2023-2024學(xué)年上海市徐匯區(qū)高二上學(xué)期1月統(tǒng)測英語試卷

2023—2024學(xué)年上海市徐匯區(qū)高二上學(xué)期1月統(tǒng)測英語試卷

一、語法填空(★★★)Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.A.I.-GeneratedPictureWonArtPrizeJasonAllen’sA.I.-generatedwork,“TheatreD’operaSpatial,”tookfirstplaceinthedigitalcategoryattheColoradoStateFair,makingitoneofthefirstA.I.-generatedpiecestowinsuchaprize,andsettingoffafiercebacklash(反對)fromartistswhoaccusedhimof,essentially,cheating.1(reach)byphoneonWednesday,Mr.AllendefendedhisworkHesaidthathehadmadeclearthathiswork—which2(submit)underthename“JasonM.AllenviaMidjourney”—wascreatedusingA.I.,andthathehadn’tdeceived(欺騙)3aboutitsorigins.“I’mnotgoingtoapologize4it,”hesaid.“Iwon,andIdidn’tbreakanyrules.”Mr.Allen,39,beganexperimentingwithA.I.-generatedartthisyear.Herunsastudiowhichmakestabletopgames,andhewascurioushowthenewbreedofA.I.imagegeneratorswouldcomparewiththehumanartists.Thissummer,hegotinvited5(test)Midjourney,anewAI-poweredtoolthatcanturntextintocustomimages.Mr.Allenbecameobsessed,creatinghundredsofimagesandmarvelingathowrealistictheywere.6hetyped,Midjourneyseemedcapableofmakingit.Eventually,Mr.AllengottheideatosubmitoneofhisMidjourneycreationstotheColoradoStateFair.”“Thefairwascomingup,”hesaid,“andIthought:Howwonderfulwoulditbetodemonstratetopeoplehowgreatthisartis?”Severalweekslater,whilewalkingthefairgroundinPueblo,Mr.Allensawablueribbon7(hang)nexttohispiece.Hehadwonthedivision,alongwitha$300prize.“Icouldn’tbelieveit,”hesaid.“Ifeltlike:thisisexactly8Isetouttoaccomplish.”Afterhiswin,Mr.AllenpostedaphotoofhisprizeworktotheInternet,9itsparkedafuriousbacklash.Mr.Allen,theblue-ribbonwinner,saidheempathizedwithartistswhowerescaredthatA.I.toolswouldputthemoutofwork.Buthesaidtheiranger10bedirectednotatindividualswhouseDALL-E2orMidjourneytomakeartbutatcompaniesthatchoosetoreplacehumanartistswithA.I.tools.二、選詞填空(★★★)Direction:Completethefollowingsentencesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.edgeB.profileC.comprisedD.discriminationE.deservedF.approveG.perceiveH.worthwhileI.mercilessJ.componentsK.inquiry11.Lifeinthewildernessiscrueland________.Manyanimalsdieofstarvationduetodroughtorwinter.12.Wefirmlybelievethatthenextversionofthesoftwarewillhavethe________overitscompetitors.13.Thereductioninbullying—andtheconsequentimprovementinpupilhappiness—issurelya(n)________objective.14.Whicheverdefinitionisused,alanguagecontainsthesame________—theremustbeavocabularyofwordsandsymbols.15.Thecommitteeis________ofrepresentativesfromboththepublicandprivatesectors.16.Theproposals________supportastheneedsofchildrenwerethetopprioritytobegiven.17.Mostblindpeople,eveniftheydon’thaveanysight,arestillableto________light.18.Thecompanyhaspromisedathorough________intotheplanecrash.19.ThefirstarticleIwrotewasa(n)________ofthechemistryprofessor,whowasnamedTeacheroftheYear.20.Theymanagedtoreformthelaw,andbanracialandreligious________inhousing,schools,andtheworkplace.(★★)Direction:Completethefollowingsentencesbyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.

