2025年高考第二次模擬考試英語（北京卷 ）（全解全析）

絕密★考試結(jié)束前2025年高考第二次模擬考試（北京卷）02英語（考試時(shí)間：100分鐘試卷滿分：100分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．本試卷分第Ⅰ卷（選擇題）和第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題）兩部分。答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2．回答第Ⅰ卷時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。寫在本試卷上無效。3．回答第Ⅱ卷時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。4．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分：知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，30分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分）(深度改編)閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上將該選項(xiàng)涂黑。Onesummerday,Sarahdecidedtogoforabikerideinthecountryside.Thesunwasshiningbrightly,andtheairwasfilledwiththesweetsmelloffreshflowers.Shefeltagreatsenseof1asshebicycledalongthewindingpath.AsSarahrodefurther,shepottedasmall,oldhousestandingattheendofadirtroad.Shehadneverseenitbeforeandfeltcurious.Resolvedto2shelockedherbikeandwalkedtowardsit.Thedoorwashalfclosed,soSarahpusheditopenandsteppedinside.Thehousewasdusty.She3therooms,findingsomeoldphotographsand4toys.Inthekitchen,Sarahfounda5cookbookwhosecoverwastornattheedges.Sheopeneditandwassurprisedtoseerecipesfromhergrandmother,whohadpassedawayyearsago.Tearswelledupinhereyesassherememberedthehappytimestheyhadshared.Shecarefully6itinherscarfandplaceditinherbackpack.WhenSarahgothome,sheshowedthecookbooktoherparents.Theywereamazedbythe7andhuggedhertightly.Thatnight,Sarahcookedoneofhergrandmother’srecipesforthewholefamily,andtheyhadthemealtogether8Theexperiencehadbeena/an9pointforSarah.Shelearnedtoappreciatethevalueoffamilyhistoryandbeautyineverydaylife.Lookingback,Sarahknewthather10hadledhertoatreasureshehadnever

expectedtofind.1．A．emptiness B．contentment C．a(chǎn)chievement D．loss2．A．investigate B．slip C．explore D．check3．A．searchedfor B．cleanedup C．brokeinto D．wanderedthrough4．A．misplaced B．unused C．ignored D．a(chǎn)bandoned5．A．well-received B．worn-out C．second-hand D．best-selling6．A．threw B．wrapped C．folded D．hid7．A．secret B．wonder C．outcome D．discovery8．A．calmly B．confidently C．cheerfully D．patiently9．A．confirming B．breaking C．ending D．turning10．A．sympathy B．curiosity C．enthusiasm D．innocence1．B2．C3．D4．D5．B6．B7．D8．C9．D10．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Sarah在一個(gè)夏日決定去鄉(xiāng)村騎自行車，偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了一座舊房子，并在其中找到了已故祖母的食譜，這一發(fā)現(xiàn)讓她深感懷念和珍惜。1．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)她沿著蜿蜒的小路騎行時(shí)，心中涌起一股強(qiáng)烈的滿足感。A.emptiness空虛；B.contentment滿足；C.achievement成就；D.loss損失。根據(jù)上文“Thesunwasshiningbrightly,andtheairwasfilledwiththesweetsmelloffreshflowers.”以及常理可知，上文指出此時(shí)陽光明媚，花香四溢，由此可推測(cè)，Sarah騎車時(shí)應(yīng)是充滿滿足感。故選B。2．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：下定決心去一探究竟，她鎖好自行車，朝房子走去。A.investigate調(diào)查；B.slip滑倒；C.explore探索；D.check檢查。根據(jù)上文“Shehadneverseenitbeforeandfeltcurious.”可知，Sarah對(duì)此感到很好奇；再根據(jù)下文“shelockedherbikeandwalkedtowardsit”可知，她想去一探究竟。故選C。3．考查動(dòng)詞短語詞義辨析。句意：她在各個(gè)房間里四處走動(dòng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些舊照片和被遺棄的玩具。A.searchedfor尋找；B.cleanedup打掃；C.brokeinto闖入；D.wanderedthrough漫步、閑逛。根據(jù)上文“Resolvedto

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shelockedherbikeandwalkedtowardsit.”可知，Sarah想進(jìn)去一探究竟；再根據(jù)下文“findingsomeoldphotographs”可知，Sarah在各個(gè)房間里走來走去。故選D。4．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：她在各個(gè)房間里四處走動(dòng)，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些舊照片和被遺棄的玩具。A.misplaced放錯(cuò)位置的；B.unused未使用的；C.ignored被忽視的；D.abandoned被遺棄的。根據(jù)上文“AsSarahrodefurther,she

