必修一Unit4《Earthquake》Pre-reading-公開課

Unit4

EarthquakeWarmingupandpre-readingWhatkindofdisasterdoyoukow?firetyphoonSARS/Spring2003

sandstormfloodVocalnoeruptiontusnamiNaturalDisasterstyphoonflooddroughtearthquakeWhichdisastermaycausetheworstdamage?

earthquakeHowmuchdoyouknowaboutanearthquake?Manypeopledied……Peoplelosttheirhomes….

Manythingsweredestroyed…..Tangshan,HebeiJuly28th,1976WenchuanQuake2013.4.20YaAnEarthquakeImagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.Youhavetimetotakeonlyonething.Whatwillyoutake?personal

washing

thingsa

bottle

of

water

moneytorchmobile

phonefood

and

sweets

blanketmedicineYouwilltake:2.Whatstrangethingswouldhappenbeforeanearthquake?

BrightlightsflashintheskyAnimalsaretoonervoustosleep,suchascats,dogs,chickens,horses,ducksandrabbits,etc.練一練

Directions:WriteacompositionentitledOnDisasters.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.人的一生中，可能會遇到一些災(zāi)難事件，給我們的生活帶來意外的打擊。2.面對災(zāi)難，我們應(yīng)該堅強，不要過于沉湎于悲痛，要積極面對人生。3.我的看法。OnDisastersAnoldsayinggoes:Lifeisfullofrosesand

thorns.Asweallknow,one’slifeisfullofunexpectedevents,someofwhicharewonderfulandsomeofwhichare

disastrous.Thoseheavy

blows,suchas,floods,snowstorms,andearthquakes,threatentoweighonedown.However,it’sevenworseifonecan’tdraghimselfoutofthegriefinthatmentalbreak-downismoreseriousthanthedisasteritself.Insteadof

indulging

oneselfinsadness,oneshouldtakepositiveattitudetowardslifeandcontributetothereconstructionofhisorherlifeandhometown.Asforme,ifIamluckyenoughtosurviveinadisaster,Iwilltrymybesttohelpthosewhoaresufferingbydonationbloodormoney.IfIamavictim,Iwill

endeavor

torecoverfromthesadnessassoonaspossibleandbecertaintobestrongandsupportivetotherecoverywork.

Haveatry

listning

Whatdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake?Thewaterinthewells____and____.Andsomedeep______couldbeseeninthewellwalls.A______gascameoutthecracks.ArosefellcrackssmellyWhatdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake?BMiceranoutofthefields___________placestohide.Fish_________outofbowsandponds.looking

forjumpedWhatdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake?C

Thechickensandevenpigswere______nervous_____eat.Thedogwas________loudlyagainandagain.tootobarkingDWhatdoyouthinkmayhappenbeforeanearthquake?Peoplecouldsee_______lightsinthesky.brightAt3:42am,everythingbegantos_____.Itseemedthattheworldwasa_________.O________(1/3)ofthenationf____it.Ah_____crackcutacrossthecity.Thecitylayi_______.Two-thirdsofthepeopled____orwerei_______.Thenlaterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakes______TangShan,whicht_______manyr______workersanddoctors.Peoplebegantowonderhowlongthed______wouldl_____.hakene-thirdeltugenruinsiednjuredhookrappedescueisasterasttan

endFillintheblanks.

練一練

Directions:WriteacompositionentitledOnDisasters.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsaccordingtotheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese:1.人的一生中，可能會遇到一些災(zāi)難事件，給我們的生活帶來意外的打擊。2.面對災(zāi)難，我們應(yīng)該堅強，不要過于沉湎于悲痛，要積極面對人生。3.我的看法。OnDisastersAnoldsayinggoes:Lifeisfullofrosesand

thorns.Asweallknow,one’slifeisfullofunexpectedevents,someofwhicharewonderfulandsomeofwhichare

disastrous.Thoseheavy

blows,suchas,floods,snowstorms,andearthquakes,threatentoweighonedown.However,it’sevenworseifonecan’tdraghimselfoutofthegriefinthatmentalbreak-downismoreseriousthanthedisasteritself.Insteadof

indulging

oneselfinsadness,oneshouldtakepositiveattitudetowardslifeandcontributetothereconstructionofhisorherlifeandhometown.Asforme,ifIamluckyenoughtosurviveinadisaster,Iwilltrymybesttohelpthosewhoaresufferingbydonationbloodormoney.IfIamavictim,Iwill

endeavor

torecoverfromthesadnessassoonaspossibleandbecertaintobestrongandsupportivetotherecoverywork.