A.passionB.exceptionallyC.creditD.potentialE.availableF.normallyG.assignH.assumedI.identicalJ.integratedK.crucial21.Themostsignificantsocialgesturesyouneedtolearnarethosethatare________informbutdifferentinmeaninginthetwocultures.22.Althoughheisinhissixties,thebiologiststillmaintainsthe________hehadinhisyouth.23.Itisgenerally________thatvolunteeringisofgreatvaluetostudents,astheycanhaveachancetovaluewhattheyhavenow.24.Thenewsystemisfully________withourexistingsoftware,makingtheprocessmoreefficient.25.Thecooldownafterexerciseisagreatopportunityforyoutoreflectonyouraccomplishmentandgiveyourself________forthehardworkduringtheworkout.26.Thehotelhasalimitednumberofrooms________forreservationduringpeakseason.27.We________differenttopicstostudents,andtheneveryoneisresponsibleforacertaintopic.28.Theyoungemployeesarealreadyplayinga________roleinmultimediadesignanddevelopment.29.Thecolorintheartist’spaintingwas________boldandvibrant,drawingpublicattentiontothepiece.30.Thepointofthecompetitionistoencourageallpeopletounlocktheirhidden________.三、完形填空(★★★★)CablecompaniesexpandpublicWi-FiforcustomerloyaltyEagertokeeptheirusersconnectedoutsidethehome,cablecompaniesarerapidlyexpandingtheirpublicWi-Finetworks.Aneffortthatbeganlessthantwoyearsago,the“CableWiFi”initiativewasformedwiththe_________thatcableInternetsubscriberswillwanttoremainpluggedintotheirfavoritewebsitesandonlinevideos—without_________themonthlydatalimitsofwirelesscarriercontracts.Fivecablecompanieshaveinstalledabout250,000publichotspots—upfrom150,000whenitstartedin2012—at_________placeslikemalls,publicparks,cafesandsmallbusinesses.Comcast,thenation’slargestresidentialbroadbandInternetprovider,is_________itsownpublicXfinity-brandedWi-Fihotspotsbyinstallingasecondlineintheirsubscribers’homerouters(路由器)iftheycangetthehomeowners’permissionsothattheirsubscribersvisitingtheseWi-Fi-enabledneighborhoodscansurftheNetforfree.Theinitiativeisadirect_________tothegrowinginfluenceofvideo.WatchingYouTubeoronlinevideosrequiresheavy_________thatcanexhaustwirelessdataquickly.Andmorecablecompaniesareoffering“TVanywhere”optionsformemberstostreamshowsoutsidethehome.Whiletheeffortrequiresheavyinvestment,cablecompaniesarebankingontheirsubscriberstoincreasetheirrelianceonWi-Fioutdoorsandlowertherateofcustomer_________oftheInternetservice,saysKellyDavis-Felner,vicepresidentofmarketingfortheWi-FiAlliance,agroupthatcertifiesand_________publicWi-Fiusage.“Thereisanimmediateimpactin_________Wi-Fioutsidethehome,”shesays.“It’sanopportunitytoofferahigherlevelofservice.”Fornow,thecablecompanies’hotspotsareabitofa(n)__________serviceasmanyusersstillrelyontheirwirelessnetworksoutdoors.“ButthereisaloyalgroupofusersthatappreciatesmetroWi-Fi,”saysPatEsser,presidentofCox.31.A．exchangeB．a(chǎn)nticipationC．a(chǎn)pplicationD．demand32.A．lettingoutB．resultinginC．eatingupD．restingon33.A．high-endB．brand-newC．upper-classD．high-traffic34.A．expandingB．looseningC．deletingD．stimulating35.A．devotionB．responseC．oppositionD．priority36.A．efficiencyB．challengeC．trackD．capacity37.A．preferenceB．satisfactionC．destructionD．cancellation38.A．promotesB．complainsC．exposesD．a(chǎn)ttaches39.A．displayingB．packingC．a(chǎn)bsorbingD．extending40.A．consistentB．unknownC．worthwhileD．imaginary四、閱讀理解(★★★)TheAcademyAwardsOscarpresentationforexcellenceinthefilmindustryhasalongandrichhistory.In1927,theAcademyofMotionPictureArtsandSciences(AMPAS)wasformedby36ofthefilmindustry’smostprominentindividuals,choosingfilmactorDouglasFairbanks,Sr.asitsfirstpresident.In1929,AMPASpresentedthefirstAcademyAward.ThefirstAcademyAwards,whichtookplaceataprivatedinnerforabout270people,werepresentedin1929attheHollywoodRooseveltHotel,LosAngeles,U.S.stateofCalifornia.Agoldtrophy,a34-centimeter-tallstatuette(小雕像),isawardedtothewinners.Mostpeoplethinkthatthestatuette,whichweighsnearlyfourkilograms,mustbemadeofsolidgold.Ifonlythisweretrue.Itisgold-plated,butthegreatmajorityofanOscarstatuetteisonlybronze.Whileitmaybepricelesstothewinners,theAcademyofficiallysetsitsvalueatamereUS$1.ThestatuettesaretechnicallypropertyoftheAcademyofMotionPictureArtsandSciences.Asaresult,beforeanOscarwinnercansellhistrophy,hemustfirstoffertosellittotheAcademyforonedollar.Thisruleistodiscouragewinnersfromsellingtheawardsforfinancialgain.Oscarisnotaparticularlycommonman’sname,sowheredoesthemonikercomefrom?Legendhasitthatinthe1930s,theAcademy’sfirstlibrarianandlateritsexecutivedirector,MargaretHerrick,washeardtosaythatthestatuetteresembledherUncleOscar.Thenamestuck,andin1939theAcademyofficiallyadoptedOscartorepresentthecommonnameoftheaward.Itsofficialname,however,isthe“AcademyAwardofMerit.”Whateveronewishestocallit,theOscarisoneoftheworld’smostrecognizabletrademarks.Cinemahascomealongwaysincethefirstprototypesofmoviecamerasweredevelopedneartheendofthe19thcentury.Movieshavesincebecomeoneofthemostpopularformsofentertainmentworldwide.TheOscarshavecometorepresentexcellenceincinema.41.Thepassageismainlyabout________.