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asmall,oldhousestandingattheendofadirtroad.”可知，房子很舊；再根據(jù)空前“someoldphotographs”中的“old”可推測(cè)，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些被遺棄的玩具。故選D。5．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在廚房里，Sarah發(fā)現(xiàn)了一本破舊的烹飪書，書的封面邊緣已經(jīng)破損。A.well-received受歡迎的；B.worn-out穿破的、用舊的；C.second-hand二手的；D.best-selling暢銷的。根據(jù)空后的“whosecoverwastornattheedges”可知，這本烹飪書有點(diǎn)破舊。故選B。6．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她小心翼翼地用圍巾把書包起來，放進(jìn)了背包里。A.threw扔；B.wrapped包裝；C.folded折疊；D.hid隱藏。根據(jù)空后的“inherscarf”中的“scarf”可推測(cè)，她是用圍巾把書包起來。故選B。7．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他們對(duì)這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)驚嘆不已，緊緊地?fù)肀Я怂?。A.secret秘密；B.wonder奇跡；C.outcome結(jié)果；D.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)。根據(jù)“WhenSarahgothome,sheshowedthecookbooktoherparents.”以及上文內(nèi)容可知，她發(fā)現(xiàn)了有祖母菜譜的烹飪書，這個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)讓父母很驚訝。故選D。8．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，Sarah按照祖母的一份菜譜為全家人做了一頓飯，一家人開心地共進(jìn)晚餐。A.calmly平靜地；B.confidently自信地；C.cheerfully愉快地；D.patiently耐心地。根據(jù)上文“Tearswelledupinhereyesassherememberedthehappytimestheyhadshared.”可知，Sarah很喜歡和祖母一起待在一起的時(shí)光；再根據(jù)上文“Thatnight,Sarahcookedoneofhergrandmother’srecipesforthewholefamily”可知，能夠吃到根據(jù)祖母的菜譜所做的飯菜，一家人自然很開心。故選C。9．考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這次經(jīng)歷對(duì)Sarah來說是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)。A.confirming確認(rèn)、證實(shí)；B.breaking打破；C.ending結(jié)束；D.turning轉(zhuǎn)變。根據(jù)下文“Shelearnedto

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thevalueoffamilyhistoryandbeautyineverydaylife.”可知，Sarah開始欣賞生活中的美好，這對(duì)她而言是一個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)?？疾槎陶Z：aturningpoint，意為“轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)”，符合句意。故選D。10．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：回首往事，Sarah知道是她的好奇心引領(lǐng)她找到了一份從未預(yù)料到會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)的珍寶。A.sympathy同情；B.curiosity好奇心；C.enthusiasm熱情；D.innocence無辜。根據(jù)上文“Shehadneverseenitbeforeandfeltcurious.”以及全文內(nèi)容可知，是好奇心使得Sarah找到了祖母的食譜。故選B。第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題，每小題1.5分,共15分）閱讀下列短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。AAndrewKonde,astudentatKenya’sStrathmoreUniversity,wasinspiredtostartlearningkungfuasachildafter11(watch)martialartsmovies.WhatbeganasahobbyforachildhassincebecomeawayoflifeforKonde,12isnowthechairmanoftheuniversity’sMartialArtsClub.Throughhardwork,he13(lead)histeamtovictoriesatnationalchampionshipsoverthepasttwoyears.【答案】11．watching12．who13．hasled【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了肯尼亞斯特拉斯莫爾大學(xué)的學(xué)生AndrewKonde受武術(shù)電影啟發(fā)，從小開始學(xué)習(xí)功夫，后來成為大學(xué)武術(shù)俱樂部主席，并在過去兩年里帶領(lǐng)團(tuán)隊(duì)在全國錦標(biāo)賽中取得勝利的故事。11．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：肯尼亞斯特拉斯莫爾大學(xué)的學(xué)生AndrewKonde，小時(shí)候看了武術(shù)電影后，受到啟發(fā)開始學(xué)習(xí)功夫。after為介詞，后接動(dòng)名詞作賓語。故填watching。12．考查定語從句。句意：對(duì)Konde來說，最初只是孩子的愛好，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)成為了他的一種生活方式，他現(xiàn)在是大學(xué)武術(shù)俱樂部的主席?？崭裉幰龑?dǎo)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞Konde，指人，且從句中作主語，用關(guān)系代詞who引導(dǎo)從句。故填who。13．考查時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：通過努力，他在過去兩年里帶領(lǐng)他的團(tuán)隊(duì)在全國錦標(biāo)賽中取得了勝利。