黑龍江省佳木斯市第一中學高三上學期第五次調(diào)研考試英語試題（解析版）-1

佳一中2024-2025學年度高三學年第五次調(diào)研考試英語試題時間：120分鐘總分：150分第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】WhendidthespeakersvisitChina?A.Insummer. B.Inautumn. C.Inwinter.【答案】B【解析】【原文】W:Wasn’tourtriptoChinainthefalljustlovely?Itwassosmartofusnottogointhesummer.M:Right,butwe’replanningtogotoEnglandinthewinter,soyou’dbetterbepreparedforthecold.2.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatdoesthewomanlikemost?A.Meat. B.Fruits. C.Desserts.【答案】B【解析】【原文】M:IfIdon’teatmeat,IfeellikeIhaven’teatenatall.It’sdefinitelymyfavoritepartofanymeal.W:Forme,Ihavetoeatanappleorapeareveryday.Ithinkthat’sabettertreatthananydessert.3.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whydidn’tthewomangototheman’shouse?A.Shedislikescats. B.Sheisafraidofdogs. C.Sheforgothermedicine.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:I’msorrythatyoucouldn’tdropbythehouse.MayIaskifyou’reafraidofdogs?W:Ohno,Iloveallyourpets,butI’mactuallyveryallergictocatsandIdon’thavemymedicineonmetoday.4.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatarethespeakersdoingprobably?A.Camping. B.Driving. C.Visitingazoo.【答案】A【解析】【原文】W:It’sreallypeacefulouthere.Iloveitwhenwespendthenightoutinagreatplacelikethis.M:Yeah,andwesawsomanyanimalstoday.It’sdefinitelybetterthangoingtothezoo.Itwasdefinitelyworththedrive.5.【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】Whatwillthewomanprobablyeatnext?A.Acheeseburger. B.Friedchicken. C.Fruitsalad.【答案】C【解析】【原文】M:Mary,foodisreadyonthebarbecue.Howaboutsomeofmyfamousfriedchicken?W:Sorry,I’mstillfullfromthoseburgersearlier.M:Okay,mywifehasfreshfruitinsideifyouwantsomethingsweet.W:Nice.Somedessertwouldbeperfect.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】6.Whatdidthemandoearlier?A.Heburnedthesoup. B.Hehurthisfinger. C.Hedroppedaplate.7Whatwillthewomandofirstprobably?A.Cutvegetables. B.Putfoodonplates. C.Washthecarrots.【答案】6.B7.A【解析】【原文】W:Handmethatplate,please,andstartpreparingthecarrots.Themaincoursesarebehindschedule.M:I’vewashedthecarrotsalready,butIdon’tthinkIshouldusetheknifeafterwhathappenedearlier.I’mafraidthatImightgetcaughtagain.W:OK,thenI’llpreparethevegetablesandyoucanworkonputtingthefoodontheplatesandmakingthemlookniceandcookthesoupandmakesurethebottomdoesn’tburn.M:Yougotachefandoncemyfingerisbetter,I’llbeabletodoalotmore.W:It’sfine.Oh,andpleasedon’tdroptheplatesonthewaytothetable.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】8.Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Wheretohavelunch. B.Whotoattendthemeeting. C.Whentodiscussthereport.9.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Readthesummary. B.Haveachatduringlunch. C.Discusstheplanindividually.【答案】8.C9.A【解析】【原文】M:DidyoureceivethereportthatIsentearlierthismorning?W:Idid,butIhaven’thadachancetocheckit.Doyouwanttocomeovertomyofficeduringlunchandhaveachataboutit?M:IalreadyhavelunchplanssoIwasthinkingifwecouldaddittothisafternoon’smeetingagenda.Ithinktherestoftheteamwouldliketohearaboutittoo.W:Okay,I’llgothroughthereportduringlunchandthenwecandiscussitasagroup.M:Ifyou’reshortontime,youcanjustreadthesummarypage.ThatwillgiveyouthegeneralideaofwhyoursalesnumbersaredownthisquarterandthenIcangointodetaillater.