2021-2022學(xué)年浙江省寧波市鄞州中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)學(xué)科試題解析版（不含聽力音頻）

2021-2022學(xué)年浙江省寧波市鄞州中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期期中考試英語(yǔ)學(xué)科試題考生須知：1.本卷共8頁(yè)，滿分150分，考試時(shí)間120分鐘；2.答題前，在答題卷指定區(qū)域填寫班級(jí)、姓名、考場(chǎng)號(hào)、座位號(hào)及準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)并填涂相應(yīng)數(shù)字。3.所有答案必須寫在答題紙上，寫在試卷上無(wú)效；4.考試結(jié)束后，只需上交答題紙。第Ⅰ卷（選擇題共95分）第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）1.WhydoesDavidaskforamap?A.TolocateSanFrancisco.B.Tofindarestaurant.C.ToeatinChinatown.2.Wheredoesthewomanliketogoforholiday?A.Tothebeach.B.ToColorado.C.Tosomewherecold.3.Howwillthemanprobablydealwiththejoboffer?A.Accepttheoffer.B.Refusethejob.C.Asktochangetheworkingdays.4.WhatdoweknowaboutHenry?A.Hephonedustowaitforhim.B.Hewon’tcomefordinnertoday.C.Hewon'tbeontimefordinner.5.Whatarethespeakerslikelytodonext?A.Continuepackingboxes.B.StopworkingandgohomeC.Leavenon-urgentorderstotomorrowmorning.第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽第6段材料，回答第6---7題。6.HowdoesBettyusuallygotowork?A.Bycar.B.BybikeC.Byrail.7.What’stheadvantageoftakingthetrain?A.Itismoreconvenient.B.Itismuchfaster.C.Itislessexpensive.聽第7段材料，回答第8---10題。8.Whatsuggestiondoesthemanmaketothewoman?A.Checkthecarherself.B.Thinkaheadbeforemakingadecision.C.Asksomeonetodothecarcheck.9.Whatistrueaboutthecarprice?A.Thewomanwasgivenadiscount.B.Thesalesmanstucktotheoriginalprice.C.Thepricewouldbelowerifpaidincash.10.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Makethepaymentforher.B.Drivehercarhome.C.Lookafterhercar.聽第8段材料，回答第11---13題。11.Howdoesthewomanfindthelivingcostinthecity?A.LowB.Average.C.High.12.Whataccountsforthemostofthewoman’sexpenses?A.Meals.B.rains.C.Clothes.13.Wheredoesthewomangoinhersparetime?A.Tothecinemas.B.Tothesupermarkets.C.Tothepubs.聽第9段材料，回答第14至16題。14.WhatwillAmandadoonOct12?A.Organizeabusinessmeeting.B.Visitatradeexhibition.C.MeetthepeoplefromHeadOffice.15.WhatpreparationsisAlanmakingforthemeeting?A.Areport.B.Aschedule.C.Alecture.16.Whendothespeakersagreetohavethemeeting?A.OnOct4.B.OnOct10.C.OnOct17.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whatdidthespeakerwanttodoafterdinnerthatday?A.Helpherfriendgetthecar.B.Walkaloneintheraintohercar.C.Waitfortheraintostop.18.Whatdoweknowaboutthespeakerthen?A.Shewasworkingintherestaurant.B.Shehadpurchasedanewcar.C.Shewasaboutsevenmonthspregnant.19.Wheredidthespeakermeettheyoungman?A.AtacrossroadsB.Intherestaurant.C.Nearacarpark.20.Whatdoesthespeakerwanttotellus?A.Anamazingdinnerparty.B.Afunnyshortstory.C.Anunforgettableexperience.閱讀理解AZhangGuimeiAwardedCPC’sTopHonorJuly1Medal1July2021OnJune29thisyear,ZhangGuimeiwasawardedCPC’stophonorJuly1MedalattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing.Attheceremony.shesaidshedidallthisoutofhergratefulnessandloveforthecountry,aswellastheoriginalaspirationandmissionofaCPCmember.ZhangGuimei,whohasdedicatedher40yearstoeducationatChina’ssouthwesternborder,isaprincipalmotivatingyounggirlsfromimpoverishedfamiliesinmountainousareas.ZhangwasborninMudanjiang,Heilongjiangprovincein1957.At17,shecametoDaliinYunnanprovincetosupportthedevelopmentofborderareas,whereshestumbledintoteachingandstartedacareerasaneducator.Afterherhusband’sdeathin1996,shewenttoteachinHuapingcounty,Whileteachingthere,shesawmanygirlsdropoutofschoolduetopoverty.Tochangethedestinyofthegirlsinthemountain,Zhangstartedherpreparationtobuildafreeall-girlshighschoolin2002.In2007,ZhangwenttoBeijingforthe17thCPCNationalCongressasadeputy.Herreporttitled“Ihaveadream”deliveredatthemeetingmadeherdreamofbuildingafreeall-girlshighschoolknowntoall.Later,boththeLijiangandHuapinggovernmentssponsoredherwithamillionyuan.Ayearlater,Zhang’sschoolwascompleted,becomingthefirstfreeall-girlshighschoolinChina.Duringthepast13years,theschoolhasnurturedoverI,800studentswhohavemadeittouniversities.Withnooffspringandproperty,Zhanglivesinadormitorybuildingwithherstudents.Shehasdonatedallhercashawards,donationsfromothers,andmostofhersalaries,morethanamillionyuan,tothechildrenandotherpeopleinneed.Shesuffersfrom23diseases,butsheisstillworkingselflessly.HerstoryhasmovedmillionsofChinesepeopleandisnowwrittenintoanewlypublishedBriefHistoryofthePeople’sRepublicofChina.1.What’sthewritingstyleofthispassage?A.Abiography. B.Anargumentation.C.Anewsreport. D.Anarration.2.What’sZhang’sdreammentionedinthepassage?A.Tochangethedestinyofthegirlsinthemountain.B.Toliftgirlsinthemountainoutofpoverty.C.Toestablishachildren’shome.D.Tofoundafreehighschoolforgirlsonly.3.WhichpieceofinformationaboutZhangGuimeiistrue?A.ShehascommittedherselftoeducationinurbanareasBSheisamoralmodelburningherselftolightothers.C.ShehasbeenteachinginHuapingcountysinceshecametoYunnan.D.ShewasawardedtheMedalon1July.【答案】1.C2.D3.B【解析】【分析】本文是新聞報(bào)道，介紹了獲得中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨最高榮譽(yù)七一勛章的時(shí)代楷模張桂梅的榮譽(yù)和成就。【1題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“OnJune29thisyear,ZhangGuimeiwasawardedCPC’stophonorJuly1MedalattheGreatHallofthePeopleinBeijing.”（今年6月29日，張桂梅在北京人民大會(huì)堂被授予中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨最高榮譽(yù)“七一獎(jiǎng)?wù)隆?。）此處有時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)，描述的是當(dāng)今社會(huì)的事實(shí)，所以本文的寫作風(fēng)格是新聞報(bào)道。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Herreporttitled“Ihaveadream”deliveredatthemeetingmadeherdreamofbuildingafreeall-girlshighschoolknowntoall.”（她在會(huì)上發(fā)表了題為《我有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想》的報(bào)告，使她建立免費(fèi)女子高中的夢(mèng)想廣為人知。）可知，張桂梅的夢(mèng)想是建立一所免費(fèi)的女子高中，故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Shehasdonatedallhercashawards,donationsfromothers,andmostofhersalaries,morethanamillionyuan,tothechildrenandotherpeopleinneed.Shesuffersfrom23diseases,butsheisstillworkingselflessly.”（她把自己所有的現(xiàn)金獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)、他人的捐款以及自己的大部分工資(100多萬(wàn)元)都捐給了孩子和其他需要幫助的人。她患有23種疾病，但她仍然無(wú)私地工作。）可知，張桂梅對(duì)于教育事業(yè)無(wú)私奉獻(xiàn)自己，所以她是一個(gè)燃燒自己以照亮他人的道德模范。故選B項(xiàng)。B“Wholovespizza?”isaquestionyoualmostneverhavetoanAmerican.Abetterquestionmightbe“Whodoesn’tlovepizza?”Now,there’saplaceforallpizzaloverstogather:theMuseumofPizza.ItcanbefoundinAmerica’spizzacapital—AcompanycalledNamelessNetworkcameupwiththeideaforthemuseum,knownas“MoPi”forshort.“It’softenthatthesimplestideasarethebest.Thecompanyusedthepopularityofpizzaasawaytogetpeople“l(fā)ookingatartandhearingabouthistoryinadifferentway,”saidAlexandraSerio,whoiswithNamelessNetwork.Manykindsofartistswereaskedtocreateartworksaboutpizza.They,inturn,providedlargephotographs,sculpturesandhugeinstallations.Sofar,themuseumhashadlotsofvisitors.Morethan6,000peoplecamethroughthedoorwhenitopenedthismonth.VisitorsseemtoloveMoPi’sbrightcolors,whichmakesitperfectfortakingselfiesandotherphotographsforsocialmedia.NeneRaye,fromNewJersey,wasarecentvisitor.Rayedidn’texpecttoseewhatshesaw—andshewashappyaboutthat.“Honestly,Ithoughtitwouldbe,like,moreofatraditionalmuseum,”Shesaid.Butinstead,Rayegotsomeofeverything.“SoYougetalittlebitofeducationandthensomefun,whichIlove,”shesaid.LydiaMelendezmadeplanstovisitthepizzamuseuminApril.Forher,theexperiencewasworththewait.