lead(帶領(lǐng))是謂語動(dòng)詞，與主語he之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語“overthepasttwoyears”可知，描述從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的情況，用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，助動(dòng)詞用has。故填hasled。B閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Travelcanslowtheagingprocess.Tourism14(play)animportantroleinsocialengagement,appreciatingnature,physicalhealthandhealthydiet.Beautifullandscapeslikeforestsor15(beach)canhelpusreducestress,boostourmentalwell-beingandpromotephysicalactivity.Enough16(expose)toothertourists,localsorevenanimalscanimproveourmoodandenhancecognitivefunction.【答案】14．plays15．beaches16．exposure【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要介紹了旅行可以延緩衰老過程。14．考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：旅游在社會(huì)參與、欣賞自然、身體健康和健康飲食方面發(fā)揮著重要作用。此處為謂語動(dòng)詞的填入，該句為闡述客觀事實(shí)，為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語Tourism為不可數(shù)名詞，所以為動(dòng)詞三單形式。故填plays。15．考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式。句意：美麗的風(fēng)景，如森林或海灘，可以幫助我們減輕壓力，促進(jìn)我們的精神健康，促進(jìn)身體活動(dòng)。根據(jù)句意以及or連接的forests為復(fù)數(shù)名詞可知，此處也應(yīng)為復(fù)數(shù)名詞，保持并列結(jié)構(gòu)。故填beaches。16．考查名詞。句意：其他游客、當(dāng)?shù)厝松踔羷?dòng)物有足夠的接觸可以改善我們的情緒，增強(qiáng)認(rèn)知功能。由空前Enough為形容詞可知，此處為名詞形式，expose的名詞為exposure“接觸”，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填exposure。C閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給詞的正確形式填空。Cambodiaisexperiencingariseinpopulationandunregulateddevelopment,whichhasbeendestructivefortheenvironment.Moreandmore17(experienced)farmersaretakingupagricultureneartheedgesofCambodia’sforests.UnfortunatelyforCambodia’swildAsianelephants,thishascausedaconflictwithhumans.Aselephantssearch18food,theyhavedestroyedfarms.Inturn,pooranduneducatedfarmershavekilledtheelephants19(protect)theirlivelihoods.Bytheearlyyearsofthiscentury,thepopulationofelephants20(fall)dramaticallyfromabout2,000to500.【答案】17．inexperienced18．for19．toprotect20．hadfallen【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。主要說明了柬埔寨大象和農(nóng)民之間的矛盾。17．考查形容詞。句意：越來越多沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的農(nóng)民開始在柬埔寨森林邊緣從事農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)。修飾名詞farmers應(yīng)用形容詞inexperienced，作定語。故填inexperienced。18．考查介詞。句意：在大象尋找食物的過程中，它們摧毀了農(nóng)場(chǎng)。短語searchfor表示“尋找”，故填for。19．考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：反過來，貧窮和未受過教育的農(nóng)民殺死大象以保護(hù)他們的生計(jì)。此處protect作目的狀語用不定式。故填toprotect。20．考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到本世紀(jì)初，大象的數(shù)量從2000頭急劇下降到500頭。根據(jù)上文Bytheearlyyearsofthiscentury可知表示過去的過去，用過去完成時(shí)。故填hadfallen。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）第一節(jié)（共14小題，每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。ABecomeanEmergencyNutritionNetwork(ENN)voluntaryYouthPartner!Weareexcitedtoreceiveapplicationsforourroles,fortheperiodJanuary2025-2026.TheyouthpartnerswillinformtheworkofENNtohelpendhungerandmalnutrition(營養(yǎng)不良).Theyouthpartnerswillhelpensurethatourworkisrelevantforyoungpeople,boththosewhoaremalnourishedandinneedofsupport,andthosestudentsandyoungprofessionalslookingtojointhenutritionsector.Applicants·Be18-24yearsofage.·SpeakgoodEnglish.·RemainintherolewithENNfortwoyears.·Bepreferredbutnotlimitedtoyoungpeoplewhoalreadyholdexperiencewithinleadershiprolesintheirschool/community/university,orhaveexperienceofbeinginayouthgroup.Supposedmeetings·Attend6onlinemeetingsperyear(about10hoursintotaloverthecourseofayear)onweekdays,butwecanbeflexibletoyourscheduleifneeded.Inaddition,youmayoccasionallybeaskedtogivefeedbackbyemailinbetweenmeetings.