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】10.Whodoesthemanthinkmightgetangrywithhim?A.Thewoman’saunt. B.Thewoman’ssister. C.Thewoman’smother.11.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Uncleandniece. B.Brotherandsister. C.Fatheranddaughter.12.Howwillthespeakerstrytofindthephone?A.Bycallingit. B.Byusinganapp. C.Bysearchingtheroom.【答案】10.A11.C12.C【解析】【原文】W:Haveyouseenmyphoneanywhere?M:Youknowwedon’thavetimetolookforitrightnow.Youruncleandauntareexpectingusandyourmomisalreadyonherway.W:Oh,comeon.YouknowIcan’tgoanywherewithoutit.Andit’snotlikeAuntJaninewouldevergetmadatme.M:Ofcoursenot,becauseyou’reherniece.Ifshe’supset,she’lljusttakeitoutonmelikealways.W:Well,that’showbrothersandsistersaresupposedtobe,isn’tit?Anyway,justhelpmelookforit!M:Whydon’tIjustcallit?W:Myphone’sonsilent.Thatwon’twork.Iforgottoresetitafterthemovie.M:Iknow!There’sanappforfindingphones,isn’tthere?Wecanhaveatry.W:Sorry,Idon’thavethatonmine.ButIknowit’sinheresomewhere.Iwaslisteningtomusiconitearlierwhilemakingmybed,andIhaven’tevengonetothebathroomsincethen.M:Let’skeepsearchingherethen.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。【此處可播放相關音頻，請去附件查看】13.Whatkindofmusicwillthespeakerslistentoattheevent?A.Classical. B.Rock. C.Jazz.14.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Ataconcerthall. B.Atatheater. C.Atastadium.15.Whycan’tthewomanfindtheirseats?A.Therearesomanypeople.B.Theydon’thaveactualseats.C.Theticketsdon’tsaywheretogo.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheirsection?A.Itismuchfun. B.Itistoocrowded. C.Itisfarfromthestage.【答案】13.B14.C15.B16.A【解析】【原文】M:Hey,thankssomuchforinvitingme.Thisisactuallymyfirsttimetoattendabigconcertlikethis.W:Inthatcase,wemakesureyou’llhaveagreattime.ButIthoughtyoulovedmusic.I’msurprisedyou’veneverbeentoaconcert.M:Ohno,Ihave.Justnotlikethis.Iusuallylistentoclassicalmusic,somostoftheperformancesIgotoareinconcerthalls.W:Wow,Ican’tbelieveyouwantedtocometoabigrockconcertthen.Iactuallyliketogotomorecasualperformancesatsmalltheatresorlistentojazzatcafes.Buteverynowandthenit’sfuntoattendsomethinghugelikethis.M:Ididreallywanttohavetheexperience.Andwhoknows,Imightactuallyenjoyit.Infact,Iusuallywatchgameshere.Theseatsarenormallyfilledwithcrazysportsfans,buttonightthey’refilledwithcrazyconcertgoers.W:Oh,it’sagoodthingthatyou’vebeenherethen.Ican’tfigureouthowtogettoourseats.Theticketssaywe’rebelowSectionW.Buttherearen’tanyseatsbelowhere.M:Lookagain.Itsayswe’reintheStandingArea.Thissectionhasseatsandwe’llbestandingonthefieldrightbelowhere.W:Really?That’sgreat.Thestandingareaisnotthatfarfromthestage.Wecandancewiththewholecrowdandtotallyenjoyourselves.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題?！