“Ithoughtitwasgoingtobekindofboring,”shesaid.Shehadimaginedwalkinginandfindingbooksonhowtomakepizza.Butshewasverypleasedwhenheractualexperiencewasdifferentthanwhatshehadimagined.Whilepizzamaybewhathascapturedtheinterestofcrowds,thepointoftheMuseumhasbeentohelppeopleexposedtofineartsworld.4.What’sthefunctionofthetwoquestionsinthefirstparagraph?A.TomakeacomparisonB.Tointroducethetopic—theMuseumofC.ToinformpeopleofthepopularityofPizza.D.Toadvertisethefood.5.WhatdoweknowabouttheMuseumofA.TheMuseumtookadvantageofthelonghistoryofPizzatoattractvisitors.B.TheMuseumreceivedover6000visitorsduringthefirsttwomonths.C.BothNeneRayeandLydiaMelendezdidn’texpecttheMuseumtobesodifferent.D.TheMuseumisappealinginthatitcombineseducationandfun.6.What’sthepurposeofthemuseum?A.TomakeartavailabletopeopleB.TodrawattractionandearnmoremoneyC.Tochangepeople’sattitudetomuseumsD.Toenrichcitypeople’sdailylife.7.What’sthebesttitleforthepassage?A.Bored?GoToTheMuseumOfB.PizzaC.TheHookOfTheMuseum.D.SimplicityHasItsPower【答案】4.B5.D6.A7.B【解析】【分析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了紐約的披薩博物館，它將披薩的受歡迎度作為一種方式來(lái)吸引人們以不同的方式關(guān)注藝術(shù)并傾聽歷史。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Now,there’saplaceforallpizzaloverstogather:theMuseumofPizza.（現(xiàn)在，所有披薩愛(ài)好者都可以聚集在一個(gè)地方:披薩博物館。）”可知，作者以兩個(gè)看似同樣的問(wèn)題開頭，作用是引入披薩博物館這一話題。故選B項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段倒數(shù)第三句“They,inturn,providedlargephotographs,sculpturesandhugeinstallations.（他們反過(guò)來(lái)提供了大型照片、雕塑和大型裝置。）”和第三段“VisitorsseemtoloveMoPi’sbrightcolors,whichmakesitperfectfortakingselfiesandotherphotographsforsocialmedia.（游客們似乎喜歡MoPi的明亮顏色，這使得它非常適合自拍和其他社交媒體照片。）”以及第四段最后一句““SoYougetalittlebitofeducationandthensomefun,whichIlove,”shesaid.（她說(shuō):“你可以得到一點(diǎn)教育，然后得到一些樂(lè)趣，這是我喜歡的?！保笨芍?，博物館不僅有各種各樣的藝術(shù)品，而且還可以拍各種照片，使到訪者可以在學(xué)到知識(shí)的同時(shí)玩得開心，因此博物館的吸引力在于它結(jié)合了教育和樂(lè)趣。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容“Whilepizzamaybewhathascapturedtheinterestofcrowds,thepointoftheMuseumhasbeentohelppeopleexposedtofineartsworld.（雖然披薩可能是吸引人們興趣的東西，但博物館的目的是幫助人們接觸藝術(shù)界。）”可知，建比薩博物館主要是為了幫助人們接觸藝術(shù)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段第三句“Now,there’saplaceforallpizzaloverstogather:theMuseumofPizza.（現(xiàn)在，所有披薩愛(ài)好者都可以聚集在一個(gè)地方:披薩博物館。）”以及根據(jù)第二段第三句“Thecompanyusedthepopularityofpizzaasawaytogetpeople“l(fā)ookingatartandhearingabouthistoryinadifferentway,”saidAlexandraSerio,whoiswithNamelessNetwork.（來(lái)自無(wú)名網(wǎng)絡(luò)（NamelessNetwork）的亞歷山德拉·塞里奧(AlexandraSerio)說(shuō)，該公司利用披薩的受歡迎程度，讓人們“以一種不同的方式看待藝術(shù)，聆聽歷史”。）”可知，披薩博物館是利用披薩的受歡迎程度，讓人們以一種不同的方式看待藝術(shù)，聆聽歷史。因此，B項(xiàng)標(biāo)題“PizzaMuseumServesUp“Tasty”Art.（披薩博物館展示“美味”藝術(shù)。）”既能吸引讀者，又能涵蓋文章主題。故選B項(xiàng)。CIntheAmazonrainforest,whichishometovariouskindsofwildlife,anAmericanbiologisthasdiscoveredastrangenewspeciesofant,TheTimesreported.Ithasnoeyesandgetsapalebodyanditsfanglikemouthpartsarelongerthantherestofitshead.Ifyoucameacrossthepeculiarant,youmightthinkthatitbelongsonanotherplanet.Evenitsname—MartialisHeureka—playfullysuggeststhatitcamefromMars.Andthisdiscoveryisforcingresearcherstorethinkwhattheyknowaboutthehistoryofantsonourplanet.ChristianRabeling,fromtheUniversityofTexasatAustin,discoveredthenewspeciesamidthefallenleavesoftherainforest.Buthedidmorethanjustnoticehowbizarretheantlooks.Healsoanalyzeditsgeneticmaterial,orDNA.ComparingDNAamongspeciescangivescientistsinsightsintofamilytrees:ThemoreDNAtwospeciesshareincommon,themorecloselyrelatedtheyare,andthemorerecentlytheysplitofffromancestor.Rabeling’sDNAanalysisofMartialisHeurekashowedthatthespeciesisonlydistantlyrelatedtootherantspecies.It’ssodistantthatitactuallybelonginginaseparatesubfamily.Thelastminutescientistsfoundanewsubfamilyoflivingantswasin1923,saythediscoverers.TheDNAanalysisalsosuggestedthatMartialisHeurekaappearedonearthearlierthananyotheranlivingheretoday.Andobservationssuggestthattheantlivesundergound,palenessandblindnessaretwomajorclues.Someoftheotheroldestknownantspeciesalsoliveunderground.Sonow,scientistsaretryingtofigureoutwhetherantsfirstevolvedunderground,oriftheyevolvedabovegroundandthenwentunder.AfewotherantspecieshaveatleastoneofMartialisHeureka’soddfeatures,butnonesharethemall.Sofar,Rabelinghascollectedonlyoneantfromthenewspecies.Findingmorespecimens,hehopes,willhelpusbetterunderstandthescienceandhistoryofantsonearth.8.Theunderlinedword“bizarre”inparagraph3isclosestinmeaningto________.A.funny B.peculiarC.unique D.distinct9.WhatdidthescientistsfindaboutMartialisHeureka?A.It’scloselyrelatedtootherantspecies.B.Itisthefirstanttoappearonearth.C.Itlivesundergroundwhereitfirstdeveloped.D.Blindnessandlightcolorindicatesitlivesunderground.10.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A.MartialisHeurekawasfoundbyaccident.B.Muchistobedonetocollectmoreants.C.Littleknownabouttheanthistory.D.Moreantsfromthenewspeciesareneeded【答案】8.B9.B10.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，主要介紹的是一種名叫MartialisHeureka的奇怪的螞蟻新物種?！?題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第一段的“Ithasnoeyesandgetsapalebodyanditsfanglikemouthpartsarelongerthantherestofitshead.（它沒(méi)有眼睛，身體蒼白，它尖牙般的口器比它頭部的其他部分還要長(zhǎng)。）”可知，這種螞蟻看起來(lái)很奇怪，因此劃線詞所在的句子句意是“但他不僅僅注意到了螞蟻看起來(lái)有多奇怪?！?，劃線詞的意思是“奇怪的”，即peculiar，故選B?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的“TheDNAanalysisalsosuggestedthatMartialisHeurekaappearedonearthearlierthananyotheranlivingheretoday.（DNA分析還表明，MartialisHeureka出現(xiàn)在地球上的時(shí)間比今天任何其他生物都要早。）”可知，關(guān)于MartialisHeureka，科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了它是地球上出現(xiàn)的第一只螞蟻。故選B?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的“Findingmorespecimens,hehopes,willhelpusbetterunderstandthescienceandhistoryofantsonearth.（他希望發(fā)現(xiàn)更多的標(biāo)本能幫助我們更好地理解地球上螞蟻的科學(xué)和歷史。）”可以推斷出我們需要更多新物種的螞蟻，故選D。第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Nappingisacommonhabitformanyofus.___11___Forexample,itcanimprovememoryandcreativity.However,itcanalsohavenegativeeffectsifdoneinthewrongway.Theidealnaplength,accordingtoscientists,is20to25minutes.Anylongerandyou'llfallintoadeepersleepcycle,whichlastsforabout90minutes.___12___Thereisatermforthisshort,effectivenap:apowernap.Itisashortsleepof20minutesorlesswhichendsbeforetheoccurrenceofdeepslow-wavesleep,intendedtoquicklyrefreshthenapper.___13___SalvadorDalioutlinedtipsfortheone-secondmicro-nap,includingsittingupright,keyinhandandupturnedplatebeneath.Onceasleep,thekeywilldropandtheensuingclangensuresinstantrevival.___14___Exceptionstothisincludeessentialnapswhensick,whichareoftenlongerbecauseourbodiesrequiremoresleepwhendealingwithanillness.___15___Thisisbecausechildrenhaveahighersleeprequirementthanadults.A.Infact,manycelebritiesinhistoryarepowernappers.B.Nappingbringsusbothpositiveandnegativeeffects.C.Takeanapbetween1:00and2:30insteadof3:00or4:00p.m.D.AlbertEinsteindeployedasimilartechniqueusingapencilinsteadofakey.E.Nappinghasmanybenefits.F.Also,fulfillmentnapsinchildrenshouldnotbelimitedto20minutes.G.Thismeanswhenyouwakeupyouwillexperience“sleepinertia”(睡眠惰性).【答案】11.E12.G13.A14.D15.F【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了理想的午睡時(shí)間?！?1題詳解】本空位于段中。作者在本空后舉例說(shuō)午睡能提高記憶力和創(chuàng)造力，且空處應(yīng)該起著承上啟下的作用。E項(xiàng)Nappinghasmanybenefits.（午睡有很多好處）切題。故選E?！?2題詳解】本空位于段尾。