2025年高考第一次模擬考試英語（新高考Ⅰ卷 03）（全解全析）

2025年高考第一次模擬考試（新高考I卷）03英語（考試時(shí)間：120分鐘試卷滿分：150分）注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。1．HowlongwillDorothystayinEurope?A．Twodays. B．Twoweeks. C．Fourdays.【答案】B【原文】M:YoumustbeprettyexcitedaboutyourtriptoEurope,Dorothy.Whenareyouleaving?W:Injusttwodays.Butthere’restillafewthingsIneedtodobeforeIgo,likefiguringoutwhattodowithmyapartmentwhileI’mgone.Idon’tliketheideaofpayingafortnightforanemptyapartment.2．Whereshouldthewomantakeabus?A．Oppositetheartmuseum. B．Acrossthestreet. C．OnBankStreet.【答案】B【原文】W:CanItakethisbustotheartmuseum?M:No,thisbusgoesnorthtoBankStreet.Youwantabusthatgoestheoppositeway.3．Whatkindofaccountwillthewomanopen?A．Acheckingaccount. B．Asavingsaccount. C．Ajointaccount.【答案】B【原文】M:Goodmorning!HowmayIhelpyou,please?W:I’dlikeanewaccount.M:Sowhatkindofaccountdoyouwant,asavingsaccount,acheckingaccountorajointaccount?W:Thefirstkind.4．Whatdoesthewomanwanttotalkaboutwiththeman?A．EnglishLearning. B．Westernculture. C．Howtopaint.【答案】B【原文】W:Excuseme,Mr.Smith,Iwanttohaveatalkwithyouaboutwesterncultureafterclass.Canyousparemesometime?M:Sure.Pleasecometomypaintingroomat4:30.5．Whatdidthoseunluckypeoplesufferfrom?A．Earthquake. B．Storm. C．Hurricane.【答案】A【原文】W:Whowillattendthepartythisevening?M:Somefamousfilmstarsandsingers.Theywillraisesomemoneyforthoseunluckypeoplesufferingfromtheearthquake.W:Theyaresokind.第二節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1．5分，滿分22．5分）聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間，每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6至7題。6．Whydoesthemanwanttoworkthere?A．Togoabroad.B．Tofindaplacetolivein.C．ToearnsomemoneyandpracticehisEnglish,7．Whatkindofjobdoesthemanapplyfor?A．Themanager. B．Thewaiter. C．Thecook【答案】6．C7．B【原文】W:Welcometoourhotel.Firstofall,tellmealittlebitaboutyourself.M:MynameisTomSmith.I’masenior.W:Whydoyouwanttoworkpart-timehere?M:First,Iwanttogetsomemoneytosupportmystudy.Second,IcanalsopracticemyspokenEnglishwiththeforeigntourists.I’msureIcanbeagoodwaiterandoffermybestservicetopeople.聽第7段材料，回答第8至10題。8．Whatinspiredthewomantobecomeadoctor?A．Avisittosomechildren. B．Apatient’ssufferings. C．Avolunteerexperience.9．Howlongdidittakethewomantoqualifyasadoctor?A．Abouttenyears. B．Aboutnineyears. C．Abouteightyears.10．Whatdoesthewomansayaboutherjob?A．It’sworthwhile. B．It’swell-paid. C．It’sboring.【答案】8．C9．A10．A【原文】M:Whydidyoudecidetobecomeadoctor,Laura?W:Well,Iwasgoodatsciencesubjectsinschool.IoncegotachancetobeDoctorPage’sassistant,whichwaspartofavolunteerproject,sothat’swhatconvincedmetobecomeadoctor.M:Wasstudyingmedicinetough?W:Yes,Ihadtodofouryearsofmedicalschooltogetmydegree,oneyearofsocialservice,oneyearofworkinginahospitalandfouryearsofspecializationinthestudyofmedicalcareforchildren.ThenIbecameaqualifieddoctor.M:Whataboutyourjobnow?W:Iworkinachildren’shospital.InormallyoperatethreemorningsaweekandtherestofthetimeIseepatientsinmyoffice.WhenIseethechildreninthewardsgettingbetter,Iknowit’sworthit.聽第8段材料，回答第11至14題。11．WhatmakesClaireannoyedwithherfather?A．Hehasnorespectforherfeelings.B．Heforceshertofollowhisplan.C．Hekeepsplayingjokesonher.12．Whycan’tClairekeepherroomtidy?A．