2022年浙江省湖州市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷

2021-2022學(xué)年浙江省湖州市高二下學(xué)期期末考試英語試卷本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）。第I卷1至8頁，第II卷9至10頁。滿分150分?？荚嚂r間120分鐘。第I卷注意事項：1.答第I卷時，考生務(wù)必用2B鉛筆按“正確涂寫”要求涂寫答題卡。2.每小題選出答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應(yīng)題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號。不能答在試卷上。3.考試結(jié)束，考生將答題卡交回。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AWhatIsYourNextDestination?Withthesummervacationdrawingnearyoumayhavealreadymadeawell-structuredtravelplan.Butifyou’restillwonderingwheretoenjoyyourholiday,herearesomepopulardestinationsforyourreference.Clickeachtitletogetmoredetails.TasteTeainChinaTheAncientTeaPlantationsofJingmaiMountaininPu’erfeaturesabout1.13millionteatrees.LocatedinChina’sYunnanProvince,theregionwasastartingpointofthelegendaryAncientTeaHorseRoad.Manyoftheregion’steaplantationsremain,asdothelocalethnicminoritygroupswhopreservetheirownlanguages,customs,andfestivals.DiveDeepinPalauWhenyouarrivehere,thestampinyourpassportwillincludethePalauPledge(誓約),whichallvisitorsmustsign,promisingthat“theonlyfootprintsIshallleavearethosethatwillwashaway.”Theeco-pledgewasdraftedbyandforthechildrenoftheseremotewesternPacificislandstohelppreservePalau’scultureandenvironmentfromthenegativeimpactsoftourism.RunWildinAustraliaGreenplantsarereappearinginAustralia,ofwhichsome72,000squaremileswereburnedduringthe2019-2020bushfires,leadingtothedeathsofmorethanabillionanimals.DrivetheGreatOceanRoadinVictoria’sOtwaysregion,andthentakeahikeatWildlifeWonders.Wanderingthroughbushesgivesyouachancetospotkoalasuniquetothisecosystem.GoGreeninGermanyMiningandsteelproductiononcedominatedtheRuhrValleyinGerman.Today,theregionisrepurposingpreviousindustrialsitesasparksandopenairculturalspaces.ThemostfamousistheUNESCOWorldHeritageSiteofZecheZollverein,nowhometoanoutdoorswimmingpoolandwalkingpaths.YoucanrentabikeinEssenforacar-freeRuhrValleytripalongcyclingroutes.1.Whatcan’tvisitorsdointheAncientTeaPlantationsofJingmaiMountain?A.Experiencethecustomsofthelocalethnicminoritygroups.B.RidehorsesontheAncientTeaHorseRoad.C.Seeasplendidviewofavastareaofteatrees.D.HaveatasteofPu’ertea.2.WhyarevisitorstoPalaurequiredtomakeapromise?A.Toexperiencetheuniquelocalculture.B.TobetterexplorethePacificOcean.C.Tohelpthechildrensufferingpovertythere.D.Topreventpotentialdamagebroughtbytourism.3.Whichtripbestsuitspeoplewhoenjoybiketripsalongcyclingroutes?ATasteTeainChina. B.DiveDeepinPalau.CRunWildinAustralia. D.GoGreeninGermany.4.Whereisthepassagemostprobablytakenfrom?A.Abrochure. B.Anewspaper. C.Awebsite. D.Amagazine.【答案】1.B2.D3.D4.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了一些暑期度假的熱門地點。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“TasteTeainChina”部分“TheAncientTeaPlantationsofJingmaiMountaininPu’erfeaturesabout1.13millionteatrees.LocatedinChina’sYunnanProvince,theregionwasastartingpointofthelegendaryAncientTeaHorseRoad.Manyoftheregion’steaplantationsremain,asdothelocalethnicminoritygroupswhopreservetheirownlanguages,customs,andfestivals.(普洱京邁山古茶園約113萬株茶樹。該地區(qū)位于中國云南省，是傳說中的茶馬古道的起點。該地區(qū)的許多茶園仍然存在，當?shù)氐纳贁?shù)民族也保留著自己的語言、習(xí)俗和節(jié)日。)”可知，在景邁山古茶園，游客體驗當?shù)厣贁?shù)民族的風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、看到一大片茶樹的壯麗景色和品嘗普洱茶，B項“在古老的茶馬古道上騎馬?！