2025版高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課時(shí)提能練16含解析外研版

PAGE1-課時(shí)提能練(十六)Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2024·廣東省六校聯(lián)考)NEWYORK—AmassivewinterstormparalyzedmuchoftheUSEastCoastonThursdayandFriday，dumpingasmuchas46centimetersofsnowfromtheCarolinastoMaine.ItalsocausedfloodingonthestreetsofBostonduetoswellingstormtides，forcedthecancellationofnearly5,000flightsandclosedbusinesses，officesandschools.Somemeteorologists(氣象學(xué)家)classifiedthestormasa“bombcyclone”foritssharpdropinatmosphericpressurewouldbefollowedimmediatelybyablastofcoldairthatcouldbreakrecordsinmorethantwodozencitiesandbringwindchillsaslowas－40℃duringtheweekend.FromBaltimore，Maryland，toCaribouinMaine，effortswereunderwaytoclearroadwaysoficeandsnowaswindchilltemperaturesweretoplungeduringtheday，reaching－40℃insomepartsaftersundown，accordingtotheNationalWeatherService.UtilitycompaniesacrosstheEastworkedtorepairdownedpowerlinesearlyonFridayasabout21,000customersremainedwithoutelectricity，downfromalmost80,000thedaybefore，andissuedwarningsthattemperaturesmaybecomedangerouslylow.“Ifthetemperatureinyourhomebeginstofall，werecommendtakingshelterelsewhereuntilservicecanberestored.Youcanfindwarmingcentersbycontactinglocalauthorities，”NationalGridpowercompany，whichservesMassachusetts，saidonTwitter.Airlinescanceled4,000flightsonThursdayandhundredsmoreonFriday，accordingtoFlightAware，anonlinetrackingservice.MayorBilldeBlasiosaiditcouldfeellike－30℃onFridayandSaturdaynightswiththewindchill.“Thisisaserious，seriousstorm，andmaybethemostseverein2024，”hesaidatanewsconference.NewYorkGovernorAndrewCuomodeclaredastateofemergencyforthesouthernpartofthestate，whileNewJerseyGovernorChrisChristiedeclaredastateofemergencyforseveralcounties.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文屬于新聞報(bào)道。大規(guī)模的暴風(fēng)雨于周四和周五攻擊了美國(guó)東海岸，給當(dāng)?shù)氐纳a(chǎn)和生活造成了嚴(yán)峻影響。1．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheconsequenceofthemassivewinterstorm?A．BreakdownoftheUScoast.B．FloodinginBoston.C．Cancellationofnearly5,000flights.D．Closureinbusiness，offices，andschools.A[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第一段其次句“ItalsocausedfloodingonthestreetsofBostonduetoswellingstormtides，forcedthecancellationofnearly5,000flightsandclosedbusinesses，officesandschools.”可知，受暴風(fēng)雪的影響，波士頓暴發(fā)了洪水，近5000架次的航班被迫取消，企業(yè)、辦公樓和學(xué)校也被迫關(guān)閉。只有A項(xiàng)沒(méi)有提到，故選A。]2．Whydidsomemeteorologistsclassifythiswinterstormas“bombcyclone”？A．Becauseitwillcausechangeableatmosphericpressure.B．Becausethescaleofthisstormcouldbreakrecordsinlotsofcities.C．Becauseofthedeadlyanddestructiveeffectsofthisstorm.D．Becauseoftheextremelycoldairandthewindchillsinthisstorm.D[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)其次段可知，一些氣象專家將此類(lèi)風(fēng)暴歸為“炸彈氣旋”的緣由是氣壓的急劇下降，而隨后還會(huì)有一股冷空氣到來(lái)，打破了20多座城市的記錄，導(dǎo)致周末時(shí)氣溫低至－40℃。故選D。]3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplainstheunderlinedword“plunge”inPara.3?A．Declinesteadily.B．Dropdramatically.C．Fluctuateviolently.D．Fallmoderately.B[詞義揣測(cè)題。依據(jù)第三段第一句“...windchilltemperaturesweretoplungeduringtheday，reaching－40℃insomepartsaftersundown...”可知，一些地區(qū)的風(fēng)寒溫度在日落后會(huì)降到－40℃。據(jù)此可知，畫(huà)線詞的含義為“突然下降”，故選B。]4．Abouttherescuework，whichofthefollowingstatementsisINCORRECT?A．Peopleweremakinggreateffortstoridroadwaysoficeandsnow.B．About101thousandpeoplewereleftwithoutelectricityonThursday.C．Residentscanstayinwarmingcentersuntilheatingserviceisrestored.D．Aviationservicehasn'tbeenbroughtbacktonormalyetuntilFriday.B[細(xì)微環(huán)節(jié)理解題。依據(jù)第三段可知，人們正在加緊清理路面上的冰雪，故解除A項(xiàng)；依據(jù)第五段前兩句可知，在供暖服務(wù)復(fù)原之前，居民可以住在供暖中心，故解除C項(xiàng)；依據(jù)第六段可知，航班服務(wù)仍舊沒(méi)有復(fù)原正常，故解除D項(xiàng)。依據(jù)第四段內(nèi)容可知，周五早些時(shí)候，電力公司都在努力修復(fù)被擊落的電線，當(dāng)時(shí)大約有21000家沒(méi)有電，比前一天的差不多80000削減了，故可知周四沒(méi)有電的不是101000家。故選B。]Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2024·石家莊一模)HowtoBeaGoodTeamLeaderTeamworkisessentialinschool，sports，andgroupactivities.Beingagoodteamleaderinvolvesalotofskills，butknowinghowtorelatetoyourteamisoneofthemostimportantqualitiesagoodteamleadershouldhave.