Sheistooyoungtocleanit.B．Shehastoomanybooks. C．Shehaslimitedspace.13．WhatdoesSteveadviseClairetodo?A．Moveout. B．Tidyherroom. C．Talkwithherfather.14．WhatdoesClairethinkofSteve’ssuggestion?A．Impractical. B．Satisfactory. C．Challenging.【答案】11．A12．C13．A14．B【原文】M:Hi,Claire.Youlookabitunhappy.What’sthematter?W:Well,it’smydad.Youknowmymomisalwaystellingmetotidymybedroom?Dadhaspostedapictureofmyuntidyroomonhiswebsite.I’msoembarrassed.I’m20andhe’sactingasifI’mstillalittlekid.M:Haveyoutidieditupnow?W:Notyet.I’mnotgoingtolethimthinkhisplanhasbeensuccessful.Anywayit’simpossibletokeepmyroomtidyallthetimebecauseit’ssosmall.Idon’tevenhavetheroomtoputmybooks.M:I’msurethathejustmeantitasajoke.Buthaveyouthoughtaboutlivingalone?W:Ofcourse,buteverywhereissoexpensive.M:Youknowthatmysisterhasbeenlookingforanewapartment.Andshe’sfoundonethatshereallylikes,butit’stoolargeforonepersonsoshe’stryingtoshareitwithsomeone.W:Well,that’sunexpected.Thanks,Steve.I’llreachherrightaway.聽第9段材料，回答第15至17題。15．Whatisthemanprobablydoing?A．Testinghisstudents. B．Teachinghisclass. C．Makinghisspeech.16．Whatdoesthewomanwanttoknowfurther?A．Mathematicalconcept. B．Geometry. C．Plants.17．WhatisthemangoingtodonextWednesday?A．Givefurtherexplanation.B．Givemoreexamples. C．Provehistheory.【答案】15．B16．A17．A【原文】M:Okay,beforeyou’redismissed,doesanyonehaveaquestion?Okay,Stephanie.W:Thankyou,Mr.Green.YoumentionedtheFibonacciseriesjustnow.Idon’tquiteunderstand.Couldyouexplain?Whatdoesitmean?M:FibonacciwasaEuropeanmathematicianintheMiddleAges.TheFibonacciseriesisaseriesofnumbersinwhicheachnumberisequaltothetwonumbersbeforeitaddedtogether.Asimpleexamplegoeslike1,1,2,3,5,8andsoon.W:Whyisitimportant?M:It’simportantbecauseit’scommoningeometryandit’scommoninnature,forexample,inplants.Weseethesenumberseverywhere.W:Couldyougivemesomespecificexamples?M:Well,wedon’thavetimetoday.ButIcanexplainmoreaboutitinthenextlessononWednesday.聽第10段材料，回答第18至20題。18．Howdidthemanhelptheoldlady?A．Hetookhertohospital.B．Hehelpedhertofindherson’shome.C．Hecarriedherbagsandtookherhome.19．Whendidtheman’sgrandmotherdie?A．20yearsago B．25yearsago C．30yearsago20．Whatdiditturnouttobe?A．Theoldladywastheman’sfather’saunt.B．Theoldladywastheman’sfather’sneighbor.C．Theoldladylookedafterthemanashewastwo.【答案】18．C19．C20．B【原文】M:Mymomhasalwaystoldmysisterandmetohelpothers.Onedaylastweek,IwaswalkingbacktomyhomeandIpassedbyanoldladywhoseemedtobeintrouble.Iturnedbackandaskedifshewasokay.Sheexplainedthatshewassickandhadtostruggletowalkwithhershoppingbags.Iofferedtocarryherthingsandwalkedherbackhome.Butsherefusedbecauseshedidn’twanttogivemeanytrouble.Itoldheritdidn’tmatterandherhomewasonmywayhome.Itwasawhitelie.AsIwalkedwithher,shetalkedwithmeandintroducedherself.Iinturntoldhermyname.SheaskedifIknewRayRobert.Iwasshockedandsaidyes,thatwasmydad.Itturnedoutthatthisladywasmydad’sneighbor,whohadlookedaftermydadandhissisterswhentheirmotherdied30yearsago.Mydadhadoftenspokenofher.ButIhadnevermetherasshehadmovedawaywithherfamily.Itwasalovelymomentforbothofus.WhenIgothomeandtoldmydadabouttheincident,itmadehimcry.Iwassomoved.Iamgladthatmysmallactofkindnessendedinachancemeetingthatmeantsomuchtothetwopeople.