2024-2025學(xué)年江蘇省鹽城市亭湖區(qū)某中學(xué)高三下學(xué)期3月月考英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試題PAGEPAGE1江蘇省鹽城市亭湖區(qū)某中學(xué)2024-2025學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期3月月考英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AAreyouinterestedinhowmarine(海洋的)ecosystemswork?Doyouwanttoknowmoreaboutmarineanimals?BowlingGreenStateUniversity(BGSU)hasoneofthefewcampsintheMidwestwherehighschoolstudentscanexplorelifeatsea!CampDates:June8-13、2025Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?·FieldtripstolocationsaroundNorthwestOhiotoexaminemarinelifeandenvironments·Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen(標(biāo)本)collectionprocedures·Designandrunanexperimentinourresearchlab·Behind-the-scenetriptotheToledoZootolearnaboutmarineanimals·MeetprofessionalstolearnwhatitmeanstobeamarinescientistWhatdoesthecostcover?TheBGSUMarineBiologycampwillofferbothresidentialandnon-residentialoptions.Thecostofthenon-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.ApplicationRequirements·Letterofrecommendation·Completetheonlineform·Completeresponsestoshort-answerquestionsNote:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.ApplicationDeadlines·March2,2025—Tobeconsideredforearlyadmission.ApplicantswillbeinformedbyMarch14.·April25.2025—GeneralApplicationDeadline.Note:Allspacesmayfillafterselectionfromtheearlyadmissiondeadline.1.Whatdoesthecampoffer?A.Samplegatheringpractice.B.Fieldtripstonaturemuseums.C.Researchlabmembership.D.Lecturesonmarineknowledge.2.Whatistheearlyadmissioncostfortheresidentialoption?A.$400. B.$765.C.$1,125. D.$1,250.3.Whichofthefollowingwillresultinanapplicant’sdisqualification?A.Forgettingtoconfirmadmission.B.Providingresponsesgivenbyothers.C.Missingtheearlyapplicationdeadline.D.Failingtorecommendotherapplicants.【答案】1.A2.C3.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇應(yīng)用文，文章主要介紹了鮑林格林州立大學(xué)的夏令營，高中生可以在那里探索海上生活?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whatkindsofactivitiesdocampersgettodo?(營員們可以參加哪些活動？)”部分中“Hands-onactivitiestopracticespecimen(標(biāo)本)collectionprocedures(實踐標(biāo)本收集程序)”可知，該夏令營提供標(biāo)本收集練習(xí)，故選A。【2題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“Whatdoesthecostcover?(費(fèi)用包括什么？)”部分中“Thecostofthenon-residentialprogramis$850,withanadditional$400feefortheresidentialoption.Thetotalprogramcostcoversroomandboard,allmaterialsforlabsandactivitiesaswellastransportationforfieldtrips.A10%discountisavailableforearlyadmission.(非住宿項目的費(fèi)用為850美元，住宿項目的額外費(fèi)用為400美元。項目總費(fèi)用包括食宿費(fèi)、實驗室和活動的所有材料以及實地考察的交通費(fèi)。提前加入可享受九折優(yōu)惠)”可知，住宿項目總費(fèi)用為850+400=1250美元，提前加入可以享受九折優(yōu)惠，即1250×90%=1125美元，故選C。【3題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“ApplicationRequirements(申請要求)”部分中“Note:Answerstoquestionsprovidedbyanyoneotherthanthatapplicantwilldisqualifytheapplication.(注：由申請人以外的人提供的問題的答案將取消申請資格)”可知，提供別人給出的答案會導(dǎo)致申請人被取消資格，故選B。