Haveatry

listning

只要有一線希望，我們就要盡百倍努力：Ifonlythereistheslightedhope,wewillsparenoeffort.只要有一個幸存者，我們就絕不會放棄：Ifonlythereissurvivorinthedebris,wewilnevergiveup.黃金72小時：golden72hours聯(lián)合國秘書長：UNSecretary-GeneralBanKi-moon紅十字會：theRedCross醫(yī)療隊：medicalteam資金和物資：fundsandmaterial死亡人數(shù)：deathtoll與時間賽跑：raceagainsttime生命線：lifeline民政部：theMinistryofCivilAffairs中央臺記者：CCTVcorrespondent不是哭的時候：Therewasnotimefortears.時間就是生命：Everyminutecostsalife.余震：aftershock地震災(zāi)民：quakevictim人民解放軍：People'sLiberationArmysoldier武警：armedpolce消防官兵：fire-fighter醫(yī)務(wù)工作者：medicalworker救援者：rescuer救援隊：rescueteam自愿者：volunteer傷者：theinjured失蹤者:themissing廢墟：debris/ruin衛(wèi)生：sanitation\hygieneReading

ANIGHTTHEEARTHDIDN’TSLEEPFastreading

Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?AnearthquakehappenedinTangshanin1976Reading-Ifastreading(2m)Sumupthemainideaofeachpartofthepassage.(useonewordtodescribe)Part1:para1Part2:para2&3Part3:para4signsdamagerecoveryReading-IIscanning(2m)Sumupthemainideaofeachparagraph.(useonewordtodescribeit)signsdamagesrecoveryPara1Para2&3Para4DetailreadingReading-IIIdetailedreading(5m)MainIdeaDetails________thingswerehappeninginthecountrysideinnortheastHebei.Thewaterinthewells____and______.A_______gascameoutofthecracks.Thechickensandpigsweretoo________to_____.Fish________outofthebowlsandponds.Mice_____outofthefields.At______amonJuly28,1976,peoplesaw_______________inthesky.signsbeforeEarthquakePara.1FillintheblanksStrangerosefellsmellynervouseatjumpedran3:00brightlightsMainIdeaDetailsAt_____am,the__________earthquakeofthe20thcenturybegan._______burstfromholesintheground.Hardhillsoftherockbecameriversof____.________coveredthegroundlikeredautumnleaves.Two_______andmostofthebridgesfell.Therailwaytrackswerenow_________piecesof_______.______nowfilledthewellsinsteadofwater.Water,food,and______________werehardtoget.DamagecausedbyearthquakePara.2-3Fillintheblanks3:42greatestSteamdirtBricksdamsuselesssteelSandelectricityData(數(shù)據(jù))

ofthenationfelttheearthquake.Ahugecrackthatwas

kilometreslongand

metreswidecutacrosshouses.In

terriblesecondsalargecitylayinruins.

ofthepeoplediedorwereinjuredduringtheearthquake.Thenumberofpeoplewhowerekilledorinjuredreachedmorethan

.Allofthecity’shospitals,_ofitsfactoriesandbuildingsand

ofitshomesweregone.1/3830152/3400,00075%90%Para.2-3

Whatshallwedoifanearthquakehappens?DiscussionDiscussion(3m)

Don’tbenervousandkeepcalm.Don’ttrytorunoutoftheclassroom.Protectyourheadbyputtingyourbagonyourhead.Squatorsitdownunderyourdesk.Leavetheclassroomaftertheearthquake.Tangshan’snewlookHomework1.Surftheinternettofindmoreinformationaboutearthquakes.2.Finishthe“l(fā)earningaboutlanguage”partonpage27.3.Finishexercise1onpage63.LanguagePointsTakeabreak!