·Joininthreephonemeetingsgivenbyexpertswheretherearearound15peoplepresent,allgivingupdatesonwhattheyareworkingonandseekingadvicefromoneanother.·Attendtheother3meetingsoftheyearonline“workshops”.Peoplewilldiscusstheirworkwithyouandtheotheryouthpartners.Theywillaskforyouropinionsandideasonallkindsofthingssuchassocialmediaposts,researchdesigns,materials,waysofreachingteens,howtomotivateteenagerstoeathealthyfood,etc.SignupFillouttheattachedformtellingusaboutyourselfandyourmotivations.Oralternatively,filmavideoofyourselfandemailit.21．WorkingforENN,voluntaryyouthpartners______.A．cooperatetosetupthenutritionsectorB．donatenutritiousfoodtothoseinneedC．helpfightagainsthungerandmalnutritionD．collectapplicationsfromyoungprofessionals22．Tobecomeavoluntaryyouthpartner,oneshould______.A．speakEnglishfluently B．haveleadershipexperienceC．shootavideoaboutnutrition D．promisetoworkforthreeyears23．Whatwilltheyouthpartnersdointhe“workshops”?A．Meetexperts. B．Exchangeideas.C．Postupdates. D．Emailfeedback.【答案】21．C22．A23．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要講述了成為ENN自愿青年合作伙伴的相關(guān)要求。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段中“Theyouthpartnerswillhelpensurethatourworkisrelevantforyoungpeople,boththosewhoaremalnourishedandinneedofsupport,andthosestudentsandyoungprofessionalslookingtojointhenutritionsector.(青年合作伙伴將幫助確保我們的工作對(duì)年輕人具有相關(guān)性，既包括營養(yǎng)不良且需要支持的人，也包括那些希望加入營養(yǎng)領(lǐng)域的學(xué)生和年輕專業(yè)人士。)”可知，為ENN工作，志愿者會(huì)幫助對(duì)抗饑餓和營養(yǎng)不良。故選C。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Applicants部分中“SpeakgoodEnglish.(英語說得好。)”可知，要成為志愿者應(yīng)說好英語。故選A。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章Supposedmeetings部分中“Peoplewilldiscusstheirworkwithyouandtheotheryouthpartners.Theywillaskforyouropinionsandideasonallkindsofthingssuchassocialmediaposts,researchdesigns,materials,waysofreachingteens,howtomotivateteenagerstoeathealthyfood,etc.(人們將與您和其他青年合作伙伴討論他們的工作。他們將就社交媒體帖子、研究設(shè)計(jì)、材料、接觸青少年的方式、如何激勵(lì)青少年吃健康食品等各種事情征求您的意見和建議。)”可知，人們將在“研討會(huì)”上和青年伙伴交流想法。故選B。BThegreatelephantstandsinthehotAfricansun.Slowlythebeastliftsitsheadanditsthicktrunkdelicatelycurlsaroundtheleavesofanearbytree,pullingouttheleavesandpolitelyslippingthemintoitsmouth.Thebeast’sgreatgreyskinispartlybrokenandagedfromtheAfricansun.Somemuddropsononesidefromitslasttriptoanearbyriver.Itsroughhairsticksoutfromalloveritsskinandtwolarge,whitetuskscurveelegantlyfromeithersideofitsmouth.Somewherealionroarsandsomethingelsegivesaloudhighshout.Avulture(禿鷲)driftsoverfarabovethisworld,barelyablackdotinthesky.Thebuzzingofthecountlessbushinsectsseemstocollectivelyshiftupinhightune,almostlikethewholeofthesavanna(熱帶草原)wassingingsomesongthatonlytheyknew.Ipeerthroughthelens(鏡頭)atthisscene.Thezoomlensshowsalmosteverydetailoftheelephant:thethreesmallcutsinitsleftearfromplayingasababyaroundthorntrees,thescardownitsfrontlegwherealioncaughtitunawareasayoungadult,andweatheringonitsgreat,valuabletusksfromdecadesoflivinginthisunforgivinggrasslandonadustycontinent.Andthentheelephantlooksatme.Itlooksatmewiththosebig,eyelashedeyeswithawarmthcomingoutwardsfromavast,hiddendepththere.Icansuddenlyfeelitssoul,andfeelthelineofelephantsthatcamebeforethisone,trailingbacktotheverybeginningsofthisgreatsavanna.Wewillneverunderstandwhatwondersthisancientbeinganditskindhaveseenandwhisperedtoeachotheracrosstheagesonthisold,sacredgrassland.Itlooksatme,anditlooksthroughmeandseesme.TheelephantknowsIamthere.Italwaysdid.Itisnotrunningaway,norisitfighting.Itacceptsandforgives.Itloves.But,mostly,itjustfeelssad.Itfeelssorryforme.Icannotdothisanymore.Itakemyeyeoffthesightsandhandthegunbacktomypartner.