睕]有提到。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“DiveDeepinPalau”中的“Theeco-pledgewasdraftedbyandforthechildrenoftheseremotewesternPacificislandstohelppreservePalau’scultureandenvironmentfromthenegativeimpactsoftourism.(生態(tài)承諾是由這些遙遠的西太平洋島嶼的兒童起草并為他們服務(wù)的，目的是幫助保護帕勞的文化和環(huán)境免受旅游業(yè)的不利影響。)”可知，讓游客簽署承諾的目的是為了防止旅游業(yè)給當?shù)貛淼钠茐?。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“YoucanrentabikeinEssenforacar-freeRuhrValleytripalongcyclingroutes.(你可以在Essen租一輛自行車，沿著自行車路線進行一次無車的RuhrValley之旅。)”可知，這個地方最適合喜歡騎自行車的人。故選D?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Clickeachtitletogetmoredetails.(點擊每個標題以獲取更多細節(jié)。)”中“Clickeachtitle”可推斷，這篇文章來自網(wǎng)站上。故選C。BChildrenstartoutasnaturalscientists.Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy;there’snoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.Firstly,listentotheirquestions.Ioncevisitedaclassroomofseven-year-oldstotalkaboutscienceasajob.Thechildrenaskedme“textbookquestions”aboutschooling,salaryandwhetherIlikedmyjob.WhenIfinishedanswering,wesatinsilence.FinallyIsaid,“Nowthatwe’vefinishedwithyourlists,doyouhavequestionsofyourownaboutscience?”Aboyraisedhishand,“Haveyoueverseenagrasshopper(蚱蜢)eat?WhenItryeatingleaveslikethat,Igetastomachache.Why?”Thisbeganasetofquestionsthatlastednearlytwohours.Secondly,givethemtimetothink.Studieshaveshownthat,afteraskingaquestion,adultstypicallywaitonlyonesecondorlessforananswer,notimeforachildtothink.Whenadultsincreasetheir“waittime”tothreesecondsormore,childrengivemorelogical,completeandcreativeanswers.Thirdly,watchyourlanguage.Onceyouhaveachildinasciencediscussion,don’tjumpinwith“That’sright”or“Verygood”.Thesewordsworkwellwhenitcomestoencouraginggoodbehavior.Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying,“That’sinteresting”or“I’dneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore,”orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.Neverpushachildtothink.Itdoesn’tmakesense;childrenarealwaysthinking.What’smore,thiscanturnaconversationintoaperformance.Lastly,show;don’ttell.Real-lifeimpressionsofnaturearefarmoreimpressivethananylessonchildrencanlearnfromabookoratelevisionprogram.Letchildrenlookattheirfingertipsthroughamagnifyingglass(放大鏡),andthey’llunderstandwhyyouwantthemtowashbeforedinner.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“l(fā)ists”inparagraph1referto?A.Plans. B.Ideas.C.Textbookquestions. D.Personaldifficulties.6.Howcanadultsmakechildrenanswerquestionsinabetterway?A.Byaskingthemtoanswerquickly. B.Bygivingthemmorepatience.C.Bygivingthemacluetothequestion. D.Byteachingthemtothinklogically.7.Whatshouldadultsdotoencouragechildreninasciencediscussion?A.Performgoodbehavior. B.Givequickpraise.C.Makethediscussionshorter. D.Askmorequestions.8.What’sthemainideaofthetext?A.Howtohelpchildrenenjoyscience.B.Howtogetalongwithchildren.C.Howtoenterintoasciencediscussion.D.Howtomakealessonmoreimpressiveforchildren.【答案】5.C6.B7.D8.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要講述如何激發(fā)孩子對科學(xué)的興趣，從而引導(dǎo)孩子學(xué)習(xí)科學(xué)。【5題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Thechildrenaskedme“textbookquestions”aboutschooling,salaryandwhetherIlikedmyjob.WhenIfinishedanswering,wesatinsilence.FinallyIsaid,“Nowthatwe’vefinishedwithyourlists,doyouhavequestionsofyourownaboutscience?””