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASpecialTreatsforTouristsWhoActSustainablyinCopenhagenTouristsinCopenhagenwillreceivefreecoffees,glassesofwineandboattripsiftheyjoininenvironmentallyfriendlytasksduringtheirholidayaccordingtoanewlocalplan.FromJuly15,touristswhopickuplitter,usepublictransportorbicyclearoundthecitywillbegivenspecialtreatsaspartofeffortstooffset(抵消)theirimpactontheenvironment.TheCopenPayplan,designedtorelievetheenvironmental“burden”oftouristsflyingtoCopenhagen,isdescribedasa“l(fā)ittlesteptowardsthegreentransition”.Theplanwillbetrust-based,asthebusinessestakingpartwon’taskforproofbeforehandingoverafreecoffeeoramealforthetourists’self-reportedefforts.“Whenyoutravelabroad-ifyouflytootherplacesoryoutravelbycar-youpollute,”saidRikkeHolmPetersen,headoftheCopenhagentourismboard.“Oneofthethingswecanchangeisgettingpeopletoactmoresustainablyatthedestination.”Morethan20restaurants,cafes,boattriporganisersandotherbusinesseshavesignedupfortheplanandvoluntarilyprovidespecialtreats.Thetourismboardexpectstouristsfromhomeandabroad,whomakeabout12millionovernightstaysperyearintheDanishcapital,totakepartintheactivity.GreentasksandtheirrewardsinCopenhagen◆OrganicmealifyoupicklitterinBaneGaarden◆Boatrentalifyouhelpfishrubbishoutofthewater◆SwimandcoffeeifyoubiketotheKanalhusetcanal◆IcecreamifyougototheNationalMuseumbybike◆Vegetarianlunchifyouvolunteerintheurbangarden◆Wine,beerorsoftdrinkatLevelSixrooftopbarifyouarrivebybikeorpublictransport21．WhatisthepurposeoftheCopenPayplan?A．Toprotecttheenvironment. B．Topromotebusiness.C．Tocontrolurbantraffic. D．Toattractmoretourists.22．Howcantouristsgetspecialtreats?A．Bysigningupforacompetition. B．Bytellingtheirfinishedgreentasks.C．Byshowingtheirflighttickets. D．Byprovidingawrittenreport.23．WhatrewardcanyougetifyoubiketotheNationalMuseum?A．Abunchofflowers. B．Acupofcoffee.C．Icecream. D．Thechancetovolunteer.【答案】21．A22．B23．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。在哥本哈根的游客如果在旅游期間參與環(huán)保活動(dòng)，那么他們將獲得免費(fèi)飲品、食物和劃船旅行等回報(bào)。21．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TouristsinCopenhagenwillreceivefreecoffees,glassesofwineandboattripsiftheyjoininenvironmentallyfriendlytasksduringtheirholidayaccordingtoanewlocalplan.(根據(jù)哥本哈根當(dāng)?shù)氐囊豁?xiàng)新計(jì)劃，如果游客在度假期間參加環(huán)?；顒?dòng)，他們將獲得免費(fèi)的咖啡、葡萄酒和乘船旅行。)”及第二段中“TheCopenPayplan,designedtorelievetheenvironmental“burden”oftouristsflyingtoCopenhagen,isdescribedasa“l(fā)ittlesteptowardsthegreentransition”.(哥本哈根計(jì)劃旨在減輕飛往哥本哈根的游客的環(huán)境“負(fù)擔(dān)”，被形容為“向綠色轉(zhuǎn)型邁出的一小步”。)”可知，哥本哈根的這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃旨在減少對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的不良影響，從而保護(hù)環(huán)境。故選A。22．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段最后一句“Theplanwillbetrust-based,asthebusinessestakingpartwon’taskforproofbeforehandingoverafreecoffeeoramealforthetourists’self-reportedefforts.(該計(jì)劃將基于信任，因?yàn)閰⑴c的企業(yè)在提供免費(fèi)咖啡或餐食之前，不會(huì)要求游客提供其自我報(bào)告的環(huán)保行動(dòng)的證據(jù)。)”可知，游客通過報(bào)告他們完成的綠色任務(wù)（環(huán)?；顒?dòng)）就可以獲得特殊待遇。故選B。23．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GreentasksandtheirrewardsinCopenhagen部分中“IcecreamifyougototheNationalMuseumbybike(如果你騎自行車去國家博物館，你會(huì)吃到冰淇淋)”可知，如果你騎自行車到哥本哈根的國家博物館，你可以免費(fèi)享用冰激凌。