2020-2021學(xué)年云南某中學(xué)高三（上）月考英語試卷（三）（附答案詳解）

2020-2021學(xué)年云南師大附中高三（上）月考英語試卷（三）

LonelyPlanetTrips

HerearesometraveldestinationsbyLonelyPlanet.Readingthem,you'llbeinaflash.

Bhutan

TheKingdomofBhutan,locatedontheSilkRoadinSouthAsia,claimedtheNo.lspotpartlyforits

majesticbeautyandbecauseiihadbecome(hefirstfullyorganicnationby2020.Thekingdomhaslush

subtropicalplainsinthesouthandsub-alpineHimalayanmountainsinthenorth,whichincludeGangkhar

Pucnsum,Bhutan'shighestpeakandisbelievedtobethehighestunciimbedmountainintheworld.

NorthMacedonia

IfyouwantanalternativetoEurope'smorepopulartravelspots,NorthMacedoniacouldbeforyou.Its

niouinaiiisandtlieii(railsare"blissfullyquiet"andthelocalsaie"unfailinglyhelpful"accoidingtoLonely

Planet.AmongitsdestinationsisOhrid,acharming,oldtowndottedwithmedievalruinsandchurches,

linedwithcobblestonestreets,andoverlookingLakeOhrid.

eswatini

Thekingdomoffersmultitudinousclimateandtopographydifferences,andisknownfbritswidevarieties

ofwildanimals,whichincludemorethan500birdspeciesand107mammalspccics.Thcnationhasseven

naturereserves,(burfrontierconservationareasandthreewildlifereserves.

CostaRica

CostaRicaisbelovedformanyreasons,fromitscoffeetoitsepicsurfing.It'salsonotableforitsreliance

ongreenenergysources.Infact,90%ofitsenergyiscreatedbyregenerativesourcessuchaswindand

hydro.ltisalsooneoftheworld'smostbiodiversecountries-hometohalfamillionspccies.Ofcourse,

notriptoCoslaRicaiscompletewithoutavisittotheSlothSanctuary.

1.WliatcanlouiislsappiccialcinbothBhulanandNorthMacedonia?

A.Organicproducts.B.Subtropicaljungles.

C.Medievalarchitecture.D.Mountainscenery.

2.Whichofthefollowingfeatureseswatini?

A.Pleasantquietness.B.Topographyvarieties.

C.Abundantwildlife.D.Cobblestonestreets.

3.WhatisCostaRicadistinguishedfor?

A.Renewableresources.B.Biodiverseplants.

C.Frontierpreserves.D.TheSilkRoad.

B

HeZehui,aChinesenuclearphysicist,accomplishedgreatthingsinphysicsandbecameanoutstanding

scientist.

Herfamilyisfamousforproducingthreefamouswomenscientists,includinghertwosisters.She

graduatedfromTsinghuaUniversityin1936withadegreeinphysics,andthenwentontostudyatthe

TechnicalUniversityofBerlin,whereshewasthetopinherclass,outperformingherfuturehusbandQian

Sanqiang—China's"fatheroftheatomicbomb".In1940,sheearnedaPh.D.inEngineering.

Thecouplemadegreatdiscoveriesinthefieldofuraniumfission(鈾核裂變),whichdrewglobal

attentionandearnedthemworldwidereputations?alsomarkingamilestoneinthedevelopmentofChina's

experimentalfissionphysics.ManyWesternmediacalledthecouplethe"MarieCurieandPierreCurieof

China".

AsoneofthepioneersinnuclearscienceandtechnologyinChina,ProfessorHecontributedagreatdeal

tonuclearphysics.Duringthe1950s,shestartedtheresearchanddevelopmentofnuclearemulsions(核

乳膠)inChinaand(heirresearchreachedtheadvancedworldlevela((hattime.Heandherresearchgroup

tooktheleadinbuildingChinasfirstnuclearreactorandaccclcrator.ShcwasawardedthefirstAwardof

(heNationalPrizeofNaturalSciencesformakingoutstandingachievementsinsupportingthenational

programofnuclearweapondevelopment.

Throughouthercareer,Heconqueredmanyobstacles,andwasalwaysonthefrontlinesofChina's

science-relatedwork.Shepublisheddozensofpapersyetplacedlittlevalueonpersonalfame.Theworld's

topphysicistsrecognizedHeasafamousscientist,"ChineseMadameCurie".