A．thehistoryofthefilmindustry.B．factsabouttheAcademyAwardofMerit.C．howtoestimatethevalueofanOscarstatuette.D．thefounderoftheAcademyAwardsceremony.42.Whatdoestheword“moniker”inthefourthparagraphreferto?

A．ThecompositionofanOscarstatuette.B．ThebiographyofamannamedOscar.C．ThepopularityoftheAcademyAwardsceremony.D．TheinformalnamefortheAcademyAwardofMerit.43.WhichofthefollowingisNOTdiscussedinthepassage?

A．Wheretheceremonyisheld.B．TheoriginofthenameOscar.C．ThemonetaryvalueofanOscar.D．HowmanyOscarsareawardedannually.44.Accordingtothepassage,wecanlearnthat________.

A．Oscarisactuallyarealperson’sname.B．TheentireOscarstatuetteismadeofbronze.C．Thewinnersareprohibitedfromsellingthestatuette.D．Movieshavebecomelesspopularasaformofentertainment.(★★★)Thenumberofdevicesyoucantalktoismultiplying—firstitwasyourphone,thenyourcar,andnowyoucanbossaroundyourappliances.Childrenarelikelytogrowupthinkingeverythingisalive,oratleastinteractive.Butevenwithoutchattygadgets,researchsuggeststhatundercertaincircumstances,peoplepersonifyeverydayproducts.Sometimesweseethingsashumanbecausewe’relonely.Inoneexperiment,peoplewhoreportedfeelingisolatedweremorelikelythanotherstoattributefreewillandconsciousnesstovariousgadgets.Inturn,feelingrelatedtoobjectscanreduceloneliness.Whencollegestudentswereremindedofatimethey’dbeenexcludedsocially,theymadeitupbyexaggerating(夸大)theirnumberofFacebookfriends-unlesstheywerefirstgiventasksthatcausedthemtointeractwiththeirphoneasifithadhumanqualities.Thephoneapparentlystoodinforrealfriends.Atothertimes,wepersonifyproductsinanefforttounderstandthem.Onestudyfoundthatthreeinfourrespondentscursed(罵)attheircomputer-andthemoretheircomputergavethemproblems,themorelikelytheyweretoreportthatithad“itsownbeliefsanddesires.”Whenwepersonifyproducts,theybecomehardertocastoff.Afterbeingaskedtoevaluatetheircar’spersonality,peoplewerelesslikelytosaytheyintendedtoreplaceitsoon.Sohowdopeopleassigntraitstoanobject?Inpart,werelyonlooks.Onhumans,widefacesareassociatedwithdominance.Similarly,peopleratedcars,clocks,andwatcheswithwidefacesasmoredominant-lookingthannarrow-facedones,andpreferredthem.AnanalysisofcarsalesinGermanyfoundthatcarswithgrilles(散熱器面罩)thatwereupturnedlikesmilesandheadlightsthatwerelikenarrowedeyessoldbest.Personifyingproductsandbrandscanbackfire,however.Whenacoffeemakerwaspersonifiedinanad(“IamAroma”versusjust“Aroma”),men—butnotwomen—feltbetrayedbyincreasesinitsprice.Nowthatspeech-enabledcoffeemakersareonthemarket,maybethemachinescansweet-talktheirwaybackintomen’shearts.45.Peoplearemostlikelytopersonifythingswhenthey________.

A．spendtoomuchtimechattingonlineB．lackreallifefriendsandfeelisolatedC．enjoybossingaroundinreallifeD．becomeextremelyangrywithadevice46.Whichofthefollowingcanprobablyreplacethephrasecastoff?