“Let’sgohome,”Isaidinaquietvoice,“l(fā)et’sjustgohome.”24．Accordingtothefirsttwoparagraphs,whichwordcanbestdescribetheelephant?A．Mysterious. B．Depressed. C．Aggressive. D．Graceful.25．Whentheauthorseesthroughthelens,heis.A．deeplymovedandfilledwithsympathy B．overwhelmedbytheelephant’sstrengthC．a(chǎn)nnoyedatthepresenceofotheranimals D．shockedandscaredbytheelephant’sscars26．Whatdoestheauthorintendtodoinitially?A．Takeapicture. B．Observetheelephant.C．Hunttheelephant. D．StudyAfricangrassland.27．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Naturecalmsouranger. B．Naturepurifiesoursouls.C．Naturehealsourwounds. D．Natureenrichesourimagination.【答案】24．D25．A26．C27．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者在非洲草原，透過鏡頭觀察一頭大象。大象在烈日下進(jìn)食，其皮膚因日曬而斑駁，身上帶著過往的傷痕。當(dāng)大象看向作者時(shí)，作者仿佛感受到其靈魂及背后的歷史傳承。從大象的眼神中，作者感受到它的接納、原諒、悲傷與憐憫。最終，作者放下手中的槍，決定回家，放棄傷害大象的行為。24．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中“Slowlythebeastliftsitsheadanditsthicktrunkdelicatelycurlsaroundtheleavesofanearbytree,pullingouttheleavesandpolitelyslippingthemintoitsmouth.(它慢慢地抬起頭，它粗壯的鼻子巧妙地卷曲在附近一棵樹的葉子上，把葉子抽出來，禮貌地塞進(jìn)嘴里)”以及第二段中“Itsroughhairsticksoutfromalloveritsskinandtwolarge,whitetuskscurveelegantlyfromeithersideofitsmouth.(它粗糙的毛發(fā)從皮膚上伸出來，兩根巨大的白色象牙從嘴的兩側(cè)優(yōu)雅地彎曲著)”可推知，根據(jù)前兩段內(nèi)容，大象的動(dòng)作是優(yōu)雅的。故選D項(xiàng)。25．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Ipeerthroughthelens(鏡頭)atthisscene.Thezoomlensshowsalmosteverydetailoftheelephant:thethreesmallcutsinitsleftearfromplayingasababyaroundthorntrees,thescardownitsfrontlegwherealioncaughtitunawareasayoungadult,andweatheringonitsgreat,valuabletusksfromdecadesoflivinginthisunforgivinggrasslandonadustycontinent.(我透過鏡頭看這個(gè)場(chǎng)景。變焦鏡頭幾乎展示了這頭大象的每一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)：它的左耳上有三個(gè)小傷口，這是它小時(shí)候在荊棘樹下玩耍時(shí)留下的，它的前腿上有一個(gè)傷疤，那是它年輕時(shí)被獅子在不知道的情況下抓住的，它那又大又珍貴的象牙上有幾十年生活在這片塵土飛揚(yáng)的大陸上無情的草原上的風(fēng)化)”以及第六段中“Itlooksatmewiththosebig,eyelashedeyeswithawarmthcomingoutwardsfromavast,hiddendepththere.Icansuddenlyfeelitssoul,andfeelthelineofelephantsthatcamebeforethisone,trailingbacktotheverybeginningsofthisgreatsavanna.(它用那雙長著睫毛的大眼睛看著我，從那巨大而隱蔽的深處發(fā)出一種溫暖。我能突然感受到它的靈魂，感受到在這頭大象之前的大象群，一直追溯到這片大草原的起源)”可推知，當(dāng)作者透過鏡頭看的時(shí)候，他是深深感動(dòng)并充滿同情。故選A項(xiàng)。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Itakemyeyeoffthesightsandhandthegunbacktomypartner.“Let’sgohome,”Isaidinaquietvoice,“l(fā)et’sjustgohome.”(我把視線從瞄準(zhǔn)具上移開，把槍還給了我的搭檔?！拔覀兓丶野?，”我輕聲說，“我們就回家吧?！?”可推知，作者最初打算獵殺大象。故選C項(xiàng)。27．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意，尤其第六段中“Icansuddenlyfeelitssoul,andfeelthelineofelephantsthatcamebeforethisone,trailingbacktotheverybeginningsofthisgreatsavanna.Wewillneverunderstandwhatwondersthisancientbeinganditskindhaveseenandwhisperedtoeachotheracrosstheagesonthisold,sacredgrassland.(我能突然感受到它的靈魂，感受到在這頭大象之前的大象群，一直追溯到這片大草原的起源。我們永遠(yuǎn)無法理解，在這片古老而神圣的草原上，這只古老的生物和它的同類在多少世紀(jì)以來看到了什么奇跡，并彼此低語著什么)”和最后一段“Itakemyeyeoffthesightsandhandthegunbacktomypartner.“Let’sgohome,”Isaidinaquietvoice,“l(fā)et’sjustgohome.”(我把視線從瞄準(zhǔn)具上移開，把槍還給了我的搭檔?！拔覀兓丶野?，”我輕聲說，“我們就回家吧?！?”可推知，我們能從文章中領(lǐng)悟到自然可以凈化我們的靈魂。故選B項(xiàng)。