河南省許昌市魏都區(qū)許昌重點(diǎn)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題（含答案）

河南省許昌市魏都區(qū)許昌重點(diǎn)中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期開學(xué)英語試題一、第二部分，閱讀，第一節(jié)，閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）Humansarealwaysexploringnewwaystofeel,lookandlivebetter.Aswitheverythingelseinlife,ourapproachtokeepingfitandhealthyhaschangedovertime.Herearefouriconicfitnesstrendsthroughthedecades.Aerobics—1970sAerobicstookofftoimprovethecardiovascular(心血管)systeminafunwayanddancemoveswerecombinedwithfitnessmovements,suchaslegraisesandmarchinginplace.Aerobicsinspiredmanydifferentspin-offsfromdanceandstepaerobics,toevenwater-basedclasses,allsettomusic.Spinning—1990sSpinninglaunchedcyclingrevolutioninthe1990swhichcontinuestothisday,thankstobig-namegymswhichhavemadecyclingonfixedbikesapartyforparticipants.Colorchanginglights,high-energymusicandenthusiasticinstructorshaveturnedspinclassesintoalivelygroupactivitywhichhasattractedfansaroundtheworld.CrossFit—2000sCrossFithasbeenateamfavoriteinthefitnessscenesincethe2000s.Theactivityiscompetitiveyetshared,withscoresbeingtrackedonaboard.Classestypicallylastanhourorless,makingeachsessionanintense(強(qiáng)度的)andtime-efficientworkoutwhichmanyareabletofitintotheirbusyschedules.HIIT—2020sHIIT,whichstandsforHighIntensityIntervalTraining,hasgainedpopularityrecently,alongwiththeriseofhomeworkouts.Exercises,doneinshort,intensebursts,aimtobuildstrengthandendurance.Itcanbedonethroughfreeonlineclasseswithoutanyequipment,makingitanaffordableworkoutathome.1．Whichsportismixedwithdance?A．Aerobics. B．Spinning. C．CrossFit. D．HIIT.2．WhatdoSpinningandCrossFithaveincommon?A．Theylastforashorttime.B．Theycanbegroupactivities.C．Theyneedlightsandmusic.D．Theyarebothcompetitivesports.3．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribetheHIIT?A．Gracefulandintense. B．Economicalandconvenient.C．Energeticandtechnical. D．Interestingandrelaxing.閱讀理解PuffinBooks,thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahl'sclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandTheWitches,cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirehoicetocutouthundredsofimpolitewordssuchas"fat"and"ugly"inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders.AlthoughthepublisherarguedthattheyweremeanttoallowDahl'shookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyalltoday,manypeoplewerestillangeredbythepractice.BookerPrize-winningauthorSalmanRushdiewasamongthosewhoreactedangrilytotherewritingofDahl'swords.Hesaidthat"it'simportantthatworksofliteraturearepreserved",notedSkyNews.AccordingtoTheConversation,"children'sliteratureimplicitly（潛移默化地）shapesthemindsofchildreadersbypresentingparticularsocialandculturevalues.Childrencanbeintiuencedeasilytoworkswhichcanshapethewaytheygrowupandunderstandtheworld."Personally,Ibelieveintheintelligenceofchildrentoexploretheworldaroundthem.Itisthejobofteachers,parentsandthatotheradultguardianstohelpchildrenunderstandthatbooksareproductsoftheirtimesandthatauthors-eventhebestamongthem-arehumanbeingswiththeirownflaws（缺點(diǎn)）.Afterall,justasSuzanneNossel,CEOofPENAmerica,anonprofitorganizationthatprotectswritersandfreedomofexpression,wroteonherTwitter,"Ifwestarttochangeandadaptthegreatworksinsteadofallowingreaderstoreceiveandreacttobooksaswritten,weriskdestroyingthebeautythatliteratureoffers."Withthiskindofunderstandinginmind,wecanprovidechildrenwiththetoolstojudgeandsortoutwhattheyread.Thisisaskillneedednowmorethaneverinatimeof"fakenews"andtherapidspreadofdisinformation（虛假消息）.4．