廣東省深圳市某中學(xué)2025屆高三下學(xué)期第三次模擬測試英語試題（解析版）

高級中學(xué)名校試卷PAGEPAGE1廣東省深圳市某中學(xué)2025屆高三下學(xué)期第三次模擬測試英語試題第Ⅰ卷（本卷共計(jì)65分）第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ASetBoundaries,FindPeaceByNedraGloverTawwabDescriptionTheinstantNewYorkTimesbestseller.Endthestruggle,speakupforwhatyouneed,andexperiencethefreedomofbeingtrulyyourself.Healthyboundaries.Weallknowweshouldhavetheminordertoachievework&lifebalance,dealwithnegativepeople,andenjoyrewardingrelationshipswithpartners,friends,andfamily.Butwhatdo“healthyboundaries”reallymean—andhowcanwesuccessfullyexpressourneeds,say“no,”andbedecisivewithoutoffendingothers?Licensedconsultant,sought-afterrelationshipexpert,andoneofthemostinfluentialtherapistsonInstagram,NedraGloverTawwabclarifiesthiscomplextopicfortoday’sworld.Inarelatableandinclusivetone,SetBoundaries,FindPeacepresentssimple-yet-powerfulwaystosethealthyboundariesinallaspectsoflife.Rootedinthelatestresearchandbestpracticesusedincognitive(認(rèn)知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT),thesetechniqueshelpusidentifyandexpressourneedsclearlyandwithoutapology—anduncoverarootproblembehindcodependency,powerstruggles,anxiety,depression,burnout,andmore.Editorialreviews“SetBoundaries,FindPeaceisadown-to-earthguideonfullyrealizingyourpotentialandgivingyourselfthefreedomyoudeservebyclearlysettinghealthyboundariesinyourpersonalandprofessionallife,friendships,andrelationships.Eye-openingandthoroughlyengaging.”—MyleikTeele,CURLBOXfounder“Ifyouwantthemostcomprehensive,relevant,andrelatableguidetosettingboundaries,speakingyourneeds,andlivingamorepeacefullife,NedraTawwab’sbookonboundariesisforyou.”—SheleanaAiyana,founderofRisingWoman1.Whatdoesthebookfocuson?A.Solutionstoemotionalproblems. B.Examplesofunhealthylifestyles.C.Stepsofremovingnegativethoughts. D.Methodsofestablishinghealthyboundaries.2.WhatdoesMyleikTeelethinkofthebook?A.Poetic. B.Comprehensive. C.Practical. D.Humorous.3.Howmanyhardcovercopiesattheleastguaranteeafreedelivery?A.One. B.Two. C.Three. D.Four.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了《SetBoundaries,FindPeace》，這是一本關(guān)于如何設(shè)定健康界限、實(shí)現(xiàn)內(nèi)心平靜的實(shí)用指南?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Inarelatableandinclusivetone,SetBoundaries,FindPeacepresentssimple-yet-powerfulwaystosethealthyboundariesinallaspectsoflife.(在一個(gè)相關(guān)的和包容的基調(diào)，設(shè)定界限，找到和平提供了簡單而有力的方法，在生活的各個(gè)方面設(shè)定健康的界限)”可知，這本書的重點(diǎn)是提供建立健康界限的方法。故選D?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段“SetBoundaries,FindPeaceisadown-to-earthguideonfullyrealizingyourpotentialandgivingyourselfthefreedomyoudeservebyclearlysettinghealthyboundariesinyourpersonalandprofessionallife,friendships,andrelationships.(《設(shè)定界限，找到平靜》是一本腳踏實(shí)地的指南，通過在個(gè)人生活、職業(yè)生活、友誼和人際關(guān)系中明確設(shè)定健康的界限，讓你充分發(fā)揮自己的潛力，給自己應(yīng)得的自由)”可知，MyleikTeele認(rèn)為這是一本腳踏實(shí)地的指南，即這本書很實(shí)用。故選C?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)圖片上的信息顯示，精裝版的優(yōu)惠后價(jià)格是19.42美元，亞馬遜免費(fèi)配的消費(fèi)額度是35美元以上，因此，至少兩本精裝版的價(jià)格，即19.42*2=38.54美元，才能達(dá)到免費(fèi)配送的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。故選B。BWhenIteachyoga,Iusuallyannounce“Phonesoffandatthebackoftheroom”atthebeginningofclass.Recently,Iforgotandhadtowhispertoastudenttextingduringclasstoturnoffherphone.Shelookeddispleasedbutdidso.Buttwodayslater,inanotherclass,Imetwithresistancefromayoungwomanwhocompletelyrefused.