(孩子們問我關(guān)于學(xué)校教育、薪水和我是否喜歡我的工作的“課本問題”。當我回答完后，我們靜靜地坐著。最后我說，“現(xiàn)在我們已經(jīng)完成了你們的lists“清單”，你們對科學(xué)有什么問題嗎？”)可知，這里的“清單”是指上文提到的孩子們問老師的那一系列問題，所以是指textbookquestions。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Whenadultsincreasetheir“waittime”tothreesecondsormore,childrengivemorelogical,completeandcreativeanswers.”(當成年人把他們的“等待時間”增加到三秒或更多時，孩子們會給出更有邏輯性、完整性和創(chuàng)造性的答案。)可知，要想讓孩子們給出更好的答案，家長們應(yīng)該要更有耐心，給孩子們更多的時間去思考。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的“Butintalkingaboutscience,quickpraisecansignalthatdiscussionisover.Instead,keepthingsgoingbysaying,“That’sinteresting”or“I’dneverthoughtofitthatwaybefore,”orcomingupwithmorequestionsorideas.”(但是在談?wù)摽茖W(xué)的時候，快速的贊揚可以表明討論結(jié)束了。相反，繼續(xù)說，“這很有趣”或“我以前從來沒有這樣想過”，或提出更多的問題或想法。)可知，要想鼓勵孩子們參與科學(xué)討論，大人們應(yīng)該提出更多的問題或想法。故選D?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Helpingthemenjoysciencecanbeeasy;there’snoneedforalotofscientifictermsorexpensivelabequipment.Firstly,listentotheirquestions.”(幫助他們享受科學(xué)可以很容易，不需要很多科學(xué)術(shù)語或昂貴的實驗室設(shè)備。首先，傾聽他們的問題。)，第三段中的“Secondly,givethemtimetothink.”(第二，給他們時間去思考。)，第四段中的“Thirdly,watchyourlanguage.”(第三，注意你的語言。)，第五段中的“Neverpushachildtothink.”(不要強迫孩子去思考。)和最后一段中的“Lastly,show;don’ttell.”(最后，展示給他；不要說。)可知，這篇文章主要從五個方面講述讓孩子對科學(xué)感興趣并享受科學(xué)的方法。故選A。CWhenIwasabout4yearsold,Iwasdiagnosedwithalearningdisabilityknownasautism(自閉癥).Itmademymomreallyupsetandforme,itwasveryroughgrowingupwithit,consideringthefactthatIwasn’tabletohaveanactualconversationuntilIwasabout7yearsold.SchoolwasverydifficultformewhenIwasyounger.Teacherswouldalwaysdiscusswithmyparentsaboutwaystoimprovemylearning.IhaveanIndividualEducationPlan(IEP),whichallowsspecialaccommodationsforschool.ButIstillfacesomediscriminationfromschoolstaff.IaskedmymomabouthowthatplayedoutwhenIwasyounger.“Itwasrightwhenyouweregoingintokindergarten,”shesaid.“Istoppedtotalktoyourbrother’sformerkindergartenteacherandIaskedherifshewasreadytohaveyouinherclassthenextyear.Andherresponsewas,‘Idon’tthinkZacharyisgoingtobeagoodfitformyclassroom.’”Shesaidshewasreallyshockedbytheteacher’sresponse,butfinallymanagedtofindanotherkindergartenteacherwhowaswillingtotakemeon.Mymotherisahugeadvocateforme.ShemadesureIgoteverytreatment,campprogramandaccommodations.Sheevencreatedaparentsupportgroupatmyelementaryschool.Shewantedtohelptheparentsthatwerestrugglingandtheonesthatdidn’tknowhowtoadvocatefortheirchildren.BythetimeIgotintomiddleschool,Ididn’tstruggleatschoolanymore.ItoldafewpeoplethatIwasautisticbuttheydidn’tbelievemesinceIlookedquitenormal.Andthat’sallthankstomymother,whosesupportandlovingcarereallyhelpedmethroughthosetoughyears.9.Theauthorfoundhisgrowingupdifficultbecauseof________.A.alearningdisabilitycalledAutism B.hismother’ssadnessC.hisinabilitytospeak D.thedifficultschoolwork10.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Hewasdiagnosedwithautismwhenhewasabout7yearsold.B.Everybodytreatedhimnicelyandhedidn’treceiveanydiscriminationatschool.C.Hisbrother’sformerkindergartenteacherrefusedtohavehiminherclass.D.Hismothercreatedaparentsupportgrouptohelphimovercomethedisease.11.