名師原創(chuàng)：Unit9 單元語法詳解課件

Unit9HumanBiology單元語法詳解

原創(chuàng)

Cao北師大版新教材選擇性必修三動詞的被動語態(tài)本單元重點語法◆原句再現(xiàn)a.Anotherexampleofnaturalcloningisidenticaltwins,whoareproducedfromthesameegg.(教材

P52)b.Shelivedforsixandahalfyears,onlyhalfthelifeofthesheepfromwhichshewascloned.(教材P52)c.Forexample,theywonderifclonesshouldbetreatedasobjectsorasindividualswiththeirownidentity.(教材P53)d....baselineandjustafewcasesofitinoneplacewillbeclassifiedasanepidemic;…..(教材P58)e.WhenIgottothehouse,IwashorrifiedtodiscoverthatJustine,whohadbeenfoundnearthesceneofthecrime,wasaccusedofthemurder.(教材P72)◆被動語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)：be+動詞的過去分詞(done),被動語態(tài)是由主動語態(tài)變來的，也就是把主動語態(tài)中的賓語變成主語，謂語動詞變?yōu)閎e+done即可，請觀察以下句子a.Theworkersmakemachinesinthecity.→Machinesaremade(bytheworkers)inthecity.b.Maryboughtacaryesterday.→Acarwasbought(byMary)yesterday.◆不同時態(tài)中的被動語態(tài)●一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài):主語+am/is/are+過去分詞，請觀察以下句子a.Theyoftensweepthefloorafterwork.→Thefloorisoftenswept(bythem)afterwork.b.HeusuallybuyssomeEnglishbooks.→SomeEnglishbooksareusuallybought(byhim).c.PeasantsgrowwheatinNorthChina.→Wheatisgrown(bypeasants)inNorthChina.●一般過去時的被動語態(tài):主語+was/were+過去分詞,請觀察以下句子a.Wemade40tablesfortherestaurantlastweek．→4otablesweremadefortherestaurant(byus)lastweek.b.Theboyboughtakiteyesterdayinthemarket.→Akitewasbought(bytheboy)yesterdayinthemarket.c.Theworkersthoughtoftwogoodideasinthefactory.→Twogoodideaswerethoughtofbytheworkersinthefactory.d.Didourmothersoldthosebooks?→Werethosebookssold(byourmother)?e.ThebosswishedTomtodothejob.→Tomwaswishedtodothejob(bytheboss).●一般將來時的被動語態(tài):主語+will+be+過去分詞，或begoingtobe+過去分詞，請觀察以下句子●過去將來時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：主語+would/was(were)goingto+be+過去分詞，請觀察以下句子a.Weshallholdameetinginaweek.→Ameetingshallbeheld(byus)inaweek.

b.Heisgoingtobuyabikethisafternoon.→

Abikeisgoingtobebought(byhim)thisafternoon.c.Theywillplantplentyoftreesonthemountain.→Plentyoftreeswillbeplanted(bythem)onthemountain.a.Theywouldgrowmorericethen.→

Morericewouldbegrown(bythem)then.b.TheyweregoingtobuymanyEnglishbooks.→ManyEnglishbooksweregoingtobebought(bythem).c.Myfatherwouldposttheletteratthattime.→Theletterwouldbeposted(bymyfather)atthattime.

●含有情態(tài)動詞被動語態(tài):主語+can/may/must/should+be+過去分詞，請觀察以下句子a.Manyworkersarerepairingthosemachinesnow．→Thosemachinesarebeingrepaired(bymanyworkers)now.b.Theyarebuildingabridgethisyear.→A

bridgeisbeingbuilt(bythem)thisyear.

●現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài):主語+am/is/are+being+過去分詞,請觀察以下句子●過去進行時的被動語態(tài):主語+was/were+being+過去分詞,請觀察以下句子a.Hewasplayingcomputergamesat9:00lastnight．→Computergameswerebeingplayed(byhim)atthattime.b.Theywerebuildingahousethen.→Ahousewasbeingbuilt(bythem)then.