Whatdotheunderlinedwords"thepractice"inparagraph2referto?A．PuffinBookschangedsomeimpolitewordsinRoaldDahl'sstories.B．PuffinBooksremovedsomerudewordsfromRoaldDahl'sstories.C．PuffinBookspreservedsomeimpolitewordsinRoaldDahl'sstories.D．PuffinBooksallowedDahl'sbookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyall.5．WhichofthefollowingwouldSuzanneNosselmostprobablyagreewith?A．Parentsandteacherareresponsibletohelpchildrenunderstandtheclassics.B．Thechangetothegreatworkswillmakethemmoreattractive.C．Childrencanbeinfluencedbythebookstheyread.D．Greatworksshouldbepreservedaswritten.6．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetotherewritingofDahl'sworks?A．Objective. B．Concerned C．Supportive. D．Critical.7．Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A．RoaldDahl'sClassicChildren'sBooksB．Children'sBooks:UptoDateC．GreatWorks:ToRewriteorNotD．BringGreatBooksforChildren閱讀理解Depression(抑郁)canbeadestructiveillness,plaguingmillionsofpeopleworldwidewithfeelingsofsadness,hopelessness,andfatigue.Despitenumerousantidepressantdrugs,asmanyasathirdofpatientsdon'trespondtomedication.Thishasforceddoctorstobemorecreativeinfindingdifferenttreatmentsforthecondition.Inthepasttwodecades,researchershavetieddepressiontoaseeminglyunrelatedcondition:inflammation(炎癥),thebody'snaturalresponsetostress.Itcouldrisefrominjuryorinflection,orevenemotionalissueslikeanunhappymarriageorproblemsatwork.Someamountofinflammationisgenerallybeneficial,asitincreasesproductionofcytokines(致癌因子)，proteinsthathelpushealandprotectusfromtheeffectsofoverwork.Butexcessivecytokinelevels,andtheinflammationtheybringon,couldcomeatacost—anumberofstudiessuggeststhathighlevelsofcytokinescouldcontributetodepression.Cytokinescanreachthebrainseveralways:directlythroughtheblood-brainbarrierorindirectlybybindingtonervefiberselsewhere,whichsendsignalstothebraintoproducetheinflammationmolecules.Inthebrain,cytokinescandisturbtheproductionandreleaseofseveralimportantsignalingchemicals,includingserotonin,dopamineandglutamate,whichhelpcontrolemotion,appetite,sleep,learningandmemory.It'sthoughtthatalackofserotoninactivityinthebraincausesdepression;mostantidepressantsincreasetheactivity.Butcytokinesalsohavebeenshowntoactivatestresshormonesignalinginthebrain,whichmayalsoservetodevelopdepression.Withalltheevidenceimplicatinginflammationindepression,doctorshavebeenanxioustotestanti-inflammatorydrugsasapotentialtreatment.Foursmallstudiespublishedbetween2006and2017byresearchgroupsinEuropeandIranfoundthatadultsdiagnosedwithdepressionwhotookaspirinoranotheranti-inflammatorydrugcalledCelecoxib,alongwithanantidepressant,gotmorerelieffromfeelingsofsadness,hopelessness,guiltandfatiguecomparedwiththosetakinganantidepressantalone.However,AndrewMiller,aprofessorofpsychiatryatEmoryUniversity,thoughtsomethingwaswronginthesesmall,limitedstudies.Noneofthemlookedatwhethertheparticipantshadhighlevelsofcytokinesbeforethey'dseeabenefitfromanti-inflammatorydrugs."Unfortunately,muchofthefieldhasfallenintothetrapofviewinginflammationasthebe-all,end-all,"Millersays.Heandhiscolleagueswantedtoseewhethertheeffectofthesedrugswaslimitedtothedepressionpatientswithhighcytokinelevels,orifithelpedallpeoplediagnosedwithdepression.8．