2022年河北石家莊第十五中學(xué)高二第二學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)試題

石家莊市第十五中學(xué)2021-2022學(xué)年度第二學(xué)期期中考試高二英語(yǔ)試卷本試卷滿(mǎn)分150分,考試時(shí)間120分鐘.第二部分:閱讀理解(共20小題;每小題2.5分,滿(mǎn)分50分)第一節(jié)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的4個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中,選出最佳選項(xiàng).ATheBattleatLakeChangiinisahistoricalepicjointlydirectedbythreetopdirectors-ChenKaige,HarkTsuiandDanteLam.Thefilmisthisyear'ssecond-biggestearnersofar,bothinChinaandglobally,followingthedomesticcomedyHi,Mom.SetduringtheWartoResistUSAggressionandAidKorea（1950-1953）andstarringWuJingandJacksonYee,themovietellsthestoryoftheChinesePeople'sVolunteersfightingbravelyinfreezingtemperaturesinakeycampaignatLakeChangjin,orChosinReservoir.Hi,Mom,thefirstmoviedirectedbyChinesecomedianandactressJiaLing,hitinternationaltheaters.Thebest-movingfilmwasreleasedinNorthAmerica,Japan,theRepublicofKorea,Britain,Spain,Australia,NewZealand,Colombiaandseveralothercountriesandregions,accordingtoRuyiFilms,oneoftheproducers.Hi,Mom,widelyconsideredasthetopdarkhorsethankstoitsmovingplotofmother-daughteraffection,hasearned1.7billionyuaninrisingtothesecondslot.Takingsecondplace,TheWanderingEarth,asci-fiblockbusterwasadaptedfromtheeponymousnovelbyLiuCixin.Itwasthe12thtop-earningfilmworldwide.AlongwithdirectorNingHao'sCrazyAlien,andotherSpringFestivalblockbusterssuchasHanHan'sdirectorialeffortPegasus,TheWanderingEarthtookthemonthlygrossinFebruaryto11.2billionyuan,theworld'shighestforasinglemonth.1Whichfilmcanarousethestrongloveforourcountry?A.Hi,Mom. B.TheWanderingEarth. C.CrazyAlien. D.TheBattleatLakeChangiin.2.Howmanyfilmsarementionedinthetext?A.Three. B.Four. C.Five. D.Six.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Amagazine. B.Atravelguide. C.Anovel. D.Asciencereport.【答案】1.D2.C3.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。運(yùn)用圖片加文字的形式介紹了最近幾年中國(guó)具有代表性的優(yōu)質(zhì)電影《長(zhǎng)津湖》、《你好，李煥英》、《流浪地球》?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“SetduringtheWartoResistUSAggressionandAidKorea（1950-1953）andstarringWuJingandJacksonYee,themovietellsthestoryoftheChinesePeople'sVolunteersfightingbravelyinfreezingtemperaturesinakeycampaignatLakeChangjin,orChosinReservoir.（這部電影以抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)(1950-1953年)為背景，由吳京和易烊千璽主演，講述了中國(guó)人民志愿軍在長(zhǎng)津湖進(jìn)行關(guān)鍵戰(zhàn)役時(shí)，冒著嚴(yán)寒勇敢戰(zhàn)斗的故事。）”可知，《長(zhǎng)津湖》是抗美援朝戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)這一主題，能喚起人們的愛(ài)國(guó)熱情。故選D項(xiàng)。【2題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第一段第一句“TheBattleatLakeChangiinisahistoricalepicjointlydirectedbythreetopdirectors-ChenKaige,HarkTsuiandDanteLam.（《長(zhǎng)津湖》是一部由陳凱歌、徐克、林超賢三位著名導(dǎo)演共同執(zhí)導(dǎo)的史詩(shī)巨制。）”可知，文章提到的第一個(gè)電影。第一段第二句“Thefilmisthisyear'ssecond-biggestearnersofar,bothinChinaandglobally,followingthedomesticcomedyHi,Mom.（該片是今年迄今為止在中國(guó)和全球票房收入第二高的電影，僅次于國(guó)產(chǎn)喜劇《你好，李煥英》。）”，可知，文章提到的第二個(gè)電影。第三段第一句“Takingsecondplace,TheWanderingEarth,asci-fiblockbusterwasadaptedfromtheeponymousnovelbyLiuCixin.（排在第二位的是由劉慈欣同名小說(shuō)改編的科幻大片《流浪地球》。）”可知，文章提到的第三個(gè)電影。第三段第三句“AlongwithdirectorNingHao'sCrazyAlien,andotherSpringFestivalblockbusterssuchasHanHan'sdirectorialeffortPegasus,（除了寧浩導(dǎo)演的《瘋狂外星人》，以及韓寒導(dǎo)演的《飛馳人生》等其他春節(jié)大片，）”可知，文章提到的第四個(gè)和第五個(gè)電影。因此，這篇文章總共提到了五個(gè)電影。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，文章介紹了最近幾年中國(guó)具有代表性的優(yōu)質(zhì)電影《長(zhǎng)津湖》、《你好，李煥英》、《流浪地球》，因此最有可能出自于娛樂(lè)雜志。故選A項(xiàng)。