中職英語升學(xué)考試教程 課件 第14、15章 賓語從句；狀語從句

賓語從句第十四章PART01知識點(diǎn)撥目錄CONTENTSPART02例題分析PART03知能精煉01020301知識點(diǎn)撥語法概念賓語從句三要素：1.引導(dǎo)詞2.語序3.時態(tài)We

know

him．

We

know

helikesEnglish.主s主s謂v謂v賓o賓o主s謂v賓o簡單句復(fù)合句當(dāng)句子中的賓語是由句子充當(dāng)?shù)?，就叫這個句子叫賓語從句句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主句+引導(dǎo)詞（連詞）+賓語從句高頻考點(diǎn)一、賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞賓語從句的種類有三種：陳述句、一般疑問句、特殊疑問句賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞的選擇和從句的種類有關(guān)。賓語從句的引導(dǎo)詞有：

that,wether\if,wh-特殊疑問詞例：Ihear(that)Englishisn'teasy.(that無詞義，也不作成分，只起引導(dǎo)作用，可省略。)Iwonderwhether/ifheisfitforthejob.(whether/if當(dāng)“是否”，“是不是”講)Doyouknowwhohastakenmydictionaryaway?Heaskedmewhereweshouldgonextweek.高頻考點(diǎn)二、語序賓語從句的語序用陳述語序：主句+引導(dǎo)詞+主語+謂語+其他

1.陳述句——基本不變Hesaid,“LucyisyoungerthanTom”.Hesaid(that)LucywasyoungerthanTom.Hesays(that)Tomisagoodstudent.Hesays,“Tomisagoodstudent.”高頻考點(diǎn)2.問句——還原為陳述語序be動詞、情態(tài)動詞及助動詞(包have/has)放到從句主語之后;助動詞do/does/did應(yīng)刪去,謂語動詞根據(jù)實(shí)際情況而變。（1）WhoisJimwaitingfor?Iknow

（2）CanLilycarrythebasket?Iknow

（3）WheredidAnnagoyesterday?IknowJimiswaitingfor.Lilycancarrythebasket.Annawentthedaybefore.whowhether/ifwhere高頻考點(diǎn)三、賓語從句的時態(tài)Ihear(that)Jim

(be)

aworkertwoyearsago.Jim

(be)anEnglishteachernow.

Jim(cook)dinnertomorrow.Jim(sing)apopularsongnow.Jim(be)totheGreatWalltwice.Jim(play)basketballwhenhisfathercameback.Jim

(learn)1000Chinesewordsbytheendoflastsemester.

wasiswillcookissinginghasbeenwasplayinghadlearned當(dāng)主句是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句的時態(tài)不作限制，我們可以根據(jù)句子的需要使用任何一種時態(tài)。（需要性原則）高頻考點(diǎn)三、賓語從句的時態(tài)1)HewillgotoHongKong.2)Heissick.3)Heisreadingabook.4)Hehasfinishedhiswork.1)HetoHongKong.2)Hesick.3)He

abook.4)Hehishomework.Hesaidwouldgo

waswasreading

hadfinished當(dāng)主句是一般過去時的時候，賓語從句必須運(yùn)用相應(yīng)的過去的某一種時態(tài)，從而達(dá)到主句和從句的相互一致。（呼應(yīng)性原則）高頻考點(diǎn)確定從句的時態(tài)(根據(jù)主句時態(tài))主句時態(tài)從句時態(tài)連接前連接后一般現(xiàn)在時時態(tài)保持不變一般過去時一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時一般過去時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時過去進(jìn)行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時02例題分析【例1】1.Idon’tknow_______youlikethismovie.A.whyB.whatC.whichD.who(2020考題單項選擇)A根據(jù)從句中的句子成分分析，從句中缺原因狀語，因此賓語從句的連詞選why。解析：例題解析【例2】Myfathertoldmethatlight_____fasterthansound.A.travelledB.travelsC.hadtravelledD.travellingB賓語從句表示的是客觀規(guī)律，用一般現(xiàn)在時，選B解析：例題解析【例3】Andboysthought_____she_____neverbeagoodboxer.that,canB.that,couldC.what,couldD.what,canBthat引導(dǎo)賓語從句只起連接作用，可省略。此賓語從句完整，第一空選that。若what引導(dǎo)賓語從句,要做主語或賓語。又因主句的謂語是過去時，從句也要用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。故選B。解析：例題解析【例4】Theyasked_____shewouldgivethemsomeadvice_____theirwork.A.that,inB.if,onC.what,atD.whether,forB當(dāng)是否講時whether/if都可引導(dǎo)賓語從句，有關(guān)工作的建議用介詞on。選B解析：例題解析【例5】Themanaskedifhecouldhelpme.(同義轉(zhuǎn)換)

