考研英語二閱讀模擬題目及答案

PassageOne

Afterabusydayofworkandplay,thebodyneedstorest.Sleepisnecessaryforgoodhealth.Duringthistime,thebody

recoversfromtheactivitiesofthepreviousday.Therestthatyougetwhilesleepingenablesyourbodytoprepareitselffor

thenextday.

Therearefourlevelsofsleep,eachbeingalittledeeperthantheonebefore.Asyousleep,yourmusclesrelaxlittle

bylittle.Yourheartbeatsmoreslowly,andyourbrainslowsdown.Afteryoureachthefourthlevel,yourbodyshiftsback

andforthfromonelevelofsleeptotheother.

Althoughyourmindslowsdown,fromtimetotimeyouwilldream.Scientistswhostudysleepstatethatwhen

dreamingoccurs,youreyeballsbegintomovemorequickly(Althoughyoureyelidsareclosed).Thisstageofsleepiscalled

REM,whichstandsforrapideyemovement.

Ifyouhavetroublefallingasleep,somepeoplerecommendbreathingverydeeply.Otherpeoplebelievethat

drinkingwarmmilkwillhelpmakeyoudrowsy.Thereisalsoanoldsuggestionthecountingsheepwillputyoutosleep!

1.Agoodtitleforthispassageis.

[A]Sleep[B]GoodHealth[C]Dreams[D]WorkandRest

2.Theworddrowsyinthelastparagraphmeans.

[A]sick[B]standup[C]asleep[D]alittlesleepy

3.Thispassagesuggeststhatnotgettingenoughsleepmightmakeyou.

[A]dreammoreoften[B]havepoorhealth[C]nervous[D]breathequickly

4.DuringREM,.

[A]youreyesmovequickly[B]youdream[C]youarcrestless[D]bothAandB

5.Theaveragenumberofhoursofsleepthatanadultneedsis.

[A]approximatelysixhours[B]aroundtenhours[C]abouteighthours[D]notstatedhere

標(biāo)準(zhǔn)答案：

1：A文章的第一段談到睡眠能使身體健康，第二段、第三段談到睡眠的幾種狀態(tài)，最后一段談到很快入睡

的幾種方法。因此整篇文章都圍繞睡眠而談，因此A為正確答案。

2:Ddrowsy:瞌睡的，想睡的。因?yàn)樯弦痪涞囊馑际牵骸叭绻闼X有困難的話，有人建議慢慢的深深

呼吸?！本o接著作者說：“另外一些人認(rèn)為喝熱牛奶能使你…，根據(jù)上下文應(yīng)該選“瞌睡的”，因此只有D最

符合題意。sick:有病的；standup:起立。asleep:睡著的。

3：B答案在文章的第一段第二句話：“Sleepisnecessaryforgoodhealth.”意思是：“睡眠有利于身體健康?！?/p>

因此本句的意思是睡眠不足有害健康。只有B最符合題意。

4：D答案在第三段第二句話："Scientistswhostudysleepstatethatwhendreamingoccursyoureyeballsbeginto

movemorequickly."意思是："研究睡眠的科學(xué)家指出一個人做夢的時候眼球移動速度加快?！币虼苏_答案為

Do

5：D文章中沒有談到成年人的平均睡眠時間。

PassageTwo

Imaginingbeingaskedtospendtwelveorsoyearsofyourlifeinasocietywhichconsistedonlyofmembersofownsex.

Howwouldyoureact?Unlesstherewassomethingdefinitelywrongwithyou,youwouldn'tbetoohappyaboutit,tosay

theleast.Itisallthemoresurprisingthereforethatsomanyparentsintheworldchoosetoimposesuchabnormalconditions

ontheirchildren-conditionswhichtheythemselveswouldn'tputupwithforoneminute!

Anydiscussionofthistopicisboundtoquestiontheaimsofeducation.Stuffingchildren'sheadsfullofknowledgeis

farfrombeingforemostamongthem.Oneofthechiefaimsofeducationsistoequipfuturecitizenswithalltheyrequireto

taketheirplaceinadultsociety.Nowadultsocietyismadeupofmenandwomen,sohowcanasegregatedschoolpossibly

offertherightsortofpreparationforit?Anyoneenteringadultsocietyafteryearsofsegregationcanonlybeinforashock.