BLarescewasbornwithaconditioncalledhypermobility(運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)度)whichmeantherjointswere“bent”.Theconditioncancauseseverejointpainandleadtodislocations(脫臼).Butratherthanfeelsorryforherself,sheusedhermisfortunetoinspireherselftobecomeBritain'sstrongestschoolgirl.Justtwoyearsago,theconditionleftLaresceinsomuchpainthatshecouldn'teventakepartinsports.ButnowshehassixBritishandWorldChampionpowerliftingrecords.It'sanamazingachievement.Laresce'strainerTaniaGeorgesaidherconditionisthesecrettohersuccess.“Shehasmoreflexibility(靈活性)inherbackthanmostpeople,whichgivesherthetechniqueofbendingherbackstronglyandsafely.MostpowerlifterswouldkilltotrytobendtheirbackslikeLaresce.Shehasperfectedthetechniquetoliftheavyweights,”Taniasaid.“Iusedtosufferalotofpainfrommyhypermobility.Iremembercominghomefromschoolwithpainsinmykneesjointsandhips.Itwouldstopmedoingnormalthingsatschool.ThepainwouldbesomuchthatsomenightsIcouldn'tsleepatallandIjustcouldn'tfacegoingtoschoollikethat.Andaftereachdislocation,Ihadtohavesixmonthsoftreatmenttorecover,”saidLaresce.However,sincetakingupthesportofpowerlifting18monthsagosheisnoweffectivelycured.“ReallyenjoyedthefeelingofpowerIgotandtheexcitementofpeopleencouragingmetodomyverybest,”shesaid.“I'vemadelotsoffriends.It'sanincrediblefeelingwheneveryone'scheeringmeon.It'sthesupportofotherpeoplethatmakesthedifferencetowinning.Becomingachampionwasabigsurprise-Ijuststartedoffforfunandwasn'texpectinganything.Sotowinsixtitlesoverjustafewmonthswasamazing.”4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethat________.A.LaresceissufferingalittlefromhypermobilityB.hypermobilityishelpfultoincreaseone'sstrengthC.Larescedidn'tgotoschoolbecauseofherillnessD.theflexibilityinLaresce'sbackhelpshertoliftheavyweights5.WhydidLarescehavetohavelong-timetreatment?A.Toreducethepainsinkneesandjoints. B.Torecoverfromjointdislocations.C.Tofallasleepeasilyduringnights. D.Todonormalthingsfreelyatschool.6.FromLaresce'swordsinthelastparagraphweknowthat________.A.LarescewasdeterminedtobecomeachampionB.LarescetrainedforalongtimetowinthetitlesC.Larescedidn'texpecttogainsuchagreatsuccessD.Laresce'sfriendscontributedalottohersuccess7.Whatcouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.ADiseaseLeadingtoSevereJointPainsandDislocationsB.ABendy-jointedTeenBecomingBritain'sStrongestSchoolgirlC.AnInspiringGirlWhoHasMadeGreatAchievementsD.ABritishGirlwithGreatSpiritandDetermination【答案】4.D5.B6.C7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一個(gè)患有運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)度癥的女孩Laresce在教練的指導(dǎo)下成了力量舉重冠軍、英國(guó)最強(qiáng)女學(xué)生的故事。文章描述了她在遭受疾病困擾期間的情況，以及她對(duì)自己獲得了冠軍的感受?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中Shehasmoreflexibility(靈活性)inherbackthanmostpeople,whichgivesherthetechniqueofbendingherbackstronglyandsafely.可知她的背部比大多數(shù)人都更柔韌，這使她能夠安全有力地彎曲背部。由此可知，Laresce背部的柔韌性，幫助她舉起重物。故選D。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中Andaftereachdislocation,Ihadtohavesixmonthsoftreatmenttorecover.可知每次脫臼后，我都要接受6個(gè)月的治療才能恢復(fù)。由此可知，每次脫臼后Laresce都必須接受六個(gè)月的治療來(lái)恢復(fù)。故選B?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中Becomingachampionwasabigsurprise-Ijuststartedoffforfunandwasn'texpectinganything.可知成為冠軍是一個(gè)很大的驚喜——我只是為了好玩才開(kāi)始的，并沒(méi)有期待什么。由此可推知，從Laresce在最后一段的話(huà)，我們知道Laresce沒(méi)有預(yù)料到獲得如此巨大的成功。故選C。【7題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段Butratherthanfeelsorryforherself,sheusedhermisfortunetoinspireherselftobecomeBritain'sstrongestschoolgirl.可知但她并沒(méi)有為自己感到難過(guò)，而是用自己的不幸激勵(lì)自己成為英國(guó)最強(qiáng)壯的女學(xué)生。文章主要講述了一個(gè)患有運(yùn)動(dòng)過(guò)度癥的女孩Laresce在教練的指導(dǎo)下利用超出常人的后背彎曲技能成為力量舉重冠軍、英國(guó)最強(qiáng)女學(xué)生的故事。故B選項(xiàng)“一個(gè)關(guān)節(jié)彎曲的青少年成為英國(guó)最強(qiáng)壯的女學(xué)生”符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。