorses,enjoyadayatthebeachorwanderaroundtheruinsoftheDungenessMansion.JungleRidgeline,HAWAIIThisjungletrailinOahugoesdeepintothelushwheresunlightisscarcebutadventureisnot.Streams,animalsandwaterfallssurroundyouonyourjourneytothetopofthecrater(火山口).Leavetimetojumpintooneofthepoolsforaswim,andenjoytheviewfromtheKa’auvolcanicventinpeace.MaritimeMicroclimate,NEWZEALANDTouringthe144islandsofthissubtropicalmicroclimateviaseaallowsvisitorstoenjoythemselvesintheregion’shistoryandnaturalbeauty.Conservationareas,amaritimeplaygroundcompletewithpenguins,dolphinsandwhalesandrainforestsareawelcomeescapefromdailylives.1.Inwhichdestinationcanyougetabird’s-eyeview?

A．JungleRidgeline.B．MaritimeMicroclimate.C．WildHorsesD．BigFiveBucketList.2.Whatdothefourtraveldestinationshaveincommon?

A．Visitorscanappreciateanimals.B．Visitorscanenjoywatersports.C．Theyareallalongthecoastline.D．Theyarelocatedinthenationalpark.3.Whattypeofwritingisthistext?

A．Aguidetoadventuroustravelplans.B．Aproposalforwildlifereserveprotection.C．Anintroductiontoimmersivescenicspots.D．Areportofpopulartraveldestinations.(★★★)Aformerstarchitect(明星建筑師)whodesignedvillasforPakistan’scelebritiesnowrebuildsvillagescompletelydestroyedbynaturaldisasters.October2005,acatastrophicearthquakeclaimingsome79,000peopleinPakistanreducedthevillagestoruinsinmud.YasmeenLari,athen-65-year-oldarchitectwastheretohelpleadthereconstructionofsettlements.WorkingwithvolunteerarchitectsandengineersfromPakistanandabroad,shestarteddrawingplansforearthquake-resistanthomes.Overthefollowingdecades,Laridesignedvarioushousesanddevicesinside.Lari’sshelters,inspiredbytraditionaldesignsandmadewithsustainablematerialssuchasbamboo,mudandlime(石灰)thataresourcedlocallyfirst,canbetterwithstanddisasters.Bamboohomesonstilts(柱子)allowwatertoflowthrough,whilecross-bracing(交叉支撐)providesstrengthandflexibilityduringearthquakes.Lari’sinsistenceonlow-cost,zero-wasteandzero-carbonbuildingsreflectshercommitmenttotheplanet.ThissustainableinspirationhasfuelledmanyofLari’sdesigns,whichnowincludehouseholdinnovations.Forinstance,morethan80,000ofherwell-receivedlimecreteandsmokelesscookstoveswerebuilt.Thedevice,whichwonaUNWorldHabitatPrizein2018,costsaboutE8tomakeandisfuelledwithagriculturalwaste.Thestovesstandhigherthanfloodlevels,makingthemsaferthansmoky,opencookingfiresontheground.Nowatage83,Lariisstillfizzingwithideasaboutzero-carbondesigns,skillsbuildingandself-sustainingvillages.4.WhichcanbestdescribeYasmeenLari?

A．Insistentandconventional.B．Productiveandstubborn.C．Innovativeandcommitted.D．Economicalandacademic.5.WhatisanadvantageofLari’sshelters?

A．Theyaccommodatehomelessvillagers.B．Theyareallmadeoflocalmaterials.C．Theyfollowtraditionaldesigns.D．Theyareresistanttoearthquakes.6.WhatdoweknowaboutthestoveLaridesigned?