故選C。BAttheendofaperfectJulyafternoonin2016,Raymondawokefromanaccidentonlytofindthathe’ddamagedhisneckandcouldnolongerwalkorfullyusehishands.Butthat’sjustthebeginningofRaymond’sstory.Ayearlater,sadwiththelackofrehab(康復(fù))resourcesavailableforpeoplelikehimselfinNewOrleans,theformerbroadcastengineerdecidedthathishometownneededanadaptivegymtocaterforthosewithinjuriesanddisabilities(殘疾).Basedontheneed,Raymondfinancedtheestablishment(建立)ofSplitSecondFitnessin2021,withspeciallydesignedworkoutequipmentandtherapyprogramsthatallowclientstogrowstrongerwithouttheaim(意圖)ofmakingmoney.TheinspirationforSplitSecondFitnesscametoRaymondashespentthreemonthsatarehabcenterinSacramento,whichredefinedhisunderstandingofrecovery.“IknewIhadtogetbackhomeandfigureouthowtodothat,”saysRaymond,whospentthreeyearsraisingfunds(資金)andlearninghowtorunanorganization.Seatedbikeshelpmovedisabledusers’legs;yogainstructorshelpstrokesurvivorsincreaseflexibilityandrangeofmotion;mentalhealthexpertsfacilitatethehardtransitiontoanewwayofliving…“Anybody’slifecanchangeinasplitsecondlikeminedid,”explainsRaymond.“Whatourorganizationisreallycenteredaroundis‘Howdowegiveyouhope?’and‘Howcanwehelpyoutransformthathopeintoactionstepsforyoutocreateabettertomorrow?’”“Theaimistoincreasethequalityoflifeofthosewithadisability,”hesays.“BecauseifIcangiveyousomethingtolookforwardto,itwillhelpyougetoutofthepainfulprocessandhelpyougetbackontracktoahappyandhealthylife.”Raymond,whoinsistshe’sjustgettingstarted,saysthatheplanstoopensimilargymsacrossthenation.“Iwanttoberememberedassomeonewhomovedtheneedleondisabilityadvocacyissues.”24．WhatdoweknowaboutSplitSecondFitness?A．Itisopentoeveryone. B．Itismadeupofmanygyms.C．ItisfinancedbyTVprograms. D．Itisrunonanon-profit(盈利)basis.25．WhatinspiredRaymondtosetupSplitSecondFitness?A．Alivebroadcast. B．Arehabexperience.C．Arequestfromafitnesscenter. D．Asuggestionfromaformerworkmate.26．WhatcanwelearnaboutSplitSecondFitnessfromparagraph4?A．Itsgoalandmission(使命). B．Itsfacilities(設(shè)備)andstaff.C．Itsbackgroundandchange. D．Itschallengesanddifficulties.27．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．LifewithaDisability:aPainfulProcessB．Hopeinaction:aRoadtoSelf-discoveryC．Gyms:MakingYouHealthierandStrongerD．Instructors(教練):Helpingyoubecomeenergetic【答案】24．D25．B26．A27．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了Raymond在事故后創(chuàng)立適應(yīng)性健身房，幫助殘障人士康復(fù)并提升生活質(zhì)量的故事。24．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Basedontheneed,Raymondfinancedtheestablishment(建立)ofSplitSecondFitnessin2021,withspeciallydesignedworkoutequipmentandtherapyprogramsthatallowclientstogrowstrongerwithouttheaim(意圖)ofmakingmoney.(基于需求，Raymond于2021年出資成立了SplitSecondFitness，提供專門設(shè)計(jì)的健身設(shè)備和治療方案，在不以賺錢為目的的情況下讓客戶變得更強(qiáng)壯。)”可知，SplitSecondFitness的運(yùn)營不是為了盈利。故選D。25．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“TheinspirationforSplitSecondFitnesscametoRaymondashespentthreemonthsatarehabcenterinSacramento,whichredefinedhisunderstandingofrecovery.(Raymond在Sacramento的一家康復(fù)中心度過了三個(gè)月，這段經(jīng)歷重新定義了他對(duì)康復(fù)的理解。)”