HepassedawayinBeijingin2011attheageof97,nearly20yearsafterQianSanqiang.Shededicated

herselftoscience,livingasimplelife,alwaysnurturingyoungresearchersandmaintainingthehighest

standardsthatshehadalwaysvalucd.Shclovedhercountryandscience；tobothsheisnowanicon.

4.Wha(isthefocusofparagraph2aboutHeZehui?

A.Identitybackground.B.Characterpersonalities.

C.Educationexperiences.D.Professioncompetence.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutQianSanqiang?

A.Hediedfollowinghiswifein1991.

B.HewontheNationalPrizeofNaturalSciences.

C.HeassistedHeZehuitodevelopfissionphysics.

D.HeisalsoaremarkableChinesescientist.

6.WhyisHeZehuiacknowledgedas"TheChineseMarieCurie"?

A.Forhergreatcontributionstonuclearphysics.

B.Forheraccomplishmentintheatomicbomb.

C.Forhercontinuousachievementinnaturalscience.

D.Forherresearchofnuclearemulsions.

7.HowcanwefittinglydescribeHeZehui?

A.Ambitious,talented,consen?ativcanddetermined.

R.Unselfish,patriotic,indifferenttofameanddevotedloscience.

C.Aggressive,imaginative,stronginmindandkindinheart.

D.Knowledgeable,awesome,creativeandsociable.

c

NewCharacterfromSesameStreet

Asameansofofferingcomforttokidsfromeverywalkoflife,SesameStreetisintroducinganew

characterwholivesinafoster(寄養(yǎng)的)home.

Karli,thefosterkid,andher"for—now"parents,DaliaandClem,areallbeingshowninaseriesof

SesameStreetvideos,stoi-ybooks,andinteractiveactivitiestooffersupporttochildren,fosterparents,

andfostercareproviders.

SesameWorkshop,thenonprofiteducationalorganizationbehindtheshow,saystheyarestartingtheir

movementsaspartoftheirSesameStreetinCommunityprograni.ltprovidesfree,easy-to-useresources

forcommunityprovidersandcaregiversonarangeoftopics,includingtoughissueslikefamily

homelessnessandexperiences,tohelpthemsupportchildrenastheyexploretheworldoffostercare,

andtheyprovidesimple,approachabletoolstohelpchildrenfeelsafer.

ThenumberofchildreninfostercareintheUShasgrownfbrfivecontinuousyears.Inresponseto(he

growingneedforresourcestoservechildreninfostercare,SesameWorkshoppartneredwithnational

expertsonfostercarc.Thcresourcesincludeprovenstrategicstoimproverelationshipsbetweencaring

adultsandchildrenandreducetheeffectsoftraumaticexperiences.

"Fosteringachildtakespatience*adaptability,andsacrifice,and\vcknowthatcaringadultsholdthe

powertoreduce(heeffectsoftraumaticexperiencesonyoungchildren,°saysDr.JeaneiteBetancourt,

SeniorVicePresidentofUSSocialImpactatSesameWorkshop,"Wewantfosterparentsandprovidersto

hearthatwhattheydoisvital?astheyhavedifficultybuildingandrebuildingfamilystructuresand

children'ssenseofsafety."

8.HowdoesSesameStreetdifferwithnewrolesadded?

presenceofgoldinwasteproductsandman-madeelectronics.

However,thosehopingtogetfreegoldfromthefungiarcinforadisappointment,forthedelicatefungus

ishardtosee.Also,itsgoldcanonlybeseenunderamicroscope.

12.Whataretheexpertsstarvedof?

A.Investigatingthesites.B.Excavatingthegoldmines.

C.Gettingfurtherinformed.D.Unearthinggolddeposits.

13.WhatcouldbelearnedaccordingtoDr.Bohu?

A.Fungi'sinteractionwithgoldisunexpectedbutbeneficial.

B.Gold'sclassificationisbiologicallyidentifiedbyfungi.

C.Fungi'sformationwithgoldisfairlynaturalandfrequent.

D.Goldischemicallyaccumulatedbyfungi'sevolution.

14.Howdoestheauthorfindthefinding?

A.Itexcitesthegolddiggers'motivation.

B.Ithasalongwaytogobeforeconfirmation.

C.Itlaysthefoundationofgeologicalstudies.