Aco-educationalschoolofferschildrennothinglessthanatrueversionofsocietyinminiature.Boysandgirlsaregiven

theopportunitytogettoknoweachother,tolearntolivetogetherfromtheirearliestyears.Theyareputinapositionwhere

theycancomparethemselveswitheachotherintermsofacademicability,athleticachievementandmanyofthe

extra-curricularactivitieswhicharepartofschoollife.Whatapracticaladvantageitis(togivejustasmallexample)tobe

abletoputonaschoolplayinwhichthemalepartswillbetakenbyboysandthefemalepartsbygirls!Whatnonsense

co-educationmakesoftheargumentthatboysareclevererthangirlorvice-versa.Whensegregated,boysandgirlsaremade

tofeelthattheyarcaraceapart.Rivalrybetweenthesexesisfostered.Inacoeducationalschool,everythingfallsintoits

properplace.

Butperhapsthegreatestcontributionofco-cducationisthehealthyattitudetolifeitencourages.Boysdon，tgrowup

believingthatwomenaremysteriouscreatures-airygoddesses,morelikebook-illustrationstoafairy-tale,thanhuman

beings.Girlsdon'tgrowupimaginingthatmenarcromanticheroes.Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldispelillusionsof

thiskind.Therearenogoddesseswithfreckles,pigtails,piercingvoicesandinkyfingers.Therearenoromanticheroeswith

knobblyknees,dirtyfingernailsandunkempthair.Theawkwardstageofadolescencebringsintosharpfocussomeofthe

physicalandemotionalproblemsinvolvedingrowingup.Thesecanbetterbeovercomeinaco-educationalenvironment.

Segregatedschoolssometimesprovidetherightconditionsforsexualdeviation.Thisishardlypossibleundera

co-educationalsystem.WTienthetimecomesforthepupilstoleaveschool,theyarefullypreparedtoentersocietyas

well-adjustedadults.Theyhavealreadyhadyearsofexperienceincopingwithmanyoftheproblemsthatfacemenand

women.

1.Whatisthebesttitleforthispassage?

[A]onlyco-educationcanbeinharmonywithsociety.

[B]peopleareingreatneedofco-education.

[C]anyformofeducationotherthanco-educationissimplyunthinkable.

[D]co-cducationhasmanyfeatures.

2.whatdoesco-educationoffertochildren?

[A]Asociety.

四Atruesmallmodelofsociety.

[C]Areallife.

[D]Trueversionofsocialcondition.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whatisoneofthechiefaimsofeducation?

[A]Itisforstudentstoacquireknowledge.

[B]Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithscientifictechnology7.

[C]Itistoequipfuturecitizenswithwhatisrequiredingettingapositioninsociety.

[D]Itisforstudentstogetacademicachievements.

4.Whydoboysandgirlsinco-educationhavenoillusionabouteachother?

[A]Theylivetogetherandknoweachothertoowell.

[B]Yearsoflivingtogetheratschooldismisssuchillusion.

[C]co-educationencouragethemtohaveanhealthyattitudetowardlife.

[D]Theyarefamiliarwitheachother；sproblems.

答案詳解

l.c除了男女合校，其他形式的教育簡直難以想象。答案見第一段“設(shè)想請你在一個只有你一樣性別的

人存在的社會生活12年光景，你會如何反應(yīng)呢？除非你本人確實(shí)有毛病，否則，你至少不會太高興。因此，世

界上有那么多的父母愿意把這種不正常的環(huán)境（他們自己一分鐘都受不了的環(huán)境）強(qiáng)加給他們的孩子們，這太令

人驚訝！”第二段講“教育的目的之一就是為未來的公民在成人社會中找一席之地，準(zhǔn)備好需要的一切。而社會

由男女組成，那分校又怎能準(zhǔn)備？”后兩段講合校之優(yōu)點(diǎn)，分校之缺點(diǎn)，具體對比突出主題。這都說明C最合

適。A.只有合校才能和社會相協(xié)調(diào)。D.合校有許多特點(diǎn)。這兩項(xiàng)文章內(nèi)容涉及到，但作為最佳標(biāo)題則不確切。

