2025年高考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)：閱讀理解之主旨要義題（練習(xí)）解析版

專(zhuān)題02閱讀理解之主旨要義題

目錄

01模擬基礎(chǔ)練

【題型一】閱讀理解之主旨要義--文章標(biāo)題題（最新模擬）

【題型二】閱讀理解之主旨要義--文章大意題（最新模擬）

【題型三】閱讀理解之主旨要義-一段落大意題（最新模擬）

02重難創(chuàng)新練（閱讀理解創(chuàng)新題）

03真題實(shí)戰(zhàn)練

【說(shuō)明】因?yàn)槭嵌啅?fù)習(xí)，所以為了保持語(yǔ)篇的完整性，沒(méi)有對(duì)語(yǔ)篇進(jìn)行刪減，對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)理

解題進(jìn)行了藍(lán)色標(biāo)注。

埠如其獨(dú)砧：

題型一閱讀理解之主旨要義一文章標(biāo)題題

1.（2025?四川省綿陽(yáng)市涪城區(qū)綿陽(yáng)中學(xué)二模）

Gobble,gobble,grabyourturkeybaster,ifsThanksgiving.CanadianThanksgiving,thatis.ThoughtheUS

versiontakesplaceonthefourthThursdayofNovember,CanadacelebratesonthesecondMondayofOctober,

whichthisyearfallsonOctober14.Formoreinsightsintothisannualgreatfeast,wereachedouttoAndrew

McIntosh,seniorsubjecteditorwiththeCanadianEncyclopedia.

Naturally,wefirsthadtoaddressaquestionoftenaskedbyAmericans-whydoesCanadacelebrate

ThanksgivinginOctoberinsteadofNovember?Historically,hesays,ThanksgivinginCanadahasgenerallybeen

aboutcelebratingthefallharvestandgivingthanksforthefooditprovidesbeforethecoldseasonsetsin."Winter

comesalotearlierinCanada,soourfallharvesthappensearlier,too,"hesays.

“CanadianThanksgivingwassetasthesecondMondayinOctober,whentheweatherisstillamenableto

outdooractivities,in1957.“Butthecountrywascelebratinglongbeforethat.ThefirstofficialThanksgiving

holidaytookplacein1879,andinthefollowingyears,itdidn'talwayshappeninOctober.t4Theexactdatefor

eachyearwasdeterminedannuallybyParliament,whichalsoassignedaunifyingthemeeachyear-itoften

centeredaroundcelebratingthemonarchy,saysMcIntosh.

Interestingly,henotestheholidayoccurredaslateintheyearasDecember6andevencoincidedwith

AmericanThanksgivingafewtimes.Asforthepresentday,someCanadians-includingthiswriter'sextended

family-opttohosttheirThanksgivingmealthedaybeforetheofficialMondayholiday,allowingthosewho

droveorflewinforthelongweekendtimetojourneybackhomeandnothavetotakeanextradayoffwork.

4.WhydoesCanadacelebrateThanksgivinginOctoberinsteadofNovember?

A.BecauseCanadianswanttofollowthehistoricalconvention.

B.Becausewintercomesearlier.

C.BecauseCanadiansareaccustomedtoit.

D.Becausecoldweathercomesslower.

5.Whichbestexplainstheunderlinedwordinthethirdparagraph?

A.Adaptable.B.Suitable.C.Affordable.D.Imaginable.

6.WhydosomeCanadianshosttheirThanksgivingmealinadvance?

A.Becauseitiseconomicalforthemtodoso.

B.Becausetheyareextremelyhomesick.

C.Becausetheywanttoearnmoremoney.

D.Becausetheycangobacktoworkintime.

7.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.ThanksgivinginAmerica.

B.TheDifferencesofThanksgivinginUSAandCanada.

C.ThanksgivinginCanada.

D.TheOriginsofThanksgivinginAmericaandCanada.

【答案】4.B5.B6.D7.C

【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了加拿大感恩節(jié)的慶祝時(shí)間、歷史背景以及現(xiàn)代慶祝方式。

4.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段中“WintercomesalotearlierinCanada,soourfallharvesthappensearlier,

too.（加拿大的冬天來(lái)得更早，所以我們的秋季收獲也來(lái)得更早。廣可知，加拿大在10月慶祝感恩節(jié)是因?yàn)?/p>

冬天來(lái)得更早，秋季收獲也相應(yīng)提前。故選B。

5.詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)上文“WintercomesalotearlierinCanada,soourfallharvesthappensearlier,too.（力口拿大