D.Itensuresthesearchofgoldsites.

15.Whatcanbethesuitabletitleforthetext?

A.Beauty-lovingFungiWrappedbyGold

B.Gold-lovingFungiDiscoveredinAustralia

C.Boddington*Austria'sLargestGoldMine

D.NewDiscoveryofGoldwithFungi

WhyGratitudeIsSignificant

AsfarasI'mconcerned,nomatterwhatyou'regoingthrough,thereisalwaysareasontobethankful.But

notonlythat-beingthankfulmightjustbeexactlywhatyouneedtodoifyou'regoingthroughatough

time.(I)

Researchersfoundthathavingagratefulattitudehelpsstrengthenone'simmunesystem,lowerblood

pressure,improvesleepandmotivatepeopletoexerciseregularly.(2)Practicinggratitudealsohasbeen

associatedwithbetterqualityoflifeforindividualswhostrugglewithstress,anxietyanddepression.

Havinggonethroughaperiodofdepressionmyselfaftercancersurgery10yearsago,Icantellyouthis

illnesscanbesevere.(3)IknewIwasintroublewhenIcouldn'teatorsleep.lttookmewelloverayearto

comeoutof(hatdarkvalley.

DuringthattimeIsoughtformsoftreatmentfordepression,includingprofessionalcounselingand

exercise.Onethingrecommendedtomebyacounselorwaskeepingagratitudejournal.(4)Thissimple

exerciseliftsmysightoutof(hedarknessandhelpsmeseethetrutharound：therearcpeoplewholoveand

careforyou,there'spurposeinlife.

(5)Inreality,thereisnosinglecureforit.Ifsuffering,youmayprefertoseekprofessionalcounselingand

carc.Still,Iwouldencourageyoutopracticegratitudc.Thinkofafewthingsyoucanthanklifefor.You

mightbesurprisedbyhowsignificantaneffectitcanhave.

A.Everyday,IwouldseidownthreethingsIwasthankfulforinlife.

B.NowIrealizedepressiondocsnotgoawaybypracticingasingleexercise.

C.ItitselfcaiTiesahostofhealthbenefits.

D.Bcinggratefulaccountsforyourrecovery.

E.Gratiludeisgoodforyourmind,bodyandsoul.

F.Depressionmakesyoufeelasifyouaredeadinside.

G.Forexample,Iwouldsincerelyconveymygraiiludeloudly.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

AdisabledteenistowalktherunwayatNewYorkFashionWeek.WhenNewYorkFashionWeek(21),

a15-ycar-oldfromBelAir,Marylandwillbeoneofthc(22)models,whohasccrcbralpalsy(腦癱).

FaithGuilbaultissetto(23)Kohl'slatestadaptiveclothing,(24)designedforpeoplewithdisabilities.

Theteenisn'tnewtothe(25).WhenFaithwasjust12,shewalkedinTommyHilfiger'sshow,(26)the

brand'sadaptivefashionline.ThelinewascreatedtohelptheoneinfiveAmericanslivingwithadisability

havemore(27)lives.

"Adaptiveclothinghasspecialsnaps(掘扣)，"Faithsaid."Thcrc'rethingstohelpyou(28)yourpantson

andoff."

ForteenslikeFaith,adaptiveclothingdoesn'tjust(29)moreindependence,italsobuildsup(3G).Witha

growingnumberofpopular(31)designingadaptiveclothing,peoplelivingwithdisabilitiesarcnowable

todress(32)(heirpeers.

Theyhavesuchahardtimewiththe(33)theyhavetoovercomedaily；theyshouldn'thavetostrugglewith

theirownindependencewithgetting(34)Karen,Faith'smother,said.

WhenKarenlearnedthatRunwayofDreams,an(35)thatworkswiththefashionindustrytomake

clothingforthc(36)>waslookingformodels,shesentinFaith'sphoto.Throughtheorganization,Faith

was(37)torepresentKohl'sadaptiveclothinglineatNewYorkFashionWeek.

Faithknowstheopportunityis(38)Modest,shealsorealizesthatherpresenceontherunway(39)goes

beyondherownpotentialmodelingcareer."Ithinkitwillmakeaconsiderable(40)forpeopleoutherein

theworld?"Faithsaid.