敬颂幙刹シ畔嚓P音頻，請去附件查看】17.Whatkindofpeoplemostlyliveinthesurroundinghomes?A.Awholefamily. B.Anunmarriedcouple. C.Asingleperson.18.Howlongdoesittaketodrivetothejuniorhighschoolfromthehouse?A.3minutes. B.8minutes. C.10minutes.19.Whichpartofthehouseisnew?A.Thebedrooms. B.Thekitchens. C.Thegarage.20.Whatwouldtherenterneedtopayextrafor?A.Pets. B.Electricity. C.Furniture.【答案】17.A18.B19.B20.C【解析】【原文】Thereisabeautifulhomeforrentonsunsetavenue.Thisbigthreebedroom,twobathroomhousewouldbeidealforafamilytorentastheyarethemostcommonresidentsinthisneighborhood.Theareaisverypeaceful.Andthelocationisveryconvenient.It’sonlyafiveminutedrivetoanexcellentelementaryschool,andit’sonlyanadditionalthreeminutestoreachthetopjuniorhighschoolinthecity.Alargeshoppingcentreandasupermarketarejustatenminutedriveaway.Thehouseisonlytenyearsoldandthekitchensandbathroomswereupdatedjustlastyear.Itisatwostoryhouseandallbedroomsareonthesecondfloor.LargeWindowsprovidegreatnaturallightinthelivinganddiningroom.Thereisaonecargarageandalargebackyard.Thereisnoextracostforpetsandtheneighborhoodisverypetfriendlywithanearbyparkidealforwalkingdogs.Rentis2000dollarsamonthandwater,gasandelectricityareallincludedintheprice.Thehouseisunfurnished,buttheownercanprovidesomefurnitureforanadditionalpricepermonth.Rentmaybelessforthoseplanningtorentforoverayear.Ifyouareinterestedinlookingatthehouse,pleasesendanemailandwecansetupanappointment.第二部分:閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑。ATheUniversityofGreenwichToursTakeatourofourcampusesandfindoutfromourstudentswhatit’sliketoliveandstudyattheUniversityofGreenwich(GU).GreenwichCampusTourGreenwichisaworldheritage(遺產(chǎn))site,whereourguideswilltakeyoufromourbrand-newDreadnoughtbuilding,throughtheantiqueQueenAnneandKingWilliambuildings.Ontheway,youwillpasstherecentlyredecoratedPaintedHallaswellastheGreenwichtowncenter.AveryHillCampusTourOurAveryHillCampuscoverstheSouthwoodsite.ThisancientVictoriansitehousesteachingandlibraryfacilities,studentaccommodation,thestudents’unionandsportsfacilities.OurstudentguideswillshowyouallthekeycharacteristicsofSouthwoodsite,andalsogiveyouatourofourSkillsLabs.MedwayCampusTourDatingfrom1903,theMedwayCampusislocatednearChathamHistoricDockyardinKent.Self-guidedtoursincludetheteachingandlearningfacilitiesaswellastheimpressivestudentaccommodation.Thecampusfeaturesamixofsocialandleisurefacilities,includingourStudents’UnionHub,arestaurantinPembrokebuilding.MaritimeCampusTourExplorethehistoricMaritimeCampusanddiscoveritsrichmaritimehistory.Ourknowledgeableguideswillshowyouaroundthecampus.ThetourwillincludeavisittothebeautifullyrestoredOldRoyalNavalCollege,whereyoucanlearnaboutitsfascinatinghistoryandstunningarchitecture.Areyoulookingforwardtohavingatour?Clickhereandbookonenow.Welcome!21.Whichcampusbestsuitsstudentswhoenjoyanactivesociallife?A.GreenwichCampusTours. B.AveryHillCampusTour.C.MaritimeCampusTours. D.MedwayCampusTours.22.WhatdoallthecampusesofGUhaveincommon?A.Theyhavehistoricconstructions. B.Theyofferguidedcampustours.C.Theypossesstop-classfacilities. D.Theysupplyaccommodationvisits.23.Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A.Aguidebook. B.Acollegewebsite.C.Atravelmagazine. D.Anewspaper.【答案】21.D22.A23.