的冬天來(lái)得更早，所以我們的秋季收獲也來(lái)得更早。）”可知，加拿大冬天來(lái)得更早，秋季收獲也相應(yīng)提

前。由此可知，加拿大將感恩節(jié)定為十月的第二個(gè)星期一，那時(shí)天氣仍然適合戶(hù)外活動(dòng)。amenable在這里

的意思是“適合的，適宜的”。因此，選項(xiàng)B“Suitable（適合的）”是最佳解釋。故選B。

6.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后一段中“someCanadians一includingthiswriter'sextendedfamily一optto

hosttheirThanksgivingmealthedaybeforetheofficialMondayholiday,allowingthosewhodroveorflewinfor

thelongweekendtimetojourneybackhomeandnothavetotakeanextradayoffwork.（——些力口拿大人,包括這

位作家的親戚，選擇在正式的周一假期前一天舉辦感恩節(jié)宴會(huì)，這樣那些開(kāi)車(chē)或飛來(lái)度過(guò)長(zhǎng)周末的人就有

時(shí)間回家，而不必額外請(qǐng)一天假。）”可知，有些加拿大人提前舉辦感恩節(jié)宴會(huì)是為了能夠及時(shí)回去工作。

故選Do

7.主旨大意題。文章主要介紹了加拿大感恩節(jié)的慶祝時(shí)間、歷史由來(lái)以及一些現(xiàn)代習(xí)俗。因此，最合適

的標(biāo)題是“加拿大的感恩節(jié)”。故選C。

2.（2025?黑龍江省大慶市高三第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)）

SincewolveswasputontheEndangeredSpeciesList,thepredators（捕食者）haveslowlyreturnedtomore

oftheirhabitats.Butineveryplacewherewolvesrecovered,heateddebatesfollowed-abouttheirnumbers,

huntingandtrappingrights.However,Minnesotaisanexception.SomeofthetechniquesusedbyMinnesotansto

avoidconflictsmayneedtobeadoptedinotherstatesifthepredatorscontinuetoreturn.

MinnesotaistheonlyplaceintheUnitedStatestoneverkillallitswolves.Morethan2,700wolveslivein

Minnesota.ThewolfpopulationinMinnesotahasbeenremarkablystable,bouncingbetween2,400and3,000.

Thafswellabovetheoriginalrecoverygoalof1,400.Therelativelyfixedpopulationshowsthatwolveshave

likelyalreadyspreadtoeverypartofthestatethathasenoughfoodtosupportthemandisfarenoughfrommen.

Despitesuchhighnumbers,wolvesattackcattle,turkeysandotheranimalsonlessthan2%oflivestock（牲

畜）operationsinMinnesota.Aswolfnumbershaveremainedstablefornearlythreedecades,sohavethose

conflicts.Farmownershavehadmixedresultsusingvariousmethodstoscarewolvesaway.Themostadopted

methodcomesfromafarmontheborderofVoyageursNationalPark,wherewolfresearchersarebuildinga6-

fbot-highfencearoundtheproperty.Earlyresultsshowthatwildwolvesdon'tseemtotrytojumpfencesforfood.

However,therearestillmanyunansweredquestions,butmostimportantlytowildlifemanagers,exactly

whatdoesahealthywolfpopulationdofortheecosystem?Togettheanswer,researchershavecometoMinnesota

tolearnabouthowwolvesbehaveandsurvive.NowwithGPSandtrackingcameras,researchersaregettingtheir

firstdetailedlookathowthesecretivepredatorsliveallyearround.

32.WhatcanwelearnaboutMinnesota?

A.Itneverkillsanyofthewolvesthere.

B.Itprovidesidealhabitatsforthewolves.

C.Itavoidsdisturbingnormalwolfactivities.

D.Itsucceedsinhandlinghuman-wolfco-existence.

33.Whatdoesthestabilityofwolfpopulationindicate?

A.WolvesinMinnesotahaveadaptedtotheenvironmentthere.

B.TheEndangeredSpeciesListiseffectiveandwellcarriedout.

C.Theoriginalrecoverygoalistoolowandneedstobeadjusted.

D.Wolvesarewidelydistributedanddistantfromhumansociety.

34.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofbuildingfences?

A.Traditional.B.Rewarding.C.Economical.D.Thoughtful.

35.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ConflictswithWolvesResolvedHarmoniously.

B.WolfPopulationRecoveredunderProtection.

C.LivestockAttackedLessbyWildWolves.

D.HeatedDebateArousedbyWolfAttacks.

