Unit4詞匯和知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理-人教版（2024）七年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

七年級(jí)（下）Unit4詞匯和知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理A板塊：ViewingandListening重點(diǎn)詞匯全解1.spell/spel/v.拼寫(xiě)；用字母拼寫(xiě)[spelt,spelt/spelled,spelled]【例句】Pleasespellyournameforme.請(qǐng)為我拼出你的名字。【詞轉(zhuǎn)】spellingn.拼寫(xiě)②champion/'t??empjon/n.冠軍；第一名【例句】Hebecamethechampioninthischesspetition.他成為這次國(guó)際象棋比賽的冠軍?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】championshipn.錦標(biāo)賽③winner/'win?(r)/n.獲勝的人；優(yōu)勝者【例句】Thewinnerwillreceiveaprizeof$1,000.獲勝者將獲得1000美元的獎(jiǎng)金?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】winv.贏；獲勝winningadj.獲勝的④praise/preiz/v.表?yè)P(yáng)；贊揚(yáng)；稱(chēng)贊【例句】Theteacherpraisedthestudentsfortheirhardwork.老師表?yè)P(yáng)了學(xué)生們的努力。⑤mistake/mi'sterk/n.(言語(yǔ)或行為上的)錯(cuò)誤，失誤【例句】Itwasamistaketoleavethedoorunlocked.不鎖門(mén)是個(gè)錯(cuò)誤?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】mistakev.誤會(huì)；誤解；看錯(cuò)[mistake→mistook→mistaken]6.truth/tru:θ/n.真相；實(shí)情；事實(shí)；真實(shí)情況【例句】Thetruthwilleouteventually.真相最終會(huì)大白。【搭配】tellthetruth說(shuō)出實(shí)情【詞轉(zhuǎn)】trueadj.真實(shí)的trustv.相信；信任trulyadv.真正地；確實(shí)⑦lie/lai/n.謊言；謊話(huà)【例句】Hisstorywasapletelie.他的故事完全是謊言。【搭配】tellalie撒謊lieto…對(duì)……撒謊【詞轉(zhuǎn)】liarn.說(shuō)謊者liev.說(shuō)謊[lies→lying→lied→lied]【拓展】liev.躺；平躺；平臥[lie→lies→lying→lay→lain]8.decision/di'sisn/n.決定；抉擇【例句】Makingadecisionisnotalwayseasy.做決定并不總是容易的?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】decidev.決定decisiveadj.決定性的9.suggestion/so'd?est?on/n.建議；提議【例句】Hersuggestionwastostartanewproject.她的建議是啟動(dòng)一個(gè)新項(xiàng)目?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】suggestv.建議重點(diǎn)句子全解Mary'steachergaveheranAbymistake.瑪麗的老師不小心給了她一個(gè)A。bymistake=byaccident意為“意外地，不小心地”?！痉戳x】onpurpose故意地②Shetoldtheteacheraboutthemistakeimmediately.她立即告訴老師這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。(1)tellsb.aboutsth.意為“告訴某人某事”。(2)immediately意為“立刻，馬上”?！就x】atonce/rightnow/rightaway/innotime③Kellybrokehermum'sfavouritecupbutblamedhersister.凱利打破了媽媽最?lèi)?ài)的杯子，但卻怪罪她的妹妹。blame意為“責(zé)怪”,blamesb.forsth.意為“因某事責(zé)怪某人”。【例句】Don'tblamemeforthemistake.別因?yàn)槟莻€(gè)錯(cuò)誤責(zé)怪我。blamesomethingonsomeone意為“將某事歸咎于某人”?！纠洹縏hemanagerblamedthedelayonbadweather.經(jīng)理將延誤歸咎于惡劣天氣。④Heexplainedandofferedtoreplaceit.他解釋了情況并提出要賠償一本新的。offertodosth.意為“主動(dòng)提出做某事”?！纠洹縒henIsawhercarryingheavyboxes,Iofferedtohelp.當(dāng)我看到她搬著重箱子時(shí)，我主動(dòng)提出幫忙。⑤WangYimingwantstotakepartintheschool"spellingbee"contest.王一鳴想要參加學(xué)校的“拼字蜜蜂”比賽。(1)want意為“想；想要”,相當(dāng)于wouldlike,但比wouldlike語(yǔ)氣直接。(2)takepartin意為“參加”,后面要加活動(dòng)或賽事。【例句】Hewilltakepartintheracetomorrow.他將參加明天的比賽?！