空前講了睡得時(shí)間長(zhǎng)了，容易進(jìn)入持續(xù)90分鐘的深睡眠階段。G項(xiàng)Thismeanswhenyouwakeupyouwillexperience“sleepinertia”(睡眠惰性).（這意味著如果從此階段醒來(lái)的話，很多時(shí)候會(huì)感覺(jué)郁郁寡歡、無(wú)精打采）切題。故選G?！?3題詳解】本空位于段首。本段以薩爾瓦多?達(dá)利和愛(ài)因斯坦午后小睡的方法為例，說(shuō)明他們都是powernappers。A項(xiàng)Infact,manycelebritiesinhistoryarepowernappers.（事實(shí)上歷史上很多名人都是有效午睡者）切題。故選A?！?4題詳解】本空位于段尾。空前講了薩爾瓦多?達(dá)利筆直坐著，手里拿一把鑰匙，下面放一個(gè)倒置的盤子，這樣一旦睡著，鑰匙就會(huì)落下，伴隨著“?！钡囊宦暎司蜁?huì)很快醒過(guò)來(lái)。由此可知B項(xiàng)Nappingbringsusbothpositiveandnegativeeffects.（愛(ài)因斯坦也使用過(guò)相同的技巧，不過(guò)是用鉛筆來(lái)代替鑰匙）切題。故選D?！?5題詳解】本空位于段中?？崭袂懊嬲劦剑哼@種短時(shí)間午睡的情況也有例外，比如對(duì)于生病的人來(lái)說(shuō)，可能需要更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的午睡?？蘸笳劦剑哼@是因?yàn)閷?duì)于兒童來(lái)說(shuō)，可能需要更長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的午睡才能讓自己恢復(fù)精力。F項(xiàng)Also,fulfillmentnapsinchildrenshouldnotbelimitedto20minutes.（此外，滿足性午睡不應(yīng)該限制在20分鐘）切題。該項(xiàng)起承上啟下的作用。故選F。第三部分∶語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題;每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。IgrewupinsuburbanPittsburghwithmymotherand3youngersiblings.Mymomwasasinglemotherand___16___aminimumwagejob,soweneverhadmuch,butThatwasOK,wemade___17___meetanyhow.InHighSchool,Igotajobatalocalbakerandstaredsavingmoneyforcollege.Iwas___18___intotheUniversityofPittsburghandreceivedsomescholarshipsthat___19___mytuition.Icouldn’taffordthe___20___becauseitwasmuchtoexpensiveforme.Iputamattress(床墊)ontheflooroftheoldvanTheweatherinPittsburghwas___21___.Superhotandhumidinsummerandfreezingcoldandsnowyinwinter.Beinghomelessforcedmetotake___22___ofeverythingthecampushadtooffersinceIwantedtospendas___23___timeinmyvanaspossible.I___24___spendingmostofmytimethroughouttheweekatthe____25____studyingandreviewingclassroommaterialalotmorethanIwouldhaveifIhadthe____26____ingoinghomeand____27____theTVorfallingasleepforhoursinmyroom.Thisreallyhelpedme____28____theclassroom.Ialsomadealotofnewfriendsbymeetingpeople____29____,attendingspeeches,playsandcharities.BeforecollegeIwouldhaveconsideredmyself____30____,Ididn’treallyspeakmuch____31____spokento,butImovedoutofmycomfort____32____anddidnewthings.Ireallydevelopedan(a)____33____personality.Ireallythinkthathavingtodealwithallthestruggles____34____Ihadtogothroughreallymademeintoabetterperson.NowIhavegotareallygoodjobandI’ve____35____beenabletohelpmymotheroutalittlebit.Ijustfeelsgood!16.A.worked B.sought C.offered D.refused17A.points B.days C.wages D.ends18.A.entered B.recommended C.admitted D.recognized19.A.paid B.covered C.earned D.assisted20.A.meal B.housing C.transport D.clothing21.A.pleasant B.awful C.mild D.changeable22.A.note B.use C.charge D.advantage23.A.more B.less C.little D.much24.A.stayedup B.endedup C.gotup D.tookup25.A.library B.van C.dormitory D.park26.A.luxury B.comfort C.time D.desire27.A.puttingup B.takingon C.turningup D.switchingon28.A.exist B.fade C.excel D.leap29.A.personally B.economically C.socially D.academically30.A.shy B.easy-going C.aggressive D.talkative31.A.since B.once C.if D.unless32.A.zone B.home C.area D.circle33.A.peculiar B.outgoing C.gentle D.odd34.A.which B.that C.what D.as35.A.even B.still C.almost D.never【答案】16.A17.D18.C19.B20.B21.B22.D23.C24.B25.A26.A27.D28.C29.C30.A31.D32.A33.B34.B35.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者因?yàn)榧揖池毢诟咧袝r(shí)就通過(guò)打工掙大學(xué)學(xué)費(fèi)。大學(xué)時(shí)雖然有一筆獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，但仍然不夠支付住宿費(fèi)。她選擇住在大篷車?yán)?。她克服種種困難，刻苦學(xué)習(xí)，積極鍛煉，最終有了回報(bào)。作者認(rèn)為，經(jīng)歷那些不得不經(jīng)歷的折磨，讓作者成為了一個(gè)更好的人?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽是單親媽媽，拿的是最低工資，所以我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有多少錢，不過(guò)沒(méi)關(guān)系，我們還是能維持生計(jì)。