【答案】32.D33.A34.B35.A

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要探討了灰狼作為瀕危物種受到保護(hù)后，如何在明尼蘇達(dá)州實(shí)現(xiàn)數(shù)量的穩(wěn)

定恢復(fù)，以及人類(lèi)與狼群和諧共存的方法。

32.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“SomeofthetechniquesusedbyMinnesotanstoavoidconflictsmayneedto

beadoptedinotherstatesifthepredatorscontinuetoreturn.（明尼蘇達(dá)人用來(lái)避免沖突的一些方法，可能需要

被其他州采用）”以及第三段中“Despitesuchhighnumbers,wolvesattackcattle,turkeysandotheranimalson

lessthan2%oflivestock（牲畜）operationsinMinnesota.（盡管數(shù)量如此之多,但在明尼蘇達(dá)州，狼襲擊牛、

火雞和其他動(dòng)物的比例不到2%）”可知，明尼蘇達(dá)州在人狼共存問(wèn)題上做得非常成功。因此，明尼蘇達(dá)州

成功解決了人類(lèi)與狼的共存問(wèn)題。故選D。

33.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Therelativelyfixedpopulationshowsthatwolveshavelikelyalreadyspreadto

everypartofthestatethathasenoughfoodtosupportthemandisfarenoughfrommen.（相對(duì)固定的種群表明，

狼可能已經(jīng)擴(kuò)散到州內(nèi)有足夠食物支持且足夠遠(yuǎn)離人類(lèi)的所有地方）”可知，狼群的數(shù)量穩(wěn)定表明它們已適

應(yīng)環(huán)境，在合適的地方生活得很好。由此可推知，狼群已適應(yīng)了明尼蘇達(dá)州的環(huán)境。故選A。

34.推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段"Earlyresultsshowthatwildwolvesdon'tseemtotrytojumpfencesfor

food.（早期結(jié)果顯示，野狼似乎不會(huì)試圖越過(guò)柵欄來(lái)覓食）可知，筑柵欄是有效的，能夠成功阻止狼襲擊牲

畜，因此是值得推崇的方法。故選B。

35.主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容尤其是第一段最后一句"SomeofthetechniquesusedbyMinnesotanstoavoid

conflictsmayneedtobeadoptedinotherstatesifthepredatorscontinuetoreturn.（明尼蘇達(dá)州避免沖突的一些

技術(shù)可能需要被其他州采用）”以及后文介紹明尼蘇達(dá)州如何實(shí)現(xiàn)人與狼和諧共處，可知文章主要在講如何

通過(guò)經(jīng)驗(yàn)解決與狼的沖突，所以最佳標(biāo)題是“ConflictswithWolvesResolvedHarmoniously,,（與狼的沖突和

諧解決）。故選A。

3.（2025?遼寧省遼陽(yáng)市高三期末）

Animalsandplantsalsoliveandthriveonpublicsquares.Thiscreatesopportunitiesforgreaterbiodiversity

andwell-beingforthehumanpopulation.ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich（TUM）havestudied

at103locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna（動(dòng)植物）.Theyadvocateaclose

examinationoflocalconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.

Togetherwithhisteam,WolfgangWeisser,ProfessorofTerrestrialEcologyatTUM,lookedatsuchfactors

assize,theoccurrenceoflawn,plantandtreegrowth,artificiallightsourcesandgreeninthesurroundingsofthe

103publicsquaresinMunich.Thesquaresvariedfromalmostentirelysealed（封閉的）topark-likesquares.

Theirresultsshow,withMunichasanexample,howgreatlythedifferentspacescandifferintheanimals

andotherorganismsthatcanlivethere.AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,

withjustonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewith

lawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.AtJohannisplatz,118species

arepresent,asithastrees,hedgesandsomegrassyareasdespitebeingsealedtoarelativelylargeextent.

Unsurprisingly,moreplantsarebeneficialtomanyanimalspecies.Thisisafactorthaturbanplanning

modelsalreadytakeintoaccount.However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyinterms

ofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.Sofar,publicspacesaredesignedwithhumansinmind,

withlittleconsiderationtoanimalsandotherspecies.

Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityareincreasedif,insteadofapplyingthe

samepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditionsandtheneedsofdifferentspecies.

Toencouragemorebeespecies,forexample,theyshouldnotonlyplantnectar-bearingflowers,butalsoprovide

openspaceashabitatforbeesandasourceofnest-buildingmaterial.

8.WhatdoesthestudyatTUMfocuson?

A.Thebestlocationsforfloraandfauna.

B.Factorstobeconsideredinsquaredesign.