A．Befondof.B．Takeholdof.C．Getridof.D．Makeuseof.47.Whichofthefollowingcanbelearnedfromthepassage?

A．Carswithwidefacessellbetterbecausetheyareconsideredfriendlier.B．Speech-enabledcoffeemakersattractmoremalecustomers.C．Nice-lookingproductsaremorelikelytobepersonified.D．Peoplepersonifyeverydayproductsfordifferentreasons.(★★★★)Recently,campaignershaveencouragedustobuylocalfood.Thisreduces“foodmiles”thatis,thedistancefoodtravelstogetfromtheproducertotheretailer.Theyreasonthatthehigherthefoodmiles,themorecarbonemissions.Buyinglocalfood,therefore,hasalowercarbonfootprintandismoreenvironmentallyfriendly.However,therealstoryisnotassimpleasthat.Ifouraimistoreducecarbonemissions(排放),wemustlookatthewholefarmingprocess,notjusttransportation.Accordingtoarecentstudy,only11%ofcarbonemissionsinthefoodproductionprocessresultfromtransportation,andonly4%originatedfromthefinaldeliveryoftheproductfromtheproducertotheretailer.Otherprocessescontributemuchmore.Infact,importedfoodoftenhasalowercarbonfootprintthanlocallygrownfood.Takeapples,forexample.Inautumn,whenapplesareharvested,thebestoptionforaBritishresidentistobuyBritishapples.However,theappleswebuyinwinterorspringhavebeenkeptrefrigeratedformonths,andthisusesupalotofenergy.Inspring,therefore,itismoreenergy-efficienttoimportthemfromNewZealand,wheretheyareinseason.Heatingalsousesalotofenergy,whichiswhygrowingtomatoesinheatedgreenhousesintheUKislessenvironmentallyfriendlythanimportingthemfromSpain,wherethecropgrowswellinthelocalclimate.Wemustalsotakeintoaccountthetypeoftransport.Transportingfoodbyaircreatesabout50timesmoreemissionsthanshippingit.However,onlyasmallproportionofgoodsareflowntotheconsumercountry,andtheseareusuallyhighvalueitemswhichwecannotproducelocally,suchasseafoodandout-of-seasonberries.Eventhen,thesefoodsmaynothaveahighercarbonfootprintthanlocallygrownfood.Forexample,beansflowninfromKenyaaregrowninsunnyfieldsusingmanuallaborandnaturalfertilizers,unlikeinBritain,whereweuseoil-basedfertilizersandmachinery.Therefore,thetotalcarbonfootprintisstilllower.It’salsoworthrememberingthataproduct’sjourneydoesnotendatthesupermarket.Thedistanceconsumerstraveltobuytheirfood,andthekindoftransporttheyusewillalsoaddtoitscarbonfootprint.Sodrivingalongwaytoshopforfoodwillnegateanyenvironmentalbenefitsofbuyinglocallygrownproduce.Recently,somesupermarketshavebeentryingtoraiseawarenessoffoodmilesbylabellingfoodswithstickersthatshowithasbeenimportedbyair.Butultimately,themessagethisgivesistoosimple.Lotsofdifferentfactorscontributetoafood’scarbonfootprintbesidesthedistanceithastravelled.Andevenifweonlybuylocalfoodwhichiscurrentlyinseason,thereareethical(道德的)implications.What’smore,ourdietswouldbemorelimited.48.Theauthorusesnumbersinthesecondparagraphtosuggestthat________.