21.A.holdsonB.comesaboutC.kicksoffD.breaksout

22.A.activeB.pitifulC.lovelyD.standout

23.A.publishB.modelC.exhibitD.wear

24.A.speciallyB.temporarilyC.cautiouslyD.constantly

25.A.stageB.trackC.runwayD.scene

26.A.showcasingB.playingC.broadcastingD.performing

27.A.convenienrR.independentC.flexibleD.sensible

28.A.tryB.testC.pullD.move

29.A.customizeB.provideC.equipD.adjust

30.A.reliefB.expectationC.strengthD.confidence

31.A.brandsB.magazinesC.columnsD.departments

32.A.contrarilytoB.uniquelytoC.onlyforD.justlike

33.A.strugglesB.practiceC.scheduleD.conflicts

34.A.absorbedB.connectedC.dressedD.addicted

35.A.instituteB.organizationC.applicationD.office

36.A.physically-shapedB.recently-admitted

C.differently-abledD.environmentally-minded

37.A.chosenB.allowedC.recommendedD.requested

38.A.questionableB.controversialC.convincingD.unbelievable

39.A.fastB.farC.suddenlyD.merely

40.A.compromiseB.commitmentC.declarationD.difference

41.OnthetraditionalChineselunarcalendar,ayearisdividedinto24solarterms.Thesokirterms(1)

(create)thousandsofyearsagotoguideagricukuralproductionandfunction.

WhileDew(Bailu)isthe15(hsolar(ermandindicatestherealbeginningofcoolautumn.The

temperaturedeclines(2)(increasing)withthewhitedewonthegrassandtreesseeninthe

morning.InmanyplacesofChina,theairisclear,withtheskyingreat(3)(high)and

thecloudsinpeace.Thegentlewindcanoftenbefeltblowing.

Backintheolddays,gatheringthewhitedewfromplantswasaChinesetradition.BencaoGangmu,

aChineseherbologydocument.(4)(write)byLiShizhenover400yearsagosaysthe

whitedewcanbeusedasteawhich(5)(taste)sweetwithitspleasantsmellandhascooling

effectsonthebodyandkeepspeoplehealthy.

InSouthernChina,peopletend(6)(cat)longansontheday.Thcybelievethefruitcanbring

goodluck,makepeopleslaycalm(7)curesometypicalconditions.

YutheGreatwasanadmiredrulerinancientChina,(8)wasfamousforcontrollingfloods,

hisgovernanceoftheXiaDynasty,andhismoralcharacter.When(9)comestoWhiteDew

everyyear,(10)(fisherman)inJiangsuandZhejiangprovinceswillholdaweek-long

ceremonytohonorYu(heGreat?hopinghecanbringthemluckandwealth.

42.假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有

10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(八)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃抻。

修改：在錯(cuò)的詞卜.畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：I.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。

ItwasnotuntilIsurprisinglygotaviolinasapresentonmyeightbirthdaythatItookupplayingan

instrument.Givenitatryoccasionally,Ifound(heverymusicwhatwasplayedbyitbeautiful.I

graduallybecameenthusiasticallyaboutit.Bylearningandpractising,IcanskillfullyplayButterfly

Loverscurrently.IfIhaveurgetoplaysomethingclsc?IturnfortheInternetandlearnfromonline

videos.EverytimewhenIcanplayanewpieceofmusic,Ifeelfairlyhappythatalloureffortspay

off.SixyearswerepassedsinceIbeganplayingthemusicalinstrument.WhileIamstill

unprofessional,1do,otherwise,enjoyeachlearningexperience.

43.假定你是李華，你的英國朋友Allen對中國學(xué)生校園手工活動很感興趣，來信詢問你校手

工活動相關(guān)事宜，請給他回一封郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.手工內(nèi)容；

2.開展情況；

3.喜歡的項(xiàng)目。

注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

任選參考詞匯：

旗袍縫紉社QipaoSewingAssociation

陶藝社CeramicArtClub

剪紙paper-cut

插花flowerarrangement

盆栽potculture

DearAllen,

Yourssincerely>

LiHua

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】D、C、A

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Bhutan部分中的"Thekingdomhaslushsubtropicalplainsinihesouth

andsub-alpineHimalayanmountainsinthenorth,whichincludeGangkharPuensum,Bhutan'shighest

peakandisbelievedtobethehighestunclimbcdmountainintheworld.（不丹南部有郁郁蔥蔥的亞熱

帶平原，北部有亞高山喜馬拉雅山脈，其中包括不丹的最高峰甘卡普森山，它被認(rèn)為是世界上最

高的未被攀登的山峰。）"及NorthMacedonia部分中的"Itsmountainsandtheirtrailsare"blissfully

quiet"andthelocalsarc"unfailinglyhelpful"accordingtoLonelyPlanet.（《孤獨(dú)星球》稱,這里的山