A.worked工作；B.sought尋找；C.offered提供；D.refused拒絕。workajob工作；干活。根據(jù)“soweneverhadmuch,”可知，作者母親是一個(gè)單親媽媽，干活（work）只能掙到極少的錢。故選A?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽是單親媽媽，拿的是最低工資，所以我們從來(lái)沒(méi)有多少錢，不過(guò)沒(méi)關(guān)系，我們還是能維持生計(jì)。A.points見(jiàn)解；B.days天；C.wages工資；D.ends結(jié)束。makeendsmeet收支相抵；勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。根據(jù)“butThatwasOK,”可知，無(wú)論如何我們總算勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)，能夠撐起這個(gè)家。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我被匹茲堡大學(xué)錄取了，并獲得了足以支付我學(xué)費(fèi)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。A.entered進(jìn)入；B.recommended推薦；C.admitted承認(rèn)，錄??；D.recognized認(rèn)出。beadmittedinto被錄取。根據(jù)“intotheUniversityofPittsburghandreceivedsomescholarships”可知，作者被圣彼得堡大學(xué)錄?。╝dmitted）。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我被匹茲堡大學(xué)錄取了，并獲得了足以支付我學(xué)費(fèi)的獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。A.paid支付；B.covered包括，覆蓋；C.earned掙得；D.assisted援助。根據(jù)“andreceivedsomescholarships”可知，作者得到一些獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金，足夠支付（cover）我的學(xué)費(fèi)。故選B?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我買不起房子，因?yàn)樗鼘?duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)太貴了。A.meal一餐；B.housing房屋；C.transport運(yùn)輸；D.clothing衣服。根據(jù)“becauseitwasmuchtooexpensiveforme.”和“Iputamattress(床墊)ontheflooroftheoldvan（旅行拖車）frommyhomeandsleptthereforthenext2years.”可知，作者買不起房子。故選B。21題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：匹茲堡的天氣很糟糕。A.pleasant令人愉快的；B.awful糟糕的；C.mild溫和的；D.changeable易變的。根據(jù)“Superhotandhumidinsummerandfreezingcoldandsnowyinwinter.”可知，此處指天氣很糟糕（awful）。故選B?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：無(wú)家可歸迫使我利用校園提供的一切，因?yàn)槲蚁朐谖业能嚴(yán)锉M可能少呆些時(shí)間。A.note便條，筆記；B.use使用；C.charge費(fèi)用；D.advantage優(yōu)勢(shì)。固定短語(yǔ)：takeadvantageof趁機(jī)利用。根據(jù)“sinceIwantedtospendas___8___timeinmyvanaspossible.”可知，作者盡量利用校園提供的一切。故選D。【23題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：無(wú)家可歸迫使我利用校園提供的一切，因?yàn)槲蚁朐谖业能嚴(yán)锉M可能少呆些時(shí)間。A.more更多；B.less更少；C.little極少；D.much大量的。根據(jù)“Beinghomelessforcedmetotake___7___ofeverythingthecampushadtooffer”可知，作者希望自己呆在車?yán)锏臅r(shí)間越少（little）越好。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我最后花了一周的大部分時(shí)間在圖書館學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)課堂資料，這比我回到家打開電視或在房間里睡上幾個(gè)小時(shí)奢侈得多。A.stayedup熬夜；B.endedup結(jié)束；C.gotup起床；D.tookup拿起。根據(jù)“spendingmostofmytimethroughouttheweek”可知，結(jié)果（endedup），作者一周中的大部分時(shí)間都是呆在圖書館。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我最后花了一周的大部分時(shí)間在圖書館學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)課堂資料，這比我回到家打開電視或在房間里睡上幾個(gè)小時(shí)奢侈得多。A.library圖書館；B.van小型貨車；C.dormitory宿舍；D.park公園。根據(jù)“studyingandreviewingclassroommaterialalot”可知，此處指作者一周中的大部分時(shí)間都是呆在圖書館（library）。故選A。【26題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我最后花了一周的大部分時(shí)間在圖書館學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)課堂資料，這比我回到家打開電視或在房間里睡上幾個(gè)小時(shí)奢侈得多。A.luxury奢侈；B.comfort安慰；C.time時(shí)間；D.desire欲望。根據(jù)“Beinghomelessforcedmetotake___7___ofeverythingthecampushadtooffersinceIwantedtospendas___8___timeinmyvanaspossible.”可知，因?yàn)樽髡邿o(wú)家可歸，所以呆在圖書館里覺(jué)得很奢侈。故選A。【27題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：我最后花了一周的大部分時(shí)間在圖書館學(xué)習(xí)和復(fù)習(xí)課堂資料，這比我回到家打開電視或在房間里睡上幾個(gè)小時(shí)奢侈得多。A.puttingup建造，舉起；B.takingon承擔(dān)；C.turningup出現(xiàn)；D.switchingon打開。根據(jù)“theTVorfallingasleepforhoursinmyroom.”可知，此處指打開電視（switchingon）。