COnedayinthefallof2023,ayoungAtlanticyellow-nosedalbatrosswaslyinglistlessinsoutheasternBrazil’sSantosBasin.Beachmonitorsfoundtheyoungbirdinthesand,weakanddying.Thecauseofthealbatross’sdisasterwasevident:itwascaughtinaweatherballoon,which,sadly,isjustoneinstanceofabiggerenvironmentalheadache.Globally,hundredsofthousandsofweatherballoonsarelaunchedintotheskyeveryyear,andthemajorityareneverrecovered.Instead,theirwaste—amixoflatex,cottonandplastics—remainsinmarine(海洋的)ecosystemsforyears.Andbecauseonlyasmallpercentageofdeadanimalswashashore,theimpactislikelyworsethanthenumberssuggest.Therootofthismountingtroubleliesintheverynatureofhowweatherballoonsoperate.Weatherballoonsareusedtogethigh-altitude(高空)datalikeairtemperatureandpressure.Onceaballoonhastravelledupabout21milesanditsvolumehasgrown100-fold,itexplodes,shootingpiecesinalldirections.AustralianresearchersattheTangaroaBlueFoundationfirstflaggedtheproblemofweather-balloongarbageadecadeago.Over21months,theycollected2,460piecesofweather-balloonlitteraroundtheGreatBarrierReef.Theresearchersestimatedthatupto70percentofAustralia’sweatherballoonsendupintheocean.Onestudynotesthatwhilesomeofthematerialsusedinweatherballoonsareconsideredbiodegradable,muchofitisnotbreakingdownquickly.Somecompanieshaveproducedspecialmaterialsnowmadefromplant-basedfiberdesignedtoweakenmuchfasterthanpreviouscottonversions.Butthenewmodelsare20to30percentmoreexpensive.Despitethehighercost,weatherbureaus(局)havestartedtoreducetheimpactbytryingoutmoresustainableballoonsandswitchingfromwhitetoblueballoons,whichmarineanimalsmaybelesslikelytomistakeforfood.Someagenciesalsoannouncedtheywouldbetestingdrones(無人機(jī))tocollectweatherdata,whicharerecoverable.Weatheragenciesaren’ttrialingthesenewdevicesonlybecausethey’remoresustainable;theyalsowantbetterdata.Fornow,though,balloonsstillflymuchhigherthandrones,sotheyremainanimportantdata-collectingtool.Lower-impactversionswouldatleastbeasmallimprovementfortheocean’sanimals.28．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Thefunctionsofweatherballoons.B．Theproblemsofusingweatherballoons.C．Thecompositionofweatherballoonwaste.D．Thedifficultyofweatherballoonrecycling.29．Whatcanwelearnaboutweatherballoons?A．Weatherballoonwastecanhardlybreakdown.B．Newversionsofweatherballoonsarebeingtried.C．Weatherballoonscausethedeathofmostseaanimals.D．Dronesarebetterincollectingdatathanweatherballoons.30．Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthechangesmentionedinthepassage?A．Valuablebutrisky.B．Excitingandhopeful.C．Necessaryandreliable.D．Promisingbutincomplete.【答案】28．B29．B30．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章主要介紹了氣象氣球?qū)Ｑ笊鷳B(tài)系統(tǒng)造成的影響，包括氣象氣球的使用、廢棄物問題、現(xiàn)有解決方案以及未來可能的替代方案。28．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Globally,hundredsofthousandsofweatherballoonsarelaunchedintotheskyeveryyear,andthemajorityareneverrecovered.Instead,theirwaste—amixoflatex,cottonandplastics—remainsinmarine(海洋的)ecosystemsforyears.Andbecauseonlyasmallpercentageofdeadanimalswashashore,theimpactislikelyworsethanthenumberssuggest.(在全球范圍內(nèi)，每年有數(shù)十萬個(gè)氣象氣球被發(fā)射到天空中，其中大多數(shù)都沒有被回收。相反，它們的廢物——乳膠、棉花和塑料的混合物——會(huì)在海洋生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中留存多年。由于只有一小部分死亡動(dòng)物被沖上岸，因此影響可能比數(shù)字所顯示的更嚴(yán)重)”可知，本段主要講述使用氣象氣球?qū)е碌膯栴}。故選B項(xiàng)。29．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Somecompanieshaveproducedspecialmaterialsnowmadefromplant-basedfiberdesignedtoweakenmuchfasterthanpreviouscottonversions.Butthenewmodelsare20to30percentmoreexpensive.Despitethehighercost,weatherbureaus(局)havestartedtoreducetheimpactbytryingoutmoresustainableballoonsandswitchingfromwhitetoblueballoons,whichmarineanimalsmaybelesslikelytomistakeforfood.(一些公司已經(jīng)生產(chǎn)出由植物纖維制成的特殊材料，這種材料比以前的棉質(zhì)材料更容易變?nèi)?。但是新型?hào)要貴20%到30%。盡管成本更高，但氣象部門已經(jīng)開始嘗試使用更可持續(xù)的氣球，并將白色氣球換成藍(lán)色氣球，以減少海洋動(dòng)物誤以為食物的可能性)”可知，新版本的氣象氣球正在試驗(yàn)中。