可知，Raymond建立SplitSecondFitness的靈感來源于他的康復(fù)經(jīng)歷。故選B。26．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中“Whatourorganizationisreallycenteredaroundis‘Howdowegiveyouhope?’and‘Howcanwehelpyoutransformthathopeintoactionstepsforyoutocreateabettertomorrow?’(我們公司真正的核心是“我們?nèi)绾谓o你希望？”以及“我們?cè)鯓硬拍軒椭銈儼严ＭD(zhuǎn)化為行動(dòng)，創(chuàng)造更美好的明天？”)”可推知，這一段主要講述SplitSecondFitness的目標(biāo)和使命。故選A。27．主旨大意題。根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，特別是根據(jù)第四段中“Whatourorganizationisreallycenteredaroundis‘Howdowegiveyouhope?’and‘Howcanwehelpyoutransformthathopeintoactionstepsforyoutocreateabettertomorrow?’(我們公司真正的核心是“我們?nèi)绾谓o你希望？”以及“我們?cè)鯓硬拍軒椭銈儼严ＭD(zhuǎn)化為行動(dòng)，創(chuàng)造更美好的明天？”)”可知，本文主要講述了Raymond在事故后創(chuàng)立適應(yīng)性健身房，幫助殘障人士康復(fù)并提升生活質(zhì)量的故事，所以它的最佳標(biāo)題是“Hopeinaction:aRoadtoSelf-discovery(行動(dòng)中的希望：自我發(fā)現(xiàn)之路)”。故選B。CFordecadesit’sbeenhopedthatseawatercouldbedesalinated(淡化)toresolvetheproblemofdrinkingwatershortage.Yetdesalinationplantsstillprovideonlyaroundonepercentoftheworld’sdrinkingwater.Theprogressgoesslowlyasdesalinationplantsareexpensivetobuildanduseenormousquantitiesofenergytorun.Energyaccountsforone-thirdtomorethanhalfthecostofproducingdesalinatedwater.InSaudiArabia,theworld’slargestproducerofdesalinatedwater,theprocessaccountsforuptoafifthofthenation’senergyconsumption.Butallthismaybechanging.A2020studyfoundthat,globally,theaveragecostofdesalinatedwatercouldmorethanhalveifsolarpowerandbatterystoragesystemswereused.Acrosstheworld,therearearound180facilitiescurrentlyunderconstruction,orintheirdesignphase,mostlyintheMiddleEastandNorthAfrica.Newsourcesofrenewableenergylikesolarpowermeanit’sgettingcheapertopowerenergy-hungrydesalinationequipmentinsunnyandwater-stressedareas.EgyptandMorocco,forexample,arebuildingrenewable-poweredplantsdesignedbothtoprovidedrinkingwaterandtowatercrops.InSouthAustralia,aself-coolinggreenhousedesignthatuseswindtodesalinateseawaterforcropsispartofacommercialprojectproducing15percentofAustralian-growntomatoes.Scientistsarealsomakingmajorbreakthroughs,suchasnewself-cleaningmembrane(膜狀物)technology,whichimprovethedesalinationprocess.Onestart-up,CorePower,isdevelopingnuclear-poweredoffshoreplants.Another,Oneka,isemployingwavepowerfordesalinationunits.Thiswaveofgrowthandinnovationissettocontinue.Aglobaldesalinationequipmentmarketvaluedat17billiondollarsin2023isexpectedtogrowto32billiondollarsby2030.Butseriouschallengesremain.Mostfacilitiesstillusenon-renewablefuelstopowertheplants,andthepouringofprocessedseawaterintotheseaposesathreattosealife.Theseproblemswillhavetobeaddressedasathirstyworldlookstothedesalinationindustrytoprovideitsfreshwater.28．Whatresultsintheslowprogressofdesalination?A．Highproductioncosts. B．Environmentalconcerns.C．Littledemandforfreshwater. D．Lackofofficialsupport.29．Whatdothefactsinparagraphs3and4implyconcerningthedesalinationindustry?A．Itpromisesabrightprospect. B．It’llendwatershortagesoon.C．It’smerelyatemporarysuccess. D．Itfaceshugeinvestmentrisks.30．Inwhichofthefollowingpublicationswouldthistextbeprinted?A．MotorTrend. B．Runner’sWorld.C．PsychologyToday. D．TheEconomist.31．Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?A．