2025年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試考前點(diǎn)題卷一VIP

2025年大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四級(jí)考試考前點(diǎn)題卷一[問(wèn)答題]1.TheImportanceofSettingGoalsinLife正確答案：詳見解析參考解析：高分范文TheImportance（江南博哥）ofSettingGoalsinLifeSettinggoalsinourlifeislikehavingamapthattellsusthedirection.Whengoalsareset，wewon'twasteourtimegoingaroundincirclesorarrivingnowhereontheroadofourlife.Firstly，goalsprovideuswithdirections.Havingagoal，wecanknowwhatwewant，focusourmindonthetarget，andwewon'twasteourtimeandenergyonirrelevantthings.Secondly，goalskeepusmotivatedandgiveusanimmenseincentivetomoveforward.Inaddition，settinggoalsisthefirststeptosuccess.Ithelpsformulateactionplansandimplementthestepsweneedtotake.Weneedtosetshort-termgoalsatdifferentstagesinordertoachieveourlifelongambition.Toconclude，withafirmgoal，wewillhaveabetterchancetogetwhatwewant，andourlifecanreallybecomemeaningful.共享題干題Bullyingisadistinctivepatternofharmingandhumiliatingothers.Thosewhoareinsomewaysmaller,weaker，youngerormore26_____thanthebullyoftenfallvictims.Bullyingisnotcommonaggression;itisadeliberateandrepeated27_____tocauseharmtoothersoflesserpower.Bulliesaremade，notborn，andithappensatanearlyage，ifthe28_____aggressionof2-year-oldsisn'thandledwell.Manystudiesshowthatbullieslackpro-socialbehavior，are29_____byanxiety，anddonotfeelempathyforothers'situations.Thosewhochronicallybullyhavestrainedrelationshipswithparentsandpeers.Bulliescouldn'texistwithoutvictims，andtheydon'tpickonjustanyone—those30_____outlackassertivenessandradiatefearlongbeforetheyeverencounterabully.Thepsychologicaldifficultiesvictimsexperiencedinchildhoodandadolescencemayproducenegative31_____wellintoadulthood.Unfortunately,parents，teachers，andotheradultsarenot32_____awareofhowwidespreadbullyingisandhowdamagingitcanbetopsychologicalhealth.Increasingly，childrenaregrowingupwithoutthekindsofexperiencesthatleadtothedevelopmentofsocialskills，andfreeplayhasbeenin33_____.Yet，it'sinplayingwithpeers，withoutadultmonitoring，thatchildren34_____theskillsthatmakethemweU-likedbyage-matesandlearnhowtosolvesocialproblems.Butchildrenlearnalotabout35_____theirsocialworldsbyseekingguidancefromtheirparents，sodiscussingwithyourchildrennormsandvaluesdoesmatter.[單選題]1.空白處26.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：O參考解析：空格位于連詞or之后，與之并列的smaller、weaker和younger均為形容詞，因此，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞且感情色彩應(yīng)與前面幾個(gè)單詞一致，故選O）vulnerable“脆弱的，易受……傷害的”。[單選題]2.空白處27.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：C參考解析：空格位于不定冠詞和形容詞之后，應(yīng)填入可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)形式。上文提到，“霸凌是一種傷害和羞辱他人的獨(dú)特形式”，而空格所在句提到“霸凌不是一般的攻擊性行為，而是故意的、反復(fù)的對(duì)弱小者造成傷害的____?！币虼丝赏茢鄳?yīng)填入C）attempt“試圖，嘗試”，attempt作名詞時(shí)可數(shù)。