B.人們非常需要合校。文內(nèi)沒有直接談到。

2.B一個真實(shí)社會的縮影。這在第三段第一句"男女合校確實(shí)能給孩子們提供一個社會真實(shí)的縮

影?！毕旅娴膬?nèi)容都是圍繞這個主題而寫的具體情況。如：生活在一起，彼此了解，對比等。A.社會。C.

一種真實(shí)的生活。D.真實(shí)的社會情況。都沒有B項(xiàng)那樣確切。

3.C為未來公民在社會上擁有一席之地，準(zhǔn)備好所需要的一切。這在第二段“這個話題的討論必然會

引出教育目的的問題。把各種知識塞進(jìn)孩子頭腦遠(yuǎn)不是教育主要的目的，教育的主要目的之一是為未來公民在成

人社會求得一席之地，準(zhǔn)備好所需一切?！盇.學(xué)生學(xué)到只是。B.以科技武裝未來公民。C.為學(xué)生缺德學(xué)術(shù)成就。

都只是知識學(xué)習(xí)的一個部分。

4.B幾年學(xué)校共同生活打消了幻想。答案在第四段中，"在學(xué)校中，幾年生活在一起消除這一類的幻想。

沒有什么臉上有雀斑，梳著鞭子，涂著指甲，尖的噪音的女神，也沒有膝部有疙瘩，指甲臟兮兮，頭發(fā)亂蓬蓬的

浪漫英雄。棘手的青春期明顯呈現(xiàn)出來的成長過程中身體上和感情上的問題，在男女合校環(huán)境中得到很好的解

決?！?/p>

A.他們生活在一起，彼此太了解。此答案太過，不是太了解而不產(chǎn)生幻想，而是了解情況；真人就在眼前，人

就實(shí)際了，消除了幻想。C.合校鼓勵他們對生活有一種健康積極的態(tài)度。這是合校的大方向，不是消除幻想的

根本原因。D.他們熟悉彼此的問題。不全是消除幻想之因，而是處理問題的前奏。這在最后一段最后兩句話有

說明“當(dāng)學(xué)生離校的時刻來到時，他們已是很有適應(yīng)性的成人，為進(jìn)入社會做好了充分準(zhǔn)備。他們已有幾年處理

面臨男女的許多問題的經(jīng)驗(yàn)?！?/p>

PassageThree

Theinternet,e-commerceandglobalizationaremakinganeweconomicerapossible.Tnthefuture,capitalist

marketswilllargelybereplacedbyanewkindofeconomicsystembasedonnetworkedrelationships,contractual

arrangementsandaccessrights.

Hasthequalityofourlivesatwork,athomeandinourcommunitiesincreasedindirectproportiontoallthenew

internetandbusiness-to-businessinternetservicesbeingintroducedintoourlives?Ihaveaskedthisquestionofhundreds

ofCEOsandcorporateexecutivesinEuropeandtheUnitedStates.Surprisingly,virtuallyeveryonehassaid,“No,quite

contrary."Theverypeopleresponsibleforusheringinwhatsomehavecalledaatechnologicalrenaissancewsaythey

arcworkinglongerhours,feelmorestressed,aremoreimpatient,andarcevenlesscivilintheirdealingswithcolleagues

andfriends—nottomentionstrangers.Andwhat'smorerevealing,theyplacemuchoftheblameontheverysame

technologiestheyarcsoaggressivelychampioning.

Thetechnogurus（領(lǐng)袖）promisedusthataccesswouldmakelifemoreconvenientandgiveusmoretime.Instead,

theverytechnologicalwondersthatweresupposedtoliberateushavebeguntoenslaveusinawebofconnectionsfrom

whichthereseemstobenoeasyescape.