Whywedependonfreshwatertolive.B．Howtolessennegativeeffectsofdesalination.C．Whattodotostorefreshwateragainstdroughts.D．Howdesalinationtechnologiesboostwatersupply.【答案】28．A29．A30．D31．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了通過利用可再生能源和新技術(shù)，海水淡化成本正在降低，市場增長迅速，但仍面臨能源和環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)。28．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Theprogressgoesslowlyasdesalinationplantsareexpensivetobuildanduseenormousquantitiesofenergytorun.Energyaccountsforone-thirdtomorethanhalfthecostofproducingdesalinatedwater.(由于海水淡化廠的建設(shè)成本高昂，運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)需要消耗大量能源，所以進(jìn)展緩慢。能源成本占生產(chǎn)淡化水成本的三分之一到一半以上)”可知，生產(chǎn)成本高導(dǎo)致海水淡化進(jìn)展緩慢。故選A項(xiàng)。29．推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“EgyptandMorocco,forexample,arebuildingrenewable-poweredplantsdesignedbothtoprovidedrinkingwaterandtowatercrops.InSouthAustralia,aself-coolinggreenhousedesignthatuseswindtodesalinateseawaterforcropsispartofacommercialprojectproducing15percentofAustralian-growntomatoes.Scientistsarealsomakingmajorbreakthroughs,suchasnewself-cleaningmembrane(膜狀物)technology,whichimprovethedesalinationprocess.(例如，埃及和摩洛哥正在建設(shè)可再生能源發(fā)電廠，旨在提供飲用水和灌溉作物。在南澳大利亞，一個(gè)利用風(fēng)力淡化海水的自冷溫室設(shè)計(jì)是一個(gè)商業(yè)項(xiàng)目的一部分，該項(xiàng)目生產(chǎn)了澳大利亞15%的西紅柿?？茖W(xué)家們也取得了重大突破，比如改進(jìn)海水淡化過程的新型自清潔膜技術(shù))”可知，本段通過具體的埃及、摩洛哥和南澳大利亞的項(xiàng)目，以及自清潔膜技術(shù)的突破，展示了海水淡化領(lǐng)域的不斷發(fā)展。根據(jù)第四段“Onestart-up,CorePower,isdevelopingnuclear-poweredoffshoreplants.Another,Oneka,isemployingwavepowerfordesalinationunits.Thiswaveofgrowthandinnovationissettocontinue.Aglobaldesalinationequipmentmarketvaluedat17billiondollarsin2023isexpectedtogrowto32billiondollarsby2030.(一家名為CorePower的初創(chuàng)企業(yè)正在開發(fā)海上核電站。另一家名為Oneka的公司正在利用波浪能進(jìn)行海水淡化。這波增長和創(chuàng)新浪潮將持續(xù)下去。2023年全球海水淡化設(shè)備市場規(guī)模為170億美元，預(yù)計(jì)到2030年將增長到320億美元)”可知，本段介紹核能和波浪能兩種新興技術(shù)，以及良好的市場預(yù)測，強(qiáng)調(diào)了海水淡化領(lǐng)域的創(chuàng)新趨勢和市場增長。由此可知，海水淡化行業(yè)前景光明。故選A項(xiàng)。30．推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是全文第一句“Fordecadesit’sbeenhopedthatseawatercouldbedesalinated(淡化)toresolvetheproblemofdrinkingwatershortage.(幾十年來，人們一直希望通過淡化海水來解決飲用水短缺的問題)”可知，文章圍繞海水淡化展開，介紹了其現(xiàn)狀，并指出通過利用可再生能源和新技術(shù)，海水淡化成本正在降低，市場增長迅速，但仍面臨能源和環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)。因此，文章與自然資源、工業(yè)技術(shù)及經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相關(guān)，可能被刊登在《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》這種涉及商業(yè)、金融和科技等的刊物上。故選D項(xiàng)。31．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Butseriouschallengesremain.Mostfacilitiesstillusenon-renewablefuelstopowertheplants,andthepouringofprocessedseawaterintotheseaposesathreattosealife.Theseproblemswillhavetobeaddressedasathirstyworldlookstothedesalinationindustrytoprovideitsfreshwater.(但嚴(yán)峻的挑戰(zhàn)依然存在。大多數(shù)設(shè)施仍然使用不可再生燃料為工廠提供動(dòng)力，并且將處理過的海水倒入大海對(duì)海洋生物構(gòu)成威脅。這些問題必須得到解決，因?yàn)槿彼氖澜缯竿ＫI(yè)提供淡水)”可知，此處指出海水淡化領(lǐng)域仍然面臨嚴(yán)峻的能源和環(huán)境挑戰(zhàn)。由此推知，接下來作者應(yīng)該會(huì)探討如何減少海水淡化的負(fù)面影響。故選B項(xiàng)。