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了格林威治大學四個校區(qū)的校園導覽活動，包括各個校區(qū)的特色和歷史，以及學生和導游的分享和介紹?！?1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MedwayCampusTour部分中“Thecampusfeaturesamixofsocialandleisurefacilities,includingourStudents’UnionHub,arestaurantinPembrokebuilding.(校園的特色是社交和休閑設施，包括我們的學生會中心，彭布羅克大樓的餐廳)”可知，該校園的特色是社交和休閑設施，因此MedwayCampusTour適合喜歡參與積極社交的學生們。故選C。【22題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GreenwichCampusTour部分中“Greenwichisaworldheritage(遺產(chǎn))site,whereourguideswilltakeyoufromourbrand-newDreadnoughtbuilding,throughtheantiqueQueenAnneandKingWilliambuildings.

(格林威治是世界遺產(chǎn)，我們的導游將帶您從嶄新的無畏號大樓，穿過安妮女王和威廉國王的古建筑)”，AveryHillCampusTour部分中“ThisancientVictoriansitehousesteachingandlibraryfacilities,studentaccommodation,thestudents’unionandsportsfacilities.(這座古老的維多利亞式建筑擁有教學和圖書館設施、學生宿舍、學生會和體育設施)”，MedwayCampusTour部分中“Datingfrom1903,theMedwayCampusislocatednearChathamHistoricDockyardinKent.(Medway校區(qū)始建于1903年，位于肯特郡查塔姆歷史造船廠附近)”以及MaritimeCampusTour部分中“ThetourwillincludeavisittothebeautifullyrestoredOldRoyalNavalCollege,whereyoucanlearnaboutitsfascinatinghistoryandstunningarchitecture.(這次旅行將包括參觀修復精美的舊皇家海軍學院，在那里你可以了解它迷人的歷史和令人驚嘆的建筑)”可知，這四個校區(qū)的共同點是——它們有歷史建筑。故選A?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Takeatourofourcampusesandfindoutfromourstudentswhatit’sliketoliveandstudyattheUniversityofGreenwich(GU).(參觀我們的校園，從我們的學生那里了解在格林威治大學（GU）生活和學習的感受)”以及最后一段“Areyoulookingforwardtohavingatour?Clickhereandbookonenow.Welcome!(你期待旅行嗎？單擊此處并立即預訂。歡迎)”可知，文章介紹了格林威治大學四個校區(qū)的校園導覽活動，通過點擊可以了解更多信息或者進行預定。由此推知，文章可能出自于一個大學網(wǎng)站。故選B。BItwasacoldMaymorningwhenIreceivedanemailfromanoldfriendinvitingmetojoina10-dayall-girlssurftrip.IknewIhadtosayyes.Thetripseemedsimpleenough.10womenaged30to45,allcompletestrangers,weretomeetonthecoastofPortugaltotrysomethingnew:surfingintheAtlanticOcean.Ihavealwayslovedtraveling,soIeagerlysentanemailtomybossaskingfortimeofftomakethetrip.Ifthere’sonethingI’velearnedovermypast33years,it’sthatadultstypicallyspendtheirdaysmasteringthethingsthey’vedonebefore.Itseemslikeweprideourselvesonbecomingexpertsinwhateverfieldwe’vefalleninto,knowingmoreaboutless.Now,intheory,thisisagreatstrategy,asitallowsyoutobecomereallygoodatoneparticularthing,butitalsokindofendsupleavingsomeskillslacking.Guidedbyouramazingcoaches,together,wefacedthewaves.Sometimes,itpouredwithrain,andthewavescrashedaroundus,butwewerestilloutthere.Andwitheveryslipandfall,wordsofencouragementfilledtheair.Honestly,Iprobablyspentmostofmydaysfrozentothebone,butthatdidn’tmatterbecauseanewlevelofgenuinejoyandpersonalachievementhadbeenunlocked.Learninganewskilltaughtmethehumility(謙虛)thatcancomefromdoingbadlyatsomethingnew,andthepridethatdevelopswhenyoufinallymanagetograspsomethingyou’vebeenworkingon.Whilesurfingmightnotbemylifelongpassion,tryingitoutinspiredmetotakemorerisksinlife.Youneverknowwhatyou’recapableofifyoudon’tgooutthereandtry.24.Whatinspiredtheauthortojointhesurftrip?A.Herloveforseashoresurfing. B.Herdesiretomakenewfriends.C.Herneedtotakeabreakfromwork. D.Herpassionforexploringsomethingnew.25.