Ifanearliergenerationwaspreoccupiedwiththequesttoencloseavastgeographicfrontier,the.comgeneration,it

seems,ismorecaughtupinthecolonizationoftime.Everysparemomentofourtimeisbeingfilledwithsomeformof

commercialconnection,makingtimeitselfthemostscarceofallresources.Oure-mail,voicemailandcellphones,our

24-hourinteractnewsandentertainmentallseizeforourattention.

Andwhilewehavecreatedeverykindoflabor-andtime-savingdevicetoserviceourneeds,wearebeginningtofeel

likewehavelesstimeavailabletousthananyotherhumansinhistoryThatisbecausethegreatproliferationof

labor-and-timc-savingsendeesonlyincreasesthediversity,paceandflowofcommodifiedactivityaroundus.Forexample,

e-mailisagreatconvenience.However,wenowfindourselvesspendingmuchofourdayfranticallyrespondingtoeach

other'selectronicmessages.Thecellphoneisagreattime-saver,exceptnowwearealwayspotentiallyinreachof

someoneelsewhowantsourattention.

Socialconservativestalkaboutthedeclineincivilityandblameitonthelossofamoralcompassandreligiousvalues.

Hasanyonebotheredtoaskwhetherthehyperspeedcultureismakingallofuslesspatientandlesswillingtolistenand

defer,considerandreflect?

Maybeweneedtoaskwhatkindsofconnectionsreallycountandwhattypesofaccessreallymatterinthe

c-cconomyera.Ifthisnewtechnology7revolutionisonlyabouthyperefficiency,thenwcrisklosingsomethingeven

preciousthantime-oursenseofwhatitmeanstobeacaringhumanbeing.

1.Accordingtothepassage,corporateexecutivesthinkthat

[A]technology7renaissanceshouldbepushedforward.

[B]technologyhasaprofoundimpactontheirlives.

[C]technologyactuallyresultsinadeclineintheirlifequality.

[D]technology7shouldbeaggressivelychampioned.

2.WhichofthefoUowingisNOTtrue?

[A]Technologywassupposedtofreepeople.

[B]The.comgenerationbecameslavesoftechnology.

[C]Newtechnologiesoccupymuchofourtime.

[D]Itisdifficulttoavoidtheinfluenceoftechnologywonders.

3.Whatisthemostvaluableresourceforthe.comgeneration?

[A]Technologicalwonders.

[B]Accesstoinformation.

[C]Time.

[D]Timesavingdevices.

4.Inthesixthparagraph,theauthorimpliedthat

[A]socialconservativesblamedthelossofmoralityontechnology.

|B]the.comgenerationwaslesscivilthantheearliergenerations.

[C]thehyperspeedcultureledtothedeclineincivility.

[D]technologv'mightmakepeoplelessimpatient.

5.Anappropriatetitleforthepassagemightbe

[A]TheNewInternetIJfe.

|B]TheDrawbacksoftooMuchAccess.

[C]TheFailureofTechnologicalRenaissance.

[D]TheDecliningQualityofLife.

本文講述了科技帶來的負(fù)面影響。第1段指出網(wǎng)絡(luò)、電子商務(wù)和全球化使新的經(jīng)濟(jì)時代成為可能；

第2段作者通過調(diào)查.指出新科技給人們的生活帶來的負(fù)面影響；第3-6段分析科技從哪些方面

影響人們的生活；第7段表明了作者的看法.一味追求高效率的科技也許會使人們喪失比時間更寶

貴的東西。

1.[C]細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)corporateexecutives定位到第2段。從每個人的回答“沒有，正好相反”可推斷C正確；

公司經(jīng)理們的回答和接下來講到的時間更長，壓力更大，更不耐煩等等可知他們要強(qiáng)調(diào)的是科技給他們帶來的

負(fù)面影響，故A、B、D都可排除。

2.細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。從第3段可知A中的free是文中l(wèi)iberate的同義替換，故A不選；第3段說到網(wǎng)絡(luò)生活開始