Themanasked_____hecoulddo_____me.賓語從句互換，意思不變。分別填what和for解析：例題解析03知能精練Iwonderifhe_____.Ifhe_____,I'llcallyouatonce.A.comes,comesB.cancome,comesC.willcome,willcomeD.hascome,hascome2.Wouldyoupleasetellme_____?A.whereisthenearesthospitalB.howfarthenearesthospitalisC.howcanwegettothenearesthospitalD.whenwasthenearesthospitalbuilt3.Doyouknow_____?A.howoldheisB.howoldisheC.heishowoldD.howheisold知能精煉4.Canyoutellmewhy_____yesterday?A.henocomeB.didn’thecomeC.hedidn’tcomeD.didhenotcomeBBAC5.Theteachertoldusthesun_____muchbiggerthantheearth.A.isB.wasC.hadbeenD.were6.Ididn'tknow_____itwaswrong,soIwenttotheteacherforhelp.A.thatB.ifC.whatD.which7.Idon'tunderstand_____yousaid.A.thatB.whyC.whatD.how知能精煉8.Healwaysthinksof_____hecanworkbetterforthepeople.A.thatB.whatC.howD.whyAACC9.Idon'tknow_____.A.whenthefilmwouldbeginB.whenbeginthefilmC.whenthefilmwillbeginD.whenwillthefilmbegin10.Thenthemanunderstood_____theforeignguestmeant.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.if知能精煉BC非常感謝您的觀看狀語從句第十五章PART01知識點(diǎn)撥目錄CONTENTSPART02例題分析PART03知能精煉01020301知識點(diǎn)撥語法概念狀語從句在復(fù)合句中作狀語，修飾主句發(fā)生的時間、地點(diǎn)、條件、原因等。狀語從句由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，可放句首或句尾。放在主句之前時，常用逗號分開；放在主句之后時，一般不用逗號分開。高頻考點(diǎn)一、表示時間的狀語從句可以由when,whenever,as,while,before,after,until,till,since,eversince,assoonas,aslongas,sofaras等詞引導(dǎo)。例：ThetrainhadleftwhenIgottothestation.Janelikesmathswhilehisbrotherlikesphysics.Ididn’tgotobeduntilIfinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.Hisfatherhasbeenaworkersinceheleftschool20yearsago.She’llcometovisitmeassoonasshegetstoChongqing.*注意when,as,while的區(qū)別，這三個詞都可以表示當(dāng)...時候，但它們之間有一定的區(qū)別。when用得最多，最普遍；as有同時進(jìn)行的意思；while表示一邊…，一邊…，另外還有對比的含義。例：IwanttobecomeateacherwhenIgrowup.Thecrocodilewaswaitinginthewaterasthemonkeyclimbedupthetree.高頻考點(diǎn)二、表示地點(diǎn)的狀語從句用where,wherever引導(dǎo)例：Whereveryougo,I’llgotoo.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者事竟成。Thereislifewherethereiswater.有水的地方就有生命。Youcansitwhereveryoulike.你想坐哪兒就坐哪兒。高頻考點(diǎn)三、

原因狀語從句(1)原因狀語從句由從屬連詞because、since、as引導(dǎo)。如：Becauseitwasraining,westayedathome.因為下雨，我們只好待在家里。(2)because、since、as的用法區(qū)別見下表。高頻考點(diǎn)四、表示目的的狀語從句用sothat,inorderthat引導(dǎo)例：Hegotupearlysothathecouldcatchthefirstbus.Sheleftearlyinorderthatshemightbeintimetoattendthemeeting.句子結(jié)構(gòu)：主語＋謂語＋其他＋sothat＋從句＝主語＋謂語＋其他＋inorderthat＋從句＝主語＋謂語＋其他＋(soas)todosth.＝主語＋謂語＋其他＋inordertodosth.。如：Hegetsupearlyso