“ButI’moncall.Imighthavetojumpupandrunoutofclass.”“Thenmaybethisisn’tthebestplaceforyoutobetonight.”Thatresponsegotmeanangryandunfriendlylook.Butwhenshecamebackthenextweek,therewasnophoneandshewasmuchmorepresent.PresentiswhatI’maskingmystudentstobe.Presenttothemselvesandtheiryogaexperience.Youcannotbepresenttoyogaifyouaretextingoremailingoranxiouslyawaitingacall.Andneithercananyonearoundyou.Definitely,ifonephoneisout,manypairsofeyesaredrawntoit.Andthenotherphonesstarttoappear.Forgetthefactthatyou’remissingtheclassyoupaidfor;you’reatriskoflosingyourbalanceandhurtingyourselforsomeoneelseduetoinattention,ordisturbingsomeoneelse’smomentofpeaceandstillnesswiththeclickingofyourkeys.Soplease,doyourselfandeveryonearoundyou,thisteacherincluded,afavorandturnyourphoneoffandputitawaybeforeyouunrollyouryogamat.Ifyoutrulyareoncall,thinkhardbeforeyoucometoclass.Bepresentforyourself,whereveryouneedtobe.4.Howdoestheauthorintroducehertopic?A.Bygivingexamples. B.Bymakingcomparison.C.Bypresentingtheprocess. D.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.5.Whywastheyoungwomanangrywiththeauthor?A.Shefelttheauthorwasrude. B.Shethoughtshewasreasonable.C.Shebelievedshewasdiscriminated. D.Shefoundtheyogaclasswasnotinteresting.6.Whichisaprobableresultofusingphonesinyogaclass?A.Relaxingyourself. B.Disturbingothers.C.Achievingwork-lifebalance. D.Gettingothers’admiration.7.What’stheauthor’spurposeofwritingthistext?A.Toexplainherrelationshipwithstudents.B.Todescribethesituationofheryogaclass.C.Toshowheropinionaboutusingmobilephones.D.Tostresstheimportanceofbeingattentiveinyogaclass.【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.D【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議的文章。主要通過一位女性拒絕瑜伽課關(guān)閉手機(jī)的事情介紹話題present，強(qiáng)調(diào)了瑜伽課上專心的重要性，不受手機(jī)影響，抓住正在發(fā)生的當(dāng)前?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。由文中第一段“WhenIteachyoga(瑜伽),Iusuallyannounce“Phonesoffandatthebackoftheroom”atthebeginningofclass.Recently,Iforgotandhadtowhispertoastudenttextingduringclasstoturnoffherphone…(當(dāng)我教瑜伽時(shí)，我通常會(huì)在上課開始時(shí)宣布“在教室后部放下電話”。最近，我忘記了，不得不在上課時(shí)向?qū)W生發(fā)短信以關(guān)閉手機(jī)。她看上去很不高興，但確實(shí)如此。但是兩天后，在另一堂課上，我遭到了一位完全拒絕的年輕女子的抵制)”可知，作者開篇通過一件具體的事件來呈現(xiàn)話題，即舉例子。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Buttwodayslater,inanotherclass,Imetwithresistancefromayoungwomanwhocompletelyrefused.(但兩天后，在另一節(jié)課上，我遇到了一位年輕女士的抵制，她完全拒絕了)”以及第二段“ButI’moncall.Imighthavetojumpupandrunoutofclass.(我在打電話，而且我必須跳起來跑出教室了)”可知，作者強(qiáng)調(diào)在瑜伽課上關(guān)閉手機(jī)被這位女性拒絕，她回答自己在打電話?？赏浦@位女性認(rèn)為自己的行為沒有什么不對的，即她認(rèn)為自己的做法是合理的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段“Definitely,ifonephoneisout,manypairsofeyesaredrawntoit.Andthenotherphonesstarttoappear.Forgetthefactthatyou’remissingtheclassyoupaidfor;you’reatriskoflosingyourbalanceandhurtingyourselforsomeoneelseduetoinattention,ordisturbingsomeoneelse’smomentofpeaceandstillnesswiththeclickingofyourkeys.(當(dāng)然，如果一部手機(jī)出現(xiàn)了，就會(huì)吸引很多雙眼睛。然后其他手機(jī)開始出現(xiàn)。忘記你錯(cuò)過了你付了錢的課程；你有失去平衡的危險(xiǎn)，因?yàn)椴蛔⒁舛鴤Φ阶约夯騽e人，或者用你的鑰匙打擾了別人的平靜和寧靜)”可知，在瑜伽課上使用手機(jī)可能會(huì)打擾他人。故選B?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。文章開篇由一個(gè)具體的例子講述瑜伽課不允許使用手機(jī)引出話題。第五段“PresentiswhatI’maskingmystudentstobe.Presenttothemselvesandtheiryogaexperience.(現(xiàn)在是我要我的學(xué)生做的。