A．mosthighvalueitemscannotbeproducedlocallyB．buyinglocalfoodhasalowercarbonfootprintC．importedfoodcontributesmoretoenvironmentaldamageD．transportationonlyplaysasmallpartincarbonemissions49.Whichofthefollowingisthewritermostlikelytosupport?

A．ImportingapplestoBritainfromNewZealandinspring.B．Labellingfoodwithstickersthatshowitisimported.C．Transportingimportedfoodtoconsumercountriesbyair.D．Makingalongjourneytobuylocallyproducedfood.50.Theunderlinedwordnegateisclosestinmeaningto________.

A．extendB．increaseC．denyD．calculate51.Thepassageismainlyabout________.

A．theimportanceandbenefitsofbuyinglocallyproducedfoodB．thereasonswhybuyinglocalfooddoesnotreducecarbonemissionsC．thereasonswhymanycountrieshavetoimportfoodfromoverseasD．theenvironmentalproblemscausedbyfoodtransportation(★★★)Directions:Readthefollowingpassage.FillineachblankwithNOMORETHAN10words.IsEnergyindependencewhatweneed?Energyindependence.Ithasaniceringtoit,doesn’tit?Ifyouthinkso,you’renotalone,becauseenergyindependencehasbeenthedreamofAmericanpresidentsfordecades.Whatisitweantindependencefrom,exactly?Mostpeoplewouldprobablysaythattheywanttobeindependentfromimportedoil.Buttherearereasonsthatwebuyallthatoilfromelsewhere.Thefirstreasonisthatweneedittokeepoureconomyrunning.Yes,thereisacertainamountofbio-fuelavailable,whichisarenewableenergyoption,andmoremaybecomeavailable,buttheproductionofitcancauseairpollutionandozonelayerdepletion(損耗).Theprocessofproducingitisalsocomplicatedandcostly,whichmeansitmaycauseeconomicwaste.Second,Americanshavebasicallydecidedthattheydon’treallywanttoproducealltheirownoil.Theyvaluetheenvironmentalqualitytheypreserveovertheiroilimportsfromabroad.VastareasoftheUnitedStatesareoff-limitstooilexplorationandproductioninthenameofenvironmentalprotection.TowhatextentareAmericansreallywillingtoenduretheenvironmentalimpactsofdomesticenergyproductioninordertocutbackimports?Third,therearebenefitstotrade.Itallowsforeconomicefficiency,andwhenwebuythingsfromplacesthathavelowerproductioncoststhanwedo,webenefit.Andalthoughyoudon’treadaboutthismuch,theUnitedStatesisalsoalargeexporterofoilproducts,sellingabout2millionbarrels(桶)ofpetroleumproductsperdaytoabout90countries.Whenthatflowisinterrupted,wefeelthepaininshortsuppliesandhigherprices.Atthesametime,wegainmassiveeconomicbenefitswhenwebuythemostaffordableenergyontheworldmarketandwhenweengageinenergytradearoundtheworld.(1)52(2)53(3)54(4)55五、翻譯(★★★)56.接受陌生人的微信好友申請時要三思而行。(request)（漢譯英）______________________________________________________________