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這真的幫助我在課堂上表現(xiàn)出色。A.exist存在；B.fade逐漸消失；C.excel超過(guò)；D.leap猛沖。根據(jù)“I___9___spendingmostofmytimethroughouttheweekatthe___10___studyingandreviewingclassroommaterialalot”可知，作者大多數(shù)時(shí)間在圖書館學(xué)習(xí)，使得他在全班同學(xué)中名列前茅（excel）。故選C?！?9題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我還結(jié)交了很多新朋友，結(jié)識(shí)了很多社交人士，參加了演講、戲劇和慈善活動(dòng)。A.personally親自地；B.economically經(jīng)濟(jì)地；C.socially在社會(huì)上；D.academically學(xué)術(shù)上。根據(jù)“attendingspeeches,playsandcharities.”可知，此處指參加了許多社交（socially）活動(dòng)。故選C。【30題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在上大學(xué)之前，我可能會(huì)認(rèn)為自己很害羞，除非有人跟我說(shuō)話，否則我不會(huì)說(shuō)太多話，但我離開了自己的舒適區(qū)，做一些新的事情。A.shy害羞的；B.easy-going隨和的；C.aggressive好斗的；D.talkative健談的。根據(jù)“Ididn’treallyspeakmuch___16___spokento,”可知，作者認(rèn)為自己性格內(nèi)向（shy）。故選A。【31題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：在上大學(xué)之前，我可能會(huì)認(rèn)為自己很害羞，除非有人跟我說(shuō)話，否則我不會(huì)說(shuō)太多話，但我離開了自己的舒適區(qū)，做一些新的事情。A.since自從……以來(lái)；B.once一旦；C.if是否；D.unless除非。根據(jù)“Ididn’treallyspeakmuch”可知，作者不喜言談，除非（unless）別人向開口找我說(shuō)話。此處是unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在上大學(xué)之前，我可能會(huì)認(rèn)為自己很害羞，除非有人跟我說(shuō)話，否則我不會(huì)說(shuō)太多話，但我離開了自己的舒適區(qū)，做一些新的事情。A.zone地帶；B.home家；C.area地區(qū)；D.circle圈子。根據(jù)“didnewthings.””可知，作者離開自己的舒適區(qū)（zone），克服了害羞，開始做一些新的事情。故選A。【33題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我真的養(yǎng)成了外向的性格。A.peculiar奇怪的；B.outgoing外向的；C.gentle溫和的；D.odd奇怪的。根據(jù)“Ididn’treallyspeakmuch___16___spokento,butImovedoutofmycomfort___17___anddidnewthings.”可知，作者克服了害羞，漸漸養(yǎng)成了外向的性格。故選B?！?4題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：我真的認(rèn)為，處理我經(jīng)歷的所有掙扎真的讓我變成了一個(gè)更好的人。句中先行詞為struggle，且被all修飾，在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以用關(guān)系代詞that引導(dǎo)。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：現(xiàn)在我有了一份非常好的工作，我甚至還能幫到我媽媽一點(diǎn)忙。A.even甚至；B.still仍然；C.almost幾乎；D.never從來(lái)沒(méi)有。根據(jù)“Ihavegotareallygoodjob”可知，作者力所能及甚至（even）能夠幫助母親了。故選A。第Ⅱ卷（非選擇題共55分）第三部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第二節(jié)（共10小題;每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Notlongago,anarticle,entitledOneDayInSpacebyChina’sfirsttaikonautYangLiwei,wasincludedintheChinesetextbook.Reading____36____article,manypeopleare____37____(true)astonishedatYang’scourage.Yangwas38whenhemadethetriptospaceonOct.15,2003,____38____(make)Chinathethirdcountry-aftertheUSandRussia-____39____(master)mannedspacecapabilities.Inhisarticle,Yangrecalledseveralbreathtakingmoment____40____backalive.Whenanincidenthappened,thepaingrew____41____(bear).Thenear-deadlymomentlastedfor26seconds____42____itwasfinallyover.Yangalsodescribedwhattheearth,hiscountry,andhiscitylookedlikefromspace.SinceYang’sfirsttriptospace,anumberoftechnologies____43____(apply)tothespacecraft,includingspaceWi-Fi,Bluetooth,smarthomeapplications,and____44____(variety)ofspacefoods.JustasYangput____45____,he“envied”alotthathisfellowspacemenhavesuchcomfortablespaceaccommodations,whichshowshowChina’sspaceprogramhasgrown.【答案】36.the37.truly38.making39.tomaster40.when41.unbearable42.before43.havebeenapplied44.varieties45.it【解析】【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了宇航員楊利偉在他的文章中回憶火箭發(fā)射時(shí)，宇航員所承受的壓力以及他在太空中的感受?！?6題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：很多人看到文章后，都對(duì)楊某的勇氣感到驚訝。根據(jù)上句“Notlongago,anarticle,entitledOneDayInSpace…”可知，設(shè)空處表示特指上文提到的文章，應(yīng)用定冠詞，故填the。【37題詳解】考查副詞。句意同上。設(shè)空處后為形容詞，副詞修飾形容詞。故填truly。【38題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：2003年10月15日，38歲的楊利偉進(jìn)行了太空之旅，這使中國(guó)成為繼美國(guó)和俄羅斯之后第三個(gè)掌握載人航天能力的國(guó)家。