專注于他們自己和他們的瑜伽體驗(yàn))”具體闡釋了什么是present以及為什么要關(guān)閉手機(jī)。第六段“doyourselfandeveryonearoundyou,thisteacherincluded,afavorandturnyourphoneoffandputitawaybeforeyouunrollyouryogamat.(請您和您周圍的所有人（包括這位老師在內(nèi)）幫個(gè)忙，在您打開瑜伽墊之前，請關(guān)閉手機(jī)并放好)”推知，作者的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)在瑜伽課上專心，不受手機(jī)的影響。故選D項(xiàng)。CIt’saclassiccomplaintinrelationships,especiallyromanticones:“Shesaidshewasokaywithmeforgettingherbirthday!Thenwhyisshethrowingdishesinthekitchen?Arethetwothingsrelated?”TheanswerisYES.Communicationismorethanwords.It’showthosewordsaresaid,thetone,theorder,eventhechoiceofaparticularword.It’smulti-dimensional,asexploredbyDeirdreWilsonandDanSperberinMeaningandRelevance.Considerthefollowingexample:PetergotangryandMaryleft;MaryleftandPetergotangry.Thoughidenticalinwords,theirmeaningsdiffercompletely.Thefirstonemayhaveusthinking:Wow,PetermustgetangryoftenifMaryleaves.ThesecondsentencesuggeststhatPeterwantsmorefromMary.Samewords—atotallydifferentcontext.Humanlanguageisnotacode(編碼).Truecodeshaveaone-to-onerelationshipwithmeaning.Onesound,onedefinition.Thisiswhatweseewithanimals.WilsonandSperberexplainthat“codedcommunicationworksbestwhenemitter(發(fā)出者)andreceivershareexactlythesamecode.”Notsoforhumans.Wecommunicatemorethanthedefinitionsofourwordswouldsuggest.Thisisinferentialcommunication,anditmeansthatweunderstandnotonlythewordsspoken,butthecontextinwhichtheyarespoken..Irony(反語)isagreatexampleofhowpowerfullywecancommunicatecontextwithafewsimplewords.Itismorethanjuststatingtheopposite.Forexample,whenMarysays,afteraboringparty,“Thatwasfun”,sheisneithersayingliterallythatthepartywasfunnorsaying“ironically”thatthepartywasboring.Rather,sheisexpressinganemotion.Threewordsreplaceparagraphs,showcasinglanguage’sefficiency.WilsonandSperberconcludedthathumanlanguagedevelopedandbecamesopowerfulbecauseoftwouniqueabilitiesofhumans:languageandthepowertotrytointerpretmentalstatesofothers.Welookforcontextforthewordswehear.Andweshouldbeverygoodatabsorbingthiscontexttoinfermeaning.8.WhatdoesthecomplaintinParagraph1mainlyindicate?A.Theinconsistencebetweenwordsandmeaning. B.Theimportanceofrememberingvitalmoments.C.Thenecessityofstraightforwardcommunication. D.Theunavoidabilityofargumentinacouple'slife.9.Whatmaymakehumanlanguagedifferentfromtruecodes?A.Thecontextincludedinunderstandingmeanings.B.Thedefinitionsmadebywordsincommunication.C.Thecodedcommunicationbetweenemitterandreceiver.D.Theone-to-onerelationshipbetweenwordandmeaning.10.HowdoesMary’sstatement“Thatwasfun”illustrateaboutirony?A.Itsimplifieslanguagetosavetime. B.Itcoversthetruefeelingsofpeople.C.Itneedswordyexplanationstomakesense. D.Itusesfewerwordsforcomplexmeanings.11.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestincommunication?A.Focusingontheopposite. B.Takinglanguageliterally.C.Readingbeyondthewords. D.Avoidingusingironictones.【答案】8.A9.A10.D11.C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹人類語言交流特點(diǎn)及反語在交流中的作用?！?題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Shesaidshewasokaywithmeforgettingherbirthday!Thenwhyisshethrowingdishesinthekitchen?Arethetwothingsrelated?(她說她不介意我忘記她的生日！那她為什么在廚房里摔盤子呢？這兩件事有關(guān)系嗎？)”以及第二段“Communicationismorethanwords.It’showthosewordsaresaid,thetone,theorder,eventhechoiceofaparticularword.(交流不僅僅是言語。還包括這些話是怎么說的，語氣，順序，甚至是某個(gè)特定單詞的選擇)”可推知，第一段的抱怨主要表明了言語和意思之間的不一致。