CSomestudentsgetsonervousbeforeatest.Theydopoorlyeveniftheyknowthematerial.SianBeilock,aprofessorattheUniversityofChicagoinIllinois,hasstudiedthesehighlyanxioustest-takers.Thestudentsstartworryingabouttheresults.Andwhentheyworry,itactuallyusesupattentionandmemoryresources.ProfessorBeilockandanotherresearcher,GerardoRamirezhavedevelopedapossiblesolution.Justbeforeanexam,highlyanxioustest-takersspendtenminuteswritingabouttheirworriesaboutthetest.Theresearcherstestedtheideaonagroupoftwentyanxiouscollegestudents.Theygavethemtwoshortmathstests.Afterthefirstone,theyaskedthestudentstoeithersitquietlyorwriteabouttheirfeelingsabouttheupcomingsecondtest.ProfessorBeilocksaysthosewhosatquietlyscoredanaverageof12%worseonthesecondtest.Butthestudentswhohadwrittenabouttheirfearsimprovedtheirperformancebyanaverageof5%.Next,theresearchersemployedyoungerstudentsinabiologyclass.Theytoldthembeforefinalexamseithertowriteabouttheirfeelingsortothinkaboutthingsunrelatedtothetest.ProfessorBeilocksayshighlyanxiousstudentswhodidthewritinggotanaveragegradeofB+,comparedtoaB-forthosewhodidnot.“Whatweshowedisthatforstudentswhoarehighlytest-anxious,who’ddoneourwritingintervention(干預(yù)),allofasuddentherewasnorelationshipbetweentestanxietyandperformance.Theywereperformingjustaswellastheirclassmateswhodon’tnormallygetnervousinthesetests.”Butwhatifstudentsdonothaveachancetowriteabouttheirfearsimmediatelybeforeanexam?ProfessorBeilocksaysstudentscantryitthemselvesathomeorinthelibraryandstillimprovetheirperformance.8.Whatmaythestudentsstartworryingaboutbeforeanexam?A.Whethertheycanpasstheexams. B.Whatotherstudentsdoduringthetest.C.Whethertheyhaverememberedthematerials. D.Whatkindofproblemstheywillmeetoathetestpaper.9.Whatisthesolutiondevelopedbytheresearchers?A.Askingthestudentstoignorethetest B.Askingthestudentstofocusonthetest.C.Askingthestudentstositquietlybeforethetest. D.Askingthestudentstowriteabouttheirworriesbeforethetest.10.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyabout?A.Thenegativeeffectoftestanxiety. B.Thesolutiontobetterschoolperformance.C.Thebenefitoffeeling-tellingbeforetests. D.Thewaytogetwellpreparedfortests.11.Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?A.Studentsshoulduseallchancestoimprovetheirperformance.B.Wecanonlywriteaboutourworriesrightbeforeanexam.C.Thebestplacetowriteaboutourworriesisinthetestroom.D.Itisbeneficialwhereverwewriteaboutourworriesbeforeanexam.【答案】8.A9.D10.C11.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了一位心里學(xué)教授對(duì)考前焦慮癥的學(xué)生的研究以及幫助焦慮癥學(xué)生的辦法。【8題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后兩句話(huà)“Thestudentsstartworryingabouttheresults.Andwhentheyworry,itactuallyusesupattentionandmemoryresources.（學(xué)生們開(kāi)始擔(dān)心結(jié)果。當(dāng)他們擔(dān)心時(shí)，實(shí)際上會(huì)消耗注意力和記憶資源。）”可知，考前學(xué)生們開(kāi)始焦慮的是他們的考試結(jié)果—是否能通過(guò)考試。故選A?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話(huà)“Justbeforeanexam,highlyanxioustest-takersspendtenminuteswritingabouttheirworriesaboutthetest.（就在考試前，高度焦慮的考生花十分鐘寫(xiě)下他們對(duì)考試的擔(dān)憂(yōu)。）”可知，讓學(xué)生寫(xiě)下他們對(duì)考試的擔(dān)憂(yōu)是研究者研究的解決方案。故選D?！?0題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段第一句話(huà)“ProfessorBeilocksaysthosewhosatquietlyscoredanaverageof12%worseonthesecondtest.（貝洛克教授說(shuō)，那些安靜地坐著的人在第二次測(cè)試中平均得分差12%。但是寫(xiě)下恐懼的學(xué)生平均提高了5%。）”以及最后一句話(huà)“ProfessorBeilocksayshighlyanxiousstudentswhodidthewritinggotanaveragegradeofB+,comparedtoaB-forthosewhodidnot.（那些高度焦慮的學(xué)生寫(xiě)下了自己的焦慮后，他們的平均成績(jī)是B+，而那些沒(méi)有寫(xiě)的學(xué)生的平均成績(jī)是B。）”可知，本段主要講述在考試前把焦慮寫(xiě)下來(lái)的好處，能夠幫助他們提高考試成績(jī)。故選C?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butwhatifstudentsdonothaveachancetowriteabouttheirfearsimmediatelybeforeanexam?ProfessorBeilocksaysstudentscantryitthemselvesathomeorinthelibraryandstillimprovetheirperformance.（但是，如果學(xué)生在考試前沒(méi)有機(jī)會(huì)寫(xiě)下他們的恐懼呢？貝洛克教授說(shuō)，學(xué)生們可以在家里或圖書(shū)館里自己嘗試，但仍然可以提高他們的表現(xiàn)。）”