結(jié)合上句“Yangwas38whenhemadethetriptospaceonOct.15,2003”可知，此處與前文描述的事情是邏輯主動(dòng)關(guān)系，且表示一種順承的結(jié)果，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞，作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。故填making?！?9題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意同上。當(dāng)名詞被序數(shù)詞修飾時(shí)，且該名詞是非謂語(yǔ)形式表示的動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，應(yīng)用不定式的主動(dòng)形式，作后置定語(yǔ)。故填tomaster?！?0題詳解】考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：楊在他的文章中回憶了他活著回來(lái)時(shí)的幾個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的時(shí)刻。此處考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的省略現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致，且從句中含有be時(shí)，可以省略從句的主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞。故填when?！?1題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：當(dāng)事件發(fā)生時(shí)，痛苦變得無(wú)法忍受。設(shè)空處前為grow，在句中作系動(dòng)詞，故設(shè)空處在句中作表語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用形容詞形式，結(jié)合句意，此處表示“難以忍受的”，故填unbearable?！?2題詳解】考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：這個(gè)幾乎致命的時(shí)刻持續(xù)了26秒才結(jié)束。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)從句在句中作狀語(yǔ)。結(jié)合句意，表示“在……之前”，應(yīng)用before。故填before?！?3題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)及語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：自從楊利偉首次太空之旅以來(lái)，太空飛船上已經(jīng)應(yīng)用了許多技術(shù)，包括太空Wi-Fi、藍(lán)牙、智能家居應(yīng)用程序和各種太空食品。設(shè)空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，結(jié)合時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“SinceYang’sfirsttriptospace”可知，主句的時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。主語(yǔ)為anumberoftechnologies和句子的謂語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，結(jié)合主謂一致，謂語(yǔ)應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填havebeenapplied。【44題詳解】考查名詞。句意同上。固定短語(yǔ)varietiesof“各種各樣的”。故填varieties。【45題詳解】考查it作形式賓語(yǔ)。句意：正如楊利偉所說(shuō)，他非常羨慕他的同伴們擁有如此舒適的空間設(shè)施，這表明中國(guó)的太空計(jì)劃正在發(fā)展。設(shè)空處在句中作賓語(yǔ)，it在句中作形式主語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)為“he“envied”alotthathisfellowspacemenhavesuchcomfortablespaceaccommodations,whichshowshowChina’sspaceprogramhasgrown.”。故填it。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)應(yīng)用文寫作（滿分15分）46.自7月24日國(guó)家頒布雙減政策以來(lái)，節(jié)假日校外培訓(xùn)紛紛停止。與此同時(shí)，91.你的觀點(diǎn)2.陳述理由3.結(jié)論注意：1.詞數(shù)：80左右2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫?！敬鸢浮縋ossibleversion1:Idon'tthinkweshouldattendclassesatweekends.Herearemyreasons.First,weareoccupiedinheavyschoolworkonweekdaysandweneedweekendstorelaxourselves.Otherwise,wewillbeexhausted,whichdoesharmtoourphysicalfitness.Besides,havinglessonsonweekendswillincreasethepressureonusbothacademicallyandpsychologically,whichisagainstthegovernment’seffortstoeasetheburdenofexcessivehomeworkandimprovestudents’all-roundquality.Last,itisnotconducivetocultivatingstudents'autonomouslearninghabits.Tosumup,thelossesoutweighthegains.Possibleversion2:PersonallyIaminfavorofhavinglessonsatweekends.First,studyingtogetherwithclassmatesismoreefficientthanlearningalone.Wecandiscussthedifficultproblemsandworkthemout.Wecanalsoturntoteacherswhenwehavequestions.Second,havinglessonsatweekendsbenefitsthestudentslikeme.Inmycase,Iamapersonwholacksself-discipline,andmyparentsaretoobusytoaffordtimetobewithme.Asaresult,I’llprobablyindulgeintheInternetathomeatweekends.Sobalancingtheprosandcons,Iamforit.【解析】【分析】本篇書面表達(dá)屬于開放性作文，要求考生就“Shouldhighschoolstudentshavelessonsatweekends?”帖子回帖，發(fā)表自己的看法?！驹斀狻?.詞匯積累贊成：infavorof→subscribeto困難的：difficult→tough缺乏：lack→beshortof因此：asaresult→asa