故選A?！?題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Humanlanguageisnotacode(編碼).Truecodeshaveaone-to-onerelationshipwithmeaning.Onesound,onedefinition.Thisiswhatweseewithanimals.WilsonandSperberexplainthat“codedcommunicationworksbestwhenemitter(發(fā)出者)andreceivershareexactlythesamecode.”Notsoforhumans.Wecommunicatemorethanthedefinitionsofourwordswouldsuggest.Thisisinferentialcommunication,anditmeansthatweunderstandnotonlythewordsspoken,butthecontextinwhichtheyarespoken.(人類語言不是一種編碼。真正的編碼與意義有著一一對應(yīng)的關(guān)系。一種聲音，一種定義。這就是我們在動(dòng)物身上看到的情況。威爾遜和斯珀伯解釋說：“當(dāng)發(fā)出者和接收者擁有完全相同的編碼時(shí)，編碼交流效果最佳?！比祟悇t不是這樣。我們交流的內(nèi)容比我們所說的單詞的定義要多。這是一種推理交流，這意味著我們不僅理解所說的單詞，而且理解它們所使用的語境)”可知，理解意義時(shí)所包含的語境使人類語言不同于真正的編碼。故選A?！?0題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Irony(反語)isagreatexampleofhowpowerfullywecancommunicatecontextwithafewsimplewords.Itismorethanjuststatingtheopposite.Forexample,whenMarysays,afteraboringparty,“Thatwasfun”,sheisneithersayingliterallythatthepartywasfunnorsaying“ironically”thatthepartywasboring.Rather,sheisexpressinganemotion.Threewordsreplaceparagraphs,showcasinglanguage’sefficiency.(反語是一個(gè)很好的例子，說明我們?nèi)绾斡脦讉€(gè)簡單的詞來有力地傳達(dá)語境。它不僅僅是陳述相反的意思。例如，當(dāng)瑪麗在一個(gè)無聊的聚會(huì)后說“那很有趣”時(shí)，她既不是說聚會(huì)真的很有趣，也不是“諷刺地”說聚會(huì)很無聊。相反，她在表達(dá)一種情感。三個(gè)字代替了段落，展示了語言的效率)”可知，瑪麗的陳述“那很有趣”用更少的詞表達(dá)了復(fù)雜的意思，從而說明了反語的特點(diǎn)。故選D?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“WilsonandSperberconcludedthathumanlanguagedevelopedandbecamesopowerfulbecauseoftwouniqueabilitiesofhumans:languageandthepowertotrytointerpretmentalstatesofothers.Welookforcontextforthewordswehear.Andweshouldbeverygoodatabsorbingthiscontexttoinfermeaning.(威爾遜和斯珀伯得出結(jié)論，人類語言之所以發(fā)展并變得如此強(qiáng)大，是因?yàn)槿祟愑袃煞N獨(dú)特的能力：語言能力和試圖解讀他人心理狀態(tài)的能力。我們?yōu)槁牭降膯卧~尋找語境。我們應(yīng)該非常善于吸收這種語境來推斷意義)”可推知，作者認(rèn)為在交流中應(yīng)該理解話語背后的意思，也就是不僅僅局限于字面意思。故選C。DImaginewakinguponemorningtofindyoursmartphonemissing.Youcannolongergetguidedtowork,orderyourcoffee,orconnectwithfriends.Formostofus,itisanightmare（噩夢）.Butitshouldnotbeexactlyfar-fetched.Despitebeingmoredigitallyconnectedthanever,wearelonelierandmoreanxious.Anxietyratesincreasedby25%globally.Depressionnowaffectsover280millionpeopleworldwide.Allofthisisduetoourgrowingdependenceonsocialmediaandsmarttechnologiesdesignedtoofferquickreliefbutoftenattheexpenseofdeep,meaningfulengagement,whichmayfurthercauseourlossofsomethingeasytobeignored.Whiletheseconveniencesoffershort-termrelief,theymayweakenourthinkingskills.Forexample,GPShasundeniablytransformedhowwetravel.Buta2020studyfoundthatfrequentGPSusersstrugglemorewithself-guidednavigation.Overtime,thosewhodependedmoreonGPSshowedasharpdeclineinspacialmemoryandproblem-solvingskills.However,reducingdependenceontheseconveniencescanleadtodiscomfort.Inseekingcomforttoday,wemightbetradingawaysomediscomfort.Thatistheproblem:theverydiscomfortweavoidisoftenwhatstrengthensus.Viewingstress,akindofdiscomfort,asachallengeratherthanathreatleadstobetteroutcomes.Researchshowsthatmildstresscanenhanceadaptability.Neuroscience（神經(jīng)科學(xué)）revealsthatneuroplasticity—thebrain'sabilitytoformnewconnections—isenhancedthroughchallengingexperiences.Thisadaptabilityiscrucialfordevelopingresilience,（抗逆力）,aprocessfueledbybothmentalchallengesandactiveeffort.Butthisdoesn'tmeanweshouldrejectcomfortentirely;it'stobalanceitwithintentionaldiscomfort.Thinkofitas“microdosinghardship”—aseriesofsmall,manageabledifficultiesthatkeepourmentalandemotionalmusclesstrong,suchaswritingwithapen,orwashingdishesbyhand.Thesesmallactsareenoughtoreawakentheresiliencewe'veburiedunderlayersofease.So,thenexttimeyoufeelthepullofease,pause.Askyourself:Isthismomentarycomforthelpingmegroworisitkeepingmestuck?Choosingdiscomfortisn'teasy,butsometimes,it'sworthit.12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“far-fetched”inParagraph1probablymean?A.Possibletochange. B.Certaintofunction.C.Unlikelytobesettled. D.Unabletobeaccepted.13.Whatmaydigitalconveniencescauseaccordingtothetext?A.Thefastbutworthlessrelief. B.Themeaningfulengagement.C.Thelossofthinkingcapacity. D.Thelackofnecessarycomfort.14.Whichisareal-lifeapplicationof“microdosinghardship”?A.Takingthestairsinsteadofthelift. B.Orderingtake-outfoodafterwork.C.ExploringanewcitybyusingGPS. D.Writinganemailusingvoice-to-text.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.GPS:theinvisiblecostofconvenience B.Stress:themaincauseofbraindamageC.Discomfort:ahiddensourceofresilience D.Smartphones:barrierstohumanprogress【答案】12.D13.C14.A15.C【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇議論文。文章探討了現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中人們對數(shù)字技術(shù)的過度依賴及其帶來的負(fù)面影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)了適度不適的重要性，并提出了通過“微量困難”（microdosinghardship）來增強(qiáng)個(gè)人適應(yīng)力和韌性?！?2題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段中“Imaginewakinguponemorningtofindyoursmartphonemissing.Youcannolongergetguidedtowork,orderyourcoffee,orconnectwithfriends.Formostofus,itisanightmare（噩夢）.Butitshouldnotbeexactlyfar-fetched.(想象一下，有一天早上醒來，發(fā)現(xiàn)你的智能手機(jī)不見了。你再也不能用它導(dǎo)航去上班，點(diǎn)咖啡，或者和朋友聯(lián)系了。對我們大多數(shù)人來說，這是一場噩夢。但這并不_____)”可知，這里的語境是假設(shè)智能手機(jī)突然消失的情景雖然令人不安，但它不應(yīng)該是不能被接受的。故選D。【13題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Allofthisisduetoourgrowingdependenceonsocialmediaandsmarttechnologiesdesignedtoofferquickreliefbutoftenattheexpenseofdeep,meaningfulengagement,whichmayfurthercauseourlossofsomethingeasytobeignored.Whiletheseconveniencesoffershort-termrelief,theymayweakenourthinkingskills.(這一切都是因?yàn)槲覀冊絹碓揭蕾嚿缃幻襟w和智能技術(shù)，這些技術(shù)旨在提供快速的解脫，但往往以犧牲深刻而有意義的參與為代價(jià)，這可能會(huì)進(jìn)一步導(dǎo)致我們失去一些容易被忽視的東西。雖然這些便利提供了短期的解脫，但它們可能會(huì)削弱我們的思維能力)”可知，數(shù)字便利可能導(dǎo)致思考能力的下降。故選C?！?4題詳析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Thinkofitas“microdosinghardship”—aseriesofsmall,manageabledifficultiesthatkeepourmentalandemotionalmusclesstrong,suchaswritingwithapen,orwashingdishesbyhand.(把它想象成“微量困難”——一系列小的、可以管理的困難，這些困難能讓我們的心理和情緒肌肉保持強(qiáng)壯，比如用筆寫字，或者用手洗碗)”可知，采取“微量困難”的實(shí)際行動(dòng)是做一些小的、可以管理的困難的事情，A選項(xiàng)“爬樓梯而不是乘電梯”符合“微量困難”的含義。故選A?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段中“Despitebeingmoredigitallyconnectedthanever,wearelonelierandmoreanxious.(盡管我們比以往任何時(shí)候都更加數(shù)字化地聯(lián)系在一起，但我們卻更加孤獨(dú)和焦慮)”、第三段中“Whiletheseconveniencesoffershort-termrelief,theymayweakenourthinkingskills.(雖然這些便利提供了短期的解脫，但它們可能會(huì)削弱我們的思維能力)”以及第四段中“Thatistheproblem:theverydiscomfortweavoidisoftenwhatstrengthensus.(這就是問題所在：我們避免的不適往往正是讓我們變得堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的東西)”可知，文章主要講述了現(xiàn)代生活中人們過于依賴智能手機(jī)和各種智能技術(shù)，造成了一些不良后果，如焦慮、抑郁、思維能力下降等。