C.Theimpactoflocalconditionsonbiodiversity.

D.Thebestwayforhumansandfloraandfaunatogetalong.

9.Whatcanweknowfromparagraph3?

A.Animalsexpandinscaledparks.B.Openparkssupportmorebiodiversity.

C.Openparksarenotfitforbirdstostay.D.Closedparksareasgoodasopenones.

10.Whatdoesthestudysayabouturbangreenery?

A.Itvariesinattractingspecies.B.Itwillreplaceartificiallights.

C.Ithasnothingtodowithspecies.D.Itiswellplannedinurbanbuildings.

11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.EnhancingUrbanDevelopment:ConsideringLocalSpecies,Needs

B.Human-animalCoexistence:IntegratingNatureintoCityDesigning

C.UrbanEcosystems:ChallengesforPlantsandAnimalsinUrbanSpaces

D.BiodiversityintheCity:DesigningUrbanSpacesforHumansandAnimals

【答案】8.B9.B10.A11.D

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了慕尼黑工業(yè)大學(xué)(TUM)的研究，探討了城市公共空間設(shè)計(jì)中考慮

當(dāng)?shù)貤l件和不同物種需求的重要性，以促進(jìn)生物多樣性。

8.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段"ResearchersattheTechnicalUniversityofMunich(TUM)havestudiedat103

locationsinMunichhowvariousfactorsaffectfloraandfauna(動(dòng)植物).Theyadvocateacloseexaminationof

localconditionsandamorenature-focusedapproachtothedesignofpublicspaces.(慕尼黑工業(yè)大學(xué)(TUM)的研

究人員在慕尼黑的103個(gè)地點(diǎn)研究了各種因素如何影響動(dòng)植物。他們主張密切檢查當(dāng)?shù)貤l件，并采取更注

重自然的方法來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)公共空間)''可知，TUM的研究集中在設(shè)計(jì)公共廣場(chǎng)時(shí)，影響動(dòng)植物的各種因素上。

故選B項(xiàng)。

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“AttheheavilysealedMarienplatz,theresearcherscountedonly20species,with

justonebirdandmossspeciesaswellasinsectsandbatspecies.Meanwhile,atPfrontenerPlatz,aspacewith

lawns,bushesandtrees,theyfound156taxa,including21differentkindsofbirds.(在高度封閉的瑪麗恩廣場(chǎng)，

研究人員僅計(jì)算出20個(gè)物種，包括僅有一種鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)、苔辭物種以及昆蟲(chóng)和蝙蝠物種。與此同時(shí)，在擁有草

坪、灌木和樹(shù)木的普弗龍納廣場(chǎng)，他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了156個(gè)分類(lèi)單元，包括21種不同的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi))”可推知，開(kāi)放的

公園支持更多的生物多樣性。故選B項(xiàng)。

10.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“However,thestudyalsoshowsthatlawns,treesandbushesvarywidelyinterms

ofthediversityandnumbersofthespeciestheyattract.（然而,研究還表明，草坪、樹(shù)木和灌木在吸引物種的

多樣性和數(shù)量方面存在很大差異）”可知，城市綠化在吸引物種方面存在差異。故選A項(xiàng)。

11.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Theresearchersconcludedthatthechancesforgreaterbiodiversityare

increasedif,insteadofapplyingthesamepatternstoeverylocation,plannerstakeintoaccountthelocalconditions

andtheneedsofdifferentspecies.（研究人員得出結(jié)論，如果規(guī)劃者不僅僅在每個(gè)地點(diǎn)應(yīng)用相同的模式，而

是考慮到當(dāng)?shù)貤l件和不同物種的需求，那么增加更大生物多樣性的機(jī)會(huì)就會(huì)增加）”及全文可知，整篇文章

主要討論了城市空間設(shè)計(jì)中考慮當(dāng)?shù)貤l件和不同物種需求的重要性，以促進(jìn)人類(lèi)和動(dòng)物的共存。故選D

項(xiàng)。

4.（2025?云南省紅河州、文山州高中畢業(yè)生上學(xué)期第一次復(fù)習(xí)統(tǒng)一檢測(cè)）

Inthetropicalrainforest,therealwaysexistbattles,onestoclaimthetree'sdeadbodyandthevastamount

ofnutrientsthatitcontains.Ifsabattlethatisfoughtthroughoutthenaturalworld,involvingagroupoforganisms

thathumansrarelynotice.

Onthefloorofatropicalrainforest,it'sdark,humidandhot,providingidealconditionsforfungi（真菌）.