Whichofthefollowingillustratedhowdepressionisdeveloped?A．stress→overwork→inflammation→depressionB．inflammation→infection→stress→depressionC．cytokine→stress→infection→depressionD．infection→inflammation→cytokine→depression9．Theunderlinedword"excessive"inPara.3isclosestinmeaningto"____"A．intermediate B．overmuch C．mild D．a(chǎn)ppropriate10．Wecaninferfromthepassagethat____.A．depressionwillbeacurablediseaseforalongtimeB．onlyaspirincaneffectivelyhelprelievepeopleofmanyemotionalproblemsC．peoplewhoarehard–workingaremorelikelytogetdepressionD．wehavealongwaytogobeforedepressioncanbesatisfyingtreated11．Whichofthefollowingshowstherightstructureofthepassage?(①—⑤representPara1—5)A． B． C． D．閱讀理解Humanbeings'curiosityaboutouterspacehasn'tdeclinedinthepastdecade,andwithJeffBezos'historiccommercialflighttotheedgeofspacethispastsummer,dreamersarethatmuchclosertoexperiencingtheGalaxy(銀河系)forthemselves.It'sreportedthatonecompanyisaimingtomakespacearealityforpeople,andispioneeringanewageofspacetourism.In2019,theCalifornia-basedcompanyGatewayFoundationfirstexploredtheidea.Itsdreamwastomakevisitingspace,inexcellentaccommodation,afuturevacationchoice.Theproject,nowcalledVoyagerStation,isrunbyOrbitalAssemblyCorporation,aconstructioncompanyledbyheadoftheGatewayFoundationandformerpilot,JohnBlincow.SpacetourismdrawscloserasOrbitalAssemblyCorporationhasannouncedplanstobuildtheworld'sfirsttospacehotelnamed"VoyagerStation",whichisexpectedtoopenin2027.Withadateinclosesight,thehotel'sarchitectsandengineersarehardatwork,aimingtodesignanout-of-this-worldexperience.Theyplantodecoratethesuiteswithelegantbarsandrestaurantswithatouchofspace,aswellasEarth-viewingloungesanduniquespacefoodtreats.Theteamisalsotakingadvantageofthereducedgravitythatwillbefeltinthestationtoplantolettheirguestsweightlesslycarryheavyobjects,jumphigherorrunfasterinwayspeoplecan'tnormallydoonEarth.GravitywillremainintheroomsandbarsthoughbecauseVoyagerStation'sscientificdesignmakesitpossiblebycreatingartificialgravitywithinthehotel.Thehotelisdesignedasawheelthatwillsteadilymoveandcreatesimulated(模擬的)gravitationalforce,muchlikewhenaglassofwaterisspunaround,thewaterdoesn'tpourout.Thehotel'sguestswon'tfeelmuchdifferentthanbeingonahugeshipsteadilymoving.12．WhatdoweknowaboutGatewayFoundation?A．Itaimedtobuildaspacehotel.B．Itmadespacearealityforpeople.C．Itpromotedspacetourismgreatly.D．Itplannedahistoriccommercialflight.13．WhatwilltheVoyagerStationteamusethereducedgravitytodo?A．Provideuniquespacefood. B．Letguestsdospacesports.C．Offerrecreationalactivities. D．Decoratesuitesmoreeasily.14．Whydoesgravityexistintheroomsandbars?A．Topreventliquidfrompouring.B．Tomakeguestsfeelcomfortable.C．Toavoidguests'travelsickness.D．Tokeepthingsinnormalpositions.15．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．TimeforSpaceTravelB．SpaceTourismGainingPopularityC．