脈和小徑”寧靜得令人幸?！保?dāng)?shù)厝恕庇肋h(yuǎn)樂于助人"）"可知，不丹和北馬其頓能讓游客欣賞到山

景。故選D。

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Eswatini部分中的"Thekingdomoffersmultitudinousclimateandtopography

differences,andisknownforiiswidevarietiesofwildanimals,whichincludemorethan500birdspecies

and107mammalspecies.Thenationhassevennaturereserves,fourfrontierconservationareasandthree

wildlifereserves.（這個(gè)王國擁有眾多不同的氣候和地形，并以其豐富多樣的野生動物而聞名，其

中包括50（）多種鳥類和107種哺乳動物。國家有七個(gè)自然保護(hù)區(qū)，四個(gè)邊境保護(hù)區(qū)和三個(gè)野生動

物保護(hù)區(qū)。）”可知，伊斯瓦蒂尼以其豐富多樣的野生動物而聞名。故選C。

（3）A.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)原文第二段可知。根據(jù)CostaRica部分中的"It'salsonotableforitsreliance

ongreenenergysources.Infact,90%ofitsenergyiscreatedbyregenerativesourcessuchaswindand

hydro.（它對綠色能源的依賴也值得注意。事實(shí)上，它90%的能源是由風(fēng)能和水能等可再生能源

產(chǎn)生的。）”可知，哥斯達(dá)黎加以可再生資源著稱。故選A,

文章介紹了《孤獨(dú)星球》推薦的四個(gè)旅行圣地一一不丹、北馬其頓、伊斯瓦蒂尼和哥斯達(dá)黎加。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有

標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；

其次細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，

帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)

的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，

才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

4~7.【答案】C、D、A、B

【解析】（DC.段落大意題。根據(jù)文章第二段"ShegraduatedfromTsinghuaUniversityin1936with

adegreeinphysics?andthenwentontostudyattheTechnicalUniversityofBerlin,whereshewasthe

topinherclass,outperfbrmingherfuturehusbandQianSanqiang—China's"fatheroftheatomic

bomb".In1940,sheearnedaPh.D.inEngineering.（1936年，她畢業(yè)于清華大學(xué)物理系，隨后進(jìn)入

柏林工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。在那里，她以優(yōu)異的成績超越了她未來的丈夫、中國的“原子彈之父”錢三強(qiáng)，

成為班上的第一名。1940年，她獲得了工程學(xué)博士學(xué)位。）”可知，本段主要介紹何澤慧的教育經(jīng)

歷。故選C。

（2）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段"andthenwentontostudyattheTechnicalUniversityofBerlin,

whereshewasthetopinherclass,outperformingherfuturehusbandQianSanqiang—China's"fatherof

（heatomicbomb".（隨后進(jìn)入柏林工業(yè)大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)。在那里，她以優(yōu)異的成績超越了她未來的丈夫、

中國的"原子彈之父”錢三強(qiáng)，成為班上的第一名。）”和第三段介紹的夫妻倆的成就可知，其丈夫

錢三強(qiáng)也是一位偉大的中國科學(xué)家。故選D。

（3）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"HeZehui,aChinesenuclearphysicist,accomplishedgreatthings

inphysicsandbecameanoutstandingscientist.（中國核物理學(xué)家何澤輝在物理學(xué)上做出了巨大成就，

成為一名杰出的科學(xué)家。）"、第三段的最后一句"ManyWesternmediacalledthecouplethe"Marie

CurieandPierreCurieofChina,,.（許多西方媒體稱這對夫婦的“中國居里夫人和皮埃爾?居里”。）

”和第四段的第一句"AsoneofthepioneersinnuclearscienceandtechnologyinChina,ProfessorHe

contributedagreatdealtonuclearphysics.（作為我國核科學(xué)技術(shù)的開拓者之一，何教授對核物理做

出了重要貢獻(xiàn)。）”可知，因何澤慧對中國的核物理作出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)，西方媒體稱其為“中國的居