Showrespect.Asaleader，youwillsometimeshavetomakeadecisioninahurry.1You'dbetterexplainclearlywhyyoumadethedecisionandaskforfeedbackfromyourteam，whichshowsthatyouarealeaderwithrespect.

2Ifsomepeoplearealittlebehindonaprojectortask，helpthem.Bepatientandspendsometimewiththeindividualtoassesswhythereisanissue.Inaddition，findataskforeveryonenomatterwhattheirskillorlevelis.3

Encourageyourteam.Sometimespeoplearescaredtotrysomething，andthisiswheretheleadercomesin.4It'smorelikelythatyourteamwillgetmotivatedandhavethejobdoneatlast.

Recognizethepositiveresults.Acknowledgeyourteamforajobwelldone，evenifit'ssmall.Youdon'thavetorewardgoodworkwithapayraise.5Takingasecondortwotostopandthankyourteammakesadifference.Onceyoufollowthetipsmentionedabove，youwillmakeagoodteamleader.A．Includeeveryone.B．Keepapositiveattitude.C．Apayraisewillcheerupyourteam.D．Oralappreciationholdsalotofweight.E．Afterall，theyallwanttocontributeinsomeway.F．Showyourteamthatthetaskispossible，evenifdifficult.G．Butthismaynotalwaysbewhateveryoneinyourteamwants.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了四條成為優(yōu)秀領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的原則。1．G[依據(jù)空處前一句“Asaleader，youwillsometimeshavetomakeadecisioninahurry”可知，作為一個(gè)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，你有時(shí)不得不快速做出確定；結(jié)合空處后一句“You'dbetterexplainclearlywhyyoumadethedecisionandaskforfeedbackfromyourteam，whichshowsthatyouarealeaderwithrespect”可知，你最好說(shuō)明清晰你為什么做出這樣的確定；依據(jù)空處前后兩句的句意可以推斷，空處與前一句形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，表示這么做并非團(tuán)隊(duì)每個(gè)成員想要的，并引出后一句，故G項(xiàng)正確。]2．A[依據(jù)空處所在的位置可知，空處是該段標(biāo)題；由該段其次、第三句“Bepatientandspendsometimewiththeindividualtoassesswhythereisanissue.Inaddition，findataskforeveryonenomatterwhattheirskillorlevelis”可知，要有耐性，花些時(shí)間和個(gè)人探討為什么會(huì)有這樣的問(wèn)題；此外，要給全部人找到任務(wù)。據(jù)此可以推斷，該段主要陳述要關(guān)注每個(gè)成員，故A項(xiàng)正確。]3．E[依據(jù)空處前一句“Inaddition，findataskforeveryonenomatterwhattheirskillorlevelis”可知，要給全部人找到任務(wù)，不管他們的技能或水平是什么樣的；據(jù)此可以推斷，空處說(shuō)明此舉的緣由，故E項(xiàng)(終歸每個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的成員都想以某種方式做出貢獻(xiàn))符合語(yǔ)境。]4．F[依據(jù)該段的標(biāo)題“Encourageyourteam”可知，要激勵(lì)你的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員；結(jié)合空處后一句“It'smorelikelythatyourteamwillgetmotivatedandhavethejobdoneatlast”可知，你的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員很有可能被激勵(lì)，從而最終完成工作；據(jù)此可以推斷，空處承上啟下，陳述激勵(lì)的方式，故F項(xiàng)(向團(tuán)隊(duì)成員證明，即使任務(wù)很困難，也是可能完成的)符合語(yǔ)境。]5．D[依據(jù)空處前一句“Youdon'thavetorewardgoodworkwithapayraise”可知，你無(wú)需為良好的工作表現(xiàn)加薪；據(jù)此可以推斷，口頭表?yè)P(yáng)會(huì)起到很大的作用，故D項(xiàng)與此處匹配。]Ⅲ.