A．Itcostsalot.B．Itgeneratessmoke.C．Itgainspopularity.D．Itburnsanimalwaste.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A．FromarchitecttohumanitarianB．ThegreatestarchitecteverC．RebuildingdestroyedvillagesD．Designinghouseholddevices(★★)Relativesofstarfish,brittlestars(海蛇尾)spendmostoftheirtimehidingunderrocksintheoceanordigginginthesand.Theseshymarinecreatureshavenobraintospeakof—justnervecordsrunningdowneachoftheirfivewigglyarms,whichjointoformanerveringneartheirmouth.“There’snoprocessingcenter.Eachofthenervecordscanactindependently.Insteadofaboss,it’slikeacommittee.Thatseemstobeenoughtolearnbyassociation,”saidleadauthorJuliaNotar.Thistypeofleaninginvolvesassociatingdifferentstimuliviaaprocesscalledclassicalconditioning(條件反射).Classicalconditioninghasbeendemonstratedinahandfulofpreviousstudiesinstarfish.Butbrittlestarsandsimilarlybrainlessstarfishhavenotbeentested.Tofindoutifbrittlestarshavetheabilityoflearning,theresearchersput16blackbrittlestarsinindividualwatertanksandusedavideocameratorecordtheirbehavior.Halfthebrittlestarsweretrainedbydimmingthelightsfor30minuteswhenevertheanimalswerefed.Everytimethelightswentout,theresearcherswouldputabitofshrimpinthetanks,placedjustoutofreach.Theotherhalfgotjustasmuchshrimpandalsoexperienceda30-minutedarkperiod,butneveratthesametime—theanimalswerefedunderlitconditions.Whetheritwaslightordark,theanimalsspentmostoftheirtimehidingbehindthefiltersintheirtanks,onlycomingoutatmealtime.Butonlythetrainedbrittlestarslearnedtoassociatedarknesswithfood.Theydidn’tneedtosmellortastetheshrimptoreact.Notarsaidtheresultsareexcitingbecauseclassicalconditioninghasn’treallybeenshowndefinitivelyinthisgroupofanimalsbefore.“Knowingthatbrittlestarscanlearnmeansthey’renotjustroboticscavengers(清道夫)cleaninguptheoceanfloor,”Notarsaid.“They’repotentiallyabletoexpectandavoidpredators(捕食者)orexpectfoodbecausethey’relearningabouttheirenvironment.”8.Whatisparagraph1about?

A．Thelivinghabitsofbrittlestars.B．Thefeaturesofabrainlesscreature.C．Thecharacteristicsofthestarfish.D．Thedefinitionofclassicalconditioning.9.Inwhichaspectwerethetwogroupsdifferentintermsofexperimentdesign?

A．Thehidingtimeintanks.B．Thechangeoffeedinglocation.C．Theamountoftheshrimp.D．Lightconditionsatmealtime.10.WhatdoesNotar’sresearchfind?

A．Brittlestarscanbetrainedtomakeaconnection.B．Brittlestarscancleanuptheoceanfloor.C．Brittlestars’nervecordscanactindependently.D．Brittlestarshaveasharpsenseofsmell.11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphindicate?

A．Brainlessbrittlestarscanactlikerobots.B．Brittlestarsmightkeepawayfromcatchers.C．Brittlestarsaretheonlyoceanfloorcleaners.D．Brittlestarsareadaptabletonewenvironment.(★★★)ThesongoftheFloridagrasshoppersparrowisunusualandsurprisinglyinsect-like.Butitalmostfellsilentforever.In2012,JoelSartore,thefounderofNationalGeographicExplorerandPhotoArkreceivedacallfromtheU.S.FishandWildlifeService:Thesongbird,animportantecologicallinkinFlorida’sdrygrassland,wasontheedgeofextinction.Withonlyafewdozenmalesshowingupincounts,itwasamongNorthAmerica’smostendangeredbirdspecies.SartoreflewtoFloridatophotographthebirdandworkwithconservationiststoraiseawarenessofthespecies’difficultsituation.Thestoryappearedinoutlets,suchasnewspapers,magazinesandeventheInternet,helpingboostgovernmentfundingforabreedingprogram.Thankstothesesteps,therearenowasmanyas180adultsinthewildandresearchersareworkinghardtobringthespeciesbackfromthebrinkofextinction.Likeotherexamplesofspeciessurvival,thepushtosavethesparrowis“aremarkablestoryofbeliefandcooperation,”saysSartore.Italsoshowswhatittakestoprotectanendangeredspecies:research,narratives,partnerships,resourcesandtime.Thisjourneyshowsthesociety’smissiontoillustrateandprotectthewonderoftheworld.Overthepast136years,we’vedevelopedauniqueExplorer-ledmodel,combiningscience,exploration,education,andstorytellingtodriveimpact.WesupportExplorerinmorethan140countries,includingSartoreandotherswhoseworkappearsinthisissue:biologistAndréGreenII,photographerLynseyAddarioandeducationadvocateAraKusuma.Sartorehasbeencreatingan“ark”ofanimalphotosfor17years.Portraitsofmorethan15,000speciesinviteaudiencestoconnectandcare.Withthesociety’ssupport,theimageshaveappearedonlandmarksandU.S.postagestamps,promptingon—the—groundconservationeffortssuchasaninitiativeofNationalGeographicExplorerandPhotoArk.AsSartoresays,“Thesoundsofbirdsarethesoundsofahealthyplanet.Whenwesaveabirdoranotherspecies,we’reactuallysavingourselves.”12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A．Byclarifyingaconcept.B．Byofferinganexample.C．Bygivinganexplanation.D．Byquotingaremark.13.Whichhasthesimilarmeaningwith“outlets”inparagraph2?