BIoftenwakeuptomyalarmafterashortnightandstepoutofbedtoadayI’vefoughtthroughcountlesstimes.Irushmymorningroutineandruntomycar.Myradioswitchestomyfavoritesong,butIhavetolistentoanaudible(可聽的)bookforanassignmentduetomorrow.WhenIgettoschool,IstartwithSpanish,myhardestclass.Despitebeingaroundallyear,Ihavenocluewhat’sgoingon.IthenwalktomyEnglishclass,inwhichIwasstuckinthelanguagerules.Theassignmentstakemuchenergythatmyperfectionistnatureisunabletotakeoninschool,soIsavethemforlater,mostprobablylateatnight.Thisismyrealityasastudentwithdyslexia,alearningdisorderinreadingandspelling:assignmentsthattakethreetimesaslongasthey’remeantto,latenightsandearlymorningstoevenslightlykeepupwithmyclasses.IwastoldthatAdvancedPlacementU.S.Historywouldbemyhardestclass.Buthere,Iaminmyelement.Despitebeingthreeassignmentsbehind,I’mactivelyengaged.Yes,mypassionforhistoryheightensmyfocus,butmyteacher’swillingnesstoworkwithmeiswhatallowsmetoflyhigh.Teachersneedtoofferalternativestructuresthatmakelearningmoreaccessible.I’vehadteacherswhoteachlecture-basedclasseswherestudentsareexpectedtotakenotesandlisten.Asastudentwithdyslexia,thisdoesn’twork.Afixforthatisassimpleasprovidingalternativeresources:aslideshowstudentscangobacktoafterclass,orperhapsevenanactivitythatfurtherplayswiththeconcepts.Now,manyschoolsareshiftingtoapproachesthatmeettheneedsofallkids.However,advocacyworkcanstillbedonetosupportstudentswithdyslexia.Ifschoolsystemsarewillingtoprovidesupportandeducationbycreatinganaccessibleclassstructurefromthestart,studentswon’tbestuckintoacademictracksthatdon’tpushthemtotheirfullpotential.4.Whydoestheauthorhavetodohishomeworklateatnight?A.Heisassignedextrahomework. B.Hefailstomanagehissparetime.C.Heneedstimetodoitwellenough. D.Hedislikestasksrelatedtolanguages.5.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“inmyelement”inparagraph4mean?A.Burningthemidnightoil. B.BitingoffmorethanIcanchew.C.Feelinglikeafishinwater. D.Havingbutterfliesinmystomach.6.Whatdoestheauthorthinkoflecture-basedclasses?A.Satisfying. B.Inspiring. C.Rewarding. D.Demanding.7.Whatdoestheauthoradviseschoolstodoforstudents?A.Offerclasseswithalternatives. B.Askeducationalexpertstogivelectures.C.Advocateout-of-classactivities. D.Getteacherstrainedinspecialeducation.【答案】4.C5.C6.D7.A【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者作為一名有閱讀障礙的學(xué)生的日常生活和學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷，來展現(xiàn)自己所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和困難，并表達(dá)了對教育方式和教師支持的需求和看法?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Theassignmentstakemuchenergythatmyperfectionistnatureisunabletotakeoninschool,soIsavethemforlater,mostprobablylateatnight.(作業(yè)耗費(fèi)了我太多精力，而我追求完美的性格又讓我無法在學(xué)校完成它們，所以我總是把它們留到以后，很可能就是深夜。)”可知，作者不得不深夜做家庭作業(yè)是因為作者追求完美，所以需要更多的時間來完成作業(yè)。故選C?！?題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞句上文“IwastoldthatAdvancedPlacementU.S.Historywouldbemyhardestclass.(我曾被告知，美國歷史高級課程將是我最難的一門課。)”可知，美國歷史高級課程是一門最難的課。而劃線單詞下文“Despitebeingthreeassignmentsbehind,I’mactivelyengaged.(盡管我已經(jīng)落后了三項作業(yè)，但我仍然積極參與其中。)”則表明作者喜歡這門課程。由此可知，作者對這門課程感到自在和舒適，愿意參與其中。選項C“Feelinglikeafishinwater”的意思是“如魚得水，感到自在和舒適”，這個短語強(qiáng)調(diào)的是在某個環(huán)境或領(lǐng)域中感到自在和舒適，能夠充分發(fā)揮自己的能力。符合句意。故選C。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“I’vehadteacherswhoteachlecture-basedclasseswherestudentsareexpectedtotakenotesandlisten.Asastudentwithdyslexia,thisdoesn’twork.(我曾遇到過一些以講座為基礎(chǔ)的老師，他們期望學(xué)生記筆記并聽講。但作為一名閱讀障礙學(xué)生，這種方式行不通。)”可知，作者作為閱讀障礙的學(xué)生，覺得基于講座的課程對他來說并不適用，因為它可能要求很高的聽力和筆記能力，這是作者難以應(yīng)對的。