可推知，考試前在哪里寫(xiě)下對(duì)考試的擔(dān)憂(yōu)并不重要，無(wú)論寫(xiě)在什么地方都是有益的。故選D。DWiththedevelopmentofoursociety,cellphoneshavebecomeacommonpartinourlives.Haveyoueverrunintoacarelesscellphoneuserinthestreet?Maybetheywerebusytalking,textingorcheckingupdatesonWeChatwithoutlookingatwhatwasgoingonaroundthem.Asthenumberofthisnew"species"ofhumanhaskeptrising,theyhavebeengivenanewname—phubbers(低頭族).RecentlyacartooncreatedbystudentsfromChinaCentralAcademyofFineArtsputthisgroupofpeopleunderthespotlight.Intheshortfilm,phubberswithvarioussocialidentitiesburythemselvesintheirphones.Adoctorplayswithhiscellphonewhilelettinghispatientdie.Aprettywomantakesaselfie(自拍)infrontofacaraccidentsite.Andafatherloseshischildwithoutknowingaboutitwhileusinghismobilephone.Achainofsimilareventswillfinallyleadtothedestruction(毀滅)oftheworld.Althoughtheendingofthefilmsoundsunrealistic,thedamagephubbingcanbringisreal.Yourhealthisthefirsttobeartheeffectandtheresultofit."Alwaysbendingyourheadtocheckyourcellphonecoulddamageyourneck,"GuangmingDailyquoteddoctors'words."Theneckislikearopethatbreaksafterlong-termstretching."Also,staringatcellphonesforalongtimewilldamageyoureyesightgradually,accordingtothereport.Butthat'snotall.Beingaphubbercouldalsodamageyoursocialskillsanddriveyouawayfromyourfriendsandfamily.Whengettingtogetherwithfamilyorfriends,manypeopleprefertoplaytheircellphoneswhileothersarechattinghappilywitheachotherandthiscreatesastrangeatmosphere,QiluEveningNewsreported.Itcanalsocostyourlife.Therehavebeenlotsofreportsonphubberswhofelltotheirdeath,sufferedaccidents,andwererobbedoftheircellphonesinbroaddaylight.12.WhydoestheauthorgivetheexampleofacartooninParagraph2?A.Tosuggestphubberswilldestroytheworld.B.Tocallforpeopletogowalkingwithoutphones.C.Totellpeoplethebadeffectsofphubbing.D.Toadvisestudentstocreatemorecartoonslikethis.13.Accordingtothepassage,whatrisksmayaphubberhave?①

Destructingtheworld.②

Affectinghissocialskills.③

Damaginghisneckandeyesight.④

Gettingseparatedfromhisfriendsandfamily.A.①②④ B.②③④ C.①③④ D.①②③④14.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsphubbing?A.Supportive. B.Confident. C.Disapproving. D.Unconcerned.15.Whatwillbetalkedaboutinthefollowingparagraph?A.Waystoavoidtherisksofphubbing. B.Badeffectsofphubbing.C.Dailylifeofphubbers. D.Behavioursofphubbers.【答案】12.C13.B14.C15.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要以當(dāng)今社會(huì)盛行的“低頭族”現(xiàn)象為切入點(diǎn)，說(shuō)明過(guò)度使用手機(jī)帶來(lái)的不良后果和危害。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第二段通過(guò)一部卡通片展示了人們因看手機(jī)而造成的悲劇,目的是告訴人們低頭玩手機(jī)造成的不良影響；同時(shí)本段最后一句“Achainofsimilareventswillfinallyleadtothedestruction(毀滅)oftheworld.”（一連串類(lèi)似的事件最終將導(dǎo)致破壞(毀滅)。），也能說(shuō)明作者以此舉例的目的是為了說(shuō)明“低頭族”的危害。故選C項(xiàng)。【13題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中"Alwaysbendingyourheadtocheckyourcellphonecoulddamageyourneck"（總是低頭看手機(jī)會(huì)傷到脖子）和"Also,staringatcellphonesforalongtimewilldamageyoureyesightgradually"（此外，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間盯著手機(jī)會(huì)逐漸損害你的視力）以及第四段第二句"Beingaphubbercouldalsodamageyoursocialskillsanddriveyouawayfromyourfriendsandfamily."（低頭族還會(huì)損害你的社交技能，讓你遠(yuǎn)離朋友和家人），可知低頭族可能有的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)有：損害脖子和視力;影響社交技能;與家人、朋友分離。故選B項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文,再根據(jù)最后一段第一句“Itcanalsocostyourlife.”（它也會(huì)讓你付出生命的代價(jià)。）可推斷,作者對(duì)低頭玩手機(jī)這一行為的態(tài)度是反對(duì)的。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。本文屬于社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)類(lèi)的議論文，論述“低頭族”的危害后，還要針對(duì)這一現(xiàn)象提出解決應(yīng)對(duì)的辦法。文章講述了低頭族帶來(lái)的一些壞影響,所以接下來(lái)應(yīng)該講“如何避免低頭玩手機(jī)的危險(xiǎn)”。故選A項(xiàng)?！