A．Stores.B．Media.C．Exits.D．Books14.Whatcontributestothesparrow’ssurvival?

A．Afundingprogramfromthegovernment.B．Anarkofanimalphotosinthemagazine.C．Auniqueinitiativeforspeciesprotection.D．Ajointeffortfromdifferentprofessionals.15.WhatdoesSartorewanttoconveyinthelastparagraph?

A．Theurgencyofspecies’protection.B．Thepromotionofcooperativemethods.C．Theimportanceofcoexistence.D．Thesituationofhumansurvival.(★★★)Therearealotofchemicalsthatcancauseindoorairpollution.Arecentprojectconductedhasfoundover900differentsubstancesinourhomearerelatedtoit.Manyresearchershavealreadyexaminedthecausesofindoorairpollution.16Ithasbeenprovedthatdifferentkindsofchemicalscanbereleasedbybuildingmaterialsandnewfurniture.Everythingfrompaintinganddecoratingproducts,bathroomcleanersandbeautyproductscancontainthesechemicals.17Forinstance,cookinggeneratesalotofharmfulemissions,likefryingmeatinoil.AsaresearchfromDenmarkhashighlighted,cooking,particularlyroastingcandamageourbody.Roastdinnerscontainmanypotentiallyharmfulpollutants.18Whenexposedtocookingemissions,peopleactuallyhadDNAdamage.Itcanbeassociatedwithcellrepairprocessesthattriggercancer—causinggeneticchanges.19Andwhatcanwedowithit?Asfarascookingemissionsareconcerned,nooneissuggestingswitchingtotakeaways.20Forexample,cookingmeatathightemperatureswithlotsoffatproducesmoreharmfulemissionsthanboilingpasta.Besides,openingwindowsandusingcookerhoodsarepreferablesothatwecanenjoytheroastedmeatwithoutthoseundesirableeffects.