奴役我們。但并不是說網(wǎng)絡(luò)一代變成了技術(shù)的奴隸，故B錯誤，為正確答案；從Instead可推知，技術(shù)專家們向

人們保證"使生活變得更方便，節(jié)省更多的時間”的諾言沒有實(shí)現(xiàn)，相反科技的進(jìn)步占用了人們更多的時間，C、

D的說法是正確的。

3.[C]細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)resource定位到第4段第2句。第2句明確指出，各種業(yè)務(wù)占據(jù)了我們的閑暇時光，時

問反倒成了最稀少的資源，故選C。

4.[D]細(xì)節(jié)推斷題。第6段最后一個疑問旬”是不是這種高速文化使大家失去了耐心，不愿意傾聽、服從，不愿

意深思熟慮?”由此可知D正確。該段第1句指明社會保守派將人們變得沒有禮貌歸咎于道德規(guī)范和宗教價值的

淪喪.故A錯誤；B項(xiàng)是社會保守派的觀點(diǎn)，故排除；C"高速文化導(dǎo)致了文明的淪喪”這與該段最后一句是

有出入的，故C也可排除。

5.[B]主旨大意題。文章主要講述了新的科技革命本著為人類節(jié)約時間、節(jié)約能量的宗旨，但事實(shí)上卻給人們

帶來了很多的負(fù)面影響，使人們更加忙碌不堪。A”新的網(wǎng)絡(luò)生活“太過籠統(tǒng)；C”科技復(fù)興的失敗”，不符合

文意；D”生活質(zhì)量的下降”這只是第2段公司經(jīng)理們的觀點(diǎn)，過于片面，故選B。

PassageFour

Openupmostfashionmagazinesandyouwillseeincrediblythinmodelswithimpossiblehairandwearing

unreasonablyexpensive,impracticablystyledclothes.Butshouldn'tclothesbecomfortablydurableandmakeaprinciple

ofbeingsimplefortheindividualwhowearsthem?VCTnyareweconstantlytoldthatweneedtobuynewclothesandadd

freshpiecestoourcollection?

Fashionschangeyearafteryearsolotsofpeoplecanmakepilesofmoney.Iffolksareconvincedthattheyneeda

differentlookeachseason,thatthisyear,ssweater'slengthandshoesstyleareimportant,theycanbepersuadedtobuy.

Thefashionindustrywouldhaveyouignoreyourshortcomingsandjustmakeyoufeelbeautifulandhappy.Infactitis

notonlyaphenomenonwecanfindinpeople'sdressing.

Fashioncontrolsourlives.Fashioncontrolswhatwewear,whatweeat,whatwedrink,thewaywecutourhair,the

makeupwcbuyanduse,thecolorofthecarswcdrive.Fashionevencontrolsourideas.Youdon'tbelieveme?How

manyofyourfriendsarevegetarians?VCTiyaretheyvegetarians?Becauseitisfashionable!

Wheredoesfashioncomefrom?Oftenthereasonsarequitelogical.Scientistsandhistoriansstudythefashionsof

thepastanddiscoverthesecretsofeachfashion.

Whengirlsseeanattractiveguy,theirbloodpressurerisesandtheirlipsbecomeredder.That'swhyguysthinkthat

girlswearinglipstickarebeautiful.

VChydoguysshavetheirheads?Inthepastsoldiersshavedtheirheadstokilltheinsectsthatlivedintheirhair.Now

guysshavetheirheadssothattheylookstrongandmasculine,likesoldiers.

Peoplespendalotoftimeandmoneyonfashion.Butaretheywastingtheirmoney?Changesinfashionhelpto

developnewtechnologies.Changesinstylecreateworkforpeopleallovertheworld.Manypeopleworkinthefashion

industry,particularlyinthefashioncapitalsofLondon,NewYork,ParisandMilan.

Andfinally,fashionmakesyoufeelgood,doesn'tit?Whenyouaredressedinthelateststyle,dancingtothemost

fashionablemusic,afterwatchingthelatesthitfilm,youfeelgreat,don'tyou?

1.What,stheauthor;sviewpointaboutthemodelsandtheirhairstylesandclothes?

[A]Unbiased.

[B]Indifferent.