Humansnormallythinkoffungiasthingslikethis-mushroomsofonekindoranother.Butthesearejustthe

fruitingbodies.Theyexistformostofthetimehiddenintheleaflitterandtheearthasanetworkoffinewhite

threads.

Thethreadsofcompetingfungienveloptheirvictim'sbody,releasingenzymes（酶）whichdigestthetree's

tissuesandunlockthenutrientswithin.Thereareamillionorsodifferentspeciesoffungiinthetropics.Some

feedondeadplants.Otherseatthemalive.Andsomerevealtheirexistenceinaneerilybeautifulway.InAfrica,in

Congo,thisisknownaschimpanzeefire.Themysteriousglowbecomesbrighterasthefungidigeststhetree.

Whenfiingihavefedsufficiently,theydeveloptheirreproductiveorgans.

Eachcanproduceliterallybillionsofspores（抱子）,thetinyparticlesthatcarrythespecies9genetic

blueprint.Eachsporelikethishasthepotentialtokillatree.Thesporesaresolightthattheycanbecarriedbythe

slightestaircurrents.Atleastabillionfloataboveeverysquaremeterofrainforest.

Recently,ithasbeendiscoveredthatthesesporesdofarmorethanjustbringdeathanddecay.Theyare,in

fact,attheverycenteroftherainforesfslifesupportsystem.Highinthehumidair,thesporescombinewith

moleculesofwater.Gradually,theycollectintodroplets,whichfallasrainwhentheyareheavyenough.Over

two-and-a-halfmetersofrainfallseveryyearinarainforest.Andinthecenterofalmosteveryraindrop,thereisa

fungalspore.

12.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?

A.Thetrees'deadbodiesarenowpopular.B.Battlesfornutrientsoccurintherainforest.

C.Wildnatureisbeingconqueredbyhumans.D.Peoplearefullyawareofthenaturalworld.

13.Whatistheroleoffungiinatropicalrainforestecosystem?

A.Itformsanetworkoffinewhitethreadstosupporteachother.

B.Itglowstoexistintherainforestandproducebillionsofspores.

C.Itfightsagainsteachothertooccupyidealconditionsforitsliving.

D.Itdecomposesplantsandreleasesnutrientsbackintotheecosystem.

14.Howdofungalsporescontributetotherainforesfslifesupportsystem?

A.Theycombinewithwatermoleculestoformraindrops.

B.Theyfacilitatethewatercyclebyreproducingmorespores.

C.Theyfloatintheairtocooldowntheclimateintherainforest.

D.Theycontributetodealingwiththedeadtreesandbringnewlife.

15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.TheMysteriousFactsintheRainforestB.TheFormationofFungiintheRainforest

C.TheChallengeFungiFaceintheRainforestD.TheHiddenPowerofRainforestDecomposers

【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D

【解析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了雨林里，一場(chǎng)場(chǎng)真菌爭(zhēng)奪樹(shù)的死的軀干和它所含的大量營(yíng)養(yǎng)的戰(zhàn)

斗遍及自然界，它們?cè)忈屃擞炅址纸庹叩碾[秘力量。

12.細(xì)節(jié)理解題o根據(jù)第一段中“Inthetropicalrainforest,therealwaysexistbattles,onestoclaimthetree's

deadbodyandthevastamountofnutrientsthatitcontains.（在熱帶雨林中，總是會(huì)有爭(zhēng)斗，爭(zhēng)奪樹(shù)木的死的

軀干和它所含的大量營(yíng)養(yǎng)）”可知，一場(chǎng)場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)奪樹(shù)的死的軀干和它所含的大量營(yíng)養(yǎng)的戰(zhàn)斗遍及雨林。故選

Bo

13.推理判斷題。,根據(jù)第三段中“Thethreadsofcompetingfungienveloptheirvictim'sbody,releasing

enzymes（酶）whichdigestthetree'stissuesandunlockthenutrientswithin.（相互競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的真菌纏繞在受害者的

身體上，釋放酶，消化樹(shù)木的組織，釋放其中的營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)）”可推知，真菌在熱帶雨林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中的作用是

分解植物并將營(yíng)養(yǎng)物質(zhì)釋放回生態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選D。

14.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Highinthehumidair,thesporescombinewithmoleculesofwater.