作者認(rèn)為，我們應(yīng)該適當(dāng)減少對這些便利的依賴，通過面對一些“微小的不便”來增強(qiáng)自己的抗逆力，C選項(xiàng)“不適感：韌性的隱藏來源”最符合文章主旨。故選C。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Sedimentayrock(沉積巖)isatypeofrockthatcoversaboutthreefourthsofEarth’slandsurface.____16____Theselayerscanbeseenclearlyinsteeprockwalls.Therearemanydifferentkindsofsedimentaryrock.____17____Somesedimentaryrocksformaswindandwaterleavebehindsmallbitsofrockandsand.Othersformfromchemicalsorfromtheremainsoflivingthings.Themostcommonkindsofsedimentaryrockconsistofdepositsleftbehindbywater.Thewaterwearsawayrocksandcarriesawaysandandsmallbitsofrock.Thesemineralsaredepositedinmanyplaces.Overtime,thedepositsbuildupintolayers.____18____Theweightofthelayerspressesthebitsofrocktogether.Waterseepsthroughthelayers,leavingmineralsthatcementthebitstogethertoformrock.Someoftherocksformedbywindandglaciersareloessandtillite.____19____Thisyellowrockcoverslargeregionsoftheworld.Arockmadeupoflargebitsofrockthathavecombinedtogetheriscalledtillite.____20____Chalkandcoalaretwokindsofrockthatforminthisway.Chalkformsfromanimalskeletonsandshellsthatgatheronthefloorofthesea.Coalisformedfromtheremainsofplants.Overtime,thelayersofdeadmatterbecomesolidchalkandcoal.Allsedimentaryrocktakesthousandsofyearstoform.A.Buttheyhavedifferentfeatures.B.Eachkindformsinadifferentway.C.Chalkandcoalcomefromthesamesubstances.D.Sedimentaryrockcanevenformfromtheremainsoflivingthings.E.Itisformedwhenmineralsandothermatteraredepositedinlayers.F.Weakrockformedfromthedustblownbythewindiscalledloess.G.Overthousandsofyears,oldlayersofmatterarecoveredbynewlayers.【答案】16.E17.B18.G19.F20.D【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了沉積巖的形成和特點(diǎn)?！?6題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Sedimentayrock(沉積巖)isatypeofrockthatcoversaboutthreefourthsofEarth’slandsurface.(沉積巖是一種覆蓋地球陸地表面約四分之三的巖石。)”和下文“Theselayerscanbeseenclearlyinsteeprockwalls.(在陡峭的巖壁上可以清楚地看到這些層。)”可知，空處是在說明沉積巖是怎么形成的，且提到了“層”。選項(xiàng)E“它是由礦物質(zhì)和其他物質(zhì)分層沉積形成的”符合語境，且選項(xiàng)中的“l(fā)ayers”呼應(yīng)了下文的“Theselayers”。故選E?！?7題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Therearemanydifferentkindsofsedimentaryrock.(有許多不同種類的沉積巖。)”和下文“Somesedimentaryrocksformaswindandwaterleavebehindsmallbitsofrockandsand.Othersformfromchemicalsorfromtheremainsoflivingthings.(一些沉積巖是由風(fēng)和水留下的小塊巖石和沙子形成的。其他的則由化學(xué)物質(zhì)或生物遺骸形成。)”可知，空處承上啟下，說明不同種類的沉積巖的形成方式不同。選項(xiàng)B“每種的形成方式都不同”符合語境。故選B?！?8題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Overtime,thedepositsbuildupintolayers.(隨著時(shí)間的推移，沉積物堆積成層。)”和下文“Theweightofthelayerspressesthebitsofrocktogether.Waterseepsthroughthelayers,leavingmineralsthatcementthebitstogethertoformrock.(層的重量把巖石碎片壓在一起。水滲透過這些層，留下礦物質(zhì)，將這些碎片粘合在一起形成巖石。)”可知，空處是在說明沉積巖層是如何隨著時(shí)間的推移而形成的。選項(xiàng)G“在數(shù)千年的時(shí)間里，舊的物質(zhì)層被新的物質(zhì)層覆蓋”符合語境。故選G。【19題詳析】根據(jù)上文“Someoftherocksformedbywindandglaciersareloessandtillite.(一些由風(fēng)和冰川形成的巖石是黃土和冰磧巖。)”和下文“Thisyellowrockcoverslargeregionsoftheworld.(這種黃色的巖石覆蓋了世界的大片地區(qū)。)”可知，空處是在介紹黃土這種由風(fēng)形成的巖石。選項(xiàng)F“由風(fēng)吹起的灰塵形成的軟弱巖石叫做黃土”符合語境。故選F?！?0題詳析】根據(jù)下文“Chalkandcoalaretwokindsofrockthatforminthisway.Chalkformsfromanimalskeletonsandshellsthatgatheronthefloorofthesea.Coalisformedfromtheremainsofplants.(粉筆和煤是這樣形成的兩種巖石。粉筆是由聚集在海底的動(dòng)物骨骼和貝殼形成的。煤是由植物的遺骸形成的。)”可知，本段主要講述的是沉積巖可以由生物的遺骸形成。選項(xiàng)D“沉積巖甚至可以由生物的遺骸形成”符合語境，且選項(xiàng)中的“theremainsoflivingthings”呼應(yīng)了下文的“animalskeletonsandshells”和“theremainsofplants”。