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthisarticle?A.Toarousepeople’sawarenessofautism. B.Toshowhissufferingscausedbyautism.C.Tocheerupthosediagnosedwithautism. D.Toexpresshisgratitudetohismother.【答案】9.A10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。講述了作者從小被診斷出患有一種稱為自閉癥的學(xué)習(xí)障礙。他母親是他的大力擁護者。她的支持和關(guān)愛真的幫助作者度過了那些艱難的歲月。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一自然段“itwasveryroughgrowingupwithit,consideringthefactthatIwasn’tabletohaveanactualconversationuntilIwasabout7yearsold.(對我來說，在這樣的環(huán)境中長大是非常艱難的，因為我直到7歲左右才能夠進行真正的對話。)”可知，因為作者患上一種叫做自閉癥的學(xué)習(xí)障礙，所以作者發(fā)現(xiàn)自己的成長很困難。故選A?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三自然段“Istoppedtotalktoyourbrother’sformerkindergartenteacherandIaskedherifshewasreadytohaveyouinherclassthenextyear.Andherresponsewas,‘Idon’tthinkZacharyisgoingtobeagoodfitformyclassroom.’”(“我停下來和你哥哥以前的幼兒園老師聊了聊，問她明年是否準備好讓你上她的課。她的回答是，‘我認為扎卡里不會很適合我的課堂?！?”可知，他哥哥以前的幼兒園老師拒絕讓他來上課。故選C。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是最后一段“Andthat’sallthankstomymother,whosesupportandlovingcarereallyhelpedmethroughthosetoughyears.(這一切都要感謝我的母親，她的支持和關(guān)愛真的幫助我度過了那些艱難的歲月。)”可知，作者想要通過這篇文章感謝他的母親。故選D。DHumanshavebeenlivingandworkingonthespacestationforover20years.Theirmealsarepackaged,thoughsometimesastronautsreceivefreshtreatsfromresupplymissions.Thelongerthatpackagedfoodisstored,themoreitlosesnutrientslikevitaminCandvitaminK.Astronautshavesuccessfullygrown10differentcropsonthespacestationsince2015andhadthechancetosample(品嘗)eachone.TheInternationalSpaceStationhostedapartyforastronautsonFridayastheycelebratedtheharvestofthefirstchilipeppers(辣椒)growninspace.ThecrewfinallyhadachancetotastethepeppersafterinitiallykickingofftheplantexperimentonthespacestationinJuly.PlantHabitat-04isoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsontheorbitinglaboratorytodatebecausepepperstakemuchlongertogrowthanthepreviousexperimentplants.Aftergrowingforfourmonths,thepepperswereharvestedonFriday.PeppersprovideagreatsourceofvitaminC,aswellasotherkeynutrients.Pepperplantsself-pollinate(自花授粉),sotheyareeasytogrow,andtheyareapick-and-eatcropthatdoesn’thavetobecooked.Theyarealsosafetoeatraw.Asideeffectoflifeinzerogravityisthatastronautsoftenlosesomeoftheirtasteandsmell,sospicyorwell-seasonedfoodsareafavorite.Addingfreshgreensorpepperstothemenuallowsastronautstolivenuptheirregularmeals.Butgrowingandtendingtotheplantscanalsoproduceotherbenefits.Astronautshavedescribedthejoyfromseeing—aswellassmellingandcaringfor—leafygreenplantsonthespacestationthatremindthemofEarth.“Growingcolorfulvegetablesinspacecanhavelong-termbenefitsforphysicalandpsychologicalhealth,”saidMattRomeyn,principalinvestigatorfortheexperiment.“Wearediscoveringthatgrowingplantsandvegetableswithcolorsandsmellshelpstoimproveastronauts’well-being.”12.Howisthefoodastronautseatonthespacestation?A.Alwaysfresh. B.Lackofnutrients.C.Nevertasty. D.Fullofvitamins.13.WhatmakesPlantHabitat-04oneofthemostcomplexplantexperiments?A.Thetechnology. B.Growingprocess.C.Thevarietiesofplants. D.Growingtimerequired.14.Whichisthemostprobablereasonforaddingpepperstofoodforastronauts?A.Peppersaredelicious. B.Pepperscanimprovememory.C.Peppershelppreventdiseases. D.Pepperscanrestoreappetite.15.Whichofthefollowingcouldbethebesttitleforthetext?A.TheFunofGrowingChiliPeppersinSpaceB.TheAgriculturalGoalintheSpaceMissionC.TheFirstChiliPeppersGrowninSpaceD.TheChiliPeppersUsedintheSpaceMission【答案】12.B13.D14.D15.