里夫人二故選A。

（4）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段"Shepublisheddozensofpapersyetplacedlittlevalueon

personalfame.（她發(fā)表了幾十篇論文，但并不看重個(gè)人名聲。）"和最后一段"Shededicatedherself

toscience,livingasimplelife,alwaysnurturingyoungresearchersandmaintainingthehigheststandards

（ha（shehadalwaysvalued.Shelovedhercountryandscience；（她獻(xiàn)身于科學(xué)，過著簡樸的生活，

總是培養(yǎng)年輕的研究人員，保持著她一直以來所重視的最高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。她愛她的國家和科學(xué)；）”可知，

何澤慧淡泊名利、愛國、樂「助人，獻(xiàn)身了中國的科學(xué)事業(yè)，有極高的科研素養(yǎng)，對中國的核物

理的研究和發(fā)展作出了極大的貢獻(xiàn)，是值得我們學(xué)習(xí)、頂禮膜拜的杰出的核物理學(xué)家。A.Ambitious,

talented,conservativeanddetermined.雄心勃勃、才華橫溢、保守而堅(jiān)定的。B.Unselfish,patriotic,

indifferenttofameanddevotedtoscience.無私、愛國、淡泊名利、熱愛科學(xué)的。C.Aggressive,

imaginative,stronginmindandkindinheart.積極進(jìn)取，富有想象力，思想堅(jiān)強(qiáng)，心地善良的。

D.Knowledgeable,awesome,creativeandsociable.知識淵博，令人敬畏，富有創(chuàng)造力，善于交際的。

故選Bo

本文是一篇人物傳記。文章介紹了“中國的居里夫人”何澤慧及其成就。

閱讀理解題測試考生在閱讀基礎(chǔ)上的邏輯推理能力，要求考生根據(jù)文章所述事件的邏輯關(guān)系，對

未說明的趨勢或結(jié)局作出合理的推斷；或根據(jù)作者所闡述的觀點(diǎn)理論，對文章未涉及的現(xiàn)象、事

例給以解釋?？忌紫纫屑?xì)閱讀短文，完整了解信息，準(zhǔn)確把握作者觀點(diǎn)。

8~lI.【答案】D、C、B、A

【解析】（1）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題,根據(jù)第一段和第二段的"…tooffersupporttochildren,fosterparents,

andfostercareproviders.（…為孩子、寄養(yǎng)父母和寄養(yǎng)提供者提供幫助。）"，最后一段最后一句的

"Wewantfosterparentsandproviderstohearthatwhattheydoisvital,（我們想讓養(yǎng)父母和撫養(yǎng)者

知道，他們所做的是至關(guān)重要的，…）"可知，美國兒童喜愛的節(jié)目《芝麻街》增加新成員的目

的是為了引起人們對寄養(yǎng)兒童的關(guān)注。故選D。

（2）C.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞前的",,,includingtoughissueslikefamilyhomelessness…（…包

括家庭無家可歸和創(chuàng)傷經(jīng)歷等棘手問題…）"和畫線詞后的'…h(huán)elpthemsupportchildrenasthey

exploretheworldoffostercare,andtheyprovidesimple,approachabletoolstohelpchildrenfeelsafer.

（…以幫助他們在孩子探索寄養(yǎng)世界的過程中支持孩子們；它們還提供簡單易用的工具，幫助孩

子們感到更安全。）“可知，寄養(yǎng)兒童有無家可歸和創(chuàng)傷痛苦經(jīng)歷等一系列棘手問題。從而猜測

"traumatic"為"創(chuàng)傷痛苦的"之意。A.Carefree無憂無慮的;B.Spiritless無精打采的；C.Miserable痛

苦的，可憐的；D.Irregular不規(guī)則。故選C。

（3）D.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第二句的"Itprovidesfree,casy-to-uscresourcesforcommunity

providersandcaregiversonarangeoftopics,,-,（它為社區(qū)服務(wù)提供者和看護(hù)者提供免費(fèi)的、易于

使用的資源，這些資源涉及一系列主題…）:第四段第三句的"Theresourcesincludeprovenstrategies

toimproverelationshipsbetweencaringadultsandchildrenandreducetheeffectsoftraumatic

experiences.（這些資源包括已證實(shí)的戰(zhàn)略，以改善有愛心的成年人和兒童之間的關(guān)系，并減少創(chuàng)