故選D。第二部分語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Iwhisperedtomyself,“Afive-dayartcampatWhiteCliffthissummer.”WhiteCliffwasreally____21____foranenthusiasticpainterlikeme.Butatthe____22____ofgoingtherealone,Ihadbutterfliesinmystomach.Later,IdialedmyonlyfriendEmily’snumber,onlytodiscoverthatshewouldbeotherwise____23____.Isighedanddroppedmyhead.Ihadreallyhadahardtimejumpingintosomethingwithout____24____facesaround.____25____,IwentoutsidetodrawtheWestons’toweringpinetree.Sittingonthestairs,Ithoughtabouttheartcampandwishedtofeelalittle____26____.ButbythetimeIstartedsketching,Ihadconvincedmyselfthat____27____thecampwasmycontentdecision.Icarefully____28____thepine’sstrongtrunk,straightandsolid,andaddedthegracefulbranches.Oncelostinmysketching,I____29____noticedtheflybuzzingaroundme.Hence,IjumpedwhenMr.Westonsuddenlyremarked,“You’vecapturedtheessenceofthetree’s____30____beautifullyonpaper.”“Thanks.”Ismiled,glancingup.“Ifyouspreadouttherootsnearthesurface,thetreecould____31____sufficientwaterandsoarevenhigher.”Inoticedtheknobbybumps(疙瘩狀突起)ofroots____32____outofthegroundallaroundthetree.I’dneverrealizedhow____33____atree’srootsstretchedoutward.ItstruckmethatifIwantedtogrow,Ihadtostart____34____too.Thatevening,Ifilledouttheartcampapplication,readytostretchmy____35____outintonewearth.IthoughtIamthepine.21.A.unbelievable B.irresistible C.uncontrollable D.irreplaceable22.A.sight B.thought C.request D.core23.A.rejected B.attracted C.occupied D.addicted24.A.familiar B.gentle C.confident D.beautiful25.A.Delighted B.Relieved C.Shocked D.Frustrated26.A.cleverer B.luckier C.happier D.braver27.A.skipping B.attending C.reserving D.delaying28.A.wrote B.watched C.drew D.cut29.A.desperately B.narrowly C.barely D.suddenly30.A.magic B.function C.mystery D.strength31.A.supply B.fetch C.absorb D.contain32.A.sticking B.hiding C.digging D.lifting33.A.well B.far C.deep D.long34.A.reachingout B.growingup C.wisingup D.turningout35.A.life B.roots C.camp D.interests【答案】21.B22.B23.C24.A25.D26.D27.A28.C29.C30.D31.C32.A33.B34.A35.B【語篇導(dǎo)讀】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了作者夏天去WhiteCliff參加為期五天的藝術(shù)夏令營，但是因?yàn)闆]有熟人，作者一開始感到不安，想不去。后來在繪畫過程中感受到了樹木延伸自己的根來成長，于是決定參加夏令營，來延伸自己的“根”。【21題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：對我這樣一個(gè)熱情的畫家來說，WhiteCliff真是難以抗拒。A.unbelievable難以置信的；B.irresistible難以抗拒的；C.uncontrollable無法控制的；D.irreplaceable不可替代的。根據(jù)后文“foranenthusiasticpainterlikeme”推測WhiteCliff的景色讓畫家難以抗拒。故選B?！?2題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但是一想到要一個(gè)人去那里，我心里就七上八下。A.sight視力；B.thought認(rèn)為；C.request要求；D.core核心。根據(jù)后文“ofgoingtherealone,Ihadbutterfliesinmystomach”指獨(dú)自去夏令營的想法讓作者不安，故選B?！?3題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：后來，我撥通了我唯一的朋友艾米麗的電話，卻發(fā)現(xiàn)她正在忙別的事情。A.rejected被拒絕的；B.attracted被吸引的；C.occupied忙碌的；D.addicted沉迷的。根據(jù)上文“Later,IdialedmyonlyfriendEmily’snumber,onlytodiscoverthatshewouldbeotherwise”中onlytodosth.表示“意外發(fā)現(xiàn)”以及后文“Isighedanddroppedmyhead.(我嘆了口氣，低下了頭)”，推測作者的朋友在忙，沒空理會(huì)作者，故選C?！?4題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在沒有熟悉面孔的情況下，我真的很難跳進(jìn)去。A.familiar熟悉的；B.gentle溫和的；C.confident自信的；D.beautiful美麗的。根據(jù)上文“goingtherealone”可知，作者要獨(dú)自去，沒有熟悉的人在夏令營。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：我沮喪地走到外面去畫韋斯頓家那棵高聳的松樹。