颈嫖觥縥oin,takepartin與attend①join指加入某個(gè)組織、團(tuán)隊(duì)或參與某個(gè)活動(dòng)，通常指的是成為某個(gè)團(tuán)體或組織的一部分，或者參與某個(gè)活動(dòng)。指參與某個(gè)活動(dòng)時(shí)常用joinin?！纠洹縄joinedtheclublastyear.我去年加入了這個(gè)俱樂(lè)部。②takepartin指參與某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)或事件，強(qiáng)調(diào)在其中扮演角色或有積極作用。【例句】Manystudentstookpartinthedebatepetition.許多學(xué)生參加了辯論比賽。③attend指到場(chǎng)或參與某個(gè)事件、會(huì)議、活動(dòng)等，但不一定參與其中的具體活動(dòng)?！纠洹縎heattendedtheconferencebutdidnotspeak.她參加了會(huì)議但沒(méi)有發(fā)言。6.Theypraisedmeforbeinghonest.他們因?yàn)槲艺\(chéng)實(shí)而表?yè)P(yáng)了我。praisesb.fordoingsth.意為“因某事表?yè)P(yáng)某人”?！纠洹縏hemanagerpraisedtheteamfortheirhardworkanddedication.經(jīng)理因?yàn)閳F(tuán)隊(duì)的辛勤工作和奉獻(xiàn)精神而表?yè)P(yáng)了他們B板塊：Speaking重點(diǎn)詞匯全解①trouble/'trabl/n.問(wèn)題；困難【例句】Ihadsometroublewiththemathshomework.我在數(shù)學(xué)作業(yè)上遇到了一些困難。【詞轉(zhuǎn)】troublesomeadj.麻煩的②advice/?d'vais/n.建議；意見(jiàn)【例句】Pleasetakemyadviceanddon'tgiveup.請(qǐng)接受我的建議，不要放棄?！就x】suggestionn.建議【詞轉(zhuǎn)】advisev.建議③column/'kplom/n.專(zhuān)欄；欄目【例句】Shewritesaweeklycolumnforthenewspaper.她為報(bào)紙寫(xiě)一個(gè)每周專(zhuān)欄?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】columnistn.專(zhuān)欄作家④unluckily/?n'lakili/adv.不幸地；遺憾地；倒霉地【例句】Unluckily,Imissedthebus.不幸的是，我錯(cuò)過(guò)了公交車(chē)。【詞轉(zhuǎn)】luckilyadv.幸好unluckyadj.不幸的luckyadj.幸運(yùn)的luckn.好運(yùn)；運(yùn)氣⑤copy/'kppi/n.復(fù)印件；副本；復(fù)制品【例句】Ineedtomakeacopyofthisdocument.我需要復(fù)印這份文件?！敬钆洹縜copyof一份6.explain/ik'splen/v.解釋?zhuān)徽f(shuō)明【例句】Pleaseexplaintheconceptagain.請(qǐng)?jiān)俅谓忉屵@個(gè)概念?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】explanationn.解釋⑦lend/lend/v.借給；借出[lend→lent→lent]【例句】Couldyoulendmeyourpen?你能借給我你的鋼筆嗎?【搭配】lendsth.tosb.把某物借給某人8.accidentally/?kst'dent?li/adv.意外地；偶然地【例句】Iaccidentallydeletedtheemail.我不小心刪除了電子郵件。【詞轉(zhuǎn)】accidentaladj.意外的accidentn.意外9.spill/spil/v.(使)灑出，潑出，溢出【例句】Shespilledcoffeeonhernewdress.她把咖啡灑在了新裙子上。【詞轉(zhuǎn)】spilledadj.灑出的⑩careless/'ke?las/adj.不小心的；不仔細(xì)的；粗心的【例句】Hewastoocarelesstonoticethemistake.他太粗心了，沒(méi)有注意到這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】carelesslyadv.粗心地carelessnessn.粗心caren.小心；謹(jǐn)慎?accident/'?ksidont/n.意外；偶然的事【例句】Theaccidenthappenedattheintersection.事故發(fā)生在十字路口?！敬钆洹縝yaccident偶然；意外地haveanaccident出事故【詞轉(zhuǎn)】accidentaladj.意外的?another/?'naeo(r)/det.又一；再一【例句】I'llhaveanothercupoftea.我還要喝一杯茶?！敬钆洹縜notherone另一個(gè)oneafteranother一個(gè)接一個(gè)地重點(diǎn)句子全解①LuYaoisinabitoftrouble.陸遙遇到了點(diǎn)麻煩。(1)beintrouble意為“遇到問(wèn)題或困難”。(2)abitof意為“一點(diǎn)”。②Sheisreadingtheadvicecolumnofateenagewebsiteandseemstohavefoundananswer.她正在閱讀一個(gè)青少年網(wǎng)站的建議專(zhuān)欄，似乎已經(jīng)找到了答案。seemtohavedone…意為“似乎已經(jīng)……”?！纠洹縎heseemstohavepletedthetask.她似乎已經(jīng)完成了任務(wù)?！就卣埂竣賡eemtodosth.意為“似乎做某事”?！纠洹縃eseemstounderstandtheproblemnow.