Unit4

Period3learningaboutlanguageEarthquakePeriod3:幻燈片33-57頁1.AnswerkeysforEx1onPage27:1pipe2dam3shocked4injured5well6canal7ruins8agreatnumberof9atanend10bury11rise12rescue13steamWord-consolidation-I(2m)2.AnswerkeysforEx.2onpage28:Itwasafrighteningnightbecauseagreatnumberofthingshappenedatthesametime.Thewallofthedam

cracked,sothewaterwentalloverthefields.Itfilledthecanalsandthewells.Thewaterpipesinsomebuildingsburst.Thewatercoveredthebuildingsandhadfalleninruinsaroundthedeadandinjuredanimals.Peoplewereshocked.Theyhadtoburymanyofthemforhealthreasons.Itwasaverysadtime.Word-consolidation-II(2m)3.AnswerkeysforEx.3onpage28:1.onemillion2.two-thirds3.one-third4.seventy-fivepercent5.ninetypercent6.tenthousand7.onehundredandfiftythousand8.halfamillionCHFEABDGWord-consolidation-III(2m)Grammar定語從句

TheAttributiveClause

Grammar(5m)Titanicistheshipthatsankafterhittinganiceberg.RoseandJackarethelovers

who

metontheship.Rosethelady/meetJackonTitanicRoseis

metJackonTitanicJacktheyoungman/wanttosaveRosetheman/wanttokillJackCalJackiswantedtosaveRoseCaliswantedtokillJack.theladywhotheyoungmanwhothemanwhotheship/sinkintotheoceantheship/isthemostbeautifulintheworldatthattimeTitanicissankintotheocean.Titanicis

wasthemostbeautifulinthewordatthattime.theshipthattheshipthattheHeartofOceanthediamond/iswornbyRoseTheHeartofOceanis

waswornbyRose.thediamond/isdroppedintotheoceanbyRoseTheHeartofOceanis

wasdroppedintotheoceanbyRosethediamondthatthediamondthatbornin1847/man/inventthefirsttelephoneBellwhowasbornin1847isthemanthatinventedthefirsttelephone.

引導(dǎo)定語從句關(guān)系代詞的用法：

thatwhichwhowhomwhose

1.that在從句中作主語或賓語，指人和物

1)Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.（主語）2)ThenoodlesthatIlookedweredelicious.（賓語）3)Let’saskthemanthatisreadingthebookoverthere.（主語）4)ThegirlthatwesawyesterdayisJim’sister.（賓語）

2.

Which

在從句中作主語或賓語，指物1)Theyplantedthetreeswhichdidn’tneedmuchwater.

(主語)3.

whowhom

在從句中分別作主語和賓語(口語中who也可作賓語)1)TheforeignerwhovisitedourschoolyesterdayisfromCanada.（主語）2)Thefishwhichweboughtwerenotfresh.

（賓語）2)TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledMichael.（主語）

4)Mr.Readistheprofessortowhomyoushouldwrite.（賓語）3)ThepersontowhomyoujusttalkedisMr.Li.（賓語）

3)Thisisthebookwhosecoverisblue.4.

whose

在從句中作定語，指人或物1)MissFloweristheteacherwhosehousecaughtfirelastweek.2)Thisistheboywhosecompositiontheteachertalkedof.Thebossinwhosecompanymyfatherworkedisaverykindperson.關(guān)系代詞whose還可以在從句中與它所修飾的詞一起作介詞賓語NOTE

that和which在指物的情況下一般都可以互換,但在下列情況下,

一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething

(that)

youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行詞為all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代詞時。(2)先行詞被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修飾時。(3)先行詞被序數(shù)詞或最高級修飾時。(4)先行詞被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修飾時。NOTEAreyouclearnow?

OK.Let’sdosomeexercise!Function-Ipractice(3m)3.Thehouse____________theybuiltin1987stayedupintheearthquake.

Fillintheblankswithwho,whom,that,whichorwhose1.Theearthquake___________hitthecityin1906wasthebiggestinAmericanhistory.2.Wedon’tknowthenumberofpeople____________losttheirhomesin1906earthquakethat/whichthat/who

which/that

6.Harryistheboy________motherisourmathsteacher.4.Ahouse____________isbuiltonsandmayfalldowninaearthquake.