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了宇航員們在國際空間站首次種植辣椒的實驗的相關(guān)情況?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Thelongerthatpackagedfoodisstored,themoreitlosesnutrientslikevitaminCandvitaminK.(包裝食品儲存的時間越長，失去的維生素C和維生素K等營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)就越多)”可知，包裝食品放得時間越長，它就損失越多營養(yǎng)。因此可推知，太空站宇航員吃的食物缺少營養(yǎng)。故選B項。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“PlantHabitat-04isoneofthemostcomplexplantexperimentsontheorbitinglaboratorytodatebecausepepperstakemuchlongertogrowthanthepreviousexperimentplants.(PlantHabitat-04是迄今為止軌道實驗室中最復(fù)雜的植物實驗之一，因為辣椒的生長時間比之前的實驗植物長得多)”可知，PlantHabitat-04是最為復(fù)雜的植物實驗之一，是因為辣椒的生長周期比其他之前做過實驗的植物長。故選D項?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段第一、二句“Asideeffectoflifeinzerogravityisthatastronautsoftenlosesomeoftheirtasteandsmell,sospicyorwell-seasonedfoodsareafavorite.Addingfreshgreensorpepperstothemenuallowsastronautstolivenuptheirregularmeals.(在零重力環(huán)境下生活的一個副作用是宇航員經(jīng)常會失去一些味覺和嗅覺，所以刺激性或調(diào)料豐富的食物是他們的最愛。在菜單中加入新鮮的蔬菜或辣椒可以讓宇航員的日常飲食更有活力)”可知，零重力環(huán)境的一個副作用是宇航員們經(jīng)常失去一部分味覺和嗅覺，把辣椒添加到食物中可以讓宇航員恢復(fù)食欲。故選D項?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段中“TheInternationalSpaceStationhostedapartyforastronautsonFridayastheycelebratedtheharvestofthefirstchilipeppers(辣椒)growninspace.(周五，國際空間站為宇航員舉辦了一場派對，慶祝第一批太空辣椒的收獲)”可知，文章主要介紹了宇航員們在國際空間站首次進行種植辣椒實驗的相關(guān)情況。C項“第一次在太空種植辣椒”符合文章主旨，適合作本文的標題。故選C項。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。EasyTipstoReduceYourScreenTimeWhilemoderntechnologyhelpsusincreaseourefficiencyinmanydifferentareas,italsodoesalotofdamage.However,withsomecarefulplanning,youcanlimitthetimeyouspendinfrontofascreen.AvoidscreentimewhileyoueatManypeopleusemealbreakstocatchuponsocialmediapagesandonlinenews.Whilethatmightseemlikeagoodidea,itmakesitimpossibleforyoutogiveyoureyessomerest.____16____Justfocusonthefoodyou’reeatingandenjoyit.LimitscreentimeoutsideofworkIfyouworkinfrontofthecomputerscreenfor8hourseveryday,youshouldlimityourscreentimeoutsideofwork.____17____InsteadofwatchingtheTVandplayingvideogames,youcouldreadabookyoulike.AvoidwatchingTVinbedWatchingTVbeforegoingtosleepisthefavoriteentertainmentformanyofus,butit’salsoveryunhealthy.____18____Anotherproblemisthatinsteadofrelaxingyoureyes,itwillonlyputpressureonthemevenmore.____19____Stayingintouchwiththepeopleyoulovethroughsocialmedianetworksisagoodthingbutspendinghoursinfrontofyourcomputerscreenormobiledevicewon’tdoyouanygood.Insteadofdoingthat,youshouldfreeupsometimeforaface-to-facemeetingratherthanFaceTime.FindsomethingelsetodoDefinitely,lifeismuchmorethanjustpassivelylookingatascreen.____20____Ifnotthat,justgooutsideforawalkaroundtheblock,doanythingelsethanlookingatscreensallday,everyday.A.Goouttorelaxyoureyes.B.Socializemoreinreallife.C.Screentimebeforebedwillmakeitharderforyoutofallasleep.D.That’swhyyoushouldalwaysavoidlookingatascreenwhileyoueat.E.Sogooutside,dosomethingmeaningfulwithfriends,orjustfindahobbytostayactive.F.Thatistosay,youshouldleaveyourworkatworkandusethetimeyouhaveathometorelax.G.Therearemanymoreimportantthingstodoatworkratherthankeepyourselfstaringatthescreenallthetime.