他現(xiàn)在似乎理解了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。②seemlike意為“似乎，看起來(lái)像是”?！纠洹縄tseemslikeagoodidea.這似乎是個(gè)好主意。③seem+adj.意為“看起來(lái)……”。【例句】Sheseemshappytoday.她今天看起來(lái)很高興。④Itseemsthat…意為“看起來(lái)像是……”?！纠洹縄tseemsthatamiraclehashappened.看起來(lái)像是奇跡發(fā)生了。③Iborrowedmyfriend'sskateboardandunluckilyitbrokewhileIwasusingit.I'mworriedabouthowmyfriendwillfeelwhenhefindsout.我借了朋友的滑板，不幸的是，我在使用時(shí)它壞了。我擔(dān)心朋友發(fā)現(xiàn)后會(huì)有什么感受?！颈嫖觥縲hen與whilewhen可以指一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)或一段時(shí)間，可以用于表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在另一個(gè)動(dòng)作之前或之后，而while則強(qiáng)調(diào)兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)進(jìn)行，且強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的持續(xù)性。while有時(shí)會(huì)帶有對(duì)比的意味，而when則更多地用于表示時(shí)間上的關(guān)聯(lián)。④WhatshouldIdotomakeitright?我該怎么做才能彌補(bǔ)?makeitright意為“彌補(bǔ)”,常涉及采取積極的行動(dòng)來(lái)糾正、補(bǔ)償、修復(fù)或改善某種情況。⑤Ithinkyoushouldbehonestwithyourfriendandapologisetohim.我認(rèn)為你應(yīng)該對(duì)朋友誠(chéng)實(shí)并向他道歉。(1)behonestwithsb.意為“對(duì)某人誠(chéng)實(shí)”。(2)apologisetosb.意為“向某人道歉”。【例句】Ineedtoapologisetomyteacherforbeinglate.我需要為遲到向老師道歉。⑥Iknowthatbookmeansalottoyou./Iknowyoudidn'tmeanit.我知道那本書(shū)對(duì)你很重要。/我知道你不是故意的。mean在英語(yǔ)中有多種用法，主要用來(lái)表達(dá)意圖、目的、含義或者表示某事物的重要性。①表示意圖或目的：【例句】Imeantofinishthisreporttoday.我打算今天完成這份報(bào)告。②表示某事的含義：【例句】Theredcrossontheflagmeansneutrality.旗幟上的紅十字代表中立。③表示對(duì)某人或某事的重要性：【例句】Shemeansalottome.她對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)很重要。C板塊：Reading重點(diǎn)詞匯全解①lifetime/'laftaim/n.一生；終身；有生之年【例句】Hededicatedhislifetimetoscience.他把一生都獻(xiàn)給了科學(xué)?！就卣埂縧ifelongadj.終身的②bass/bes/n.巴斯魚(yú)【例句】Bassisapopularfishforfishing.巴斯魚(yú)是釣魚(yú)時(shí)很受歡迎的一種魚(yú)。③fisherman/'fifomon/n.漁民；釣魚(yú)的人[pl.fishermen]【例句】Thefishermancasthisnetintothesea.漁夫把網(wǎng)撒進(jìn)海里。【詞轉(zhuǎn)】fishingn.釣魚(yú)④island/'arlond/n.島【例句】Wevisitedabeautifulislandlastsummer.我們?nèi)ツ晗奶煊斡[了一個(gè)美麗的島嶼。⑤tie/tai/v.系；拴【例句】Pleasetieyourshoelaces.請(qǐng)系好你的鞋帶?！敬钆洹縯ieup系緊；捆牢【拓展】tien.領(lǐng)帶⑥bait/bert/n.魚(yú)餌；誘餌【例句】Heusedwormsasbaittocatchfish.他用蟲(chóng)子作為魚(yú)餌來(lái)釣魚(yú)?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】baitingn.用餌引誘⑦practise(AmEpractice)/'pr?ektis/v.練習(xí)；訓(xùn)練【例句】Shepractisesthepianoeveryday.她每天練習(xí)鋼琴。【詞轉(zhuǎn)】practicen.實(shí)踐practicaladj.實(shí)際的8.cast/ka:st/v.投(釣線(xiàn));拋(釣鉤)【例句】Hecasthisfishinglineintothewater.他把釣線(xiàn)拋入水中?！就卣埂縞astingn.鑄造品castn.演員陣容9.pole/poul/n.桿子；棍；杖【例句】Heusedalongpoletoreachthefruit.他用長(zhǎng)桿去夠水果。【拓展】polaradj.極地的⑩double/'d?bl/v.把……對(duì)折；折疊【例句】Doublethepieceofpaper.把這張紙對(duì)折?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】doubledadj.雙倍的doublingn.翻倍?end/end/n.結(jié)局；結(jié)尾【例句】Theendofthemoviewassad.