5.Luckilynoneofthepeople______________Iknowwerekilledintheearthquake.which/thatwho/whom/thatwhoseAnswerkeysfor“Discoveringusefulstructures”Ex.2onPage281who2that/which3which/that4whose5whoseFunction-IIpractice(2m)1.Thefamousbasketballstar,_______triedtomakeacomeback,attractedalotofattention.(北京2002春季)

A、whereB、whenC、whichD、who答案D

真題解析：本題考察定語從句關(guān)聯(lián)詞的選擇，從句意可知先行詞thefamousbasketballstar（著名的籃球明星）是人，所以應(yīng)用表示人的關(guān)聯(lián)詞who。高考鏈接Thefilmbroughtthehoursbacktome_____Iwastakengoodcareofinthatfar-awayvillage.(NMET2001)

A、untilB、thatC、whenD、where答案C

真題解析：本題考察定語從句的連接詞，主句中的先行詞thehours被其它成分分割，只要考生能夠認清真正的先行詞，就不難得出答案，thehours表示時間，所以應(yīng)該選擇一個表示時間的關(guān)系副詞，即when。高考鏈接3._____isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.(NMET2001)

A、ItB、AsC、ThatD、what答案B

真題解析：本題考察as引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句。as引導(dǎo)從句的意思是“正如……..”，引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句修飾整個句子，當(dāng)as在從句中充當(dāng)主語時，常用下面的結(jié)構(gòu)：asisknow，asissaid，asisreported

等，所以本題的答案是B。高考鏈接Homework1.finishtheexercisesonpage28.2.surftheinternettofindmoreinformationabouttheattributiveclauseandsumuptherulesofit.Takeabreak!

Unit4

Period4ReadingIIEarthquakePeriod4:幻燈片58-75頁Doyouknowanyotherplacewheretheearthquakeseasilyhappenintheworld?WarmingupBrainstorming(2m)PacificplateAmericanplateEurasianplate

IndiaplateAfrican

plateAntarcticplateSanFranciscoUSMap??Pacificplate

NorthSouthWestEast↖American

plateTheplatesaremovingconstantly.Sometimesthesetwoplatesstopanddonotmoveforyears.ThenSuddenly,theyjumpandanearthquakeisfelt.Asaresultofthemovementoftheseplates,westAmericaneartheseahasalwaysbeenabadplaceforearthquakes.ContinentOceanicplate★★SanFrancisco(beforetheearthquake)SanFrancisco(aftertheearthquake)Readthepassageandfinishthefollowingexercises.1.Writeanadjectivetodescribehowtheauthorfeelsabouttheearthquakeandwhatitdid.___________________Whydidyouchoosetheseword?__________________________________ReadingIscanning(2m)2.WriteanadjectivetodescribehowtheauthorfeelsaboutthepeopleofSanFrancisco.___________________Whydidyouchoosetheseword?__________________________________Readthefirstparagraphinthispassage.Thengobackandreadagainthefirstparagraphofthepassageonpage26.Comparethewaysbothwritersgiveyoudetailsabouttheearthquakes.ReadingIIdetailedreading(3m)Howdoyouknow?______________________________1.Whichwritershowsmorefeelingabouttheearthquake?A.ThewriteroftheTangshanquakein1976BThewriteroftheSanFranciscoin1906Bothwritersgivesimilardetailsabout_________________________

and__________________________________________________________3.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Bothwritersgivedetailsofbigeventsbeforelittleevents.BBothwritersgivedetailsoflittleeventsbeforebigevents.CNeitherwritergivesdetailsofbigeventsbeforelittleevents.3.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementsisnottrue?Bothwriterssawtheearthquakehewroteabout.B.Onlyonewritersawtheearthquakehewroteabout.C.Neitherwritersawtheearthquakehewroteabout.Thinking:IfyouaregoingtomakeaspeechtohonorthosewhodiedintheterribledisasterandthosewhohelpedthesurvivorsinTangshan,whatwouldyousay?Thinking&writing(5m)HomeworkReadtheletterandthenwriteashortspeech,inwhichyoushouldfollowthefollowingpointsonpage29.Takeabreak!