【答案】16.D17.F18.C19.B20.E【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了如何限制花在屏幕前的時間?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)本段小標題“Avoidscreentimewhileyoueat(吃飯時避免看屏幕)”可知，本段主要講述的是吃飯的時候避免看屏幕?？涨啊癢hilethatmightseemlikeagoodidea,itmakesitimpossibleforyoutogiveyoureyessomerest.(雖然這看起來是一個好主意，但它讓你的眼睛不可能得到一些休息。)”講述的是吃飯的時候看屏幕所帶來的壞處。選項D“That’swhyyoushouldalwaysavoidlookingatascreenwhileyoueat.(這就是為什么你應(yīng)該避免在吃飯的時候看屏幕。)”與上文一致，講述了由于吃飯的時候看屏幕帶來壞處，且符合本段主旨。故選D?！?7題詳解】根據(jù)空前“Ifyouworkinfrontofthecomputerscreenfor8hourseveryday,youshouldlimityourscreentimeoutsideofwork.(如果你每天對著電腦屏幕工作8小時，你就應(yīng)該限制工作之外的時間。)”可知，作者建議控制工作之外的使用屏幕時間。選項F“Thatistosay,youshouldleaveyourworkatworkandusethetimeyouhaveathometorelax.(也就是說，你應(yīng)該工作時好好工作，在家的時間放松一下。)”符合語境，對上文內(nèi)容進行進一步說明。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Anotherproblemisthatinsteadofrelaxingyoureyes,itwillonlyputpressureonthemevenmore.(另一個問題是，它不但不能讓你的眼睛放松，反而會給它們更大的壓力。)”中的“anotherproblem”可知，空處講的是在床上看電視帶來的問題之一。選項C“Screentimebeforebedwillmakeitharderforyoutofallasleep.(睡前看屏幕會讓你更難入睡。)”正是睡前看電視帶來的一大問題。故選C。【19題詳解】空處為小標題，為本段的中心句。根據(jù)下文“Stayingintouchwiththepeopleyoulovethroughsocialmedianetworksisagoodthingbutspendinghoursinfrontofyourcomputerscreenormobiledevicewon’tdoyouanygood.Insteadofdoingthat,youshouldfreeupsometimeforaface-to-facemeetingratherthanFaceTime.(通過社交媒體網(wǎng)絡(luò)與你愛的人保持聯(lián)系是一件好事，但在電腦屏幕或移動設(shè)備前花費數(shù)小時對你沒有任何好處。與其這樣做，你應(yīng)該騰出一些時間進行面對面的見面，而不是在社交媒體上見面。)”可知，本段主要是鼓勵人們在現(xiàn)實生活中交流。選項B“Socializemoreinreallife.(在現(xiàn)實生活中更多地社交。)”符合段意。故選B。20題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Ifnotthat,justgooutsideforawalkaroundtheblock,doanythingelsethanlookingatscreensallday,everyday.(如果不能這樣，那就到外面繞著街區(qū)走一走，每天做些別的事情，而不是整天盯著屏幕。)”可知，本段是鼓勵讀者多做做其他事，而不是盯著屏幕。選項E“Sogooutside,dosomethingmeaningfulwithfriends,orjustfindahobbytostayactive.(所以，走出去，和朋友們做一些有意義的事情，或者只是找一個愛好來保持活躍。)”正是建議讀者做點其他事。故選E。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該選項涂黑?！癢hydidshespillmybeans?Whydidshedothattome?”Iregretteditmyself,andvividlyrememberedthatdaywhenIwas____21____abouttheknowinglookswhicheveryonegaveme.5yearsago,Sallywasanew____22____inourclass.Ididn’tknowwhatbuttherewassomethingspecialaboutherwhich____23____metowardsher.Westartedasclassmates____24____afterafewmonthswewerelikebestfriends.Itoldheraboutmyfamily’s____25____situation.Sheexaggeratedthematter,addedherownspicestoitandmadeitthemostheatedtopicinschool.Itwaslikesomeonehadstabbedaknifeinmy____26____.Aftershe____27____mysecret,everyoneatschoolstartedlaughingatme,staringatmeandgigglingeverywhereIwent.Ileftschooland____28____toanotheronebecauseIthoughtnoonehadtherighttolaughatme.SallycalledmemanytimesbutIdidn’t____29____.MyheartisbrokenbecausethepersonItrustedthemostgavemeaway.Itriedhardto_____30_____thosescarsfrommyheartandstartedanewlife.OnedayImetAnnainthemarket,shewasmyclassmatefrom3rdgrade.Tomy_____31_____,sheadmittedtomethatshehadoverheardour_____32_____andbroughtmysecretto_____33_____.Iwasallatsea,andfeltthatthegroundcollapsed_____34_____myfeet.FromthatIgotalessoninlifethatweshouldtrustourlovedones,becauseonemistakecanruinourlife.Iwassoembarrassedthatittookyearsto_____35_____mymistake.21.A.confused