Gradually,theycollectintodroplets,whichfallasrainwhentheyareheavyenough.（事實(shí)上，它們是雨林生命

維持系統(tǒng)的中心。在潮濕的高空空氣中，泡子與水分子結(jié)合。逐漸地，它們聚集成小水滴，當(dāng)它們足夠重

的時(shí)候就會(huì)變成雨）''可知，在潮濕的高空空氣中，抱子與水分子結(jié)合。它們逐漸聚集成水滴，當(dāng)它們足夠

重時(shí)，就會(huì)以雨的形式落下。故選A。

15.主旨大意題。通讀全文以及第一段“Inthetropicalrainforest,therealwaysexistbattles,onestoclaimthe

tree'sdeadbodyandthevastamountofnutrientsthatitcontains.Ifsabattlethatisfoughtthroughoutthenatural

world,involvingagroupoforganismsthathumansrarelynotice.（在熱帶雨林中，總是會(huì)有爭(zhēng)斗，爭(zhēng)奪樹(shù)木的

死的軀干和它所含的大量營(yíng)養(yǎng)。這是一場(chǎng)在整個(gè)自然界進(jìn)行的戰(zhàn)斗，涉及一群人類(lèi)很少注意到的生物）”可

知，文章介紹了雨林里，一場(chǎng)場(chǎng)爭(zhēng)奪樹(shù)的死的軀干和它所含的大量營(yíng)養(yǎng)的戰(zhàn)斗遍及自然界，真菌詮釋了雨

林分解者的隱秘力量。故文章合適的標(biāo)題為“雨林分解者隱藏的力量”。故選D。

5.（2025?陜西省寶雞市高三上學(xué)期高考模擬檢測(cè)（一））

Ourbodiesweredesignedfornearconstantactivityandyet,mostofustodayhavetroublefindingtimeto

exercise.Thisisreallyunfortunate,consideringthefactthatphysicalexercisehasbeenshowntimeandtimeagain

tohelptreatdepression,whicharecordnumberofpeoplesufferfrom.

AccordingtotheresearchersfromtheUniversityofConnecticut（UConn）,youdon'tneedhoursatthegym

tocheerup.Simplygettingoutofthechairandtakingawalkaroundcanreducedepressionandgiveyouageneral

stateofwell-being.

“Wehopethisresearchhelpspeoplerealizetheimportantpublichealthmessagethatsimplygoingfrom

doingnophysicalactivitytoperformingsomephysicalactivitycanimprovetheirsubjectivewell-being,,9says

GregoryPanza,thestudy5sleadauthor.4tWhatisevenbetternewsforthephysicallyinactivepersonisthattheydo

notneedtoexercisealottoseetheseimprovements,Panzacontinues."Instead,ourresultsshowyouwillachieve

thebestresultwithlightormoderate（強(qiáng)度適中）physicalactivity.

Thisisparticularlyencouragingnewsas"lightphysicalactivity^^isbasicallywalking-simple,standard

walking,thekindwhereyoudon'tsweatornoticeanincreaseinbreathingorheartrate.Andthestandard

“moderatephysicalactivity“iswalkinga15-20minutemilewithaslightincreaseinbreathingandheartrate一

whileyouarestillabletoholdaconversation-aswellasmildsweating.

Still,theresearchersnotethatallparticipantsofthestudyhadagenerallypositivesenseofwellbeingand

weregenerallyphysicallyactive,sotheiranswersshouldbeexplainedwiththatinmind.Inaddition,thestudy

onlyanalyzedonepointintime.Alongitudinalstudy（縱向研究），whichtrackspeopleovertime,wouldoffera

betterlookattherelationshipbetweenexerciseandmood.

8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"This"refertoinparagraph1?

A.Everyoneisalwayssobusy.B.Cutbodyneedsconstantactivity.

C.Manypeoplesufferfromdepression.D.Itishardforpeopletofindtimetoexercise.

9.Whatcanwelearnfromtheresearch?

A.Itsresultsaren'twhatpeoplefor.

B.Hardphysicalexerciseisnotrecommended.

C.Evenasmallamountofexerciseshouldbevalued.

D.Physicallyactivepeoplebenefitmostfromexercise.

10.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Theirresearchhaslimitations.

B.Anotherstudyhasfoundtheopposite.

C.Furtherstudywillbeconductedsoon.

D.Theresearchfailedduetoinadequatepreparation.

11.Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.CheeryourselfupB.Feelingdown?Walkitoff!