Unit4

Period5ListeningEarthquakePeriod5:幻燈片76-85頁Question:Haveyoueverexperiencedaterribledisasterandbecameasurvivor?Pre-listeningprediction(1m)ListentothetapeasittellsthestoryofamanwhowasasurvivorofthegreatSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906.Readthefollowingstatementsandtellwhethertheyaretrueorfalse.1.F2.F3.T4.T5.F6.FListening(5m)Listentothetapeandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whendidthemantalkabouttheearthquake:whileitwashappeningorafterithadhappened?Howdoyouknow?

Aftertheearthquakehadhappened.Thelastsentencegivesinformationaboutthenextday.Listeningansweringthefollowingquestions(5m)Listentothetapeandanswerthefollowingquestions.Isthemancalmashetalksaboutheearthquake?Whyorwhynot?

Yes,themaniscalmbecauseheiswritingaboutsomethingalongtimeafterithappened.Listentothetapeandanswerthefollowingquestions.Whatwasthebiggestdangerfortheman:fires,cowsorfallingbuildings?Why?

Thefallingbuildingswerehisbiggestdangerandhedidn’tknowwhenonemightfallonhim.Hecouldatleastseethefiresandcowscomingtowardshim.Listentothetapeandanswerthefollowingquestions.Wherewasthemangoing?

Hewasgoingtothebaytogetonaboat.Listentothetapeandanswerthefollowingquestions.Haveyougotanyideastohelpthismanduringtheearthquake?

____________________________________________________________________________(Thestudents’answersmayvarybutshoulddemonstrateanunderstandingofthelisteningtext.)HomeworkFinishthelisteningtaskonworkbook,page66.Takeabreak!

Unit4

Period6SpeakingandWritingEarthquakePeriod6:幻燈片86-109頁Whatkindofnewspaperdoyouusuallyread?

Speakingtask:Chinadaily21centuryNewYorkTimesWashingtonpostEnglishweekly……Speaking(4m)HaveyoueverreadanyEnglishnewspaperorchinesenewspaper?Whatarethey?Whichwouldyouprefer,EnglishnewspaperorChinesenewspaper?Why?Discussion:Discussion(3m)aninterestingtitlethattellsthereaderwhatyourtopicis

HeadlineMainideasDetailsDoyouknowwhatanoutlineis?outlineBrainstormingforwriting(3m)QuestionsWhyanoutlineisimportant?Whatshouldanoutlineconclude?Whyaheadlineisimportant?Whatarethestepstofinishanewspaperstory?Whatisthefeatureofthenewspaperstory?Whyanoutlineisimportant?Becauseanoutlinewillprepareyoutowriteabetterstory.Whatshouldanoutlineconclude?

Agoodoutlineshouldhaveaheadline,alistofmainideaandalistofimportantdetails.Whyaheadlineisimportant?

Aheadlinecantellthereaderwhatthetopicis,soitcanattractthereader’sattentionsincethereadermaynothaveboughtthenewspaperbeforetheyreadtheheadline.Whatarethestepstofinishanewspaperstory?

First,organizethemainideas.Next,putsomedetailsintoeachparagraph.Whatisthefeatureofthenewspaperstory?Anewspaperstorygivesthemostimportantnewsfirstandtheleastimportantnewslast.ReadtheexampleofanewspaperstoryonP31.Howmanypartsisthestorydivided?Findtheheadline,mainideasanddetailsofeachparagraph.Pre-writing(3m)Headline:MainideasDetailsoutlineimportantThemostimportantnewsfirst