First-everCommercialFlighttoSpaceD．FirstSpaceHotelSettoOpen二、第二部分，閱讀，第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。StrawWeaving(草編)What'sthefirstthingthatpopsintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofwheatstraw?16．However,WuCui,anintangibleculturalinheritor,canturnthestrawleftoverfromharvestedwheatintobeautifulandeye-catchingfunctionalartworks.TheOriginofStrawWeaving17．.TheBookofRites,oneoftheclassicalworksofConfucianism,alsorecordsthattherewerealreadymatsmadeofcattailgrassandprofessionalstraw-weavingcraftsmenduringtheZhouDynasty.TheProcessofStrawWeavingStrawweavingisamethodofmanufacturingdailyitemsorartworks.Wuexplainstheprocessofstrawweaving:selectionofmaterialsisthefirststepofacomplicated,time-consumingandlabor-intensiveprocessthatcantakeweeks,orevenmonths,tocomplete.Youneedtosketch(素描)thepieceonpaper,whichrequiresdrawingskills.18．.Evenbyfinishingthatprocess,itdoesnotmeanthatyouwillalwayscreateagoodpieceofwork.andthehardestpartistomakeitlifelike19．Inthepast,wovenstrawitemscouldbefoundalmostineveryhouseholdinthecountryside.Butduetotheimpactofindustrialization.manufacturedgoodshavereplacedsuchproducts,whichyieldlowprofits,andthereareonlyabout100individualsengagingintheworkacrossthecountry."Theworldhaschanged,andcraftsmenneedtopursuethebeautyandartistryofstrawculturetohelpthecraftsurviveandthrive,"Wusays.TheFutureofStrawWeavingFromherperspective,strawweavingshouldrespondtopeople'sneedsandpreferences,whilestilldrawinginspirationfromtraditionalculture."20．,"shesays.Whenaskedaboutherplans,Wusaysshewantstodigdeeperintolocaltraditionalcultureandcreateculturalcreativeproductsbydevelopingthestraw-weavingtechnique.A.TheCurrentSituationofStrawWeavingB.Nextcomesweaving,shapingandpreservingoftheworkC.CraftspeopleshouldtrytheirbesteffortstopromoteproductsD.Itwaslistedasanationalintangibleculturalheritagein2008E.Mostpeoplewouldprobablyjustseeitasapileofwasteinafarmer'sfieldF.Theearlieststraw-weavingproductswerediscoveredatHemuduCulturalRuinsG.Craftspeopleshouldberesponsiveandcreativeandconstantlyupdatetheirproducts三、第三部分語言運(yùn)用，第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分,滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwasatthegroceryshop21．last-minuteitemsforEasterdinnerwhenI22．fromthecornerofmyeyethemostwonderfulflowerIhadeverseen.Itwas,asIlaterlearned,apeony(牡丹).Iwasso23．thatIwasgoingtobuymyselfflowers.I'd24．donethisbefore.Onthewayhome,IwonderedwhyIhadneverreallybeen25．toanyflowersbefore.26．,I'dbeenonthisearthforoverhalfacentury.27．inEngland,myimmigrant(移民)familyviewedflowersas28．sincesurvivalwasourpriority.Dadworkedontherailways,andMom,beforeher29．,workedinafactory.Oursmallgardenwasfilledwithvegetables30．flowers,asMomandDadoftensaid,"Thesewillkeepusaliveifwecan'tgetthemfromthe31．."Wealsobuiltanundergroundoven(烤爐),whereMomandDadwouldmakeflatbread(薄面餅).Thesmellofthisflatbread32．usandanchored(使扎根)ustoourlivesinEngland.WhenMother'sDaycame,Momwouldsay,"Whywastemoneyonflowers?They'lljustdie.Buyshoesorcoatsinstead."So,wekidsmadefoodforherathome.Mymother33．yearsagoafteralongillness.Ifshewerestillalivetoday,she'dprobably34．herheadatmeforbuyingflowers.35．,IstillwishI'dhadthechancetoshowherthisbeautifulflowerandbuyitforheronMother'sDay21．