●過去完成時的被動語態(tài):主語+had+been+過去分詞,請觀察以下句子●現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài):主語+have/has+been+過去分詞,請觀察以下句子a.Theyhavefinishedtwotaskssofar．→Twotaskshavebeenfinished(bythem)sofar.b.Ihavevisitedthefamousscientist.→Thefamoushasbeenvisited(byme).a.Hehadvisitedtencountriesbytheendoflastyear.→Tencountrieshadbeenvisited(byhim)bytheendoflastyear.b.Theboyhadremembered10000Englishwordsuntillastmonth.→10000wordshadbeenremembered(bytheboy)untillastmonth.c.Wewillholdameetingtomorrow.→Ameetingwillbeheldtomorrow.d.Thelocalgovernmentbuiltanewteachingbuildinglastyear.→Anewteachingbuildingwasbuiltlastyearbythelocalgovernment.e.Wehavereadthethreebookrecently.→Thethreebookshavebeenreadrecently.◆幾種值得注意的被動語態(tài)●帶復合賓語的動詞的被動語態(tài)※makesb.dosth.→

sb.bemadetodosth.

請觀察下面句子WemadeMarydoherhomeworkathome.→Marywasmadetodoherhomework(byus)athome.●

feel/hear/listento/see/notice/lookat,watch/observe+sb.dosth.變被動時定要加上to，請觀察以下句子Weoftenhearhersingthissong.→Sheisoftenheardtosingthissong(byus).→Thissongisoftenheard(byus)tobesung(byher).●

see/watch/notice/observe/lookat/hear/listento/feelsb.doingsth.→sb.beseen/watched/noticed/observed/lookedat/heard/listenedto/feltdoingsth.請觀察下面句子Isawhimplayingfootballatthatmoment.→Hewasseenplayingfootballatthatmoment.●含有動詞短語的被動語態(tài)一般情況下,只有及物動詞才能跟賓語,而不及物動詞不能跟賓語,所以只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài),不及物動詞則沒有被動語態(tài)。但有些不及物動詞后面跟上介詞或副詞后,變成一個動詞短語,相當于一個及物動詞,就可以構(gòu)成被動語態(tài)，請觀察以下句子a.Shegaveupherdream.→Herdreamwasgivenup(byher).b.Theyturnedoffallthelightsintheclassroom.→Allthelightswereturnedoffintheclassroom(bythem).溫馨提示:千萬不要遺漏介詞或副詞?！舨挥帽粍诱Z態(tài)的幾種情況：●不及物動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，如:belongto,happen,takeplace,last,cometrue,breakout,remain,succeed,fall,die,arrive,appear等,請觀察以下句子a.Abigfirebrokeoutlastnight.b.Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourcountry.c.ThatEnglishbookdoesn’tbelongtome.●表示靜態(tài)的及物動詞have,cost,hold(容納),lack(缺乏),fit等不用被動語態(tài),請觀察以下句子a.TheyhavemanyEnglishbooks.b.Theskirtdoesn’tfither.●某些動詞形式是主動,但含有被動的意思，請觀察以下句子a.Thebooksellswell.這書很好賣。b.Thiskindofclothwashesverywell.這種布很好洗。c.Thatpenwritesquitesmoothly.那支筆寫起來很流暢。d.Thefishtastesgood.這魚味道很好。e.Theflowerssmellsweet.這些花聞起來好香。f.Themufflerfeelssoft.這條圍巾摸上去很軟。g.Thecardrivesfast.這輛小車開得很快?！艨键c訓練1.Theboy________togetsupperreadyafterschool.A.weretoldB.istellingC.wastoldD.tells2.Alotofnewroads_________builtinthewestofChina.A.mustB.mustbeC.hasD.have3.Thisdictionarymustn’t_________fromthelibrary.A.takeawayB.takenawayC.aretakenawayD.betakenaway4.Myshoes_________.Iwentoutforanewpair.A.iswornoutB.woreoutC.werewornoffD.werewornoutCBDD5.Hiscar_______tomorrow.A.willberepairedB.isrepairedC.isbeingrepairedD.hasbeenrepaired6.Computersareuseful.Forexample,theycan_____sendinge-mail.A.useforB.beusedofC.beusedforD.useof7.Thestrongwineismade_________rice.A.ofB.fromC.withD.in

8.Peoplemust_______wasterwaterintotheriver.A.stopfrompouringB.stoptopourC.bestoppedfrompouringD.stoptobepouredACBC9.Allthesefield________withwaterinthreeyears.A.coverB.arecoveredC.willbecoveredD.willcover10.They________dayandnight.A.aremadeworkB.aremadetoworkC.madetobeworkedD.aremakingtowork11.Thedog________thebigtree,orit’llrunaway.A.hastotieit