傷經(jīng)歷的影響。）”可知，芝麻工作坊的宗旨在于通過節(jié)目為社區(qū)提供者和照顧者提供免費(fèi)、易于

使用的資源和簡單的策略或工具撫育寄養(yǎng)兒童，減少他們的創(chuàng)傷，使他們感到更安全。故選B。

（4）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)全義內(nèi)容以及第四段和最后一段最后一句的Wewantfosterparentsand

providerstohearthatwhattheydoisvital,astheyhavedifficultybuildingandrebuildingfamily

structuresandchildren'ssenseofsafety.（我們想讓養(yǎng)父母和撫養(yǎng)者知道，他們所做的是至關(guān)重要的，

因?yàn)樗麄兒茈y建立和重建家庭結(jié)構(gòu)和孩子的安全感。）可推斷，寄養(yǎng)父母和提供者對寄養(yǎng)兒童是

非常重要的。故選A。

本文是一篇日常生活類說明文，文章介紹了深受美國兒童喜愛的節(jié)目《芝麻街》增加了新成員以

引起人們對寄養(yǎng)兒童的關(guān)注，亦介紹了芝麻工作坊的初心和宗旨。

考查口常生活類閱讀理解。做題時(shí)要通讀全文，把握大意，然后結(jié)合題干及選項(xiàng)做出正確的選擇。

12?15.【答案】C、A、B、B

［解析］（l）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的Theexpertsdesperatelyhopethe"golddigger,'willprovide

informationonthelocationsofgolddeposits（沉淀物）andmakesearchingforthepreciousmc:aleasier,

andmoreenvironmentallyfriendly.專家們迫切希望"淘金者”能提供金礦的位置信息，使尋找這種貴

金屬變得更容易，更環(huán)保。由此可知，專家們希望獲得更多關(guān)于攜帶金子的真菌的信息。故選C。

（2）A.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中Thoughfungiofteninteractwithotherthingsinnature,thereaction

withgoldwasunexpected.雖然真菌經(jīng)常與自然界的其他物質(zhì)相互作用，但與黃金的反應(yīng)是出乎意

料的。及Dr.Bohu說的話Butgoldissochemicallyinactivethatthisinteractionisbothunusualand

surprising.但金在化學(xué)上是不活躍的，所以這種相互作用既不尋常乂令人驚訝。再根據(jù)第四段中的

"Thereisabiologicalbenefitfromthisreaction."Dr.Bohusaid,"Gold-lovingfungicangrowfasterand

biggertootherfungithatdon'tworkwithgold.""這種反應(yīng)有生物學(xué)上的好處。"Dr.Bohu說，"與其他

不能與黃金共生的真菌相比，喜歡黃金的真菌可以生長得更快、更大?！庇纱丝芍珼r.Bohu認(rèn)為

真菌與黃金的相互作用出人意料，但卻是有益的。故選A。

（3）B.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段中Theresearchersstillneedtoconductfurtheranalysistounderstand

therelationshipbetweenthefungiandthepreciousmetal.Moreimportantly,theyneedtodetermineifits

presenceisasuresignoftheexistenceoflargedepositsofthemetalunderground.研究人員仍然需要進(jìn)

行進(jìn)一步的分析，以了解真菌和貴金屬之間的關(guān)系。更重要的是，他們需要確定它的存在是否是

地下存在大量金屬礦床的確切跡象。以及最后一段However,（hosehopingtogetfreegoldfromthe

fungiarcinforadisappointment,forthedelicatefungusishardtosee.然而，那些希望從真菌中獲得

免費(fèi)黃金的人注定要失望了，因?yàn)檫@種脆弱的真菌很難看到?？赏茢喑觯髡哒J(rèn)為此發(fā)現(xiàn)尚需做

深入的研究。故選B。

（4）B.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段的Humansarenot（heonlyonesthatlikegold.Australianscientistshave

discoveredanewfungus（真菌）thatdecoratesitslong,thread-liketendrils（卷須）withgoldcollected

fromthesoil.并非只有人類喜歡黃金。澳大利亞科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的真菌，它用從土壤中收集的