A．holdingup B．pickingup C．turningup D．givingup22．A．spotted B．examined C．predicted D．expected23．A．shocked B．pleased C．embarrassed D．confused24．A．a(chǎn)lways B．frequently C．never D．occasionally25．A．used B．a(chǎn)dapted C．introduced D．drawn26．A．AfterallB．AboveallC．Infact D．Bycontrast27．A．BreakingdownB．GrowingupC．Breakingaway D．Movingup28．A．unfamiliar B．uncommon C．unnecessary D．unattractive29．A．retirement B．illness C．promotion D．a(chǎn)ccident30．A．infavorofB．incontrasttoC．a(chǎn)longwith D．insteadof31．A．shop B．garden C．forest D．farm32．A．a(chǎn)lerted B．a(chǎn)ttracted C．comforted D．challenged33．A．pulledthroughB．passedawayC．gaveup D．steppedaside34．A．scratch B．nod C．shake D．raise35．A．However B．Therefore C．Moreover D．Meanwhile四、第三部分語言運(yùn)用，第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分,滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。（注意：用0.5毫米黑色筆跡的簽字筆將答案寫在答題卡上，寫在本試卷上無效。）Thereisargumentoverthetermhanfu,assomescholarspreferhuafu;"Hua"representstheChinesenation,all56ofitsethnic(民族的)groups36．(include).However,sinceHan,ChinesearethedominantethnicgroupinChina.37．(basic),peoplerefertoancientChineseclothingashanfu.Tothe38．(train)eye,hanfu,theJapanesekimonoandtheKoreanhanbokmaylookalike.However,eachhasdistinctivedesignelements,historical39．(origin),andculturalsignificanceunique40．theirrespectivecountries.Herearesomeoftheuniquefeaturesofthespecialtypeofclothes.AncientChineseclothingwasverylightweight.Peopletendtobelieve41．a(chǎn)ncientChineseclothingwasbulkyandheavy.Althoughsomegarments(衣服)wereindeedcomplicatedandlayered,manytraditionalclothes,especially42．madeofsilk,weredesignedtobelightweightandcomfortable.PuttingonhanfuwithproperceremonywasimportantinancientChinesesociety,asitwasaway43．(distinguish)socialroles.Atthattime,rulesonhowtowear,fold,andtiegarments44．(follow)carefullytoprojectanimageofgrace,modesty,andrespect.Today,someoftheflowersofthehanfurevivalmovementadopt45．sameprinciples.五、第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié),滿分40分）46．每個人都應(yīng)胸懷大志，胸懷大志意味著有自己的夢想和抱負(fù)。具有目標(biāo)和實(shí)際的夢想和抱負(fù)是我們前行的動力和保障。請你按照以下要求用英文寫一篇小短文，以LetMy...DreamFlyHigh為題，陳述一下你的志向及行動計劃。提示:Whatisyourdream?Whycanitbeyourdream?Howareyougoingtoachieveit?Rightnow…Inthefuture…參考詞語:study,exercise/practice,skills,become,cometrue要求及注意事項(xiàng)：

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5.詞數(shù)：不少于70詞。(開頭已給出，但不計入總詞數(shù)。)Dreamandhopecanbeveryimportanttoaperson'sdevelopment.It'sthesametousmiddleschoolstudentswhoarestudyingforourfuture.47．讀后續(xù)寫Itisnaturalthateverystudentremembersthefirstdayatschoolwell.ItgavemeaterriblefeelingoffearandanxietybutIalsomadeagoodfriend.WhenIwasoftheschool-goingage,itwasmymotherwhofirstthoughtofsendingmetoschool.WhensheexpresseditIthoughtthatshewasaheartlesswoman.Itseemedtomethatmyhappydaysofplayingwithmytoysweretakenfrommeforever.AsIwenttoschoolwithmyfather,mymindwasdisturbedatfirst.AlthoughIhadheardaboutschool,Ihadnotvisiteditearlier.Myfathertookmetoschoolwhichwasanunknownplaceforme.Teachersandstudentswerestrangerstome.WhenIenteredtheschoolIfeltnervous.Itwasabigbuildingwithtallwalls.Theatmosphereoftheschoolwascalmandquiet.However,asasmallchildIcouldnotfeelstableatthesightofthebuilding.Iwasnotacquaintedwithsuchatmosphereearlier.Itwasanoldandfamousschoolinourcommunity.Myfatherwasastudentthereinhischildhoodandyouth.Theheadmasterwaswellknowntomyfatherandgreetedhimwithasmile.Myfatherintroducedmetotheheadmasterandrequestedhimtoadmitmetotheschool.ThenIwasadmittedasastudent.Theheadmasterallowedmetoattendtheclass.Ibecamenervous.Myfatherleftmeatthedoorofaclassroomandwentaway.Iwasabouttocry.Finally,Imadeupmymindandknockedatthedoor.Aladyallowedmein.Itwasaclassroomfilledwithstudentsofallsize.TheylookedatmecuriouslyandIjustwantedtofindaplacetohide.TheladyledmetoadeskbehindagirlnamedJaneandaskedustointroduceourselvesonebyone.注意：(1)續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右;(2)請按如下格式作答。

答案解析部分1．A2．B3．B本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，介紹了四項(xiàng)不同年代流行的健身運(yùn)動。

考查閱讀理解，包含細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題，是一篇介紹類閱讀，注意先略讀文章，掌握文章大意，再分析題干及選項(xiàng)，到文中找到相關(guān)內(nèi)容并進(jìn)行理解。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Aerobics—1970s部分中的"Aerobicstookofftoimprovethecardiovascular(心血管)systeminafunwayanddancemoveswerecombinedwithfitnessmovements,suchaslegraisesandmarchinginplace."健美操開始以一種有趣的方式改善心血管系統(tǒng)，舞蹈動作與健身運(yùn)動相結(jié)合，如抬腿和原地踏步?？芍?，健美操結(jié)合了舞蹈的動作。故選A。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Spinning—1990s部分中的"Colorchanginglights,high-energymusicandenthusiasticinstructorshaveturnedspinclassesintoalivelygroupactivitywhichhasattractedfansaroundtheworld."變色的燈光、充滿活力的音樂和熱情的教練將動感單車變成了一項(xiàng)充滿活力的團(tuán)體活動，吸引了世界各地的粉絲；以及CrossFit—2000s部分中的"CrossFithasbeenateamfavoriteinthefitnessscenesincethe2000s."自2000年代以來，混合健身一直是健身界的團(tuán)隊(duì)最愛?？芍?，Spinning動感單車和CrossFit混合健身都可以成為團(tuán)體運(yùn)動。故選B。3．推理判斷題。根據(jù)HIIT—2020s部分中的"Itcanbedonethroughfreeonlineclasseswithoutanyequipment,makingitanaffordableworkoutathome."它可以通過免費(fèi)的在線課程完成，不需要任何設(shè)備，使其成為一種負(fù)擔(dān)得起的在家鍛煉?？芍琀IIT間歇訓(xùn)練可以在家跟著網(wǎng)上免費(fèi)課程訓(xùn)練，所以這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動是非常經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)惠且方便開展的。故選B。4．B5．D6．D7．C本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了英國童書再版遭大量改刪引起爭議。

本題考點(diǎn)涉及推理判斷，詞義猜測和主旨大意三個題型的考查，是一篇新聞報道，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。4．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第一段"PuffinBooks,thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahl'sclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandTheWitches,cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirehoicetocutouthundredsofimpolitewordssuchas‘fat'and‘ugly'inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders."今年2月，英國作家RoaldDahl的經(jīng)典童書如MatildaandTheWitches的出版商海雀圖書公司因在RoaldDahl的精選小說中刪去"胖"、"丑"等數(shù)百個不禮貌的詞匯，使其更容易被現(xiàn)代讀者接受而受到抨擊。提到，海雀圖書公司出版的RoaldDahl精選小說中刪除了數(shù)百個不禮貌的詞匯；以及第二段中的"AlthoughthepublisherarguedthattheyweremeanttoallowDahl'shookstocontinuetobeenjoyedbyalltoday,manypeoplewerestillangeredbythepractice."盡管出版商聲稱他們的目的是讓Dahl的書繼續(xù)為今天的所有人所欣賞，但許多人仍然對這種做法感到憤怒?？赏浦?，"thepractice"指上文提到的海雀圖書公司從RoaldDahl的故事中刪除了一些粗魯?shù)脑~語。故選B。5．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的"Ifwestarttochangeandadaptthegreatworksinsteadofallowingreaderstoreceiveandreacttobooksaswritten,weriskdestroyingthebeautythatliteratureoffers."