军c(diǎn)睛】在解答觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題時(shí)，要注意把握住能夠表示作者好惡的形容詞及副詞，通過(guò)相關(guān)詞匯及短語(yǔ)，了解作者觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度。比如本篇第三題，問(wèn)到對(duì)于“低頭族”的看法，文章是通過(guò)一系列的單詞和短語(yǔ)來(lái)表達(dá)作者的態(tài)度的，比如“damageyourneck”，“damageyoursocialskills”，“damageyoureyesight”等表示負(fù)面后果的一些短語(yǔ)，所以能夠很容易地判斷作者的對(duì)于“低頭族”是不支持的。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng).選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng).HowtofightyourbadbreathMorethan80millionpeoplesufferfrombadbreath,accordingtotheAcademyofGeneralDentistry,aprofessionalassociationofdentistsfromCanadaandtheUnitedStates.___16___,themostcommonreasonispoororalhygiene(衛(wèi)生).Herearesomewaystofightbadbreathandbringotherstalkingtoyouamorepleasantexperience.___17___.Onionsandgarlicaddflavortomanyfoods,buttheyalsoaddodors(臭味)noteasilybrushedaway.Thesubstancesthatcausetheirbadsmellsmaketheirwayintoyourbloodstreamandtraveltoyourlungs,whereyoubreathethemout.Thebestwaytoavoidtheproblemistoavoidsuchfoods.Avoiddrymouth.Saliva(唾液)isthekeythinginyourmouththathelpskeeptheodorundercontrolbecauseithelpswashawaybacteria.___18___,trydrinkingwaterorchewingsugarlessgum.Brushandfloss(用牙線(xiàn)清潔).Oralhygieneexpertsrecommendyoubrushyourteethatleasttwiceadayandflossatleastoncetoreduceplaque(牙斑).Thestickybuilduponyourteethcollectsbacteriathatcausebadbreath,andtrappedfoodaddstotheproblem.___19___,theexpertswarn.Ifyoubrushtoohardyoucanweardownyourteeth.Brushyourtongue.___20___.Toridyourtongueofodor-causingbacteria,remembertobrushitwhenyoucleanyourteeth.Ifyourtoothbrushistoobigtoreachthebackofyourtongue,buyascraper,whichisdesignedspecificallytoapplyevenpressureacrossthesurfaceofthetonguearea.Thisremovesbacteriaanddeadcellsthatbrushingalonecan’ttakecareof.A.AvoidcertainfoodsB.Don’toverdothings,thoughC.Ifyouaren’tproducingmuchsalivaD.Bacteriadon’tjustliveonyourteethE.BrushyourteethafteryoueatthesefoodsF.AlthoughbadbreathcanhappenbecauseofmedicalreasonsG.Ifyourbadbreathisthoughttobecausedbyapotentialhealthcondition【答案】16.F17.A18.C19.B20.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要講述了如何避免口臭的方法：避免吃一些食物、避免嘴干、刷牙并用牙線(xiàn)清潔、刷舌頭?！?6題詳解】上文“Morethan80millionpeoplesufferfrombadbreath,accordingtotheAcademyofGeneralDentistry,aprofessionalassociationofdentistsfromCanadaandtheUnitedStates.（根據(jù)加拿大和美國(guó)牙醫(yī)專(zhuān)業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)——普通牙科學(xué)會(huì)(AcademyofGeneralDentistry)數(shù)據(jù)，有超過(guò)8000萬(wàn)人患有口臭。）”說(shuō)明口臭是一個(gè)很普遍的問(wèn)題。下文逗號(hào)后面“themostcommonreasonispoor...（口臭的普遍原因是······）”說(shuō)明了口臭的普遍原因。F項(xiàng)“Althoughbadbreathcanhappenbecauseofmedicalreasons（雖然口腔異味可能是由于醫(yī)學(xué)原因造成的）”說(shuō)明了不常見(jiàn)的原因，形成了邏輯轉(zhuǎn)折，符合語(yǔ)境。故選F項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】上文“Herearesomewaystofightbadbreathandbringotherstalkingtoyouamorepleasantexperience.（這里有一些對(duì)付口臭的方法，可以給別人帶來(lái)更愉快的談話(huà)體驗(yàn)。）”總領(lǐng)下文，說(shuō)明下文要講述對(duì)付口臭的方法。根據(jù)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，設(shè)空處應(yīng)是第二段的小標(biāo)題。根據(jù)本段第一句“Onionsandgarlicaddflavortomanyfoods,buttheyalsoaddodorsnoteasilybrushedaway.（洋蔥和大蒜讓許多食物更有味，但是他們也添加了不容易刷掉的氣味。）”說(shuō)明了洋蔥和大蒜是造成口臭的一大原因，因此避免食用引起口臭的食材是對(duì)付口臭的一種辦法。A項(xiàng)中的避免一些事物與之對(duì)應(yīng)。故選A項(xiàng)。【18題詳解】上文“Avoiddrymouth.Salivaisthekeythinginyourmouththathelpskeeptheodorundercontrolbecauseithelpswashawaybacteria.（避免干燥的口腔。唾液是口腔中控制氣味的關(guān)鍵，因?yàn)樗兄谇逑醇?xì)菌。）”說(shuō)明對(duì)付口臭的第二個(gè)辦法是唾液，因此分泌足夠量的唾液可以避免口臭。下文“...,trydrinkingwaterorchewingsugarlessgum.（試著喝水或嚼無(wú)糖口香糖。）”是提高唾液量的方法，選項(xiàng)C是說(shuō)明了如果沒(méi)有足夠的唾液應(yīng)該怎么辦，承接下文。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“...,theexpertswarn.Ifyoubrushtoohardyoucanweardownyourteeth.（……專(zhuān)家警告。如果你刷牙太用力，會(huì)磨損你的牙齒。）”