因此，可以推斷出作者認(rèn)為基于講座的課程是要求高的。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Teachersneedtoofferalternativestructuresthatmakelearningmoreaccessible.(教師需要提供替代性的學(xué)習(xí)結(jié)構(gòu)，使學(xué)習(xí)更加容易。)”以及最后一段“Now,manyschoolsareshiftingtoapproachesthatmeettheneedsofallkids.However,advocacyworkcanstillbedonetosupportstudentswithdyslexia.Ifschoolsystemsarewillingtoprovidesupportandeducationbycreatinganaccessibleclassstructurefromthestart,studentswon’tbestuckintoacademictracksthatdon’tpushthemtotheirfullpotential.(現(xiàn)在，許多學(xué)校正在轉(zhuǎn)向滿足所有孩子需求的教學(xué)方法。然而，仍然可以開展宣傳工作來支持閱讀障礙學(xué)生。如果學(xué)校系統(tǒng)愿意從一開始就創(chuàng)造一個容易接受的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境并提供教育支持，那么學(xué)生就不會被困在那些無法充分發(fā)揮他們潛力的學(xué)術(shù)軌道上。)”可知，作者認(rèn)為學(xué)校應(yīng)該提供滿足所有孩子需求的方法，可以提供替代性課程，從而滿足學(xué)生的需求。故選A。CVaccines(疫苗)maysoonmaketheirfirstfilmappearance.LedbyexpertMariaACroyle,researchershavedevelopedathinsheetthatpreservesvaccinesforlongperiodswithoutrefrigeration.Thismeansthecarefullycooledsmallbottlesnowusedtoshipvaccinescouldpotentiallybereplacedbylightweightfilmsthatcanbemailedinanenvelopeandstoredonashelf.Inspiredbyamber’sabilitytopreservetheDNAofinsects,Croyle’slaboratorysetouttocreatetheirownversionofthesubstance.Thevaccine-containingfilmisadministeredbymouth-sweetnewsformanywhodislikeneedles.Thefilmistailoredtosuiteachspecificvaccinecandidateandprovideaprotectivecoating.“We’velearnedovertimethatthekeytoreallystabilizingwhateverthefilmholdsistohaveitintermixedwithallthecomponents,”Croylesays,addingthattheprocessisquickandusesaffordable,standardequipment.“Wereallywantedtocomeupwithsomethingthatwouldbetransferabletodevelopingcountries.”Immunization(免疫)programsdependmuchonkeepingvaccinescold(2℃-8℃)astheyaretransported,sometimesoverthousandsofkilometerstofar-awaylocations.Deliverycanbedifficultandcostly,andtransportdisruptionscancausethevaccinestobeineffective.Butthisnewproductcanstoreliveviruses,bacteriaandantibodiesforseveralmonthsat20℃.ApaperpublishedinScienceAdvanceshowsthatafluvaccinesuspendedintheirfilmcomparesfavorablywithatraditionalflushot.“Thestudydemonstratesearlyproofofconceptforanexcitingplatformforvaccineproductdevelopment,”saysLisaRohan,apharmacologist,whowasnotinvolvedinthestudy.Shealsonotesthateachvaccinetypewouldneedacustomformulation(配方)forfuturedevelopment.Findingpartnerstomass-produceforclinicaltrialsistheresearchers’mostpressingproblem,Croylesays.Theyarealsoexploringpackagingmethodstokeeptheirfilmsstableupto40℃.Sizeisamajoradvantage—aletter-sizedsheetofthefilmcancarrymorethan500doses(劑)ofvaccine,about1/900theweightofthesameamountoftraditionaldoses.Bymakingiteasierandcheapertoshipandpreservevaccinesefficiently,thetechnologycouldvastlyimproveimmunizationrates,particularlyinmiddle-tolow-incomecountries.8.Whatcanwelearnaboutthefilm?A.Itwillreplacevaccines. B.Itcanholdbio-products.C.Itcontainsanimal’sDNA. D.Itcomesindifferentflavors.9.Whataspectofthefilmcanweknowaccordingtoparagraph3?A.Likelyadvantages. B.Developmentschedule.C.Primarycomponent. D.Transportrequirements.10.WhydoestheauthorquoteLisaRohan?A.Toprovethestudyisfavoredwidely. B.Toadvisepersonalizingvaccines.C.Tostresstherolesofanewplatform. D.Toshowtheproductispromising.11.WhatwillbethenexturgenttaskforCroyle’steam?A.Reducingtheshippingcost. B.Seekingidealmanufacturers.C.Improvingthefilm’scapacity. D.Advertisingthefilmworldwide.