C.OvercomeyourproblemsD.Beoptimisticaboutyourhealth

【答案】8.D9.C10.A11.B

【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要講述了身體需要持續(xù)活動(dòng)，但如今很多人沒(méi)時(shí)間鍛煉，而康涅狄格大

學(xué)的研究表明，不需要在健身房花費(fèi)數(shù)小時(shí)，只需從椅子上站起來(lái)散散步等輕度或中度的身體活動(dòng)，就能

改善抑郁情緒、提升幸福感，不過(guò)研究也存在一定局限性。

8.詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段"Ourbodiesweredesignedfornearconstantactivityandyet,mostofustodayhave

troublefindingtimetoexercise.Thisisreallyunfortunate（我們的身體被設(shè)計(jì)用來(lái)接近恒定的活動(dòng),然而，今

天大多數(shù)人發(fā)現(xiàn)很難找到時(shí)間來(lái)鍛煉。這真的很不幸）”可知，我們的身體本就需要持續(xù)活動(dòng)，然而如今大

多數(shù)人卻很難找到時(shí)間鍛煉，“This”指代前文提到的“人們很難找到時(shí)間鍛煉”這件事，D選項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境，

故選D項(xiàng)。

9.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段““Whatisevenbetternewsforthephysicallyinactivepersonisthattheydonot

needtoexercisealottoseetheseimprovements,Panzacontinues.^Instead,ourresultsshowyouwillachievethe

bestresultwithlightormoderate（強(qiáng)度適中）physicalactivity."（“對(duì)于不愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，更好的消息是他們

不需要進(jìn)行大量鍛煉來(lái)看到這些改善?！迸嗽^續(xù)說(shuō)。“相反，我們的結(jié)果展示你將通過(guò)輕度或中度的身體

活動(dòng)獲得最佳效果?？芍?，對(duì)于缺乏身體活動(dòng)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，不需要大量運(yùn)動(dòng)就能看到改善，少量的運(yùn)動(dòng)

（輕度或中度身體活動(dòng)）就能達(dá)到最佳效果，即便是少量運(yùn)動(dòng)也應(yīng)該被重視，故選C項(xiàng)。

10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后——段“Still,theresearchersnotethatallparticipantsofthestudyhadagenerally

positivesenseofwellbeingandweregenerallyphysicallyactive,sotheiranswersshouldbeexplainedwiththatin

mind.Inaddition,thestudyonlyanalyzedonepointintime.Alongitudinalstudy（縱向研究），whichtrackspeople

overtime,wouldofferabetterlookattherelationshipbetweenexerciseandmood（然而，研究人員指出，所有

參與研究的人都普遍擁有積極的幸福感，并且通常都進(jìn)行身體活動(dòng)，因此他們的回答應(yīng)該考慮到這一點(diǎn)。

此外，這項(xiàng)研究只分析了某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)。一個(gè)縱向研究（跟蹤人們隨時(shí)間的推移），將能更好地觀察

運(yùn)動(dòng)與情緒之間的關(guān)系）”可知，研究人員指出參與者普遍幸福感較強(qiáng)且身體較活躍，研究?jī)H分析了一個(gè)時(shí)

間點(diǎn)，說(shuō)明該研究存在局限性，故選A項(xiàng)。

11.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段"Ourbodiesweredesignedfornearconstantactivityandyet,mostofustoday

have

troublefindingtimetoexercise.（我們的身體天生就是為了接近持續(xù)的活動(dòng)而設(shè)計(jì)的，然而，今天大多數(shù)人

卻難以找到時(shí)間來(lái)鍛煉）"、第三段""Wehopethisresearchhelpspeoplerealizetheimportantpublichealth

messagethatsimplygoingfromdoingnophysicalactivitytoperformingsomephysicalactivitycanimprovetheir

subjectivewell-being,9,saysGregoryPanza,thestudy'sleadauthor.'aWhatisevenbetternewsforthephysically

inactivepersonisthattheydonotneedtoexercisealottoseetheseimprovements,Panzacontinues."'Instead,our

resultsshowyouwillachievethebestresultwithlightormoderate（強(qiáng)度適中）physicalactivity."（"我們希望這項(xiàng)

研究能幫助人們意識(shí)到一個(gè)重要的公共衛(wèi)生信息，那就是僅僅從不進(jìn)行任何身體活動(dòng)到進(jìn)行一些身體活

動(dòng)，就能提高他們的主觀幸福感，”研究的首席作者格雷戈里?潘扎說(shuō)?！皩?duì)于不愛(ài)運(yùn)動(dòng)的人來(lái)說(shuō)，更好的

消息是他們不需要進(jìn)行大量鍛煉來(lái)看到這些改善，”潘扎繼續(xù)說(shuō)?！跋喾矗覀兊慕Y(jié)果展示你將通過(guò)輕度或

中度的身體活動(dòng)獲得最佳效果。以及最后一段“Still,theresearchersnotethatallparticipantsofthestudy

hadagenerallypositivesenseofwellbeingandweregenerallyphysicallyactive,sotheiranswersshouldbe

explainedwiththatinmind.Inaddition,thestudyonlyanalyzedonepointintime.Alongitudinalstudy（縱向研