如果我們開始改變和改編偉大的作品，而不是讓讀者接受并對所寫的書做出反應(yīng)，我們就有可能破壞文學(xué)所提供的美?？芍?，SuzanneNossel不同意改編偉大的作品，他認(rèn)為它們應(yīng)該原封不動地保存下來，故選D。6．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段"Personally,Ibelieveintheintelligenceofchildrentoexploretheworldaroundthem.Itisthejobofteachers,parentsandthatotheradultguardianstohelpchildrenunderstandthatbooksareproductsoftheirtimesandthatauthors-eventhebestamongthem-arehumanbeingswiththeirownflaws(缺點(diǎn))."就我個人而言，我相信孩子們探索周圍世界的智慧。教師、家長和其他成年監(jiān)護(hù)人有責(zé)任幫助孩子們理解，書籍是他們所處時代的產(chǎn)物，而作者——即使是他們當(dāng)中最優(yōu)秀的作家——也是有其缺點(diǎn)的人?？芍?，作者認(rèn)為孩子有探索事物的智慧，成年人應(yīng)幫助他們理解書籍是時代的產(chǎn)物，即使是偉大的作者也有缺點(diǎn)，可推斷作者反對改編Dahl的作品，故選D。7．考查主旨大意。根據(jù)第一段"PuffinBooks,thepublisherofUKwriterRoaldDahl'sclassicchildren'sbookslikeMatildaandTheWitches,cameunderfireinFebruaryduetotheirehoicetocutouthundredsofimpolitewordssuchas‘fat'and‘ugly'inRoaldDahl'sstoriestomakethemmoreacceptabletomodernreaders."今年2月，英國作家RoaldDahl的經(jīng)典童書如MatildaandTheWitches的出版商海雀圖書公司因在RoaldDahl的精選小說中刪去"胖"、"丑"等數(shù)百個不禮貌的詞匯，使其更容易被現(xiàn)代讀者接受而受到抨擊。提出文章的主題，海雀圖書公司從RoaldDahl的故事中刪除了一些粗魯?shù)脑~語，下文是對這一做法不同的態(tài)度，"偉大的作品：要不要重寫"適合做文章的標(biāo)題，故選C。8．D9．B10．D11．D本文是一篇說明文，介紹了抑郁癥的形成過程以及科學(xué)家們對治療抑郁癥的藥物的研究。

本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，詞義猜測，推理判斷和篇章結(jié)構(gòu)四個題型的考查，是一篇醫(yī)學(xué)類閱讀，通讀全文，理解文章大意，閱讀題目后返回原文閱讀并找出與題目相對應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，仔細(xì)核對，選擇符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次閱讀并檢查。8．考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第二段"Inthepasttwodecades,researchershavetieddepressiontoaseeminglyunrelatedcondition:inflammation(炎癥),thebody'snaturalresponsetostress.Itcouldrisefrominjuryorinflection,orevenemotionalissueslikeanunhappymarriageorproblemsatwork.Someamountofinflammationisgenerallybeneficial,asitincreasesproductionofcytokines(致癌因子)，proteinsthathelpushealandprotectusfromtheeffectsofoverwork."在過去的二十年里，研究人員將抑郁癥與一種看似無關(guān)的疾病聯(lián)系起來：炎癥(炎癥),身體對壓力的自然反應(yīng)。它可能是由傷害或變化引起的，甚至是情感問題，如婚姻不幸福或工作中的問題。一定量的炎癥通常是有益的，因?yàn)樗鼤黾蛹?xì)胞因子的產(chǎn)生，細(xì)胞因子是幫助我們愈合并保護(hù)我們免受過度工作影響的蛋白質(zhì)；以及第三段"Butexcessivecytokinelevels,andtheinflammationtheybringon,couldcomeatacost—anumberofstudiessuggeststhathighlevelsofcytokinescouldcontributetodepression."但過度的細(xì)胞因子水平及其引發(fā)的炎癥可能是有代價的——許多研究表明，高水平的細(xì)胞因子可能會導(dǎo)致抑郁癥?？芍?，感染導(dǎo)致炎癥，而炎癥產(chǎn)生致癌因子，而過量的致癌因子導(dǎo)致抑郁癥，故選D。9．考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)第三段知道"cytokinelevels,andtheinflammationtheybringon,couldcomeatacost—anumberofstudiessuggeststhathighlevelsofcytokinescouldcontributetodepression."可知，但是致癌因子水平過高，以及由此引發(fā)的炎癥，可能以一定的代價出現(xiàn)，研究表明致癌因子水平過高可能會導(dǎo)致抑郁癥，可推知畫線詞excessive的意思是"過量的、過多的"，故選B。10．考查推理判斷。根據(jù)最后一段中的"Heandhiscolleagueswantedtoseewhethertheeffectofthesedrugswaslimitedtothedepressionpatientswithhighcytokinelevels,orifithelpedallpeoplediagnosedwithdepression."可知，AndrewMiller教授和他的同事們想知道這些藥物的效果是否僅限于致癌因子水平高的抑郁癥患者或是否對所有被診斷為抑郁癥的人都有幫助，可推斷，在抑郁癥得到滿意的治療之前還有很長的路要走（很多工作要做），故選D。11．考查篇章結(jié)構(gòu)。通讀全文可知，第一段為總論，指出抑郁癥是一種非常可怕的疾病，很多患者對治療抑郁癥的藥物都沒有反應(yīng)，第二、三段介紹了為抑郁癥的形成過程，第四段介紹了致癌因子通過幾種途徑到達(dá)大腦，第五段介紹了科學(xué)家們研究治療抑郁癥的藥物，故選D。12．A13．C14．B15．D本文是一篇說明文，介紹了一個總部位于加利福尼亞州的公司探索了創(chuàng)建世界上第一家太空酒店的想法。