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofadults’focusingonmasteringonefield?A.Ithurtsone’spride. B.Itnarrowsone’spotential.C.Itpromotesone’scareersuccess. D.Itbroadensone’sviewoftheworld.26.Whichwordscanbestdescribetheauthor’ssurfingexperience?A.Relaxingbutdangerous. B.Toughanduninteresting.C.Challengingbutrewarding. D.Surprisingandunforgettable.27.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheauthor?A.Sheusedtolackconfidenceinherself.B.Shedeterminedtobecomeanexpertsurfer.C.Shediscoveredherlifelongpassionafterthetrip.D.Shewasmorewillingtotrynewexperiencesinlife.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者收到朋友邀請參加為期10天的女子沖浪之旅，欣然答應并請假前往，在沖浪過程中雖歷經(jīng)艱難但收獲快樂與成就感，這次經(jīng)歷激勵她在生活中更加勇于嘗試、承擔風險。【24題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“10womenaged30to45,allcompletestrangers,weretomeetonthecoastofPortugaltotrysomethingnew:surfingintheAtlanticOcean.Ihavealwayslovedtraveling(10名年齡在30到45歲之間、素不相識的女性將在葡萄牙海岸見面，嘗試一項新事物：在大西洋沖浪。我一直很喜歡旅行)”可知，這次旅行是去嘗試新事物——在大西洋沖浪，且作者熱愛旅行；再根據(jù)第二段中“Now,intheory,thisisagreatstrategy,asitallowsyoutobecomereallygoodatoneparticularthing,butitalsokindofendsupleavingsomeskillslacking.(現(xiàn)在，從理論上講，這是一個很好的策略，因為它可以讓你變得非常擅長某一件事，但最終也會讓你缺乏一些技能)”可知，作者指出專注于掌握一個領域有其弊端。由此可知，作者支持探索新事物，對探索新事物的熱情激發(fā)了她加入沖浪之旅。故選D項?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Now,intheory,thisisagreatstrategy,asitallowsyoutobecomereallygoodatoneparticularthing,butitalsokindofendsupleavingsomeskillslacking.(現(xiàn)在，從理論上講，這是一個很好的策略，因為它可以讓你變得非常擅長某一件事，但最終也會讓你缺乏一些技能)”可推知，作者認為成年人專注于掌握一個領域會限制其個人的潛力。故選B項?！?6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Sometimes,itpouredwithrain,andthewavescrashedaroundus,butwewerestilloutthere.Andwitheveryslipandfall,wordsofencouragementfilledtheair.Honestly,Iprobablyspentmostofmydaysfrozentothebone(有時，下著大雨，海浪在我們周圍拍打，但我們?nèi)匀辉谀抢?。每一次滑倒，空氣中都充滿了鼓勵的話語。說實話，我可能大部分時間都凍得骨頭都僵了)”可知，沖浪的過程很艱難，面臨著下雨、海浪沖擊、不斷滑倒、寒冷等困難，說明具有挑戰(zhàn)性；再根據(jù)第三段中“butthatdidn’tmatterbecauseanewlevelofgenuinejoyandpersonalachievementhadbeenunlocked(但這并不重要，因為真正的快樂和個人成就已經(jīng)達到了一個新的水平)”可知，作者從中獲得了新的快樂和個人成就感，說明是有意義的。故選C項?！?7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Whilesurfingmightnotbemylifelongpassion,tryingitoutinspiredmetotakemorerisksinlife.Youneverknowwhatyou’recapableofifyoudon’tgooutthereandtry.(雖然沖浪可能不是我一生的愛好，但嘗試它激勵我在生活中承擔更多的風險。如果你不去嘗試，你永遠不知道你能做什么)”可知，這次沖浪經(jīng)歷激勵作者在生活中嘗試更多新事物，承擔更多風險。由此可知，她更愿意去嘗試新的體驗了。故選D項。CTheGreekphilosopherHeraclitustaughtthatyoucan’tstepintothesamerivertwice,foryouaren’tthesamepersonateachvisit,andthewateriseverflowing.Itisapowerfulwaytorepresenttherealityofimpermanence:Everythingisalwayschanging.Manypeoplehavetenserelationshipswithchange.Theydenyit,resistitorattempttocontrolit-theresultofwhichisalmostalwayssomecombinationofstress,anxiety,andburnout.Itdoesn’thavetobethatway.Aconceptcalledallostasiscanhelp.Developedinthelate1980sbyaneuroscientist,PeterSterling,andabiologist,JosephEyer,allostasisisdefinedas“stabilitythroughchange,”elegantlyshowingtheconcept’sdoublemeaning:Thewaytostaystablethroughtheprocessofchangeisbychanging,atleasttosomeextent.Theriverofchangehasbeenflowingmercilessly,anditshowsnosignsoflettingup.Societally,we’vegonethroughapandemic(大流行病),itseconomicdeclineandthewidespreadadoptionofsocialmedia,thecombinationofwhichhasshiftedhowweliveandwork.Inourpersonallives,wecontinuetodowhatwehavealwaysdone:relocate,startjobs,quitjobs,changejobs,getpromoted,experienceillness,getmarried,havechildren,retireandonandon.Findingwaysinthisriverrequiresbothruggednessandflexibility.Toberuggedistobetoughanddetermined,toknowyourcorevaluesandwhatyoustandfor.Tobeflexibleistoactivelyrespondtochangingcircumstances,toadaptandbendeasilywithoutbreaking,togrowandevenchangeyourmind.Putthesequalitiestogetherandtheresultisagreatendurance,onethathelpsyoumaintainyourstrongcoreeveninfragilemoments.Itallowsyoutostepintoallostasis’scycleoforder,disorderandreorder—whichis,ofcourse,oneandthesamewithsteppingintoHeraclitus’sriver—andtochartitskillfullyandwheneverpossible,toyourownbenefit.28.Whatdoweknowaboutallostasis?A.Itisacontradictoryconcept. B.Ittendstofocusonchange.C.Itadvocatesdynamicstability. D.Itclaimsabsoluteadaptability.29.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“l(fā)ettingup”underlinedinparagraph4?A.Beingpumped. B.Slowingdown. C.Gettingpolluted. D.Risingup.30.Whatwillyougainfrompracticingallostasisaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Popularity. B.Confidence. C.Recognition. D.Perseverance.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SayNotoStability B.StopResistingChangeC.FightforFlexibility D.BalanceLifeandWork【答案】28.C29.B30.D31.B【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要探討了變化與穩(wěn)定性的概念，并強調(diào)了適應變化和在變化中找到穩(wěn)定性的重要性?！?8題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Aconceptcalledallostasiscanhelp.Developedinthelate1980sbyaneuroscientist,PeterSterling,andabiologist,JosephEyer,allostasisisdefinedas“stabilitythroughchange,”elegantlyshowingtheconcept’sdoublemeaning:Thewaytostaystablethroughtheprocessofchangeisbychanging,atleasttosomeextent.(一種叫做“allostasis”的概念可以提供幫助。20世紀80年代末，神經(jīng)學家PeterSterling和生物學家JosephEyer將“allostasis”定義為“通過變化保持穩(wěn)定”，優(yōu)雅地展示了這個概念的雙重含義：在變化過程中保持穩(wěn)定的方法是改變，至少在某種程度上是這樣。)”可知，allostasis指的是通過變化保持穩(wěn)定。故選C?！?9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞組上一句“Theriverofchangehasbeenflowingmercilessly(變革的河流一直在無情地流淌)”可知，變化一直都在發(fā)生，由此可知，劃線詞組的意思和“停止、緩慢下來”相似。選項A“Beingpumped(興奮)”；選項B“Slowingdown(慢下來)”；選項C“Gettingpolluted(被污染)”；選項D“Risingup(上升)”。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Putthesequalitiestogetherandtheresultisagreatendurance,onethathelpsyoumaintainyourstrongcoreeveninfragilemoments.Itallowsyoutostepintoallostasis’scycleoforder,disorderandreorder—whichis,ofcourse,oneandthesamewithsteppingintoHeraclitus’sriver—andtochartitskillfullyandwheneverpossible,toyourownbenefit.(把這些品質(zhì)放在一起，結果是一個偉大的耐力，一個幫助你保持強大的核心，即使在脆弱的時刻。它能讓你進入異穩(wěn)態(tài)的有序、無序和再有序的循環(huán)——當然，這與踏入赫拉克利特的河流是一樣的——并在可能的時候，為了你自己的利益，巧妙地繪制它的圖表。)”可知，通過實踐“allostasis”，我們可以通過擁抱變化并從中找到穩(wěn)定性，可以獲得出色的耐力和技巧性地規(guī)劃自己的道路。