B.particular C.excited D.enthusiastic22.A.relation B.addition C.permission D.participation23.A.introduced B.attracted C.reminded D.turned24.A.or B.so C.also D.but25.A.artificial B.terrific C.reliable D.terrible26.A.head B.arm C.back D.hand27.A.knew B.kept C.revealed D.hid28.A.admitted B.shifted C.attended D.preferred29.A.answer B.accept C.make D.refuse30.A.cure B.dress C.repair D.remove31.A.anxiety B.relief C.amazement D.delight32.A.quarrel B.conversation C.argument D.discussion33.A.air B.reality C.life D.light34.A.over B.besides C.beneath D.along35.A.make B.correct C.fix D.realize【答案】21.A22.B23.B24.D25.D26.C27.C28.B29.A30.D31.C32.B33.D34.C35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者誤會是曾經(jīng)的好友泄露了自己的秘密，而一直不肯原諒對方，后來當?shù)弥嫦嗪?，作者才意識到了自己所犯的錯誤?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我自己也很后悔，我還清楚地記得那天我對每個人給我的會意的眼神感到困惑。A.confused困惑的；B.particular特殊、特別的；C.excited興奮的；D.enthusiastic熱情的。根據(jù)下文“theknowinglookswhicheveryonegaveme.”說明作者對別人給自己的那種會意的表情感到困惑。故選A?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：五年前，薩莉是我們班的新成員。A.relation關(guān)系；B.addition增加，新增人員；C.permission允許；D.participation參與。根據(jù)上文的“new”可知，Sally是我們班的新增成員。故選B。【23題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我不知道是什么，但她身上有某種特別的東西吸引著我。A.introduced介紹；B.attracted吸引；C.reminded提醒；D.turned轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)下文“afterafewmonthswewerelikebestfriends”可知，Sally身上有吸引作者的地方，所以兩個人才成為好朋友。故選B。【24題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：我們一開始是同學(xué)，但幾個月后就成了最好的朋友。A.or否則；B.so因此；C.also和、也；D.but但是。前一句“Westartedasclassmates”，后一句“afterafewmonthswewerelikebestfriends.”，由同學(xué)變成最好的朋友，前后兩句之間存在轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故選D。【25題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我告訴她我家庭的糟糕狀況。A.artificial人造的；B.terrific極好的；C.reliable可依靠的；D.terrible恐怖的、糟糕的。根據(jù)下文“everyoneatschoolstartedlaughingatme,staringatmeandgigglingeverywhereIwent.”推知，作者把自己家庭情況糟糕告訴了Sally，以至于全校皆知，所有人都嘲笑作者。故選D?！?6題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：就像有人在我背后捅了一刀。A.head頭；B.arm胳膊；C.back背；D.hand手。根據(jù)下文“MyheartisbrokenbecausethepersonItrustedthemostgavemeaway.”可知，作者認為被信任的人出賣了，所以是覺得有人在背后捅了一刀。故選C。【27題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在她泄露了我的秘密之后，學(xué)校里的每個人都開始嘲笑我，盯著我看，我走到哪里都在傻笑。A.knew知道；B.kept維持；C.revealed揭露、泄露；D.hid躲藏。根據(jù)上文“Sheexaggeratedthematter,addedherownspicestoitandmadeitthemostheatedtopicinschool.”和此處同學(xué)們的嘲笑可知，作者認為她泄露了作者的秘密。故選C。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我離開學(xué)校，轉(zhuǎn)到另一所學(xué)校，因為我認為沒有人有權(quán)利嘲笑我。A.admitted承認；B.shifted轉(zhuǎn)變；C.attended參加；D.preferred更喜歡。根據(jù)上文“Ileftschool”可知，作者轉(zhuǎn)學(xué)了。故選B?！?9題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：莎莉給我打了很多次電話，但我沒有接。A.answer接聽；B.accept接受；C.make制造；D.refuse拒絕。根據(jù)上文“Sallycalledme”可知，此處是指接聽電話。故選A。【30題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我努力抹去心中的傷疤，開始新的生活。A.cure治愈；B.dress穿；C.repair修理；D.remove去除。根據(jù)下文“startedanewlife.”可知，作者努力像抹去心中的傷疤。故選D?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我吃驚的是，她向我承認，她無意中聽到了我們的談話，把我的秘密暴露了出來。A.anxiety焦慮；B.relief寬慰；C.amazement驚奇；D.delight高興。根據(jù)下文“sheadmittedtomethatshehadoverheardour____12____andbroughtmysecretto____13____.”可知，是Anna泄露了作者的秘密，而作者一直以為是Sally泄露了自己的秘密。