可知，牙醫(yī)給出了提醒，刷牙不能過(guò)度，brushtoohard具體解釋了B項(xiàng)中不能過(guò)度做的事情，形成了同義替換。故選B?！?0題詳解】此部分小標(biāo)題是“Brushyourtongue.（刷舌頭）”且上一個(gè)小標(biāo)題是“Brushandfloss(用牙線(xiàn)清潔).”說(shuō)明上文提到刷牙，本段提到要刷舌頭，下文“Toridyourtongueofodor-causingbacteria,remembertobrushitwhenyoucleanyourteeth.（為了清除舌頭上的異味細(xì)菌，記得在刷牙的時(shí)候刷舌頭。）”說(shuō)明舌頭上的細(xì)菌也會(huì)引起口臭。D項(xiàng)中的“細(xì)菌可不僅僅生活在牙齒上”形成了邏輯對(duì)應(yīng)。故選D項(xiàng)。第三部分語(yǔ)言知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題,每小題1分,滿(mǎn)分15分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng),并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑.Iwasgatingreadytoheadtomydaughter’scollegetobringherhomeforNewYear.The___21___wasfallingheavilyandthelandwassilvered,Iknewitwasn'tgoingtobeaneasydrive.Usuallyathree-hourround___22___butIknewitwasgoingtobealot___23___todayasIslowedmycarto___24___theslipperyroads.OnceIwasontheroad,though,conditiononlyworsenedI___25___sloweddownbutfour-wheeltrucksspedpastme___26___hugeshowersofslush(融雪)ontomywindshield(擋風(fēng)玻璃).DuringthelasttwentymilesIsuddenlyfoundmyselfbehindavery___27___winterdriver.Insteadofdrivingslowandadjusting,whenhehitaslipperyspothebraked(剎車(chē))hardandtamedsharplyallovertheroad.Ihadto___28___hardmyselftokeepfromhittinghimbutunfortunatelyslidintoaditch(溝).Itriedpullingoutagainandagainbutcouldonlyhear___29___tires.Iwashalf-wayoutintheroadandatruckspedbyme,missingthecarbyinches.Ilookedaboutthecar____30____andamazinglythecarstartedto____31____,asifitwasalmostbeingpushedoutoftheditch.FromthedrivingmirrorIspotteda____32____coveredwithsnow,pushingmycarashardaspossible.WhenIstuckoutmyhandtogreethimwithgratitude,he____33____signedmegoodluck,gettingonhiscar.JustasafamouswriterHenry____34____it,“Hewhowalksinlovemaywanderfar.”Whereveryougothenandhowever____35____yourjourneysmaybe,alwaysrememberthatyouarewatchedoverbypeoplewithalovemorepowerfulandmorebeautifulthanyoucaneverimagine.21.A.snow B.rain C.fog D.shower22.A.rescue B.flight C.search D.trip23.A.shorter B.faster C.longer D.easier24.A.clear B.match C.consider D.find25.A.even B.further C.finally D.immediately26.A.moving B.causing C.throwing D.holding27.A.untrustworthy B.unfriendly C.patient D.inexperienced28.A.stop B.brake C.work D.hit29.A.spinning B.running C.flat D.broken30.A.curiously B.hopefully C.helplessly D.surprisingly31.A.move B.trap C.jump D.increase32.A.lady B.truck C.car D.figure33.A.suddenly B.surely C.eventually D.simply34.A.makes B.puts C.helps D.gets35.A.safe B.different C.pleasant D.dangerous【答案】21.B22.D23.C24.B25.B26.C27.D28.B29.A30.C31.A32.D33.D34.B35.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者在雪地里得到陌生人幫助才得以脫離困境的故事?！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大雪紛飛，大地銀裝素裹，我知道這不會(huì)是一次輕松的駕駛。A.snow雪；B.rain雨；C.fog霧；D.shower陣雨。根據(jù)后文“thelandwassilvered”可知，雪下得很大。故選B項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：通常是三個(gè)小時(shí)的往返行程，但我知道今天的行程要長(zhǎng)得多，因?yàn)槲曳怕塑?chē)速以適應(yīng)濕滑的道路。A.rescue救援；B.flight航班；C.search搜尋；D.trip旅程。根據(jù)上文“Iknewitwasn’tgoingtobeaneasydrive.”可知，此處表示通常要花三小時(shí)的行程。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：通常是三個(gè)小時(shí)的往返行程，但我知道今天的行程要長(zhǎng)得多，因?yàn)槲曳怕塑?chē)速以適應(yīng)濕滑的道路。A.shorter更短；B.faster更快；C.longer更長(zhǎng)；D.easier更容易。根據(jù)后文“asIslowedmycarto____4____theslipperyroads”可知，放慢車(chē)速意味著所花的時(shí)間越長(zhǎng)。故選C項(xiàng)。【24題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：通常是三個(gè)小時(shí)的往返行程，但我知道今天的行程要長(zhǎng)得多，因?yàn)槲曳怕塑?chē)速以適應(yīng)濕滑的道路。A.clear清理；B.match適應(yīng)，搭配；C.consider考慮；D.find發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“asIslowedmycarto____4____theslipperyroads”可推知，作者放慢車(chē)速是為了適應(yīng)濕滑的路面。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我一上路，情況就更糟了。我進(jìn)一步放慢了速度，但四輪卡車(chē)從我身邊疾馳而過(guò)，濺起了大量的融雪在我的擋風(fēng)玻璃上。