故選D。【31題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Manypeoplehavetenserelationshipswithchange.Theydenyit,resistitorattempttocontrolit-theresultofwhichisalmostalwayssomecombinationofstress,anxiety,andburnout.(很多人對改變的態(tài)度都很緊張。他們否認、抵制或試圖控制它——其結果幾乎總是壓力、焦慮和倦怠的結合。)”、第三段“Itdoesn’thavetobethatway.(事情并不一定要這樣。)”再結合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要討論了適應變化和在變化中找到穩(wěn)定性的重要性，并強調(diào)了通過擁抱變化并從中找到穩(wěn)定性，我們可以獲得出色的耐力和技巧性地規(guī)劃自己的道路。因此，最佳標題是選項B“StopResistingChange(停止抗拒變化)”。故選B。DGrowingup,IfeltthatIlearnedsomethingsquicklyandotherthingspainfullyslowly.PickingupFrenchandSpanishseemedtocomenaturally,whilepaintinganddrawingrequiredalotofpractice.Ithoughtthatsomepeoplejusthaveatalentforlanguages;othersdon’t.You’veprobablyfeltthesameway—thatcertainthingswereeasierforyoutolearn.Andsodidmyresearchpartners.Sowesetouttoidentifywhatmakessomepeoplelearnfasterthanothers.Ifwecouldjustdistill(提取)theseuniquecharacteristics,wethought,wewouldbeabletocreatebetterlearningenvironments—andmakeeveryoneafastlearner.Inourstudy,wemodeldatafromstudentperformanceongroupsoftasksthatassessthesameskillcomponentandthatprovidefollow-upinstructionsonstudenterrors.Ourmodelsestimatetheincreaseincorrectnessaftereachpracticeopportunity.Weappliedourmodelsto1.3millionobservationsacross27datasetsofstudentinteractionswithonlinepracticesystemsinthecontextofelementarytocollegecourses.Incontrast,andmuchtooursurprise,wefoundstudentstobeastonishinglysimilarinestimatedlearningrate.Therearenosuchthingsasfastandslowlearners!Wefindthatatypicalstudentneedsaboutsevenlearningopportunitiestomasteratypicalknowledgecomponent.Theystartatdifferentlevelsofproficiencybut,whenprovidedwithhigh-qualitypracticeopportunities,theylearnataboutthesamespeed.Yes,theywillendindifferentplaces-butthat’sbecausetheyhavedifferentstartinglines,notbecausetheyarequickerorslowertolearn.Thatmeansthetypesofopportunitiesyougetareimportant.Detailed,timelyfeedbackandhintsprovidefavorableconditionsthatallowyoutoconsistentlymakeprogress,regardlessofwhereyoubegan.Don’tthinkyou’realoneiflearningfeelsslowandeffortful.Dotry,tryagain.Youcanmakeasmuchprogressaseveryoneelse—andsocantheyoungpeopleinyourlife.Achievementgapsaretheresultofopportunitygaps,notindividualdifferencesinlearningspeed.32.Whatistheauthor’spreviousthoughtaccordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs?A.Hecan’tlearnpaintinganddrawing. B.Allpeoplehaveatalentforlanguages.C.Peoplelearnthingsinthesameway. D.Peoplehavedifferentlearningspeeds.33.Whatdidtheresearchersdointheresearch?A.Teachelementarycourses. B.Criticizestudents’mistakes.C.Applytheirmodelsextensively. D.Distinguishthefastandslowlearners.34.Howcanastudentmakegreaterachievementsaccordingtotheresearch?A.Byusinghigh-qualityequipment. B.Bydoingmoreefficientpractice.C.Bycompetingwithotherstudents. D.Byincreasinglearningspeed.35.Whatisthebesttitleofthetext?A.ThereIsNoSuchThingsasaFastLearner B.HowWeCanLearnFasterthanOthersC.ThereIsNoDifferenceBetweenStudents D.WhyEducationIsImportanttoUs【答案】32.D33.C34.B35.A【解析】【導語】本文為一篇議論文，主要論述了學習成就差距是機會差距的結果，而不是學習方面的個人差異，所以，沒有學得快這類事。