[C]Critical.

[D]Appreciative.

2.Itisindicatedbytheauthorthatclothesshouldbe

[A]comfortableanddurable.

[B]newandfresh.

[C]expensiveandfashionable.

[D]simpleandunique

3.Thefashionindustrymakesprofitsby

[A]sellingtheproductsathighprices.

[B]creatinganeedinyou.

[C]helpingyougetridofyourshortcomings.

[D]makingyoulookmorebeautiful.

4.Theauthorthinkswhathasbeenfoundaboutfashionsbythescientistsandthehistoriansis

[A]incredible.

[B]amazing.

[C]reasonable.

[D]creative.

5.ThepassagementionstheadvantagesoffashionEXCEPTthat

[A]itcanhelppromotetechnologicaldevelopment.

[B]itenablespeopletoremainup-to-date.

[C]itcancreatemorejobopportunitiesforpeople.

[D]itcanmakepeopleachieveagreatfeeling.

本文圍繞時尚這一話題展開論述。首段幾個反問句表明作者對時裝雜志上的模特兒及他們的發(fā)式和服飾持否定的

態(tài)度：第2-4段敘述了時尚給人們的穿著、生活所帶來的影響；第5-7段表明時尚起因有其邏輯性，通過對以

往時尚的研究，科學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家揭示了時尚的奧秘；最后兩段講述了時尚所帶來的積極影響。

1.[C]觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第1段的incredibly,impossible,unreasonably,impracticably等詞，可以看出作者對時裝雜

志上的模特兒及他們的發(fā)式和服飾持不認(rèn)可的態(tài)度。

2.[A]細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。第1段最后兩個問句表明了作者認(rèn)為衣服應(yīng)該是comfortablydurable,而不應(yīng)該一味追求new

或者flesh,A正確。

3.[B]推理判斷題。本題考查復(fù)合句的理解。第2段首句提到“時尚一年一年地變化，因此很多人可以賺大把的

錢”，后面再具體說明商人是如何通過時尚賺錢的。第2句表明，時尚業(yè)能使人們覺得需要某種東西，也就是

選項(xiàng)B所說的。選項(xiàng)A在文中并無提及，選項(xiàng)C和D的陳述與本段的倒數(shù)第2句不符。

4.[C]推理判斷題。第5段第2句中的logical表明作者認(rèn)為科學(xué)家和歷史學(xué)家的研究結(jié)果是可信的，有道理的，

因此C為正確選項(xiàng)。雖然下面所舉的兩個例子看起來很有趣，但是作者重點(diǎn)不是為了說明這些研究結(jié)果的有趣

程度，而是為了說明時尚的起因都是符合邏輯的。

5.[B]細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。選項(xiàng)A和C分別在倒數(shù)第2段第3.4句提到，選項(xiàng)D在最后一段提到。只有選項(xiàng)B在文中

沒有提及。

PassageFive

Dependingonwhomyouask,theexperimentannouncedataTexasmedicalconferencelastweekwasapotential

breakthroughforinfertilewomen,atragicfailureoradangerousstepclosertothenightmarescenarioofhumancloning.

There'struthtoallthesepointsofview.InfertilitywasclearlythemotivationwhenChinesedoctorsusedanew

techniquetohelponeoftheircountrywomengetpregnant.Unlikesomeinfertilewomen,the30-year-oldpatientproduced

eggsjustfine,andthoseeggscouldbefertilisedbysperm.Buttheyneverdevelopedproperly,largelybecauseofdefectsin

partsoftheeggoutsidethefertilizednucleus.SousingatechniquedevelopedbyDr.JamesGrifoatNewYorkUniversity,

Dr.ZhuangGuan^unofSunYat-senUniversityinGuangzhoutookthepatienfsfertilizedegg,scoopedoutthe

chromosome-bearingnuclearmaterialandputitinadonatedeggwhosenucleushadbeenremoved.Inthismorebenign

environment,developmentproceedednormally,andthewomanbecamepregnantwithtripletswhocarriedamixofher

DMAandherhusband*s—prettymuchlikeanynormalbaby.

Whathassomedoctorsandethicistsupsetisthatthisso-callednuclear-transfertechniquehasalsobeenusedto

produceclones,startingwithDollythesheep.Theonlysignificantdifferenceisthatwithcloning,theinsertednucleuscomes

fromasingle,usuallyadult,cell,andtheresultingoffspringisgeneticallyidenticaltotheparent.Doingthatwithhumansis

ethicallyrepugnanttomany.Besides,forreasonsthataren'tyetwellunderstood,clonedanimalsoftenabortspontaneouslyor

arebornwithdefects;Dollydiedveryyoung,thoughshehadseemedhealthy.AndbecausetheChinesewoman'stwinswere

bornprematurelyanddied(thethirdtripletwasremovedearlyontoimprovechancesfortheremainingtwo),criticshave

suggestedthatcloningandnucleartransferareequallyriskyforhumans.

Notlikely,saysGrifb."Theobstetricoutcomewasadisaster/*headmits,nbuttheembryoswerechromosomallynormal.

Wchavenoevidencethatithadanythingtodowiththeprocedure.11Evenso,concernoverpotentialrisksiswhytheFood

andDrugAdministrationcreatedastringentapprovalprocessforsuchresearchin2001—aprocessthatGrifofoundso

onerousthathestoppedworkingonthetechniqueandgaveittotheresearchersinChina,whereitwassubsequentlybanned

(butonlythismonth,longafterZhuang'spatientbecamepregnant).

Thebottomline,saycritics,isthatperfectingatechniquethatcouldbeusedforhumancloning,evenifitwere

developedforanotherpurpose,isjustabadidea—anassertionZhuangrejects.nIagreethatitmakessensetocontrolthese

experiments,"hesays."Butwc*vcdevelopedaneffectivetechnologytohelppeople.Wcunderstandhowtodoit.Wcneed

it.n

1.VThatisimpliedinthefirstparagraph?

[A]Somepeopleregarditasatragicfailure.

[B]Thcnewexperimentmeansabreakthroughforsomepeople.

[C]Peoplehavedifferentreactionstothenewexperiment.

[D]Thcnewexperimentmeansastepfurthertothedangeroushumancloning.

2.TheauthorusesthecaseofDollyandtheChinesepregnantwomantoshowthat.

[A]bothnuclear-transferandcloningaredangerousforhumansandanimals

[BJbothofthembenefitfromthenewtechnique

[C]bothofthemaretheexamplesoftechnicalfailure

[D]bothofthemarethefruitsofthenewtechnology

3.Zhuang，sattitudetowardthecritics'conclusionisoneof.

[A]resentedconsent

[B]strongdisapproval

[C]slightcontempt

[D]enthusiasticsupport

4.Theonlydifferenceexistingbetweennuclear-transferandcloningtechniqueis.

[A]whctheritisusedforresearchorforhelpingtheinfertile

[B]whethertheoffspringlooksliketheparent

[C]whetheritisusedinanimalsorhumanbeings

[DJwhethertheinsertednucleuscomesfromasingleandusuallyadultcell

5.Thetextintendstoexpresstheideathat.

[A]researchofcloninghaspotentialrisks

[B]theresearchofcloningshouldbestoppedtotally

[C]ethicsandresearchofcloningareincontradiction

[D]researchersshouldhavetherighttocontinuethestudyofcloning

答案：CABDC

篇章剖析

本文采用提出問題——分析問題的模式，指出細(xì)胞核移植和克隆技術(shù)上存在的倫理方面的爭議以及研究人員

本人對此事的看法。在第一段指出人們對一項(xiàng)新成果的不同看法；第二段指出這一技術(shù)對一名中國不孕婦女的幫

助；第三段指出細(xì)胞核移植和克隆技術(shù)的區(qū)別以及都存在的危險性；第四段和第五段指出研究人員的一些做法和

看法。

詞匯注釋

ethical[5eWIk(I圳adj.與倫理有關(guān)，民族的，民族特有的

impregnatel51mpreAnelt;(?@)lm5preAnet]vt.<^使受精，使充滿，注入，灌輸

deem[di:m]v.認(rèn)為,相信

inferdle[ln5f\:tall]adj.不肥沃的，貧瘠的，不毛的，不結(jié)果實(shí)的

breakthrough[5breIkWru:]n.突破

scenario[sl5nB:rIEJ]n.想定；游戲的關(guān)，或是某一特定情節(jié)