備選項(xiàng)中的J）preferences“偏愛的事物，喜愛的東西”雖然句意上說(shuō)得通，但它是名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式，不能和不定冠詞a搭配，故排除。[單選題]3.空白處28.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：H參考解析：空格位于定冠詞和名詞之間，應(yīng)填入形容詞作定語(yǔ)。上文提到，“霸凌不是一般的攻擊性行為”，if引導(dǎo)的從句假設(shè)“兩歲孩子的____攻擊行為得不到妥善處理”，就會(huì)出現(xiàn)主句中交代的“小小年紀(jì)就會(huì)出現(xiàn)霸凌行為”，推測(cè)得知這時(shí)的攻擊行為應(yīng)該屬于程度比較輕的、比較常見的行為，對(duì)應(yīng)上文的common，因此填入H)normal“一般的，正常的”。備選項(xiàng)中的F)indifferent作“冷淡的”講時(shí)，一般用來(lái)修飾人而非行為；作“一般的”講時(shí)，指的是質(zhì)量、技藝方面一般，不符合此處語(yǔ)境，故排除。[單選題]4.空白處29.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：N參考解析：空格位于系動(dòng)詞和介詞by之間，應(yīng)填入形容詞或動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)?？崭袂昂蟮牟⒘薪Y(jié)構(gòu)中出現(xiàn)了lackpro-socialbehavior“缺乏親社會(huì)行為”和donotfeelempathy“缺乏同理心”這樣的表達(dá)，要保持感情色彩一致，故應(yīng)填入N)untroubled“不受影響的，不為所動(dòng)的”，表示霸凌者不會(huì)受焦慮影響。備選項(xiàng)中的F)indifferent作“冷淡的”講時(shí)，一般搭配介詞to，故排除。[單選題]5.空白處30.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：L參考解析：空格位于主語(yǔ)those之后，本來(lái)應(yīng)該是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，但空格后已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了動(dòng)詞lack和radiate充當(dāng)謂語(yǔ)，故推測(cè)空格處極有可能是后置定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾主語(yǔ)those且能和out搭配，應(yīng)填入形容詞或過(guò)去分詞。破折號(hào)前面提到“霸凌者并不是隨便挑選受害者的”，破折號(hào)后的句子解釋說(shuō)明了受害者的特點(diǎn)，由此可知，空格處指的是“被挑選出來(lái)的”，修飾代指“受害者”的those，故選L）singled，動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)singleout意為“挑出，選出”，singledout為過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ)。[單選題]6.空白處31.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：I參考解析：空格前為謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞produce和形容詞negative，因此空格應(yīng)填入名詞作produce的賓語(yǔ)，而且前面無(wú)不定冠詞，故應(yīng)填入可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞?？崭袼诰涮岬绞芎φ咴趦和颓嗌倌陼r(shí)期經(jīng)歷的心理困難會(huì)在他們成年時(shí)期產(chǎn)生負(fù)面____，可推知這些經(jīng)歷對(duì)他們?cè)斐闪素?fù)面影響，故應(yīng)填入I）outcomes“后果，結(jié)果”，negativeoutcomes表示“消極的后果”。[單選題]7.空白處32.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：M參考解析：空格所在句結(jié)構(gòu)完整，因此應(yīng)填入副詞修飾謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或整句話。上文提到霸凌會(huì)對(duì)受害者造成不良影響，本句以u(píng)nfortunately“不幸的是”開頭，由此可知霸凌行為并沒有得到社會(huì)各方的充分認(rèn)識(shí)，故填入M)sufficiently“充分地，足夠地”。B）alarmingly“驚人地，值得警惕地”一般放在消極意義的形容詞前面作程度副詞，不符合此處語(yǔ)境，故排除。[單選題]8.空白處33.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：D參考解析：空格所在句子已有主語(yǔ)和系動(dòng)詞部分freeplayhasbeen，空格前面又出現(xiàn)了介詞，因此應(yīng)填入名詞，和介詞in一起構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)作表語(yǔ)。空格前一個(gè)并列分句提到“越來(lái)越多的孩子缺乏可以培養(yǎng)社交技能的各類體驗(yàn)”，空格后的句子又強(qiáng)調(diào)了讓孩子自由玩耍的重要性，由此推測(cè)，自由玩耍是越來(lái)越少的，indecline意為“下降”，故選D）decline“減少，下降”。[單選題]9.空白處34.