【答案】8.B9.A10.D11.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了科研團(tuán)隊研發(fā)出了一種可以長時間保存疫苗而無需冷藏的薄片，描述了它的功能和潛在價值?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“LedbyexpertMariaA.Croyle,researchershavedevelopedathinsheetthatpreservesvaccinesforlongperiodswithoutrefrigeration.(在專家MariaA.Croyle的帶領(lǐng)下，研究人員開發(fā)出了一種可以長時間保存疫苗而無需冷藏的薄片)”可知，這種薄膜可以裝生物制品。故選B項?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thefilmistailoredtosuiteachspecificvaccinecandidateandprovideaprotectivecoating.(該薄膜是量身定制的，以適合每種特定的候選疫苗，提供一種保護(hù)涂層)”，“thekeytoreallystabilizingwhateverthefilmholdsistohaveitintermixedwithallthecomponents(真正使這種薄膜無論容納什么都穩(wěn)定的關(guān)鍵是將其與所有成分混合)”以及“theprocessisquickandusesaffordable,standardequipment.(這一過程是快速的，使用了負(fù)擔(dān)得起的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)設(shè)備)”可推斷，第三段主要講了薄膜的可能的優(yōu)勢。故選A項?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Thestudydemonstratesearlyproofofconceptforanexcitingplatformforvaccineproductdevelopment,saysLisaRohan(麗莎羅翰說：“這項研究為一個令人興奮的疫苗產(chǎn)品開發(fā)平臺提供了早期的概念證明”)”可推斷，作者引用LisaRohan的話來暗示這個產(chǎn)品很有前途。故選D項?！?1題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Findingpartnerstomass-produceforclinicaltrialsistheresearchers’mostpressingproblem,Croylesays.(克羅伊爾說，尋找大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)用于臨床試驗的合作伙伴是研究人員最緊迫的問題)”可知，克羅伊團(tuán)隊的下一個緊急任務(wù)是尋求理想的制造商。故選B項。DScientistsarepoorforecastersofthefuture.Buttwotrendscanbeconfidentlypredicted.First,theworldwillgetmorecrowded.Therewillbemorethan9billionpeopleby2050.Second,theworldwillgetwarmerandsomegovernmentswon’tprioritizethelong-termmeasuresneededtodealwithclimatechange,eventhoughscienceoffersusaroadmaptoalow-carbonfuture.That’swhyweshouldbepromotersofnewtechnology—withoutittheworldcan’tprovidethefoodandsustainableenergyneededforanexpandingpopulation.Butweshouldalsobecautious,asnewtechnologies,suchasAI,maybehardtocontrol.AIwillundoubtedlybecomemoreintrusive(侵入)inthefuture.Recordsofourmovements,healthandfinancialtransactionswillbestoredinthecloud.Thedatamaybeusedforjustifiablereasons,suchasproteinfoldinganddrugdevelopment,ortowarnusofinitialhealthrisks,butitsavailabilitytoInternetcompaniesisalreadyshiftingthebalanceofpowerfromgovernmentstoglobal-scalecorporations.Actually,it’sbeyondEarththatAIhasthemostenormouspotential.HumansmayhaveestablishedbasesbeyondEarthbytheyear2100.Butdon’teverexpectmassemigration(移民)fromEarth.It’safalsebeliefthatspaceoffersanescapefromourproblems.DealingwithclimatechangeonEarthisapieceofcakecomparedtoterraforming(將……地球化)Mars.Nevertheless,weshouldcheeronthesebravehumanspaceadventurers.They’llbeill-adaptedtoaMartianhabitat,sothey’llhaveasupermotivetoredesignthemselves.It’sthey,notthoseofusadaptedtolifeonEarth,whowillpioneerthepost-humanera.Ifpost-humansmaketheshiftfromfleshandbloodtofullyartificialintelligences,theywon’tneedanatmosphereorevengravity,soit’sindeepspace—notevenonMars—thatnon-biological“brains”maydeveloppowersthatwecan’timagine.Theymayendupbeingmentallydifferentfromus.AIcouldjump-startahugeemigrationandthusevermorecomplexintelligencespreadsthroughtheuniverse.Butlet’srefocusfromthesciencefictionofthefarfuture,closertothehereandnow.Thiscenturyisspecial.It’sthefirst,inEarth’s4.5-billion-yearhistorywhereonespecies—ours—holdstheplanet’sfutureinitshands.Ourintelligencecouldinitiatebillionsofyearsofpost-humanevolution,evenmoreamazingthanthatwhichledtous.Ontheotherhand,humanscouldcausebiological,environmentalorcybercatastrophesthatforecloseallthispotential.Ifscienceistosaveus,weneedtothinkglobally,sensiblyandlong-term—empoweredbyscience,butguidedbyvaluesthatsciencealonecan’tprovide.12.Whydoestheauthormentionthetwotrendsinthefirstparagraph?A.Torespondtogovernment’sdecisions.B.Toshowscientists’knowledgeandskills.C.Tohighlightthechallengestoscientists.D.Topresentacallforscientificadvances.13.WhatcanbelearnedaboutAIaccordingtothispassage?A.Itcanputanendtoclimatechange.B.Itcanmakemasshumanemigrationpossible.C.Itcancausepotentialrisksfrombigcompanies.D.Itcanbringaboutthecompetitionamongnations.14.Whichofthefollowingstatementswilltheauthorprobablyagreewith?A.Post-humanswillrepeatthehistoryofhumans.B.Complexintelligencewilldestroytheuniverse.C.Fullyartificialintelligencesmayinhabitouterspace.D.Non-biologicalbrainsmayinviteunforeseendisasters.15.Whichwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Isitpossibletopredictthefuture?B.Couldscienceandtechnologysaveus?C.Isitdifficulttoemigratetoouterspace?D.Willartificialintelligencereplacehumans?【答案】12.D13.C14.C15.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇議論文。主要介紹的是科技發(fā)展對人類未來的影響，特別是人工智能在解決全球性挑戰(zhàn)中的作用與潛在風(fēng)險，并探討了人類與后人類時代的進(jìn)化可能性，文中呼吁以科學(xué)為依托，同時秉持長遠(yuǎn)和全球性的視角來應(yīng)對未來的不確定性?！?2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Scientistsarepoorforecastersofthefuture.Buttwotrendscanbeconfidentlypredicted.First,theworldwillgetmorecrowded.Therewillbemorethan9billionpeopleby2050.Second,theworldwillgetwarmerandsomegovernmentswon’tprioritizethelong-termmeasuresneededtodealwith

climatechange,eventhoughscienceoffersusaroadmaptoalow-carbonfuture.(科學(xué)家們對未來的預(yù)測能力很差。但可以自信地預(yù)測兩種趨勢。首先，世界將變得更加擁擠。到2050年，人口將超過90億。其次，世界將變暖，一些政府不會優(yōu)先考慮應(yīng)對氣候變化所需的長期措施，盡管科學(xué)為我們提供了低碳未來的路線圖)”以及第二段“That’swhyweshouldbepromotersofnewtechnology—withoutittheworldcan’tprovidethefoodandsustainableenergyneededforanexpandingpopulation.(這就是為什么我們應(yīng)該成為新技術(shù)的推動者——沒有它，世界就無法為不斷增長的人口提供所需的糧食和可持續(xù)能源)”可知，作者在第一段中提到這兩種趨勢是為了呼吁大家發(fā)展科學(xué)新技術(shù)。故選D?！?3題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“AIwillundoubtedlybecomemoreintrusive(侵入)inthefuture.Recordsofourmovements,healthandfinancialtransactionswillbestoredinthecloud.Thedatamaybeusedforjustifiablereasons,suchasproteinfoldinganddrugdevelopment,ortowarnusofinitialhealthrisks,butitsavailabilitytoInternetcompaniesisalreadyshiftingthebalanceofpowerfromgovernmentstoglobal-scalecorporations.(人工智能無疑將在未來變得更加侵入性。我們行動、健康和財務(wù)交易的記錄將被存儲在云端。這些數(shù)據(jù)可能出于合理的原因被使用，例如蛋白質(zhì)折疊和藥物開發(fā)，或者用來警告我們最初的健康風(fēng)險，但其對互聯(lián)網(wǎng)公司的可用性已經(jīng)將權(quán)力平衡從政府轉(zhuǎn)移到了全球規(guī)模的公司)”可知，人工智能會使人類受到來自于全球規(guī)模的大公司的潛在威脅。