金子來裝飾它長長的、像線一樣的卷須。以及后文都是對該喜金真菌的描述，包括發(fā)現(xiàn)方式、發(fā)

現(xiàn)分析及對其的科學(xué)展望等可知，標(biāo)題核心詞為gokl-lovingfungi（喜金真菌）。A項(xiàng)中核心詞為

beauty-lovingfungi（愛美真菌），錯(cuò)誤;C選項(xiàng)中核心詞為goldmine（金礦），錯(cuò)誤；D選項(xiàng)中

核心詞為goldwithfungi（含真菌的金子），錯(cuò)誤。故選B。

這是一篇說明文。科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了“喜歡“金子的真菌。本文介紹了其發(fā)現(xiàn)經(jīng)過、生物習(xí)性及相應(yīng)的

科學(xué)展望。

閱讀理解解題步驟：首先對原文材料迅速瀏覽，掌握全文的主旨大意，因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒有

標(biāo)題，所以，速讀全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速讀的過程中，應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料；

其次細(xì)讀題材，各個(gè)擊破，掌握全文的大意之后，細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問題，弄清每題要求后，

帶著問題，再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息，要善于抓住每段的主題句，閱讀時(shí)，要有較強(qiáng)

的針對性，對于捕獲到的信息，要做認(rèn)真分析，仔細(xì)推敲，理解透徹，只有這樣，針對題目要求，

才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。

16?2（）.【答案】E、C、F、A、B

【解析】（DE.邏輯關(guān)系題。本段旨在指出感恩的意義。從空前句"Butnotonlythat一beingthankful

mightjustbeexactlywhatyouneedtodoifyou'regoingthroughatoughtime.（不僅如此,如果你正

在經(jīng)歷一段艱難的時(shí)期，心存感恩也許正是你需要做的）"可知，E項(xiàng)Gratitudeisgoodforyourmind,

bodyandsoul.（感恩對你的思想、身體和靈魂都有好處）說明了其原因乂起到了承上后下的作用。

故選Eo

（2）C.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。本段講述研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)感恩對人們健康的益處。C項(xiàng)Ititselfcarriesahostofhealth

benefits.（它本身就有很多健康益處）是對空前句"Researchersfound（hathavingagratefulattitude

helpsstrengthenone'simmunesystem,lowerbloodpressure,improvesleepandmotivatepeopleto

exerciseregularly.（研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，感恩的態(tài)度有助于增強(qiáng)免疫力、降低血壓、改善睡眠，并激勵(lì)

人們定期鍛煉）”的總結(jié)。故選C。

（3）F.推理判斷題。根據(jù)空前句"Havinggonethroughaperiodofdepressionmyselfaftercancer

surgery10yearsago,Icantellyouthisillnesscanbesevere.（10年前，我自己在癌癥手術(shù)后也經(jīng)歷

了一段時(shí)間的抑郁，我可以告訴你，這種病可能會很嚴(yán)重）"可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)Depressionmakesyoufeel

asifyouarcdeadinside.（抑郁會讓你覺得你的內(nèi)心已經(jīng)死了）是進(jìn)一步的說明。故選F。

（4）A.邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)空前句"Onethingrecommendedtomebyacounselorwaskeepingagratitude

joumal.（—*位輔導(dǎo)員向我推薦的一件事是寫感恩日記）”可打,A項(xiàng)Everyday,Iwouldsetdownthree

ihingsIwas【hankfulforinlife.（每天，我都會寫下生命中三件讓我感恩的事情）是舉例說明具體

做法。故選A。

（5）B.邏輯關(guān)系題。根據(jù)全文以及該段大意可知，本段既是上一段的總結(jié)，也是全文的總結(jié)。

B項(xiàng)NowIrealizedepressiondoesno（goawaybypracticingasingleexercise.（現(xiàn)在我意識到抑郁癥

并小能通過單一的練習(xí)就消失）可以做本段的主題句。故選B。

本文是議論文。通過研究者的發(fā)現(xiàn)和作者自身的故事告訴讀者：感恩有益于身心健康。感恩的心

會幫助我們撐過最黑暗的日子。作者呼吁我們應(yīng)該感恩生活賜予我們的一切，無論是歡笑還是痛

苦，因?yàn)橹挥袕姆e極的角度看問題，我們才會有足夠的勇氣和力量繼續(xù)前行。

“七選五”選擇題，主要H的