theleastimportantnewslastWritingPartNewspaperStoryShortstoryHeadlineOrganizationUseofmainideasUseofparagraphsPoint-of-viewConclusionWritingPartNewspaperStoryShortstoryHeadlineAttractreaders’attentionOrganizationUseofmainideasUseofparagraphsPoint-of-viewConclusionWritingPartNewspaperStoryShortstoryHeadlineAttractreaders’attentionOrganizationBeginswithbigeventsandincludessmalldetailslater.UseofmainideasUseofparagraphsPoint-of-viewConclusionWritingPartNewspaperStoryShortstoryHeadlineAttractreaders’attentionOrganizationBeginswithbigeventsandincludessmalldetailslater.Beginswithsmalldetailsandincludesbigdetailslater.UseofmainideasUseofparagraphsPoint-of-viewConclusionWritingPartNewspaperStoryShortstoryHeadlineAttractreaders’attentionOrganizationBeginswithbigeventsandincludessmalldetailslater.Beginswithsmalldetailsandincludesbigdetailslater.UseofmainideasUseofparagraphsPoint-of-viewConclusionWritingPartNewspaperStoryShortstoryHeadlineAttractreaders’attentionOrganizationBeginswithbigeventsandincludessmalldetailslater.Beginswithsmalldetailsandincludesbigdetailslater.UseofmainideasUseofparagraphsPoint-of-viewConclusionWritingPartNewspaperStoryShortstoryHeadlineAttractreaders’attentionOrganizationBeginswithbigeventsandincludessmalldetailslater.Beginswithsmalldetailsandincludesbigdetailslater.UseofmainideasUseofparagraphsPoint-of-viewObjectiveSubjectiveConclusionWritingPartNewspaperStoryShortstoryHeadlineAttractreaders’attentionOrganizationBeginswithbigdetailsandincludessmalldetailslater.Beginswithsmalldetailsandincludesbigdetailslater.UseofmainideasUseofparagraphsPoint-of-viewObjectiveSubjectiveConclusionHasnoconclusionGeneralconclusionExampleofnewspaperstory

Chinaleadsworldintrafficdeath

ExpertssaythatroadtrafficaccidentsareontheriseandChinaranksfirstintheworldintrafficdeathtolls.WorldwideStatisticsshowthattheglobaltrafficaccidentdeathtollamountedto500,000in2003,withthelargestshare,104,000reportedinChina,followedbyIndiawith86,000,theU.S.with40,000,andRussiawith26,000,saidDuanLiren,formerdeputydirectoroftheBeijingTrafficManagementBureau.RoadaccidentsareTheseventhleadingkillerinChina.

PreparetheoutlineforashortnewspaperstoryforChinaDaily.UsetheexampletohelpyouorganizeYouroutline.AssignmentHeadlinecMainideasDetailsHeadlineCyclistsreadytogoontheroadforblindkids.MainideasDetailsHeadlineCyclistsreadytogoontheroadforblindkids.MainideasFromJuly5to28,ateamofcyclistsknowasBikersfortheBlindwillridetheirbikes1,888kmfromLijiang,YunnanProvince,toLhasa,Tibet.DetailsHeadlineCyclistsreadytogoontheroadforblindkids.MainideasFromJuly5to28,ateamofcyclistsknowasBikersfortheBlindwillridetheirbikes1,888kmfromLijiang,YunnanProvince,toLhasa,Tibet.Detailsmeeting,purpose:hopetoraisemoneytohelpblindchildren,members:countries,ages,beforetheirtripTakeabreak!LanguageDataBankLanguagePointsforReadingIImagineyourhomebeginstoshakeandyoumustleaveitrightaway.(P25)Shake:vi/vt(shook,shaken)Shakehandswithsb

Shakeone’sheadover/atsthThewholehouseshookduringtheexplosion.Theexplosionshookthehouse.Pleaseshakethebottlebeforetaking.Thehostshookhandswithalltheguests.Nothingcanshakeourdeterminationtoovercomethedifficulty.Heshookhisheadinanswertomyquestion.rightaway:rightnow;atonce;immediately

Iamgettingintouchwithhimrightaway.LanguagePointsforReadingI2.Forthreedaysthewaterinthevillagewellsroseandfell,roseandfell.(Para1,Line1)rise(rose,risen)vigoup;gethigher;(ofthesun,moon,stars,etc.)comeabovethehorizon;standup,getoutofbedThefloodhasrisentwofeet.Sheusuallyrisesearlyinthemorning.rise&raiserise:升起；上升；上漲（不能用于被動語態(tài)）raise:舉起；使升起；提高（可用于被動語態(tài)）Heraisedaheavyboxoverhishead.Wemustraisethelivingstandardofthepeople.Foodpricesarestillrising.3.Asmellygascameoutofthecracks.Inthefarmyards,thechickensandeventhepigsweretoonervoustoeat.(Para1,Line3)smellyadj.發(fā)臭的windwindydreamdreamyiceicytoo···to·····＝sothatThisbookistoodifficultformetoread.=ThisbookissodifficultthatIcannotread.4.Inthecity,thewaterpi