故選C?！?4題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“Ifpost-humansmaketheshiftfromfleshandbloodtofullyartificialintelligences,theywon’tneedanatmosphereorevengravity,soit’sindeepspace—notevenonMars—thatnon-biological“brains”maydeveloppowersthatwecan’timagine.Theymayendupbeingmentallydifferentfromus.AIcouldjump-startahugeemigrationandthusevermorecomplexintelligencespreadsthroughtheuniverse.(如果后人類從血肉之軀轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橥耆娜斯ぶ悄?，他們將不再需要大氣層甚至重力，因此在深空中——甚至不在火星上——非生物的“大腦”可能會發(fā)展出我們無法想象的能力。他們最終可能在精神上與我們不同。人工智能可能會啟動一場巨大的移民潮，從而讓更復(fù)雜的智能在宇宙中傳播開來)”可知，作者認(rèn)為完全人工智能可能存在于外太空。故選C?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifscienceistosaveus,weneedtothinkglobally,sensiblyandlong-term—empoweredbyscience,butguidedbyvaluesthatsciencealonecan’tprovide.(如果科學(xué)要拯救我們，我們需要從全球、理智和長遠(yuǎn)的角度思考——由科學(xué)賦予權(quán)力，但以科學(xué)本身無法提供的價值觀為指導(dǎo))”以及文章內(nèi)容可知，本文主要探討了人工智能、太空探索以及后人類時代的可能性，文章呼吁全球思考、理性行動，并強(qiáng)調(diào)科學(xué)需要與價值觀相結(jié)合所以“科學(xué)和技術(shù)能拯救我們嗎？”提出問題，引發(fā)讀者的閱讀興趣，適合作為文章標(biāo)題。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ThePowerof“Like”Likeitorloveit,socialmediaisamajorpartoflife.Teensspendmorethanhalfoftheirwakinghoursonline.Andmostofwhattheydoisreadandrespondtopostsbyfriendsandfamily.Clickingonathumbs-uporahearticonisaneasywaytostayintouch.____16____Clicking”like“onapostcanincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoseeit.Ifotherpeoplehavelikedapost,newviewerswillbemorelikelytolikeittoo.Manysocialmediasitessharemoreofthehigher-rankedposts.____17____Accordingtorecentstudies,viewingone’sownpostswithalotoflikesactivatestherewardsystemintheirbrains,especiallyforteens.Positiveresponsestoteens’ownphotos(intheformofmanylikes)tellthemthattheirfriendsappreciatethematerialthey’reposting.____18____Seeingsomeoneelse’spopularphoto,however,doesn’tnecessarilyturniton.Morelikely,itmayaffectbehavioralattitudes.____19____Inone2011study,inwhichteensdoingdrivingtaskinalabtookmoreriskswhentheirfriendswerearound,suggeststhatteenswerechangingtheirbehaviortotrytogetsocialapproval.Lastyear,researchersrecruited(招募)32teenstocheckwhethertheymakesimilarchangeswhenusingsocialmedia.Theyfoundthatpopularphotosmightsignaltothemthatwhat’sinthosephotosissociallyacceptable.____20____Thatmeansthatwhatyoulikeonlinehasthepowertoinfluencenotjustwhatotherslike,butevenwhattheydo.Alikeisasocialcue.Teensuseittolearnhowtonavigatetheirsocialworld.Clicking”like“isasimpleactthatcanhavecomplexresults.Alltechuserswillbethoughtfulaboutsocialmedia.A.Asaresult,thatpopularitycanfeedonitself.B.It’snosurprisethatfeedbackfrompeersaffectshowteensbehave.C.Joiningsocialmediacangivepeopleasenseofbeingintheknow.D.Theirbrainsrespondtothoselikesbyturningontherewardcenter.E.Forexample,imagesrelatedtoalcoholmayencourageteenstodrink.F.Andthatcan,inappropriately,makeusfeellesssuccessfulthanthem.G.Butthose”likes“canhavepowerthatgoesbeyondasimpleconnection.【答案】16.G17.A18.D19.B20.E【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了點贊對青少年產(chǎn)生的影響。【16題詳析】上文“Clickingonathumbs-uporahearticonisaneasywaytostayintouch.(點擊豎起大拇指或心形圖標(biāo)是保持聯(lián)系的簡單方法)”說明點贊是一種比較簡單的保持聯(lián)系方式，G項“但這些“贊”的力量可以超越簡單的聯(lián)系”與其緊密銜接，“asimpleconnection”與“aneasywaytostayintouch”相呼應(yīng)，并引出文章的主題，符合語境。故選G項?！?7題詳析】上文“Clicking”like“onapostcanincreasethenumberofpeoplewhoseeit.Ifotherpeoplehavelikedapost,newviewerswillbemorelikelytolikeittoo.Manysocialmediasitessharemoreofthehigher-rankedposts.