A．Inthelongrun,thesechangesleadtocancer.B．Theymightalsoarisefromcookingathome.C．Awiderangeofsourcesareunderinvestigation.D．Therefore,whatresultsfromindoorairpollution?E．However,mostofushaveignoredtheirbadeffects.F．So,whatarethemaincontributorstopoorairquality?G．Butwecanchangehowwecooktodealwiththeemissions.二、完形填空(★★★)MyparentshaveaboxerdogcalledBoriswhichisasbadlybehavedashisnamemightsuggest.Heisknownto________onachairatthekitchentableexpectingfull________.Wheneverthedishwasherisbeingstacked,helikestoaddapersonalprewashtothe________.Evenmymothermight________thatBorisistheworst-behaveddogshehaseverhad,butontheplusside,heisvery________.Thesofasandchairsintheirsittingroomarecoveredinbooks-notbecausemyparentslovetoread,butinanattemptto________thedogclimbingonthefurniture.________,anyhumanwhowantstositonasofahasto________alibraryofbooks.I’vesuggestedaremovablecoverwouldbemoreattractive,ortraining,butit’stoolateforthat.ThestorybetweenmyparentsandBorisisrepeatedacrossourcommunity.Usually,ourgangofdogsgatheredalmostdaily,________didwe.Agroupoffolksofdifferentages,backgroundsandinterests—all________byourdogs.Friendsarethereforemadethroughdogs,creatinga________thatlastsfarbeyondthelifespanofourcanine(犬的)family.Sunny,JessandArchiehaveall________now,butthefriendshipbetweenushumansremains.Ihavemetsomanypeoplewhosedaily________withtheirgroupofdoghavebeentheirmainstayandhelpedthemdealwith________.Theyaremedicineforthe_________.Dogsareactuallyman’sbestfriends.21.A．getupB．comeupC．putupD．situp22.A．loveB．foodC．serviceD．massage23.A．platesB．mealsC．meatsD．vegetables24.A．complainB．worryC．explainD．conclude25.A．greedyB．naughtyC．lovelyD．proud26.A．observeB．preventC．noticeD．keep27.A．FortunatelyB．NaturallyC．IncrediblyD．Consequently28.A．deliverB．rearrangeC．carryD．equip29.A．a(chǎn)sB．orC．norD．a(chǎn)lso30.A．providedB．supportedC．unitedD．surrounded31.A．barrierB．bondC．borderD．belief32.A．goneB．grownC．sleptD．cloned33.A．runB．houseworkC．dialoguesD．walks34.A．difficultiesB．lonelinessC．relationshipsD．troubles35.A．bodyB．diseasesC．soulD．sufferings三、語法填空(★★★)閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Thisyearmarksthe20thanniversaryofChina’sfirstmannedspacemission.Sincethen,China,thethirdnationintheworldcapable36independentlyconductingmannedspacemissionshascarriedout12crewedflights.“Ourmannedspaceprogramhasbeendevelopedrapidly.Thescientistsandengineerssuccessfullycompletedeachstepwe37(plan)fortheprogram.”Yang,nowaseniorofficialofthemannedspaceprogram,toldthathefeltverygladtoseethenation’s38(achieve)inspace.InAugust1992,aspecialcommittee39(comprise)ofhigh-rankingleadersdecidedthatChinawouldassembleaspacestationinthecomingdecades.TheplanwasapprovedinSeptemberthatyear.40markedthestartofthenation’smannedspaceprogram.Tomeetthe41(ambition)goal,scientistsmadespecificplansandtookasystematicapproach,42(advance)patientlyfromsimple,multi-dayflightstocomplicatedandmonth-longmissions.Initially,Chineseresearcherscameacrosstheproblem43itwasdifficulttodesignanew-generationcrewedspacecraft.Thankfully,theycompletedtheTiangongspacestationlastyear,44laidthefoundationforthenation’sfirstprospectivemannedexpeditiontothemoonaround2030.HavingorbitedEarthabout400kilometers,Tiangong45(expect)tooperateforatleast10yearsasanationalspace-basedlaboratory.四、書信寫作(★★★)46.近日,中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日春節(jié)被確定為聯(lián)合國假日。請你為廣播站寫一篇面向全校師生的英文發(fā)言稿,分享這個(gè)好消息。內(nèi)容包括：1.告知消息內(nèi)容；2.說明它的意義；3.表達(dá)你的感想。注意：1.詞數(shù)80左右；2.涵蓋要點(diǎn),可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.不得出現(xiàn)真實(shí)姓名和校名；4.請?jiān)诖痤}卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。Dearteachersandfellowstudents,I’mdelightedtosharewithyousomegreatnewsnow.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thanksforyourlistening.五、書面表達(dá)(★★★★)47.閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。Itwasmyjobtowatchmyyoungerbrother,Jack,andsister,Kelly,aswewalkedhomefromschool.“I’mtired,”Kellywhined“andhungry.”“Metoo,”addedJackSowestoppedtorest.“WhatdoyouthinkMamaiscooking?”Iasked.“Noodles!”Kellysaid.“Barbecue!”saidJack“Comeon.”Istoodup.“Weneedtokeepwalking.”Atabusycorner,Inoticedastreetbanner,reading“FirstWalkingRacetoJasanPark!ClimbtheMountaintoWinaWashingMachine.”Itmightbefuntorace.ButcouldIwalkfastenoughtowin?Athome,Mamawasworkinginthekitchen.Wehadonlyasingleburnerstove,soitoftentookagestoprepareameal.Sometimeswhenfathercamebackfromwork,Mamawasstillcookingwiththesingleburnerstove.Afterward,MamaandIwasheddishes.WhenMamapulledouttwometallaundrytubs,hersmiledisappeared.IknewdoinglaundryhurtMama’sbackandknees.Mamaheatedakettleofwateron