語(yǔ)法填空(2024·貴陽(yáng)適應(yīng)性考試)Franklin'slifeisfullofcharmingstorieswhichallyoungmenshouldknow—1.hesoldbooksinBoston，andbecametheguestofkingsinEurope；howhewasmadeMajorGeneralFranklin，onlytoquitbecause，ashesaid，hewasnosoldier，andyethelpedtoorganizethearmythatstoodbeforethetrainedtroopsofEnglandandGermany.ThispoorBostonboy，withoutaday'sschooling，2.(become)amasterofsixlanguagesandneverstopped3.(study)；thisneglectedapprentice(學(xué)徒)conqueredlightning，madehisnamefamous，4.(receive)degreesanddiplomasfrommanycolleges，andbecameforeverrememberedasthe“DoctorFranklin”，aphilosopher，scientistand5.(politics)leader.Self-made，self-taught，thecandlemaker'ssongavelight6.alltheworld；thestreetbooksellersetallmensingingofliberty；theapprenticebecamethemostsought-aftermanacrosstheworld，andbroughthisnativelandtopraiseandhonorhim.HebuiltAmerica，forwhatthenationistodayislargelyduetothemanagement，theforethought，thewisdom，andthe7.(able)ofBenjaminFranklin.Hebelongstotheworld，but8.(especial)hebelongstoAmerica.Peoplearoundtheworldhonoredhimwhilehewasliving；heisstillregarded9.theloftiest(崇高的)manbythecommonpeopletodayafterhisdeath.Andhewillliveinpeople's10.(heart)forever.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要講解并描述了美國(guó)名人本杰明·富蘭克林的傳奇故事。1．how[考查副詞。此處與下文中的“howhewasmadeMajorGeneralFranklin”呼應(yīng)，此處表示事情進(jìn)行的方式，故用副詞how。]2．became[考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)下文的andneverstopped可知，此處是并列結(jié)構(gòu)，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。]3．studying[考查動(dòng)名詞。stopdoingsth.意為“停止做某事”，故用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。]4．received[考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。依據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處和conquered，made，became是并列關(guān)系，故用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。]5．political[考查形容詞。修飾名詞用形容詞，故用形容詞political修飾名詞leader，在句子中作定語(yǔ)。]6．to[考查介詞。givesth.to...意為“給……某物”，故用介詞to。]7．a(chǎn)bility[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。依據(jù)冠詞the和介詞of以及上文的management，forethought和wisdom可知，此處用名詞ability表示抽象概念。]8．especially[考查副詞。副詞修飾形容詞、副詞、動(dòng)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)，甚至整個(gè)句子，在句子中作狀語(yǔ)。此處副詞especially修飾整個(gè)句子。]9．a(chǎn)s[考查介詞。regard...as...意為“把……看作……”，為固定搭配，故用介詞as。]10．hearts[考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。heart作“心，內(nèi)心”時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞，依據(jù)空前的people's可知，此處表示復(fù)數(shù)概念，故用復(fù)數(shù)名詞hearts。]Ⅳ.短文改錯(cuò)(2024·太原模擬)Doyoubelieveloveisthemostimportant?Intheearlytwentycentury，homelesspeoplewereoftenbroughtupinorphanages，inthattheyreceivedlittlelove.Atonetime，Dr.Skeelstooktwelvechildrenfromanorphanageorhadayounggirllookthemeachday.Healsostudiedanothertwelvechildrenwhoareleftintheorphanagealldaylong.Hefollowedthesechildrennotuntiltheygrewup，andtheresultswereshocked.Thechildrenstayingalldayintheorphanagewereeitherdeadorsufferingfromseriousillnesses.However，the