A.Delighted高興的；B.Relieved安慰的；C.Shocked震驚的；D.Frustrated沮喪的。根據(jù)上文“Ihadreallyhadahardtime”以及作者要去的夏令營沒有熟人在，作者感到沮喪，故選D?！?6題詳析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：坐在樓梯上，我想起了藝術(shù)營，希望自己能勇敢一點(diǎn)。A.cleverer更聰明的；B.luckier更幸運(yùn)的；C.happier更快樂的；D.braver更勇敢的。根據(jù)后文“Ihadconvincedmyself”作者開始說服自己，推測在勸自己勇敢一點(diǎn)，故選D?！?7題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但當(dāng)我開始畫草圖的時(shí)候，我已經(jīng)說服自己，不參加夏令營是我滿意的決定。A.skipping略過，跳躍；B.attending參加；C.reserving預(yù)約；D.delaying推遲。上文“Ihadreallyhadahardtimejumpingintosomethingwithout”提到作者沒有熟人在的情況下，感到不安，結(jié)合后文“Thatevening,Ifilledouttheartcampapplication”作者終于決定參加，可知一開始決定不參加，故選A?！?8題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我細(xì)心地畫出了松樹粗壯的樹干，挺拔而堅(jiān)實(shí)，加上了婀娜多姿的枝干。A.wrote寫；B.watched觀看；C.drew繪畫；D.cut切割。呼應(yīng)上文“IwentoutsidetodrawtheWestons’toweringpinetree.”指作者細(xì)心地畫出了松樹粗壯的樹干，故選C?！?9題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：一旦我沉浸在我的素描中，我?guī)缀鯖]有注意到蒼蠅在我周圍嗡嗡叫。A.desperately絕望地；B.narrowly勉強(qiáng)地；C.barely勉強(qiáng)才能，幾乎不；D.suddenly突然。根據(jù)上文“Oncelostinmysketching”可知，作者專注繪畫，幾乎沒有注意到蒼蠅。故選C?！?0題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，當(dāng)韋斯頓先生突然說：“你在紙上完美地捕捉到了這棵樹力量的本質(zhì)。”我嚇了一跳。A.magic魔法；B.function功能；C.mystery奧秘；D.strength力量。根據(jù)后文“soarevenhigher”以及“Inoticedtheknobbybumpsofroots”提到樹能吸收足夠的水分，長得更高，以及樹根突出了地面，都體現(xiàn)了樹的力量。故選D。【31題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：“如果你把樹根伸到接近地表的地方，樹就能吸收足夠的水分，長得更高。”A.supply供應(yīng)；B.fetch取來；C.absorb吸收；D.contain包含。根據(jù)上文“spreadouttherootsnearthesurface,thetreecould”以及后文“sufficientwater”可知，樹根伸到接近地表的地方，是為了吸收足夠的水分來長大。故選C?！?2題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：我注意到樹周圍到處都是突出地面的樹根疙瘩。A.sticking伸出，堅(jiān)持；B.hiding隱藏；C.digging挖掘；D.lifting舉起。根據(jù)后文“outofthegroundallaroundthetree”指樹根突出了地面，應(yīng)用stickoutof。故選A?！?3題詳析】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：我從來沒有意識(shí)到一棵樹的根能延伸這么遠(yuǎn)。A.well好地；B.far遠(yuǎn)地；C.deep深地；D.long長久地。根據(jù)上文“Ifyouspreadouttherootsnearthesurface”以及“atree’srootsstretchedoutward”可知，此處指樹根延伸很遠(yuǎn)。故選B?！?4題詳析】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：我突然意識(shí)到，如果我想成長，我也必須開始向外拓展。A.reachingout擴(kuò)展，伸出；B.growingup長大；C.wisingup變得知情；D.turningout結(jié)果是。根據(jù)上文“Ifyouspreadouttherootsnearthesurface”以及“atree’srootsstretchedoutward”可知，和樹一樣，要長得更大，就需要向外延伸自己。故選A?！?5題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：那天晚上，我填了藝術(shù)營的申請表，準(zhǔn)備把我的根伸到新的土地上。A.life生活；B.roots根；C.camp營地；D.interests興趣。呼應(yīng)上文“atree’srootsstretchedoutward”指作者把申請藝術(shù)營比喻成把自己樹根延伸到新的土地上，故選B。第Ⅱ卷（本卷共計(jì)55分）第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。London’sfoodscenehaswitnessedaninrushnotonlyoftraditionalCantonese(廣東的)restaurantsbutalsoadiverserangeofregionalChinesecuisines.Fordecades,London’sChinatownhasbeencloselyassociatedwithclassicdishes___36___(root)inGuangdongprovince,whileLondon’sChinesefoodhasexpandedfarbeyondthat,reflectingamuch___37___(broad)culturalshift.WhileCantonese-centricofferingshavelaidthefoundationoffamiliaritywithChineseculinary(烹飪的)culture,theincreasingvarietymakesit___38___bigchallengeforrestaurantstomeetlocalBritishtastes.Toadapttothetrend,theymanagetointroducenewdishesandenhanceexistingones___39___(continuous)forbetteringthemenu.Additionally,largerculinaryschoolscommittoteachingauthentic(地道的)Chinesecooking,___40___(strengthen)greaterappreciationandmast