(在帖子上點擊“點贊”可以增加瀏覽人數(shù)。如果其他人也喜歡某個帖子，新觀眾也更有可能喜歡它。許多社交媒體網(wǎng)站分享更多排名較高的帖子)”說明社交媒體網(wǎng)站分享排名較高的帖子，那么就可以吸引更多的人點贊，A項“因此，這種受歡迎程度可以靠自己來維持”承接上文，闡述了前面句子產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果，符合語境。故選A項?！?8題詳析】上文“Accordingtorecentstudies,viewingone’sownpostswithalotoflikesactivatestherewardsystemintheirbrains,especiallyforteens.Positiveresponsestoteens’ownphotos(intheformofmanylikes)tellthemthattheirfriendsappreciatethematerialthey’reposting.

(根據(jù)最近的研究，大量點贊觀看自己的帖子會激活他們大腦中的獎勵系統(tǒng)，尤其是對青少年來說。對青少年自己照片的積極回應(yīng)(以許多贊的形式)告訴他們，他們的朋友很欣賞他們發(fā)布的材料)”提到青少年看到自己的帖子被點贊會激活他們大腦的獎勵系統(tǒng)，D項“他們的大腦通過打開獎勵中心來對這些贊做出反應(yīng)”承接上文，符合語境。故選D項?！?9題詳析】下文“Inone2011study,inwhichteensdoingdrivingtaskinalabtookmoreriskswhentheirfriendswerearound,suggeststhatteenswerechangingtheirbehaviortotrytogetsocialapproval.(在2011年的一項研究中，當(dāng)朋友在身邊時，在實驗室里完成駕駛?cè)蝿?wù)的青少年會承擔(dān)更多的風(fēng)險，這表明青少年正在改變自己的行為，試圖獲得社會認(rèn)可)”說明青少年有朋友在身邊時，他們會改變自己的行為，B項“毫不奇怪，來自同齡人的反饋會影響青少年的行為”與舉例說明的內(nèi)容吻合，符合語境。故選B項?！?0題詳析】上文“Theyfoundthatpopularphotosmightsignaltothemthatwhat’sinthosephotosissociallyacceptable.(他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，受歡迎的照片可能會向他們發(fā)出信號，表明這些照片中的內(nèi)容是社會可以接受的)”，空處承上啟下，下文“Thatmeansthatwhatyoulikeonlinehasthepowertoinfluencenotjustwhatotherslike,butevenwhattheydo.(這意味著你在網(wǎng)上喜歡的東西不僅能影響別人喜歡的東西，甚至能影響他們的行為)”，E項“例如，與酒精有關(guān)的圖片可能會鼓勵青少年飲酒”舉例內(nèi)容與上文觀點一致，其中“images

”與上文photos”相對應(yīng)，“mayencourageteenstodrink”與下文“influencenotjustwhatotherslike,butevenwhattheydo”相呼應(yīng)，符合語境。故選E項。第三部分語言運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Sixyearsasaspacereportertaughtmethatchaosruleseverything.Nothingiscompletelypredictableorcontrolled.Ihavewatchedenoughgowrongtoknowthatnoviewofacelestial(天空的)eventisevertrulypromisedtous____21____ontheEarth.SowhenmymotherandIdecidedtodriveouttoErie,Pennsylvania,toseetheApril8totalsolareclipse(日全食)thisyear,Iknewthiswouldbeatripoftwo____22____attitudes.I’dbe____23____abouttheweatherandconvincedwe’dbevictimsoftherandomnessthatgovernstheworldwhilemymomwouldhavestrongfaiththatorderwould____24____andtheskieswouldletusglimpseaneclipselikethisforthefirsttimeinourlives.Itoldhernotto____25____theuniverseforthisone;shetoldmeshewouldn’tdependonanythingelse.Iwasonceagainhumbledintoa____26____I’velearnedtimeandtimeagain—Mamaknowsbest.Erie’sforecastthatmorningwaslooking____27____,butbythetimefirstcontactbetweenthesunandthemoonbeganalittleafter2p.m.,thecloudsoverthecity’sbaybegantoclear.Thepaleyellowsunundertheeclipselensesrapidlycrested(達(dá)到頂峰),concentratingintoa____28____orangeglow.Theeclipse____29____at3:16p.m.Athinwhiteglowpiercedoutfromtheedgeofacleanblackcircle.Thesunset-like_____30_____glowedandbloomedinthedistance.Icouldspotsolarprominences(日珥)stickingoutfromthesidesofthesun_____31_____slightlybrightredandpink.JupiterandVenusalsoplayedrolesinthisperformance.Itfeltlikebearing_____32_____tosomethingclosetoamiracle.Fourminuteslater,theeclipse_____33_____.Thesunbrightenedagain.Andtheclouds_____34_____violently,swallowingupthemoonandthesunandtheskyingray.Butforfourincredibleminutes,theuniverseseemstohave_____35_____apromisetomymother.21.A.analysts B.investigators C.astronauts D.observers22.A.consistent