電影的結(jié)局很悲傷?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】endingn.結(jié)尾endlessadj.無(wú)盡的【拓展】endv.結(jié)束；終止n.盡頭intheend最后；終于?lift/lft/v.舉起；抬起【例句】Heliftedtheheavyboxwithease.他輕易地舉起了那個(gè)沉重的箱子?！就卣埂縧iftn.電梯；升降機(jī)13.handsome/'h?ensom/adj.美觀的；悅目的【例句】Heisahandsomeyoungman.他是一個(gè)英俊的年輕人?！就x】goodlooking漂亮的；好看的beautiful美麗的；美好的?as…as…像……一樣……【例句】Heisastallashisbrother.他和他兄弟一樣高。?anywhere/'eniwe?(r)/adv.在任何地方【例句】Youcantakethisbookanywhere.你可以把這本書(shū)帶到任何地方?！就卣埂縠verywhereadv.到處；各個(gè)地方somewhereadv.在某處nowhereadv.無(wú)處；哪里都不16.though/eou/conj.雖然；盡管；即使【例句】Ilikethesongthoughit'sveryold.盡管這首歌很老，但我喜歡它?！就x】although?eventhough盡管；雖然【例句】Eventhoughitrained,westillwentout.盡管下雨了，我們還是出去了。18.hook/huk/n.鉤；釣鉤；魚(yú)鉤【例句】Thefishgotcaughtonthehook.魚(yú)被鉤住了。?lip/lp/n.嘴唇【例句】Shebitherlipnervously.她緊張地咬著嘴唇。20.lower/'lou?(r)/v.把……放低；使……降下【例句】Loweryourvoice,please.請(qǐng)小聲一點(diǎn)。【搭配】lowerdown降低【詞轉(zhuǎn)】lowadj.低的；矮的adv.低；向下21.disappear/disa'pr?(r)/v.消失；不見(jiàn)【例句】Thecloudsdisappearedaftertherain.雨后云彩消失了?！驹~轉(zhuǎn)】disappearedadj.消失的disappearancen.消失【反義】appearv.出現(xiàn)重點(diǎn)句子全解①Bassfishingisapopularsportandhobbyformanyfishermen.釣巴斯魚(yú)對(duì)許多釣魚(yú)愛(ài)好者來(lái)說(shuō)是一項(xiàng)受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)和愛(ài)好。表語(yǔ)apopularsportandhobby意為“一項(xiàng)受歡迎的運(yùn)動(dòng)和愛(ài)好”,說(shuō)明了“Bassfishing"的性質(zhì)。【拓展】bepopularwith/among意為“在……中受歡迎”?！纠洹縎occerispopularamongyoungpeople.足球在年輕人中很受歡迎。②Hetiedasmallbaitandpractisedcasting.他系上一個(gè)小誘餌并練習(xí)投擲。practiseddoingsth.意為“練習(xí)做某事”?！纠洹縎hepractisedplayingthepianoeveryday.她每天練習(xí)彈鋼琴。③Whenhispoledoubledover,heknewsomethinghugewasontheotherend.當(dāng)他的釣竿彎曲時(shí)，他知道另一端有條大家伙。(1)doubleover意為“彎腰，彎曲”。(2)somethingadj.形容詞作后置定語(yǔ)修飾不定代詞。(3)ontheotherend意為“在另一端”(兩端中的另一端)。④Itwasthelargestonehehadeverseen.這是他見(jiàn)過(guò)的最大的一條。hadeverseen是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，表示在過(guò)去的一個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)之前所完成的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。結(jié)構(gòu)：had+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去分詞?！纠洹縄twasthemostinterestingfilmthatIhadeverseen.這是我看過(guò)最有趣的電影。⑤Thenhelitamatchandlookedathiswatch.然后他點(diǎn)燃了一根火柴并看了看手表。lit是light的過(guò)去式和過(guò)去分詞形式，意為“點(diǎn)燃；照亮”。【例句】Helitamatchtoseeinthedarkcave.他點(diǎn)燃一根火柴以便在黑暗的洞穴中看清楚。6."Notasbigasthisone,"criedtheboy.“沒(méi)有這條這么大，"男孩哭喊道。notas…as意為“不如……,不及……”。【例句】Hecan'trunasfastashisbrother.他跑得沒(méi)有他的兄弟快。⑦Eventhoughnoonehadseenthem,theboycouldtellbyhisfather'svoicethathehadnochoice.即使沒(méi)有人看見(jiàn)他們，男孩可以從他父親的聲音中聽(tīng)出他別無(wú)選擇。(1)eventhough引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，意為“盡管；即使”?！纠洹縀venthoughitwasraining,wedecidedtogoforawalk.盡管下雨，我們還是決定出去散步。tellbyhisfather'svoice意為