本題考點(diǎn)涉及細(xì)節(jié)理解，推理判斷和標(biāo)題歸納三個題型的考查，是一篇科技類閱讀，要求考生在捕捉細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，進(jìn)一步根據(jù)上下文的邏輯關(guān)系，進(jìn)行分析，推理，概括和歸納，從而選出正確答案。

12．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"It'sreportedthatonecompanyisaimingtomakespacearealityforpeople,andispioneeringanewageofspacetourism.In2019,theCalifornia-basedcompanyGatewayFoundationfirstexploredtheidea.Itsdreamwastomakevisitingspace,inexcellentaccommodation,afuturevacationchoice."據(jù)報道，一家公司正致力于讓太空成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，并開創(chuàng)了太空旅游的新時代。2019年，總部設(shè)在加州的GatewayFoundation，首次探索了這個想法。它的夢想就是讓游覽空間，在極好的住宿條件下，成為未來度假的選擇。可知，GatewayFoundation目的是要建一個太空酒店，故選A。13．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的"Theteamisalsotakingadvantageofthereducedgravitythatwillbefeltinthestationtoplantolettheirguestsweightlesslycarryheavyobjects,jumphigherorrunfasterinwayspeoplecan'tnormallydoonEarth."研究小組還利用空間站的減重效應(yīng)，計劃讓他們的客人在沒有重力的情況下攜帶重物、跳得更高或跑得更快，這些是人們在地球上通常無法做到的?？芍琕oyager太空站小組利用空間站的減重效應(yīng)，計劃讓客人在沒有重力的情況下攜帶重物、跳得更高或跑得更快，可推知，這個團(tuán)隊(duì)打算利用減重力為客人提供一些消遣活動，故選C。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段"GravitywillremainintheroomsandbarsthoughbecauseVoyagerStation'sscientificdesignmakesitpossiblebycreatingartificialgravitywithinthehotel.Thehotelisdesignedasawheelthatwillsteadilymoveandcreatesimulated(模擬的)gravitationalforce,muchlikewhenaglassofwaterisspunaround,thewaterdoesn'tpourout.Thehotel'sguestswon'tfeelmuchdifferentthanbeingonahugeshipsteadilymoving."重力將留在房間和酒吧，因?yàn)槁眯姓呖臻g站的科學(xué)設(shè)計可以在酒店內(nèi)創(chuàng)造人造重力。酒店被設(shè)計成一個輪子，它可以穩(wěn)定地移動并產(chǎn)生模擬的引力，就像一杯水在周圍旋轉(zhuǎn)時，水不會倒出來。旅館的客人們不會感到有什么不同，就像坐在一艘巨大的船上一直在移動?？芍?，房間和酒吧的重力是科學(xué)設(shè)計的人造重力，會讓旅客感覺就像是在平穩(wěn)行駛的輪船上一樣，可推知，房間和酒吧的重力讓旅客感到舒服，故選B。15．標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第二段中的"It'sreportedthatonecompanyisaimingtomakespacearealityforpeople,andispioneeringanewageofspacetourism.In2019,theCalifornia-basedcompanyGatewayFoundationfirstexploredtheidea.Itsdreamwastomakevisitingspace,inexcellentaccommodation,afuturevacationchoice."據(jù)報道，一家公司正致力于讓太空成為現(xiàn)實(shí)，并開創(chuàng)了太空旅游的新時代。2019年，總部設(shè)在加州的Gateway基金會，首次探索了這個想法。它的夢想就是讓游覽空間，在極好的住宿條件下，成為未來度假的選擇；以及第三段中的"SpacetourismdrawscloserasOrbitalAssemblyCorporationhasannouncedplanstobuildtheworld'sfirstspacehotelnamed‘VoyagerStation',whichisexpectedtoopenin2027."隨著軌道組裝公司宣布計劃建造世界上第一家太空酒店"旅行者號"，太空旅游業(yè)也隨之走近，該酒店預(yù)計將于2027年開業(yè)。可知，本文介紹了總部位于加利福尼亞州的GatewayFoundation公司探索了創(chuàng)建世界上第一家太空酒店的想法，這個太空酒店計劃于2027年開張。"FirstSpaceHotel即將開業(yè)"適合作本文標(biāo)題，故選D。16．E；17．F；18．B；19．A；20．G本文是一篇新聞報道，報道了草編藝術(shù)的起源、草編過程、現(xiàn)狀以及對未來發(fā)展的展望。

考查七選五，本文是一篇新聞報道，要求在理解細(xì)節(jié)信息的基礎(chǔ)上，著重考查對上下文的理解和推理判斷能力。16．根據(jù)空前"What'sthefirstthingthatpopsintoyourmindwhenyouthinkofwheatstraw?"當(dāng)你想到麥秸時，你首先想到的是什么？可知，作者以問句的方式引出本文關(guān)于麥秸的話題；以及空后"However,WuCui,anintangibleculturalinheritor,canturnthestrawleftoverfromharvestedwheatintobeautifulandeye-catchingfunctionalartworks."然而，吳翠作為無形文化傳承者，卻能把收獲小麥留下的秸稈，變成美觀醒目的功能性藝術(shù)品?？芍瑓谴淝懊嫣岬降娜瞬煌?，把麥秸變成了藝術(shù)品，E.Mostpeoplewouldprobablyjustseeitasapileofwasteinafarmer'sfiel