that

he

cancatchupwiththefirstbus.＝Hegetsupearly(so

as)

tocatchupwiththefirstbus.＝Hegetsupearlyin

order

tocatchupwiththefirstbus.他起得早是為了能趕上第一班車。高頻考點(diǎn)五、表示條件的狀語從句(1)條件狀語從句由從屬連詞if(如果)和unless(除非，如果不)引導(dǎo)。如：Whatshallwedoifitrainstomorrow?如果明天下雨，我們將做什么？Youwon'tpasstheexamunlessyouworkhard.＝Y(jié)ouwon'tpasstheexamifyoudon'tworkhard.除非你努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你不能通過考試。(2)在條件狀語從句中，主句用一般將來時，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。如：Iwill

helpyouwithyourEnglishifIamfreetomorrow.如果明天有空，我將幫助你學(xué)英語。高頻考點(diǎn)五、表示條件的狀語從句(3)條件狀語從句可以和“祈使句＋and/or＋陳述句”互換。如：Standonahighmountain,andyouwillseefartherscenery.＝Ifyoustandonahighmountain,youwillseefartherscenery.站在一座高山上，你將會看到更遠(yuǎn)的風(fēng)景。Studyhard,oryou'llfailinthetest.＝Ifyoudon'tstudyhard,you'llfailinthetest.你要努力學(xué)習(xí)，否則你會考試不及格。高頻考點(diǎn)六、表示結(jié)果的狀語從句常用so…that或such…that來引導(dǎo)例：Heworkedsohardthathemadehimselfill.如果名詞前有many、much、little、few等詞修飾時，只能用so，不用such。如：TherearesomanypeopleinthemarketthatIcan'tgoin.超市里有如此多的人以至于我進(jìn)不去。高頻考點(diǎn)七、表示讓步和方式的狀語從句用though,although,asif,eventhough引導(dǎo)。例：Though/Althoughheis60yearsold,hefeelsquiteyoung.八、表示比較的狀語從句用as...as,notso...as,than等引導(dǎo)。例：TomisascleverasJohn(is).IgetupearlierthanPeter(does).注意nosooner…than,hardly…when(一……就……)的用法。如果將nosooner…than或hardly…when放在句首，該句要用倒裝句的形式，但是也可將他們放在句中。例：Hehadnosoonerdrunkthecoffeethanhebegantofeeldrowsy.OrNosoonerhadhedrunkthecoffeethanhebegantofeeldrowsy.(他一喝完咖啡，就開始感到昏昏欲睡。)Theperformancehadhardlybegunwhenthelightswentout.OrHardlyhadtheperformancebegunwhenthelightswentout.(演出一開始燈就滅了。)02例題分析【例1】1.Shestoppedtalking____herteachercameintotheclassroom.A.butB.orC.thoughD.when(2023考題單項選擇)D本題考查時間狀語從句。本句譯為當(dāng)老師進(jìn)入教室的時候，她停止講話。因此選D。解析：例題解析【例2】Washyourhands______yougethome.ItcanprotectyoufromCOVID-19.A.whenB.unlessC.thoughD.why(21年考題單項選擇)A本題考查時間狀語從句。本句譯為當(dāng)你回家的時候要洗手。這能保護(hù)你不得新冠。因此選A。解析：例題解析【例3】Tomateallthecakes_______hewasveryhungry.A.untilB.ifC.orD.because(20年考題單項選擇)D由句意理解可知，從句部分是主句動作的原因，因此引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)該用because。故選D。解析：例題解析【例4】Wewillgofishing_______theweatherisfinetomorrow.A.ifB.butC.sothatD.until(19年考題單項選擇)A由句意理解可知，橫線線后面的句子是實(shí)現(xiàn)主句動作的條件。因此引導(dǎo)詞選引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句的if。選A解析：例題解析【例5】I’llletyouknow______hecomesback.A.sothatB.becauseC.whenD.although(18年考題單項選擇)根據(jù)句意可知，本題考查時間狀語。因此引導(dǎo)詞用when。解析：例題解析03知能精練1.Youcannotopenthedoor_______youfindthekey.A.whenB.whereC.unlessD.after2.Icandoitwell______yougivemeenoughtime.A.whyB.ifC.unlessD.although