A.even甚至；B.further進(jìn)一步；C.finally最終，終于；D.immediately立刻，馬上。根據(jù)“conditiononlyworsened”可知，情況變得更加糟糕了，所以我進(jìn)一步放慢速度。故選B項(xiàng)。【26題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，我一上路，情況就更糟了。我進(jìn)一步放慢了速度，但四輪卡車(chē)從我身邊疾馳而過(guò)，濺起了大量的融雪在我的擋風(fēng)玻璃上。A.moving移動(dòng)；B.causing導(dǎo)致；C.throwing扔；D.holding抓住。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“four-wheeltrucksspedpastme____6____hugeshowersofslush(融雪)ontomywindshield(擋風(fēng)玻璃)”可知，此處表示經(jīng)過(guò)的卡車(chē)把雪撒在我的擋風(fēng)玻璃上。故選C項(xiàng)。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在最后的二十英里中，我突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己跟在一個(gè)缺乏冬天行駛經(jīng)驗(yàn)的司機(jī)后面。A.untrustworthy不值得信任的；B.unfriendly不友好的；C.impatient沒(méi)有耐心的；D.inexperienced沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的。根據(jù)后文“Insteadofdrivingsowandadjusting,whenhehitaslipperyspothebraked(剎車(chē))hardandtamedsharplyallovertheroad.”可知，認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)的司機(jī)。故選D項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我不得不使勁剎車(chē)，以免撞到他，但不幸滑進(jìn)了溝里。A.stop停止；B.brake剎車(chē)；C.work工作；D.hit打擊。根據(jù)上文“Insteadofdrivingsowandadjusting,whenhehitaslipperyspothebraked(剎車(chē))hardandtamedsharplyallovertheroad.”可知，為了避開(kāi)這輛車(chē)，我不得不急剎車(chē)。故選B項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我試著一次又一次駛出，但只能聽(tīng)到車(chē)輪打滑旋轉(zhuǎn)的聲音。A.spinning旋轉(zhuǎn)的，打滑的；B.running運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)著的；C.flat平坦的；D.broken破壞的。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境“Itriedpullingoutagainandagain”可知，陷入溝里后，我一次又一次嘗試駛出，卻只聽(tīng)到車(chē)輪打滑發(fā)出的聲音。故選A項(xiàng)。【30題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我無(wú)助地環(huán)顧了一下汽車(chē)，令人驚訝的是，汽車(chē)開(kāi)始移動(dòng)，好像它幾乎要被推出溝。A.curiously好奇地；B.hopefully充滿(mǎn)希望地；C.helplessly無(wú)助地；D.surprisedly吃驚地。根據(jù)“Iwashalf-wayoutintheroadandatruckspedbyme,missingthecarbyinches”可知，作者的處境雪上加霜，此時(shí)很無(wú)助。故選C項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我無(wú)助地環(huán)顧了一下汽車(chē)，令人驚訝的是，汽車(chē)開(kāi)始移動(dòng)，好像它幾乎要被推出溝。A.move移動(dòng)；trap使陷入困境；jump跳；increase增加。根據(jù)后文“asifitwasalmostbeingpushedoutoftheditch”可知，此時(shí)車(chē)子移動(dòng)了。故選A項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：從駕駛鏡上，我看到一個(gè)被雪覆蓋的身影，盡可能用力地推著我的車(chē)。A.lady女士；B.truck卡車(chē)；C.car汽車(chē)；D.figure人物。根據(jù)后文“WhenIstuckoutmyhandtogreethimwithgratitude”可知，作者此時(shí)看到的是一個(gè)人。故選D項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)我伸出手向他表示感謝時(shí)，他只是祝我好運(yùn)，然后上車(chē)。A.suddenly突然；B.surely一定；C.eventually最后；D.simply僅僅。根據(jù)后文“signedmegoodluck,gettingonhiscar.”可知，這位陌生人沒(méi)有過(guò)多的話(huà)語(yǔ)，僅僅說(shuō)了一句祝我好運(yùn)。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：正如一位著名作家亨利所說(shuō)，“在愛(ài)中行走的人可能會(huì)走得很遠(yuǎn)。”A.makes制作；B.puts放置，表達(dá)；C.helps幫助；D.gets得到。根據(jù)后面的雙引號(hào)可知，“Hewhowalksinlovemaywanderfar.”是作家亨利所說(shuō)的話(huà)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：無(wú)論你走到哪里，無(wú)論你的旅程有多危險(xiǎn)，都要記住，人們會(huì)用一種比你想象的更強(qiáng)大、更美麗的愛(ài)心來(lái)守護(hù)你。A.safe安全的；B.different不同的；C.pleasant；令人愉快的；D.dangerous危險(xiǎn)的。根據(jù)前文“Iknewitwasn'tgoingtobeaneasydrive”以及作者的遭遇可知，作者從這次遇險(xiǎn)并得到陌生人的幫助的經(jīng)歷體會(huì)到即便身處險(xiǎn)境，記住總有人會(huì)守護(hù)的人生哲理。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容,(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式Asayoungmanofbothpassionandendurance,PerceBlackhorowhadlongbeendreamingofdecentadventure.Sohedidn’tgiveupwhenSirErnestShackletonturneddownhisrequesttojointheexpedition.Perce___36___(secret)hidhimselfinacupboard,only___37___(find)threedaysaftertheysetoff.Hefeltfortunateandhappywhenhe___38___(assign)asastewardinsteadofbeingsentbackhome.Itturned___39___tobeatoughjourney.Theshipgot___40___(stick)intheiceastheyapproachedAntarcticaandtheyhadtoabandontheship.