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：A參考解析：空格所在句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，把it's和that去掉后，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)句子已經(jīng)有了主語(yǔ)children和賓語(yǔ)skills以及修飾賓語(yǔ)的定語(yǔ)從句thatmakethemwell-likedbyage-mates，因此空格處只能填入動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)，且能和后面的動(dòng)詞原形learn一起構(gòu)成并列謂語(yǔ)，故選和learn“學(xué)習(xí)”意義相近的A)acquire“掌握，獲得”。[單選題]10.空白處35.應(yīng)填A(yù).acquireB.alarminglyC.attemptD.declineE.droppedF.indifferentGnavigatingHnormalIoutcomesJpreferencesKrestrainingLsingledMsufficientlyNuntroubledOvulnerable正確答案：G參考解析：空格位于介詞about和名詞結(jié)構(gòu)theirsocialworlds之間，應(yīng)填入動(dòng)詞的-ing形式構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞詞組作介詞賓語(yǔ)，備選項(xiàng)中只剩G）navigating和K)restraining。K)restraining“控制，阻止”一般指的是控制情緒或者抑制某種結(jié)果的產(chǎn)生，搭配socialworlds“社交圈”說(shuō)不通，故排除。G)navigating“駕馭，成功應(yīng)對(duì)”符合此處語(yǔ)境，故為答案。(A)AmongtheboutiquesinthecanaldistrictofAmsterdamisashoeshop，calledW-21，thathasaselectionofstylishfootwearinthewindow.Aselectgroupofcustomerswererecentlyinvitedtheretohavetheirfeetscannedbyalaser，andthentospend30secondswalkingonamodifiedtreadmillinaspecialpairofshoesstuffedwithaccelerometers，pressuregauges，thermometersandhygrometers.Allthisgeneratedawealthofdata，whichwasdisplayedonalargescreenalongwithamodelofhowthewalker'sfeetweremoving.(B)Fromthesedataanalgorithmdeterminedtheidealsolesforthecustomer'sshoes.Upstairs，acoupleof3Dprintersbeganhummingawaytomakethosesoles.Inabouttwohourstheywerereadytobefittedtoanewpairofshoes，uniquelytailoredtoeachperson'sfeet.(C)Somelevelofcustomisationisnothingnewforbuyersofapparel.Butthereisabigdifferencebetweenclothes，whicharerelativelystraightforwardtotailorandalter，andshoes，whicharesolidandcomposedoflotsofmaterialsthatrequiredifferentskillsandspecialequipmenttoproduce.Itispossibletoacquireorthopaedicandspecialistshoes，suchasskiboots，inwhichthesoleshavebeenshapedtosuitanindividual'sfeet.Completelytailor-madeshoesarealsoavailableifyouhavedeeppocketsandarepatient.Atthetopendofthemarket，JohnLobb，aLondonbootmakerestablishedin1866，willhappilyhand-stitchyouapairofOxfordbrogues(粗革厚底皮鞋)shapedaroundeverydimpleandbumpinyourfeet，buttheywillcost￡4,000($5,500)andmaytakesixmonthstodeliver.WhatwasgoingoninAmsterdamwasanexperimentbyECCO，alargeDanishshoebrandthatownsW-21，tobringbespokeshoemakingtothemass-markethighstreet.(D)Lobb，andfirmslikeit，makeshoesusingpatternscalledlasts.Thesearesolidblocksofwoodcarvedpreciselyintotheshapeofacustomer'sfeet.Thetimeandlabourrequiredtocreatetheselastsexplainthecostandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]11.Youneedtospendalargeamountofmoneyandwaitforalongtimetogetapairofhand-stitchedOxfordbroguesfromJohnLobb.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)正確答案：C參考解析：由題干中的hand-stitched、Oxfordbrogues和JohnLobb定位到原文C）段第五句。定位句提到，在高端市場(chǎng)，一家成立于1866年的倫敦鞋店約翰·洛布，將很樂(lè)意為你手工縫制一雙貼合雙腳的牛津布洛克鞋，但這雙鞋的價(jià)格是4，000英鎊（5，500美元），并且可能要等六個(gè)月才能交貨。