故選B項(xiàng)。30．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Weatheragenciesaren’ttrialingthesenewdevicesonlybecausethey’remoresustainable;theyalsowantbetterdata.Fornow,though,balloonsstillflymuchhigherthandrones,sotheyremainanimportantdata-collectingtool.Lower-impactversionswouldatleastbeasmallimprovementfortheocean’sanimals.(氣象機(jī)構(gòu)試用這些新設(shè)備并不僅僅是因?yàn)樗鼈兏沙掷m(xù)；他們也想要更好的數(shù)據(jù)。但就目前而言，氣球仍然比無人機(jī)飛得高得多，因此它們?nèi)匀皇侵匾臄?shù)據(jù)收集工具。對(duì)海洋動(dòng)物來說，低影響的版本至少是一個(gè)小小的改善)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為目前的改變是有希望的但還不完善。故選D項(xiàng)。DAccordingtoanideacalledthe“inflationary(暴脹的)multiverse”,theuniversehasbeenconstantlyexpanding,whichwouldhavecreatedacountlessnumberofotheruniverses.Collectively,thesecosmicislandsformwhatscientistscalla“multiverse”.However,otheruniversesmayliebeyondourscientificreach,physicallyandphilosophically.Consequently,themethodologiesbywhichphysicistsmightvalidate(驗(yàn)證)themultiverseandwhethersuchvalidationisevenpossibleremainunresolvedinquiries.Inscience,hypotheses(假說)areusedtoproposeexplanations,butfromhypothesestotheories,validationofpredictionsisessentialtoseewhetherinitialassumptionsaresupportedordisproved.TheoreticalphysicistCarloRovellisays,“Itishardtowritetheoriesthatsurvivetheproofofreality.Fewsurvivethankstoabasicidea:Donottrustyourfancies.Keeponlytheideasthatcanbetested.”Rovelliadds,“Todaymanyphysicistsarewastingtimetryingtoguessandjumpingtoconclusions.Thisapproachhasneverworkedpreviously,anditisnotworkingnow.”Themultiversemightbeoneofthosewildguesses.Now,physicistsaredebatingwhetherthatproblemmovesthemultiversefromphysicstometaphysics,fromtheworldofsciencetothatofphilosophy.PhilosopherRichardDawidbelievesscientistscouldsupportthemultiversehypotheseswithoutactuallyfindingphysicalsupport.“Ifwehaveatheorythatseemstowork,andhavecomeupwithnothingthatworksbetter,chancesareourideaisright,”hesays.Noteveryoneissocheerful,though.SabineHossenfelder,anothertheoreticalphysicist,thinks“Withoutmakingcontactwithobservation,atheoryisn’tpartofthenaturalsciences,andnotphysics.”Somesupportersofthemultiverseclaimtheyhavefoundphysicalevidence.AndreiLindeinsists“Ouruniverseseemsfine-tuned(精調(diào)的)tobefavourabletolife,withafour-dimensionalspaceinwhichwecanlive.Itiscertainthatinaneternallyinflatingmultiverse,oneoftheuniversesshouldturnoutlikeours.Eachuniversecanhavedifferentphysicallawsandfundamentals.Givenlimitlesschanges,auniverseonwhichhumanscanbebornwillbeborn.Themultiverseactuallyexplainswhywe’rehere.Andourexistence,therefore,helpsexplainwhythemultiverseisplausible.”JustasEinstein’stheoryofgeneralrelativitycouldonlybeconfirmedrecentlywithabillion-dollarinstrumentcalledLIGO,scientistsmayeventuallydiscovermoredirectevidenceofthemultiverse.Sofar,allofsciencehasreliedontestability,butthoseteststaketime,andmosttheoreticianswanttowaititout.Theyarenotreadytoshelveanidealikethemultiverse—whichcouldactuallybetheanswertolife,theuniverseandeverything—untilandunlesstheycanprovetothemselvesitdoesn’texist.Andthatdaymaynevercome.31．Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A．Themultiverseisrecognizedasatheory.B．Themultiversestartsdebatesonhumanexistence.C．Rovellicriticizesphysicistsfortheirbaselessfancies.D．Dawidemphasizesthenecessityofphysicalevidence.32．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“plausible”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Credible. B．Complex. C．Essential. D．Fascinating.33．Asfortheexistenceofmultiverse,theauthoris_________.A．negative B．neutral C．certain D．positive34．Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．MysteriesofMultiverse:Fine-TunedforLifeB．CanPhysicistsEverProvetheMultiverseIsReal?C．TheInflationaryMultiverse:ProvenBeyondDoubtD．HavePhysicistsLostTheirMindsintheMultiverse?【答案】31．C32．A33．D34．B【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要解釋了什么是多元宇宙，以及物理學(xué)家對(duì)于這一概念的不同看法和論證。31．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“TheoreticalphysicistCarloRovellisays,“Itishardtowritetheoriesthatsurvivetheproofofreality.Fewsurvivethankstoabasicidea:Donottrustyourfancies.Keeponlytheideasthatcanbetested.”Rovelliadds,“Todaymanyphysicistsarewastingtimetryingtoguessandjumpingtoconclusions.Thisapproachhasneverworkedpreviously,anditisnotworkingnow.”Themultiversemightbeoneofthosewildguesses.(理論物理學(xué)家CarloRovelli說：“很難寫出經(jīng)得起現(xiàn)實(shí)證明的理論。很少有理論能幸存下來，這要?dú)w功于一個(gè)基本的理念：不要相信你的幻想。只保留那些可以被測(cè)試的想法?！盧ovelli補(bǔ)充道：“今天，許多物理學(xué)家都在浪費(fèi)時(shí)間去猜測(cè)和草率下結(jié)論。這種方法以前從未奏效，現(xiàn)在也行不通?！倍嘣钪婵赡苁沁@些大膽的猜測(cè)之一)”可知，羅維利批評(píng)物理學(xué)家毫無根據(jù)的幻想（包括多元宇宙），認(rèn)為真正的理論需要現(xiàn)實(shí)上經(jīng)得起被測(cè)試。故選C。32．詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞上文“Itiscertainthatinaneternallyinflatingmultiverse,oneoftheuniversesshouldturnoutlikeours.Eachuniversecanhavedifferentphysicallawsandfundamentals.Givenlimitlesschanges,auniverseonwhichhumanscanbebornwillbeborn.Themultiverseactuallyexplainswhywe’rehere.(可以肯定的是，在一個(gè)永遠(yuǎn)膨脹的多元宇宙中，其中一個(gè)宇宙應(yīng)該和我們的宇宙一樣。每個(gè)宇宙都有不同的物理定律和基本原理。鑒于無限的變化，一個(gè)人類可以誕生的宇宙將會(huì)誕生。多元宇宙實(shí)際上解釋了我們?yōu)槭裁丛谶@里)”以及“Andourexistence,therefore,helpsexplainwhythemultiverseis(因此，我們的存在有助于解釋為什么多元宇宙……)”可知，上文therefore表示因果關(guān)系，說明多元宇宙實(shí)際上解釋了我們?yōu)槭裁丛谶@里，而我們的存在有助于解釋多元宇宙的概念是可信的。故劃線詞意思是“可信的”。故選A。33．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“JustasEinstein’stheoryofgeneralrelativitycouldonlybeconfirmedrecentlywithabillion-dollarinstrumentcalledLIGO,scientistsmayeventuallydiscovermoredirectevidenceofthemultiverse.(正如愛因斯坦的廣義相對(duì)論直到最近才被價(jià)值數(shù)十億美元的LIGO儀器證實(shí)一樣，科學(xué)家們最終可能會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)多元宇宙的更直接證據(jù))”和“Theyarenotreadytoshelveanidealikethemultiverse—whichcouldactuallybetheanswertolife,theuniverseandeverything—untilandunlesstheycanprovetothemselvesitdoesn’texist.Andthatdaymaynevercome.(他們還沒有準(zhǔn)備好擱置像多元宇宙這樣的想法——它實(shí)際上可能是生命、宇宙和一切的答案——除非他們能證明它不存在。這一天可能永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)到來)”可知，對(duì)于多元宇宙的存在，作者是肯定的態(tài)度。故選D。34．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Accordingtoanideacalledthe“inflationary(暴脹的)multiverse”,theuniversehasbeenconstantlyexpanding,whichwouldhavecreatedacountlessnumberofotheruniverses.Collectively,thesecosmicislandsformwhatscientistscalla“multiverse”.However,otheruniversesmayliebeyondourscientificreach,physicallyandphilosophically.Consequently,themethodologiesbywhichphysicistsmightvalidate(驗(yàn)證)themultiverseandwhethersuchvalidationisevenpossibleremainunresolvedinquiries.(根據(jù)一種被稱為“暴脹多元宇宙”的觀點(diǎn)，宇宙一直在不斷膨脹，這將創(chuàng)造出無數(shù)的其他宇宙?？偟膩碚f，這些宇宙島嶼形成了科學(xué)家所謂的“多元宇宙”。然而，其他宇宙可能在物理和哲學(xué)上都超出了我們的科學(xué)范圍。因此，物理學(xué)家可能用來驗(yàn)證多重宇宙的方法，以及這種驗(yàn)證是否可能，仍然是未解決的問題)”結(jié)合文章主要解釋了什么是多元宇宙，以及物理學(xué)家對(duì)于這一概念的不同看法和論證?？芍?，B選項(xiàng)“物理學(xué)家能證明多元宇宙是真實(shí)的嗎？”最符合文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Don’tLetPersonalityTypesDefineYouPersonalitytests,especiallytheMyers-Briggstypeindicator(MBT),arepopulartoolsthatmanypeopleusetobetterunderstandthemselvesandtheirrelationshipswithothers.MBTIsortspeopleinto16differentpersonalitytypesbasedonfourkeycategories.Althoughth