DWhyaresomeofusgoodatmath,orwriting,whileothersexcelatartorbasketball?Whatcausesthedifferences?Aretheylargelydeterminedbythegenes(nature)weinherit(遺傳)fromourparents?Howmuchdoesthesocialenvironment(nurture)havetodowithit?Ifyouwereascientistinterestedinthesequestions,wouldn’tyoulovetostudyidenticaltwins?Overthelast10years,ateamofscientistsledbypsychologistThomasJ.BouchardJr.hasstudiedabout65pairsofidenticaltwinswhowereraisedapart.ThescientistsbringeachpairoftwinstotheUniversityofMinnesotaforaweekofintensivetesting.Theyrecordthetwins’height,weight,eyecolor,earshape,andheadlength.Meanwhile,theygivethetwinsIQandpersonalitytests.Bouchard’steamhasbeenstartledbythesimilaritiesbetweentwinsraisedapart.Thetwinsoftenhavesurprisinglysimilargesturesandpostures,forinstance.Andtheyhaveledremarkablysimilarlives.Adultidenticaltwinsalsotendtohavesimilarmedicalhistories,developingtheeyediseaseglaucomaatthesametime,forexample.“Thecoincidencesarenotsurprising,”somecriticsoftheMinnesotastudysay.Theyarguethateveryone’slifehassomanydetailsthatanumberofcoincidencesareboundtoexist.What’smore,foreverycoincidencediscoveredbyapairofidenticaltwinsraisedapart,thecriticscouldpointtoavastnumberofundiscovereddifferences.AccordingtoBouchard,theyfindthatgenesplayabigpartinshapingourpersonalities-helpingtodeterminewhetherwerespecttraditionandliketofollowrulesornot.Theteamhasreportedthatintelligencealsoseemstobeinfluencedmuchmorebygenesthanbyenvironment.Despitebeingraisedbydifferentfamilies,separatedidenticaltwinsearnedidenticalornearlyidenticalscoresonadultintelligencetests.Otherscientists,however,disagree.“Howcanyoustudywhetherintelligenceisinheritedwhentherearesomanydifferentwaysjusttodefineintelligence?”Theproblemappliestoothertraits(特征),theysay.Bouchardhimselfmakesthepointthateventhemostcloselymatchedtwinsaredifferentfromeachother.Soeventhoughgenesmayhaveastronginfluenceoverourlives,they’renottheonlyinfluence.Ourday-to-dayexperienceshelptoshapeustoo.32．Whyarescientistssointerestedinstudyingidenticaltwinsraisedapartindifferentenvironments?A．Becauseitcanbestudiedwithaweekofintensivetesting.B．Becausethisgroupoftwinshavethemoststrikingsimilarities.C．Becauseitisagoodwaytomeasuretheeffectsofnatureandnurture.D．Becausetherehasalreadybeenalotofresearchonidenticaltwinsraisedtogether.33．WhatdocriticsoftheMinnesotastudysayaboutthesimilaritiesbetweentwinsraisedapart?A．Theyaremerelycoincidences.B．Theyareoverstatedtosomeextent.C．Theyarenothingcomparedwiththedifferences.D．Theyaretoocommontodeserveanyseriousconsideration.34．WhichofthefollowingstatementswouldBouchardagreeto?A．Similaritiesgohandinhandwithdifferences.B．Naturehasanotableinfluenceoverourlives.C．Intelligenceissomethinginheritedratherthanacquired.D．Environmentplaysabiggerpartinpersonaldevelopment.35．Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A．InheritedGenesFavorTwins B．EnvironmentTellsApartTwinsC．ScienceLooksTwiceatTwins D．PhysicalTraitsCometoTwins【答案】32．C33．A34．B35．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。通過對(duì)不同環(huán)境下長大的同卵雙胞胎的異同研究，得出研究結(jié)論：個(gè)體差異既受到從父母那里遺傳的基因的影響，也受到環(huán)境的影響。32．