所以，得知真相后，作者是感到吃驚。故選C?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我吃驚的是，她向我承認，她無意中聽到了我們的談話，把我的秘密暴露了出來。A.quarrel吵架；B.conversation對話；C.argument爭論；D.discussion討論。根據(jù)第三段“Itoldheraboutmyfamily’s____5____situation.”可知，Anna偷聽了作者和Sally之間的談話。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：令我吃驚的是，她向我承認，她無意中聽到了我們的談話，把我的秘密暴露了出來。A.air空氣；B.reality實際；C.life生活；D.light光。短語bring…tolight揭露。根據(jù)“sheadmittedtomethatshehadoverheardour____12____”可知，Anna把作者的秘密暴露了出來。故選D?！?4題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：我茫然無措，感覺腳下的地面塌陷了。A.over超越；B.besides除……之外；C.beneath在……下面；D.along沿著。根據(jù)“theground”可知，是位于腳下的地面。故選C。【35題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我很不好意思，過了好幾年才意識到我的錯誤。A.make制造；B.correct糾正；C.fix修理；D.realize明白，意識到。根據(jù)“Iwassoembarrassed”及全文可知，作者一直誤會了自己的好朋友Sally，而且不給對方解釋的機會。時隔幾年，作者了解了真相后，才意識到自己所犯的錯誤。故選D。第II卷注意事項：第II卷共2頁，用黑色字跡的簽字筆或鋼筆將答案寫在答題紙上，答在試題卷上無效。第三部分英語知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。SincetheCOVID-19epidemicstartedin2020,XuChun____36____(form)thehabitoftakingexerciseathome____37____aregularbasisvialivestreamedfitnessclasses（直播健身課）.Exercisesathomearethebestoptionforthe30-year-old____38____thejourneyfromhometothegymistime-consuming,andsheprefers____39____(exercise)inamoreprivateplace.Inthefirstthreemonths,shelost12.5kilogramsunexpectedlyduetoregularexercise,lifestyleanda____40____(health)diet.Sincethen,shehaskeptherweightatabout50kilograms.Shehasmadea3-square-meterspaceathomeintoherprivategymasshe’spurchasedmoreexercise____41____(equip),suchasanindoorbike,barbells,kettlebellsandresistancebands.“Thereisnothing____42____(good)thandoingaworkouttherewhenIfinishmydailywork.”saidXufromMa’anshan,Anhuiprovince,who____43____(run)anonlinestoreandworksfromhome.Fitnessapp“Keep”offersthosewithpaidmembershipslivestreamedexerciseclasses.Whilewatchingsuchlivestreams,userscanpost“bulletscreens”-real-time____44____(comment)thatappearonthescreentocheeroneachotherandaskquestions,_____45_____thecoachanswerstoeaseanydoubts.【答案】36.hasformed37.on38.because##since##for39.toexercise40.healthy41.equipment42.better43.runs44.comments45.which【解析】【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了由于疫情原因，更多的人選擇居家健身。【36題詳解】考查時態(tài)。句意：自2020年新冠肺炎疫情暴發(fā)以來，徐春通過直播健身課程，養(yǎng)成了定期在家鍛煉的習(xí)慣。根據(jù)時間狀語“SincetheCOVID-19epidemicstartedin2020”，可知，本句時態(tài)為現(xiàn)在完成時；主語為“XuChun”，單數(shù)。故填hasformed。【37題詳解】考查介詞。句意：自2020年新冠肺炎疫情暴發(fā)以來，徐春通過直播健身課程，養(yǎng)成了定期在家鍛煉的習(xí)慣。短語onaregularbasis定期地。故填on?！?8題詳解】考查連詞。句意：對于30歲的她來說，在家鍛煉是最好的選擇，因為從家到健身房的路程很耗時，她更喜歡在一個更私密的地方鍛煉。主句為“在家鍛煉是最好的選擇”，從句意為“從家到健身房的路程很耗時”，后者為原因狀語從句。故填because/since/for?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語動詞。句意：對于30歲的她來說，在家鍛煉是最好的選擇，因為從家到健身房的路程很耗時，她更喜歡在一個更私密的地方鍛煉。短語prefertodo喜歡做某事。故填toexercise。【40題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：在最初的三個月里，由于定期鍛煉、生活方式和健康的飲食，她意外地瘦了12.5公斤。修飾名詞diet，用形容詞形式。故填healthy。【41題詳解】考查名詞。句意：她買了更多的健身器材，比如室內(nèi)自行車、杠鈴、壺鈴和阻力帶，在家里騰出了3平方米的空間作為自己的私人健身房。根據(jù)空前的moreexercise，可知，空處為名詞作賓語。equipment為不可數(shù)名詞。故填equipment?！?2題詳解】考查形容詞比較級。句意：“當我完成每天的工作時，沒有什么比在那里鍛煉更好的了?！眮碜园不振R鞍山的徐說，他經(jīng)營著一家網(wǎng)店，在家工作。根據(jù)空后的than可知，空處為形容詞比較級形式。故填better?！?3題詳解】考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：“當我完成每天的工作時，沒有什么比在那里鍛煉更好的了?！眮碜园不振R鞍山的徐說，他經(jīng)營著一家網(wǎng)店，