B.amusing C.conflicting D.agreeable23.A.pessimistic B.confused C.optimistic D.curious24.A.lose B.delay C.fail D.win25.A.feedon B.takeon C.settleon D.counton26.A.plan B.lesson C.practice D.skill27.A.usual B.terrible C.average D.beautiful28.A.dull B.faint C.weak D.fierce29.A.disappeared B.struck C.died D.exploded30.A.colors B.shapes C.circuits D.scenes31.A.on B.in C.with D.for32.A.witness B.tolerance C.relation D.reference33.A.continued B.progressed C.ended D.ticked34.A.returned B.quit C.left D.faded35.A.lostfocuson B.madegoodon C.tookaccountof D.kepttrackof【答案】21.D22.C23.A24.D25.D26.B27.B28.D29.B30.A31.B32.A33.C34.A35.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。作者作為一名太空記者，經(jīng)歷過無數(shù)次突發(fā)狀況，因此對這次日食之旅持悲觀態(tài)度，認(rèn)為他們可能會錯過觀測機(jī)會。而作者的母親則充滿信心，相信他們一定能看到日食。作者勸母親不要對宇宙抱有太多期望，而母親則表示她不會相信其他任何可能性。最終，作者再次被卷入了一個他早已熟悉的教訓(xùn)，那就是媽媽永遠(yuǎn)是對的?！?1題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我目睹了太多的錯誤，這讓我知道，我們地球上的觀測者從來沒有真正看到過預(yù)測的任何天體事件。A.analysts分析師；B.investigators調(diào)查人員；C.astronauts宇航員；D.observers觀察員。根據(jù)上文“Sixyearsasaspacereportertaughtme”可知，作者的工作就是觀察太空。故選D項?！?2題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，當(dāng)我和母親決定今年開車去賓夕法尼亞州的伊利看4月8日的日全食時，我知道這將是一次充滿兩種矛盾態(tài)度的旅行。A.consistent一致的；B.amusing有趣的；C.conflicting沖突的；D.agreeable令人愉快的；同意的。根據(jù)下文“I’dbe___abouttheweatherandconvincedwe’dbevictimsoftherandomnessthatgovernstheworldwhilemymomwouldhavestrongfaiththatorderwould_andtheskieswouldletusglimpseaneclipselikethisforthefirsttimeinourlives.”可知，作者很悲觀，與母親的信心是沖突的。故選C項?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我會對天氣感到悲觀，相信我們會成為支配世界的隨機(jī)性的受害者，而我媽媽則堅信秩序會獲勝，天空會讓我們平生第一次看到這樣的日食。A.pessimistic悲觀的；B.confused困惑的；C.optimistic樂觀的；D.curious好奇的。根據(jù)第一段中“Ihavewatchedenoughgowrongtoknowthatnoviewofacelestial(天空的)eventisevertrulypromisedtousobserversontheEarth.”及下文“convincedwe’dbevictimsoftherandomnessthatgovernstheworld”可知，作者認(rèn)為預(yù)報的日食現(xiàn)象不會發(fā)生，他們會成為隨機(jī)性的受害者，對此次觀測日食活動是悲觀的。故選A項?！?4題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我會對天氣感到悲觀，相信我們會成為支配世界的隨機(jī)性的受害者，而我媽媽則堅信秩序會獲勝，天空會讓我們平生第一次看到這樣的日食。A.lose丟失，失去；B.delay耽擱，延誤；C.fail失敗；不及格；D.win贏得，獲得。根據(jù)上文“andconvincedwe’dbevictimsoftherandomnessthatgovernstheworldwhilemymomwouldhavestrongfaiththatorderwould…”及空后“andtheskieswouldletusglimpseaneclipselikethisforthefirsttimeinourlives.”可知，作者認(rèn)為他們會成為randomness(隨機(jī)性)的受害者，“while(而)”表明母親的觀點和作者是相反的，她應(yīng)該認(rèn)為order(秩序，規(guī)則)會贏，預(yù)報的日全食會如約而來，即規(guī)則會獲勝。故選D項?！?5題詳析】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：我告訴她這次不要信賴宇宙；她告訴我她不會依賴其他任何東西。A.feedon以……為食；B.takeon承擔(dān)，接受；呈現(xiàn)；C.settleon達(dá)成一致；定居；決定；D.counton依賴。根據(jù)下文“shetoldmeshewouldn’tdependonanythingelse.”可知，作者讓母親不要信賴宇宙，dependon與counton為近義詞呼應(yīng)。故選D項?！?6題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我又一次謙卑地接受了我一次又一次學(xué)到的教訓(xùn)——媽媽最知道。A.plan計劃；B.lesson課；教訓(xùn)；C.practice訓(xùn)練；做法；實踐；D.skill技能；技術(shù)。根據(jù)下文定語從句“I’velearnedtimeandtimeagain”可知，這里指作者從中學(xué)到道理，得到教訓(xùn)。故選B項?！?7題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：那天早上伊利的天氣預(yù)報看起來很糟糕，但下午2點剛過，太陽和月亮開始第一次接觸時，城市海灣上空的云開始散去。A.usual通常的；B.terrible糟糕的；可怕的；C.average平均的；一般的；D.beautiful美麗的。根據(jù)下文“butbythetimefirstcontactbetweenthesunandthemoonbeganalittleafter2p.m