究），whichtrackspeopleovertime,wouldofferabetterlookattherelationshipbetweenexerciseandmood（然

而，研究人員指出，所有參與研究的人都普遍擁有積極的幸福感，并且通常都進(jìn)行身體活動(dòng)，因此他們的

回答應(yīng)該考慮到這一點(diǎn)。此外，這項(xiàng)研究只分析了某一時(shí)間點(diǎn)的數(shù)據(jù)。一個(gè)縱向研究（跟蹤人們隨時(shí)間的

推移），將能更好地觀察運(yùn)動(dòng)與情緒之間的關(guān)系戶(hù)可知，文章開(kāi)篇指出人們沒(méi)時(shí)間鍛煉很不幸，接著闡述

康涅狄格大學(xué)研究表明不需要長(zhǎng)時(shí)間高強(qiáng)度鍛煉，只需起身散散步等輕度或中度活動(dòng)就能改善情緒、提升

幸福感，最后說(shuō)明研究的局限性，重點(diǎn)圍繞運(yùn)動(dòng)改善情緒展開(kāi)，B選項(xiàng)“Feelingdown?Walkitoff!（心情低

落？走一走?。奔赛c(diǎn)明心情低落這一與抑郁相關(guān)的情緒問(wèn)題，又突出通過(guò)走路這種簡(jiǎn)單運(yùn)動(dòng)來(lái)改善，符合

主旨，故選B項(xiàng)。

題型二閱讀理解之主旨要義…文章大意題

1.（2025?黑龍江省大慶市高三第二次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)）

Sincethefirstbicyclehittheroad,bicyclistshaveenjoyedracingtheirbikes.Today,theworld'sbestriders

gatherinScotlandtocompeteintheUCICyclingWorldChampionships.Whetherthebicyclistsaretestingtheir

speed,strengthorstyle,thecompetitionprovidesaspectacleforcyclingfans.

In2022,around300,000fanscheeredfortheirfavoriteridersattheevent.Atthesametime,over300

millionmorewatchedtheglobalbroadcast.Thisyearthechampionshipsareexpectedtobeamongthetop-10

most-watchedsportingeventsintheworld.

Themen'sandwomen'sexcitingsprint（7中束U）roadracesarefavoritesofnearly230millionviewers.Each

racefeaturesamassstart,andthenridersusetheirspeedandskillstocrossthefinishlinefirst.Anotherpopular

contestisthemen'sandwomen'stime-trialtestofendurance（耐力），whichattractsnearly180million.Soloriders

raceagainsttheclockforthefastesttime.Competitorswhohavethebestbike-handlingskillsandendurancecome

outontop.Whilesomeenjoytraditionalraces,othersprefertowatchthetechniquesdisplayedbythefreestyle

riders.

ThefirstversionoftheseWorldChampionshipswasheldin1893inChicago.Overtheyears,ithasbecome

oneofthemostimportantcompetitionsinthecyclingworld.Initsearlydays,amateurriderswouldcompeteon

openroads.However,ascyclingbecamemorepopularandthenumberofparticipantsgrew,theracesweremoved

tospeciallydesignedcourses.Thisallowsforasaferandmorecontrolledenvironmentforthecyclists.

TheUCICyclingWorldChampionshipsarenowheldinadifferentlocationeveryyear,thusincludinga

widervarietyoflandscapesintheraces.Italsogivesridersfromdifferentcountriesthechancetoexperience

differenttypesofconditionsandclimates.Withitsexcellentreputationandexcitingvarietyofraces,the

Championshipscontinuetoimpressandexciteaudiences.

28.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“spectacle“inparagraph1probablymean?

A.Preciousopportunity.B.Fantasticshow.

C.Valuableknowledge.D.Wonderfulscenery.

29.Whatisthefunctionofparagraph3?

A.TostresstheintensityofUCICyclingWorldChampionships.

B.ToprovethepopularityofUCICyclingWorldChampionships.

C.Tovividlydemonstratetheexceptionalskillsofthecompetitors.

D.Tostronglyrecommendsomemostattractiveeventstoreaders.

30.Whydidthechampionshipsabandonopenroads?

A.Toincreasethevarietyofparticipants.B.Tocontrolthenumberofathletes.

C.Toguaranteethesecurityofcyclists.D.To