推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Whyaresomeofusgoodatmath,orwriting,whileothersexcelatartorbasketball?Whatcausesthedifferences?Aretheylargelydeterminedbythegenes(nature)weinherit(遺傳)fromourparents?Howmuchdoesthesocialenvironment(nurture)havetodowithit?Ifyouwereascientistinterestedinthesequestions,wouldn’tyoulovetostudyidenticaltwins?(為什么有些人擅長數(shù)學(xué)或?qū)懽?，而有些人擅長藝術(shù)或籃球？是什么導(dǎo)致了這些差異？它們?cè)诤艽蟪潭壬鲜怯晌覀儚母改改抢锢^承的基因(天性)決定的嗎？社會(huì)環(huán)境(教養(yǎng))對(duì)其有多大影響？如果你是對(duì)這些問題感興趣的科學(xué)家，你難道不想研究同卵雙胞胎嗎？)”和常識(shí)可知同卵雙胞胎在相同的環(huán)境中成長，很難看出環(huán)境和基因到底哪個(gè)影響大，但雙胞胎在不同的環(huán)境中成長，就可以較準(zhǔn)確的比較哪個(gè)作用比較大。故選C。33．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段““Thecoincidencesarenotsurprising,”somecriticsoftheMinnesotastudysay.Theyarguethateveryone’slifehassomanydetailsthatanumberofcoincidencesareboundtoexist.What’smore,foreverycoincidencediscoveredbyapairofidenticaltwinsraisedapart,thecriticscouldpointtoavastnumberofundiscovereddifferences.(“這些巧合并不令人驚訝，”明尼蘇達(dá)研究的一些批評(píng)者說。他們認(rèn)為，每個(gè)人的生活都有很多細(xì)節(jié)，因此必然存在一些巧合。更重要的是，對(duì)于一對(duì)分開撫養(yǎng)的同卵雙胞胎所發(fā)現(xiàn)的每一個(gè)巧合，批評(píng)者都可以指出大量未被發(fā)現(xiàn)的差異)”可知，一些批評(píng)者認(rèn)為這只是巧合。故選A。34．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Bouchardhimselfmakesthepointthateventhemostcloselymatchedtwinsaredifferentfromeachother.Soeventhoughgenesmayhaveastronginfluenceoverourlives,they’renottheonlyinfluence.Ourday-to-dayexperienceshelptoshapeustoo.(布沙爾自己也指出，即使是最匹配的雙胞胎也會(huì)彼此不同。因此，盡管基因可能對(duì)我們的生活有很大的影響，但它們并不是唯一的影響。我們的日常經(jīng)歷也有助于塑造我們)”可推斷布沙爾會(huì)同意自然對(duì)我們的生活有顯著的影響。故選B。35．主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Whyaresomeofusgoodatmath,orwriting,whileothersexcelatartorbasketball?Whatcausesthedifferences?Aretheylargelydeterminedbythegenes(nature)weinherit(遺傳)fromourparents?Howmuchdoesthesocialenvironment(nurture)havetodowithit?(為什么有些人擅長數(shù)學(xué)或?qū)懽?，而有些人擅長藝術(shù)或籃球？是什么導(dǎo)致了這些差異？它們?cè)诤艽蟪潭壬鲜怯晌覀儚母改改抢锢^承的基因(天性)決定的嗎？社會(huì)環(huán)境(教養(yǎng))對(duì)其有多大影響？)”及最后一段“Soeventhoughgenesmayhaveastronginfluenceoverourlives,they’renottheonlyinfluence.Ourday-to-dayexperienceshelptoshapeustoo.(因此，盡管基因可能對(duì)我們的生活有很大的影響，但它們并不是唯一的影響。我們的日常經(jīng)歷也有助于塑造我們)”可知文章通過對(duì)不同環(huán)境下長大的同卵雙胞胎的異同研究，得出研究結(jié)論：個(gè)體差異既受到從父母那里遺傳的基因的影響，也受到環(huán)境的影響。所以C選項(xiàng)“科學(xué)對(duì)雙胞胎的觀察是雙重的”符合文章主旨，適合做標(biāo)題，故選C。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Swimmingisanexcellentformofexerciseforbeginnersbecauseitisgentleonthebody.Itdoesnotshakeyourbonesordamageyourjoints,butswimmingisstilleffectiveforweightloss.Swimmingimprovesyourcardiovascular(心血管的)fitnessandflexibility.36.Ifyoudonotknowhowtoswim,adultlessonsareoftenavailableatgyms.37.Youcanlearnhowtomoreeffectivelyworkoutinthepoolwithjustafewlessons.Swimmingstylesincludefreestyle,backstroke,breaststrokeandbutterfly.38.Itisimportantthatyousticktothepostedguidelines,whicharemeanttokeeptheswimmingpoolsrunningproperly.Therearedifferentrulesfordifferentpools.Butthemajorityrequestthatyoushowerbeforeyouenterthepool.39.Youwillfindthattherearealsopostedrulesaboutusingthelanes(泳道)ofthepool.Thissimplymeansthatthepoolisdividedupsomultiplepeoplecanuseitatthesametime.Attimes,youmaysharealanewithoneormoreotherswimmers.40.Youneedtostayintheappropriatelane.Findalaneinthe