由此可知，你需要花費(fèi)一大筆錢并且等待很長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間才能從約翰·洛布鞋店得到一雙手工縫制的牛津布洛克鞋。題干中的spendalargeamountofmoney和waitforalongtime分別對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的cost￡4，000($5，500)和takesixmonths；題干中的get是原文中deliver的同義轉(zhuǎn)述，故C）為答案。costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]12.NikeandAdidasnowoffercustomisedservices，butmainlytotopsportsmen.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)正確答案：G參考解析：由題干中的NikeandAdidas、customisedservices和topsportsmen定位到原文G）段第二句。定位句提到，像耐克和阿迪達(dá)斯這樣的大品牌也在打印一些能安裝在高端運(yùn)動(dòng)鞋上的部件，盡管個(gè)人定制化服務(wù)在很大程度上僅限于為頂級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員制作跑鞋。由此可知，耐克和阿迪達(dá)斯現(xiàn)在也提供定制服務(wù)，但主要對(duì)象是頂級(jí)運(yùn)動(dòng)員。題干中的customisedservices是原文中customisation的同義轉(zhuǎn)述；“offer...mainlyto”對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的largelybeenlimitedto;sportsmen是原文中athletes的同義詞，故G)為答案。costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]13.ECCO'smidsolesaremadebyGermanRepRap3DprinterswiththededicatedsiliconeoftheDowChemicalCompany.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)正確答案：E參考解析：由題干中的GermanRepRap、silicone和theDowChemicalCompany定位到原文E）段第一、二句。定位句提到，一旦中底的設(shè)計(jì)完成了，描述它們的電腦文件就會(huì)被轉(zhuǎn)至3D打印機(jī)上。這些打印機(jī)是由一家名為德國(guó)RepRap的公司生產(chǎn)的，被改裝用于打印陶氏化學(xué)公司為此目的而研發(fā)的一種硅膠。由上文可知，該段在具體介紹ECCO如何制作鞋子，故段首的midsole是指ECCO'smidsoles；定位句第二句句首的these指代上一句中的the3Dprinters，因此題于中的GermanRepRap3Dprinters對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的thesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRap;thededicatedsilicone對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的“siliconedeveloped...forthispurpose”，故E)為答案。costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.Ifallgoeswell,Quant-Ucouldbeintroducedinsomestoresforwalk-incustomers.G)Othershoemakersarealsotryingnewproductiontechniques.BignamessuchasNikeandAdidasareprintingsomeofthecomponentsthatgointotheirhigh-endtrainers，althoughindividualcustomisationhaslargelybeenlimitedtomakingrunningshoesfortopathletes.(H)Smallerconcerns，too，areshowinganinterestinbespokeautomation.InMilanAndreaandFrancescoCarpineti，andtheircolleagueMicheleLuconi，aretryingtoblendthenewwiththeold.Theirstartup,DesignItalianShoes(DIS)，providesshoeshopswithadevicetheycalltheTotemTouchScreen.Customersplacetheirfeetinthebottomofthisdevicetohavethemscanned.Theythenuseatouchscreentoselectastyleoftheshoesandtocustomiseit，fromcolourstomaterials，typesofthesolesandeventheeyeletsandlaces.Some50mcombinationsareavailable.Personalmonograms(交織字母)andinscriptionscanbeadded.(I)Insteadofsendingthedesigntoa3D-printer，DISpassesittoagroupofartisanshoemakersinthe"shoesvalley"ofLeMarche，aregionineasternItalythatisfamousforitscobblers(鞋匠).Whichcraftsmanapairofshoesisassignedtodependsonthestyletobemade，foreachhashisspecificareasofexpertise.Hewillthenmaketheshoesbyhand，usingapairofexistinglaststhataretheclosestmatchavailabletothedatafromtheTotem.TheCarpinetibrothersclaimthatthefirmcan，inthisway，rustleupapairofhandmadeOxfordsinaslittleastendays，forabout￡360—lessthanatenthofLobb'sprice.Thecompanyhopestooffercompletelybespokesizeseventually，usingfeetscanstocreatedigitallasts，whichwouldgeneratepatternsforleatherandothercomponentsofashoe.(J)Thecompanydecidedtoadoptthismarriageofhigh-techandlow-tech，saysAndreaCarpineti，tohelppreserveshoemakingjobsinLeMarche.Sofar，15shoeshopsinEuropehaveTotemsinstalled，andheexpectsthedevicestobeinseveralhundredstoresinChinasoon.Onewayoranother，then，shoemakersarestridingtowardsabespokefuture.[單選題]14.ItisfasterandcheapertogetDIS'handmadeOxfordsthanLobb'ssinceitsshoemakersuseexistinglastsinsteadofcreatingnewones.A.A)B.B)C.C)D.D)E.E)F.F)GG)HH)II)JJ)正確答案：I參考解析：由題干中的fasterandcheaper、DIS'handmadeOxfords和existinglasts定位到原文I）段第三、四句。定位句的第一句提到，他會(huì)使用一雙現(xiàn)有的鞋楦進(jìn)行手工制作，這是與圖騰觸摸屏中的數(shù)據(jù)最接近的匹配。由本段前兩句可知，該句句首的he指代DIS的craftsman，即鞋匠，故DIS鞋匠使用的是現(xiàn)有鞋楦而不是制作新鞋楦。緊接著定位句的第二句指出這么做的結(jié)果是，卡爾皮內(nèi)蒂兄弟聲稱，用這種方法，他們的公司能很快做好一雙手工牛津鞋，只用花費(fèi)短短十天和大約360英鎊——不到洛布牛津鞋價(jià)格的十分之一。由上一段可知，theCarpinetibrothers所說(shuō)的thefirm是指他們的小公司DIS，因此，與洛布的手工牛津鞋相比，顧客能以更快的速度和更便宜的價(jià)格獲得DIS的手工牛津鞋。題干中的faster和cheaper分別對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的aslittleastendays和about￡360，故I）為答案。costandtardinessofthefinishedproduct.ThoughECCOstillusesshoesmadeinstandardsizes，atleastfornow，itcustomisesthemidsole.Thisisthepartofashoethatfitsbetweentheoutsole(thebottomoftheshoethatcomesintocontactwiththeground)andtheinsole(onwhichthefootrests).Themidsoleisthefunctionalheartofashoe，saysPatrizioCarlucci，theheadofECCO'sInnovationLab，whichisinchargeoftheproject.Onthebasisofthelaserscans，ofdatafromtheshoesensorsandtreadmilltests，andofinformationaboutthecustomer(someonewhostandsaroundalotmayrequireasofterfeelthandoesanotherwhowalkseverywhere)，individualisedleftandrightmidsolesareengineeredtosuitthepersonconcerned.(E)Oncethemidsoledesignsarecomplete，thecomputerfiledescribingthemistransferredtothe3Dprinters.ThesearemadebyafirmcalledGermanRepRapandareadaptedtoprintatypeofsiliconedevelopedbytheDowChemicalCompanyforthispurpose.Theprintersbuildlayersofsiliconeintohundredsofcloselypackedcells.Theshapeandsizeofeachcellvariesthroughoutthemidsole，toprovidetherequireddistributionofsupport.Whencomplete，themidsolesareinsertedintoapairofshoeschosenbythecustomer.(F)Furthertrialsoftheproductionsystem，whichECCOcallsQuant-U，willbeheldinW-21laterthisyearandatotherstoresaroundtheworldasthecompanycontinuestodeveloptheprocessandtakeaccountoffeedbackfromcustomerswhotakepart.Atthemoment，ECCOischargingapremiumofaround￡100($120)orsoontopofthepriceoftheshoesforthebespokesole-designingservice.