clone[kl均n]n.無性系，無性繁殖，克隆v.無性繁殖，復(fù)制

fertilize[5f\:tllalz]vt.施肥，使豐饒，使受精，使肥沃，使多產(chǎn)

spcrm[sp\:m]n.精液，精子，鯨油

nucleusn.核子

scoopoutv.接應(yīng)，舀出

chromosome[5krEJmEsFym]n.[生物]染色體

bcnign[bl5naln]adj.（?。┝夹缘?，（氣候）良好的，仁慈的，和藹的

triplet[5trlp叫n.三個一幅，三個一組，三份

tripletsn.三胞胎

repugnant[r!5pQAnEnt]adj.引起厭惡或反感的；討厭的或可憎的；不一致的

obstetric[Cb'stetrIk]adj.產(chǎn)科的

stringent[5strIndVEnt]adj.嚴(yán)厲的，迫切的，銀根緊的

oncrous[5RnErEs,5EJnErEs]adj.繁重的，費(fèi)力的，負(fù)有法律責(zé)任的

bottomlinen.結(jié)果，結(jié)局，最后結(jié)果或聲明；

難句突破

Evenso,concernoverpotentialrisksiswhytheFoodandDrugAdministrationcreatedastringentapprovalprocessfor

suchresearchin2001—aprocessthatGrifofoundsoonerousthathestoppedworkingonthetechniqueandgaveittothe

researchersinChina,whereitwassubsequendybanned（butonlythismonth,longafterZhuang'spatientbecamepregnant）.

主體句式：,,,concernoverpotentialrisksiswhy

結(jié)構(gòu)分析："aprocess”在句子中的語法成分是同位語；后面又跟了一個“that”引導(dǎo)的定語從句；在從句中

又使用了飛?！璽hat”句式；在從句中又使用了“where”引導(dǎo)的從句。

句子譯文：盡管如此，由于擔(dān)心潛在的危險，美國食品藥物管理局2001年就類似研究制定了較為嚴(yán)格的批

準(zhǔn)程序——這是一套令葛瑞佛覺得太過于煩瑣而終止了這一技術(shù)的研究工作，并將其轉(zhuǎn)給了中國研究人員的程

序。這項(xiàng)研究工作后來在中國也被禁止（在本月才剛被禁止，這是發(fā)生在莊的病人懷孕后很久以后的事了）。

題目分析

1.答案為C,屬推理判斷題。做好本題的關(guān)鍵是對dependingonwhomyouask"的理解。對于不同的人來說，

他們對實(shí)驗(yàn)的反應(yīng)也不相同。

2.答案為A,屬推理判斷題。原文對應(yīng)信息“criticshavesuggestedthatcloningandnucleartransferareequallyrisky

forhumans”。文中提到的“多莉”羊和一名中國孕婦分別是為了進(jìn)一步具體說明克隆和細(xì)胞核移植技術(shù)及其存

在的一些危險。

3.答案為B,屬情感態(tài)度題。原文對應(yīng)信息是"...anassertionZhuangrejectsw,"reject”這個詞比較

正式，也表達(dá)較強(qiáng)的感情色彩。

4.答案為D,屬事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。原文對應(yīng)信息是"Theonlysignificantdifferenceisthatwithcloning,theinserted

nucleuscomesfromasingle,usuallyadult,cell,andtheresultingoffspringisgeneticallyidenticaltotheparent/1

5.答案為C,屬中心思想題。有關(guān)克隆技術(shù)的研究，從研究角度來說無可厚非，但是從倫理學(xué)角度來說爭議

不小。

參考譯文

上周在德克薩斯醫(yī)學(xué)會議上宣布了一項(xiàng)實(shí)