___41___theguidanceofSirErnest,they___42___(throw)awaynearlyeverythingexceptnecessitiesandabanjo,___43___kepttheirspiritsupduringthejourney.Survivalwasnoteasyandthingswentfrombadtoworse.FinallySirErnestleftforSouthGeorgiaIslandinordertofindhelp.ThedesperatesituationmadeyoungPerceBlackborowfeeldownandbecomebad-tempered.Itwasthegenuine___44___(encourage)andconcernfromBlessFrankWildthatcheeredhimup.FrankandErnest’sresolveandperseverancefilledhimwithhope.Realizingthatheshouldn’tbecomeselfishjustbecauseof___45___adversitytheywerefacedwith,helearnedtobeoptimisticanddetermined.【答案】36.secretly37.tobefound38.wasassigned39.out40.stuck41.Under42.threw43.which44.encouragement45.the【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了主人公PerceBlackhorow經(jīng)歷的一次冒險(xiǎn)之旅?！?6題詳解】考查副詞。句意：Perce秘密地藏在一個(gè)柜子里，結(jié)果在他們出發(fā)三天后被發(fā)現(xiàn)。分析句子可知，空處修飾動(dòng)詞hid，應(yīng)用副詞secretly“秘密地”。故填secretly。【37題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：Perce秘密地藏在一個(gè)柜子里，結(jié)果在他們出發(fā)三天后被發(fā)現(xiàn)。“only+動(dòng)詞不定式”常表示意料之外的結(jié)果，此處應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞不定式，作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，動(dòng)詞find與邏輯主語(yǔ)Perce之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用不定式的被動(dòng)式“tobedone”。故填tobefound。【38題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：當(dāng)他沒(méi)有被送回家鄉(xiāng)，而是被指派成為一名管家時(shí)，他感到幸運(yùn)和幸福。根據(jù)上下文時(shí)態(tài)及本句中felt可知，句子講述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情，且主語(yǔ)he和動(dòng)詞assign之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是he，be動(dòng)詞用was。故填wasassigned?！?9題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)。句意：結(jié)果是一段艱難的旅程。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是固定短語(yǔ)turnouttobe“結(jié)果是……”。故填out。【40題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)他們接近南極洲時(shí)，船陷在了冰里，他們不得不棄船。stick和邏輯主語(yǔ)Theship之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞，表示被動(dòng)，getstuck“被卡住，被困住”。故填stuck?！?1題詳解】考查介詞。句意：在Ernest先生的指導(dǎo)下，他們幾乎扔掉了所有的東西，除了必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他們?cè)诼猛局芯裾駣^。根據(jù)句意可知，此處指“在……的指導(dǎo)下”，應(yīng)用固定短語(yǔ)undertheguidanceof，句首單詞首字母大寫(xiě)。故填Under?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：在Ernest先生的指導(dǎo)下，他們幾乎扔掉了所有的東西，除了必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他們?cè)诼猛局芯裾駣^。根據(jù)句意和句中“kept”可知，句中講述的是過(guò)去發(fā)生的事，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填threw?！?3題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：在Ernest先生的指導(dǎo)下，他們幾乎扔掉了所有的東西，除了必需品和一把班卓琴，它使他們?cè)诼猛局芯裾駣^。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞為banjo，指物，在從句中作主語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞which引導(dǎo)。故填which?！?4題詳解】考查名詞。句意：正是來(lái)自BlessFrankWild的真誠(chéng)鼓勵(lì)和關(guān)心使他振作起來(lái)。分析句子可知，句子為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)，空處應(yīng)填名詞和concern并列，在句中作主語(yǔ)，ecouragement“鼓勵(lì)”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填encouragement?！?5題詳解】考查定冠詞。句意：意識(shí)到他不應(yīng)該因?yàn)樗麄兯媾R的逆境而變得自私，他學(xué)會(huì)了樂(lè)觀(guān)和堅(jiān)定。分析句子可知，theywerefacedwith為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾名詞adversity，此處特指“他們所面臨的逆境”，應(yīng)用定冠詞the修飾。故填the。第四部分寫(xiě)作(共兩節(jié),滿(mǎn)分40分)第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫(xiě)作(滿(mǎn)分15分)46.6月5日是世界環(huán)境保護(hù)日(WorldEnvironmentDay)。作為中學(xué)生,我們應(yīng)該為環(huán)境保護(hù)貢獻(xiàn)自己的一份力量，請(qǐng)以“HowtoProtecttheenvironment”為題寫(xiě)一篇英語(yǔ)短文，就目前環(huán)境存在的問(wèn)題談?wù)勀愕目捶ê徒ㄗh。要點(diǎn)包括：1)目前環(huán)境存在的問(wèn)題；2)作為中學(xué)生應(yīng)該采取的措施(至少三條).注意:1)詞數(shù)80左右；2)可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！敬鸢浮緼sweallknow,June5istheWorldEnvironmentDay,andashighschoolstudents,weshouldcontributetoenvironmentalprotection.First