【32題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Growingup,IfeltthatIlearnedsomethingsquicklyandotherthingspainfullyslowly.(在成長過程中，我覺得有些東西學得很快，有些東西學得很慢)”及“Ithoughtthatsomepeoplejusthaveatalentforlanguages;othersdon’t.(我以為有些人就是有語言天賦；其他人則沒有)”及第二段“You’veprobablyfeltthesameway—thatcertainthingswereeasierforyoutolearn.(你可能也有同樣的感覺——某些東西對你來說更容易學會)”可知，作者原來的觀點是有些人學得快，有的人學得慢，有些東西對某些人來說更容易，即，人們有不同的學習速度。故選D?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Weappliedourmodelsto1.3millionobservationsacross27datasetsofstudentinteractionswithonlinepracticesystemsinthecontextofelementarytocollegecourses.(我們將我們的模型應用于27個數(shù)據(jù)集的130萬個觀察結果，這些數(shù)據(jù)集是學生在小學到大學課程背景下與在線練習系統(tǒng)的互動)”可知，研究者將數(shù)據(jù)模型應用于130萬個觀察結果，可以說是廣泛應用了數(shù)據(jù)模型。故選C。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Theystartatdifferentlevelsofproficiencybut,whenprovidedwithhigh-qualitypracticeopportunities,theylearnataboutthesamespeed.(他們開始時的熟練程度不同，但當提供高質(zhì)量的練習機會時，他們的學習速度大致相同)”及第五段“Thatmeansthetypesofopportunitiesyougetareimportant.Detailed,timelyfeedbackandhintsprovidefavorableconditionsthatallowyoutoconsistentlymakeprogress,regardlessofwhereyoubegan.(這意味著你獲得的機會類型很重要。無論你從哪里開始，詳細、及時的反饋和提示都能為你持續(xù)進步提供有利條件)”及最后一段“Achievementgapsaretheresultofopportunitygaps,notindividualdifferencesinlearningspeed.(成績差距是機會差距的結果，而不是學習速度的個體差異)”可推知，高質(zhì)量和效率的練習能讓學生獲得更大的學習成就。故選B?！?5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Incontrast,andmuchtooursurprise,wefoundstudentstobeastonishinglysimilarinestimatedlearningrate.Therearenosuchthingsasfastandslowlearners!(相比之下，令我們驚訝的是，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)學生在估計的學習速度上驚人地相似。學習速度沒有快慢之分)”及最后一段“Achievementgapsaretheresultofopportunitygaps,notindividualdifferencesinlearningspeed.(成績差距是機會差距的結果，而不是學習速度的個體差異)”并結合全文內(nèi)容可知，文章主要介紹學習成就差距是機會差距的結果，而不是學習方面的個人差異，所以，沒有學得快這類事，A選項“沒有所謂的快速學習者”符合本文主旨，適合作為最佳標題。故選A。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Ifyou’relookingforwaystoimproveyourproductivity,chancesare,you’vecomeacrossatermcalledtimeboxing(時間定量法).____36____Thisistheoppositeofthe“normal”wayofworking,whichistojustworkonataskuntilit’sdone.Timeboxingcanincreaseyourproductivityinmanyways.____37____Chooseashortperiodoftimeandthenworkwithoutdistractionsforthisamountoftime.Twenty-fiveminutesisn’tmuch,andevenifyoufeelastrongdesiretodosomethingdistracting,justpushthroughthisshorttimeperiod.Andyou’llbesurprisedabouthowmuchyoucangetdonein25minutesifyoudon’tallowanydistractionstotakeawayyourattention.Italsogivesyoucontroloveryourtime.Thismeansthatyou’reinchargeofyourownworkandlife,nottheotherwayaround.____38____Insteadofjustworkingonanygiventaskuntilit’sdone,youdecidehowmuchtimeyou’llgiveitinadvance.Givensomanybenefitsoftimeboxing,whynotuseittoincreaseproductivity?Toachieveit,youneedtodeterminehowmuchtimeyouneedforatask.Totrackthetimeyoureallyneedforatask,youobviouslyneedatimer(計時器).Chancesarethatyou’lltakelongerifyoudon’tuseatimer.____39____Don’tallowanydistractionsduringatimebox._